MPPT Control Research Articles

Sliding Mode-Fuzzy Logic Mppt Control of Hybrid Renewable Energy System

Sliding Mode-Fuzzy Logic Mppt Control of Hybrid Renewable Energy System

Improved MPPT Control Strategy for PV Connected to Grid Using IncCond-PSO-MPC Approach

Improved MPPT Control Strategy for PV Connected to Grid Using IncCond-PSO-MPC Approach

Enhanced Converter Control of a Stand-Alone Multilevel Photovoltaic System Featuring a Protection and Supervision System

The focus of this paper is to optimize the control of a stand-alone discretized photovoltaic system and to reduce the power losses. High power installations require discretized photovoltaic systems. This architecture allows to avoid penalizing the entire system during a malfunction. However, its problems lie in the control of the converters of the adaptation stages and the monitoring of the global system in case of failure. The paper presents, on the one hand, an optimized control algorithm based on the Hill-Climbing method that takes into account the characteristics of the photovoltaic panels and the batteries used to improve the performance and reliability of the photovoltaic system, and, on the other hand, an automated energy management system and a remote supervision interface of the installation to ensure interaction with the site. The integration of the main blocks in our photovoltaic chain has guaranteed continuity of energy production, protection of equipment and reduction of intervention time in case of anomaly in the system. All the results obtained showed that the efficiency of the control of the adaptation stages is around 96%. The average relative error between the simulation and the experiment is 2.47%. After a daily measurement, the efficiency of the MPPT control (98.7%), the efficiency of the adaptation stages (88%) and the efficiency of the overall system (85%) are satisfactory and close to the optimal values of the overall system.

Multi-peak MPPT Control Based on Variable Step Disturbance Observation Method and Butterfly Optimization Algorithm

Multi-peak MPPT Control Based on Variable Step Disturbance Observation Method and Butterfly Optimization Algorithm

Artificial Neural Network Assisted P &O-Based MPPT Controller for a Partially Shaded Grid-Connected Solar PV Panel

Artificial Neural Network Assisted P &O-Based MPPT Controller for a Partially Shaded Grid-Connected Solar PV Panel

ENHANCE EFFICIENCY OF SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM USING ANFIS WITH ISOLATED MODE

This paper shows performance investigation on enhance efficiency of standalone solar energy conversion system using ANFIS based MPPT controller. Now a days many researches are going in the field of renewable energy technologies to bridge the gap between supply and demand. Due to the Intermittent nature of renewable sources, operating standalone operation of them is highly unreliable causes interruption in power supply to the load. A solar photovoltaic system with MPPT based on Adaptive-Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used for stable operation and to meet the supply with the load demand. The application of ANFIS based MPPT technique requires detailed study and analysis of the Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) system. Adaptive-Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System based MPPT technique is used along with Solar PV system as they can provide fast and accurate response to various environmental conditions. The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is used to train the neural network for MPPT in the photovoltaic system. This developed control strategy is able to control the devices and various power interface circuitry used therein. The main aim of this paper is to ensure a maximum power output coordinating appropriate control strategy with sources & compare the performance analysis of the ANFIS based MPPT with conventional incremental conductance based MPPT for the SPV system. The simulation studies have been carried out to find out the SPV system performance with different input conditions such as typical solar radiation and temperature. The Simulation test results show variable power generation and verifies that the performance of the integrated system with this control strategy is effective for the real-time installation. The simulation results shows that the performance of this developed control strategy for receiving maximum power output from the standalone SPV system is farfetched. Simulation test results show variable power generation and verify the performance of the integrated system with control strategy is overall effective for real-time installation. The developed system is essential in an isolated region where an existing grid is unable to supply secure power generation and system is beneficial with smartly feed ultimate power generation sources.

Low cost microcontroller implementation of Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy MPPT controller for photovoltaic systems

Maximum power point trackers have a significant role in optimizing the energy conversion efficiency in a photovoltaic system. The numeric achievements of MPPT algorithm can be implemented and tested by using several embedded boards as Digital Signal Processor, Field-Programmable Gate Array, Arduino, and dspace. Alternatively, for the low cost, availability and simplicity, the PIC microcontrollers can be used compared with the other hardware devices. Therefore, this paper presents the implementation of a Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy controller on a low cost PIC microcontroller, for tracking the maximum power point of a PV module. The PV system consists of a PV emulator, DC-DC converter, and resistive load. The different steps in design, simulation and realization of the T-S Fuzzy logic controller are discussed. The proposed controller system was evaluated by comparing its performance metrics, in terms of efficiency and the Integral Square Error, with existing technique in the literature. The results corresponding to the experimental validation show that the proposed MPPT controller is able to ensure a perfect tracking of the maximum power point with variation of irradiance and is performing better than reported in a previous work.

Design of MPPT Algorithms using Simulink Support Package for Arduino Hardware

In this paper, the performance of the DC-DC converter is assisted by MPPT control in a comparison between Perturb & Observe (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (IC) using the Simulink Support Package for Arduino Hardware. In photovoltaic systems, the maximum power point tracking needs to be powered by PV panels. A microcontroller controls the power converter. Before it is designed, the system is first modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The control software implements a pulse-width modulation signal generator embedded in the Arduino microcontroller. The many stages of design for these controllers are discussed, along with simulation and experimentation. The system is tested, and the irradiance varies from 500 w/m2 to 1000 w/m2. The results of this simulation and experiment show that the plan with MPPT and a P&O controller has a higher efficiency of PV power production.

Optimization and control of photovoltaic water pumping system using kalman filter based MPPT and multilevel inverter fed DTC-IM

This paper aims to research a photovoltaic solar water pumping system (PVWPS) based on a three-phase induction motor (IM) with high performance, low cost, and without chemical energy storage. The proposed control for the PVWPS consists of two principal controllers. The first controller is used to control the system to reach its maximum using a robust MPPT control strategy that is based on the Kalman filter algorithm (KF-MPPT). While the second controller is based on 12-sectors Direct Torque Control (DTC). This technique is proposed to control the IM with the centrifugal pump through a three-level inverter with a neutral point clamped (NPC) structure. Furthermore, to increase the performance of the proposed control without affecting the system efficiency, the torque and flux hysteresis regulators level is increased to five and three levels, respectively. To see the behaviors of the PVWPS with the proposed control, the whole system was designed and simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. This work also includes a comparative analysis to show the performance of the proposed control compared to the conventional controls. This analysis is done first to compare the performance of the KF-MPPT, VSS-P&O-MPPT, and VSS-INC-MPPT using variable radiation, and then to compare the proposed KF-MPPT-PDTC and the conventional KF-MPPT-DTC under a daily climatic profile. The simulated results showed that PVWPS with KF-MPPT and PDTC provide a better performance in terms of reference tracking, response time, torque and flux ripple reduction, current quality, as well as water pumped.

Transformer-Less Novel Hybrid Converter Based Solar PV fed UPS System

The uninterrupted power supply (UPS) plays a dominant role in domestic appliances and also the growth rate of solar roof top system implementation is massively increasing day by day. To minimize the cost on the converters, solar PV power is directly connected with existing UPS with separate MPPT controller. However, due to the presence of nominal frequency transformer, the size and cost of UPS becomes more. In addition, it consumes the power with poor power quality to charge the battery. Apart this, the current supplied from the battery is much higher due to the lower voltage level of battery, which makes voltage dip during peak load condition and resulting to shorten the battery life and degrades its performances. In order to overcome all these drawbacks, this particular paper proposes a transformer-less novel hybrid converter based solar PV fed UPS system. In the hybrid structure, the gain can be achieved higher with minimum components counts. The novelty of the proposed transformer-less hybrid converter is that the regeneration of switched capacitor voltage is applied to input of switched inductor network in DC–DC converter, due to this hybrid structure the gain has been extended drastically with minimum number of devices. Also the coordinated control algorithm is implemented in solar PV fed UPS to take the decision according to the situation of generation, load and battery back-up. The detailed operation of the proposed coordinated control algorithm has been addressed in this paper. Moreover, the detailed simulation study is carried out for each mode of operation and measured results are obtained and presented in this paper.

Improvement of the Standard Perturb & Observe MPPT control strategy by the proposed Fuzzy Logic Mechanism for a Cascade Regulation of a PMSM-based PV pumping system

Improvement of the Standard Perturb & Observe MPPT control strategy by the proposed Fuzzy Logic Mechanism for a Cascade Regulation of a PMSM-based PV pumping system

Research on Three-Port Converter for New Aerospace Energy Architecture

The traditional design method of spacecraft power systems based on customization and the combination of two-port converters can no longer meet the increasing application demands of having high power and being modular and versatile. Three-port DC converter, standardized to form a redundant parallel power supply system with a distributed model, is a possible solution to meet the design requirements of the above spacecraft power supply system. In this paper, a three-port converter is designed to complete the MPPT control of the PV array at the input end to maximize the power generated by the PV array, complete the battery charge and discharge control, realize the bidirectional conversion and transmission of the battery charge and discharge power, and complete the control of the load voltage at the output end to ensure the stable and reliable power supply of the load. If the integrated DC converter is used to realize the power transmission and conversion between the three ports at the same time, the volume and weight of the system can be greatly reduced, and then the power density of the system can be improved.

Enhancement of Solar PV Panel Using Single Integral Sliding Mode MPPT Control

The maximum power extraction using single integral sliding mode control scheme is established from the sliding mode control scheme. The sliding mode control (SMC) scheme extracts the maximum power during the partial shading weather conditions using the effective selection sliding surface duty cycle ratio in combination of dc/dc boost converter. This dynamic operation of sliding surface selection operation in partial shading conditions aids to enhance the solar panel efficiency compared to the other existing MPPT schemes. The effective dynamic operation of sliding surface mode control is designed using feedback loop control scheme to diminish the steady state voltage error of the solar panel, further to obtain the higher sliding duty cycle ratio. The dc-to-dc boost converter is made active using sliding duty cycle ratio as input gate signal boost converter switch. Hence, higher efficiency attains at higher sliding surface duty ration. This sliding surface duty ratio is limited in sliding mode MPPT control scheme and requires the necessary advancements to achieve the maximum duty cycle ratio. The single integral sliding mode control scheme (SISMC) offers the enhanced sliding surface duty cycle ratio with integration of voltage error obtained in SMC scheme. Therefore, the major application of SISMC compared to SMC scheme is the proposed SISMC schemeoffers the effective dynamic sliding operation using integrated steady state voltage error signal and allows to nullify the lacuna of maximum sliding duty cycle ratio. Hence, this paper aims to discuss the design and performance analysis of SMC scheme and proposed SISMC MPPT control scheme. To corroboratethe performance of the proposed SISMC MPPT scheme, the MATLAB / Simulink model was designed and verified. Also,this paper presents the comparison results of proposed SISMC MPPT schemes with the SMC scheme.

Techno-Economic Analysis of MPPT and PWM Controllers Performance in Off-Grid PV Systems

The type of controller implemented in a photovoltaic system is of vital importance, since these devices control the energy input coming from the solar modules to regulate the batteries charge. An efficient controller makes it possible to take full advantage of the solar modules power, maximizing the energy obtained. In this paper a techno-economic analysis to measure the performance of MPPT and PWM controllers in a low power off-grid PV system is presented. To achieve this objective, the modeling of a 65 W PV system was performed, which is composed of a solar module, a DC-DC converter, a controller, and a 12 V battery. The modeling was performed in Matlab-Simulink, with which the power data and average monthly energy generated were obtained, using the city of Santa Marta Colombia as a case study. The technical results show that the MPPT controller generates a higher amount of monthly average energy (10.5 kWh) compared to the PWM controller (7.19 kWh) and the data estimated in the Global Solar Atlas (8.22 kWh). From the economic perspective, it was shown that it is possible to implement MPPT controllers in low-power PV systems, due to the energy surpluses obtained and the investment recovery time.

Efficient MPPT Controller for Solar PV System Using GWO-CS Optimized Fuzzy Logic Control and Conventional Incremental Conductance Technique

Efficient MPPT Controller for Solar PV System Using GWO-CS Optimized Fuzzy Logic Control and Conventional Incremental Conductance Technique

Existence Conditions and Stability for the Power-Flow of DC Micro-Grids With CPLs

The power flow equation of the DC micro-grid with distributed generations (DGs) under MPPT control (MPPT-DGs) and constant power loads (CPLs) is a strongly coupled nonlinear equation, which is difficult to solve. Moreover, the negative impedance of CPL tends to make the system unstable. This paper analyzes the existence conditions and stability of the power-flow of DC micro-grids, which contain distributed generations (DGs) under droop control (Droop-DGs), MPPT-DGs, and constant power loads (CPLs). To begin with, the power-flow equation of the DC micro-grid is derived. Next, by constructing a contraction mapping, the analytic solvability condition of the nonlinear power-flow equation is obtained based on Banach’s fixed-point theorem. Under the proposed solvability condition, an equivalent linearized model around the equilibrium is developed to analyze the stability of the DC micro-grid. By analyzing the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix, we have obtained a robust stability condition of the equilibrium. Finally, simulation results verify the presented results.

Optimal MPPT and BES Control for Grid-Tied DFIG-Based Wind Energy Conversion System

As the wind energy is progressively pursued to supplement conventional power generation, the stochastic wind behavior considerably deteriorates power quality (PQ) and stability of the connected grid. This article is attributed to the comprehensive control design of the grid-integrated doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind energy system that aims to address encountered wind variability and PQ intricacies. Battery energy storage with bidirectional dc–dc converter control is assimilated at the dc-link of the DFIG that regulates the dc-link voltage to mitigate the wind power fluctuations in specified grid power modes. A higher order adaptive control for grid-interfaced converter accurately computes desired weights of various components to exercise accurate power balance and PQ control. Moreover, a novel Jaya particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted for the optimal tuning of wind maximum power point tracking and the dc-link voltage PI controller parameters that significantly improves steady-state and dynamic responses of both the controllers. The rotor speed converges faster with precise reference tracking that leads to almost zero steady-state error using optimized PI controller gains. Along with the attenuated initial overshoot and fast settling time during sudden large step wind speed change, the dc-link voltage also characterizes superior response with optimal tuning during load unbalance and abnormal grid voltage conditions. The presented control strategy analyzes the capability of DFIG system under variable wind-speed changes, specified grid power modes, load changes, and other grid disturbances. The satisfactory system response is endorsed through experimental results conducted on a laboratory prototype.

Solar PV Integration to E-Rickshaw With Regenerative Braking and Sensorless Control

This article proposes a novel drivetrain design of a solar-powered e-rickshaw with the controller. Hall-Effect position sensorless brushless dc (BLDC) motor drive often suffers from delayed commutation at high speed and even at low speed, conventional control does not work well due to low magnitude of back EMF. Here, the proposed sensorless control with commutation error compensation is implemented, which drives the motor over the entire range. A simple commutation error compensation algorithm is designed to detect the freewheeling pulses, reducing the control complexity for low-cost EV application and eliminating low pass filter requirement. Moreover, a zero-crossing detection (ZCD) algorithm is suggested, which inherently compensates the delay and removes the need of any additional phase compensator. A fixed delay digital filter is used to eliminate any unwanted spikes in ZCD circuit. For effective MPPT control, a modified Landsman converter is used, which provides ripple-free current at output and reduces the requirement of ripple filter at front end. The BLDC motor drive is capable of energy regeneration, which reduces the range anxiety for EV. The solar energy and the battery ensure that the vehicle never runs out of power irrespective of the climate conditions. The average distance covered by the vehicle on a single charge is improved <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">.</i>

Twisting Sliding Mode Control based Maximum Power Point Tracking

For a world where energy demand is increasing day by day, available resources are constantly decreasing. At this point, it is very important to be able to benefit from the sun, which is the main energy source, with minimum damage to the environment. It is possible to produce electricity directly from sunlight through PV panels. Due to the limited efficiency of these panels, MPPT algorithms are always required. In this study, Sliding Mode Control (SMC) based Twisting Sliding Mode Control (T-SMC) MPPT, known for its robust structure, was performed and the results were compared with the classical SMC. The proposed MPPT algorithm is simulated with MATLAB/Simulink. The efficiency of T-SMC based MPPT is obtained as nearly 99%.

Generation of Maximum Power in Grid Connected PV System Based MPPT Control Using Hybrid Elephant Herding Optimization Algorithm

This article proposes a Hybrid EHO with ANN to gather the maximum power from PV with the help of the embedded controller. The proposed EHO encourages clan activity around the global MPP and the proposed control mechanism makes forecasting approaches easier by offering a simple number. The specificity of the proposed procedure is to obtain maximum power from the photovoltaic field during to alternative solar radiation and temperature. In this development, an adapted Luo converter is used to develop the presentation of the result while maintaining the switching pulses. Here, the signals are generated by the associated integrated controller EHO-ANN specified in this switch command. In order to achieve higher performance, a simple Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) controller has been applied to adapted Luo converter. Then, a novel boost converter design is introduced to maximize the efficiency of the maximum power point tracking system. The novelty of this paper is to employ the meta-heuristic optimization technique with well-known artificial intelligence techniques to provide a better tracking system to be used to harvest the maximum possible power from photovoltaic (PV) arrays. The proposed model has been carried out using Matlab/Simulink platform and Experimental setup.