Spring Movement Research Articles

“QUEM NOS SALVARÁ DA MÍDIA?”: A REPRESENTAÇÃO DA PRIMAVERA SECUNDARISTA EM ARTIGO DA REVISTA ÉPOCA

Este artigo tem como objeto a representação construída pelo discurso da mídia sobre o movimento que ficou conhecido como Primavera Secundarista ocorrido no Brasil em 2016. Sendo um movimento de resistência dos estudantes de Ensino Médio contra as propostas de reforma e ajustes fiscais do governo brasileiro no âmbito da educação, a Primavera Secundarista envolveu jovens de várias partes do Brasil que ocuparam mais de 1000 escolas em todo o território nacional. Nosso objetivo, com este estudo, é analisar e compreender as estratégias usadas pela mídia para representar esse movimento. Utilizamos como corpus para a análise um artigo de opinião publicado na página on line da revista Época, assinado pelo colunista Fernando Schüler intitulado “E quem nos salvará de Ana Júlia?”. À luz do construto teórico-metodológico da Análise de Discurso Crítica (ADC), embasamo-nos, principalmente, nos escritos de Fairclough (2004) e Ramalho e Resende (2011), desenvolvendo assim, um estudo de caráter qualitativo, com foco no significado representacional. Compreendendo a linguagem como o lugar privilegiado de lutas e tensões sociais, discutimos as estratégias linguísticas e ideológicas utilizadas na produção do artigo e percebemos como resultado a construção, por parte da mídia, de uma imagem desqualificada do movimento Primavera Secundarista.

Predicting early spring emergence and late season overwintering movement of Calepitrimerus vitis (Nalepa) (Acari: Eriophyidae) in grapevine

Abstract The grape rust mite, Calepitrimerus vitis (Nalepa), is an important grapevine pest worldwide. During the period of early spring emergence and movement to the overwintering refuge in the late season, growers need to control C. vitis properly. We developed forecasting models of early spring emergence and late summer overwintering movement of C. vitis in vineyards for control time. Their activation in the early spring was estimated by changes in density between upper bud and the whole bud. The density of C. vitis on buds was estimated using a washing out method. The proportion of C. vitis on the upper bud was increased as accumulated degree-day (DD) was increased. This relationship was well described by a linear regression model. Based on the model, 153 DD with a base temperature of 10.51 °C, at which emergence rate of C. vitis deutogynes was 70%, was proposed as the control time for C. vitis. Movement of deutogynes in the late summer was observed. The ratio of C. vitis movement for hibernation was increased as the relative night length was getting longer. This relationship was well described by a two-parameter Weibull function. Proportion of migrant deutogynes was low in August. It increased sharply when relative night length was 0.499 (11.97 h, middle September). Therefore, control should be conducted before autumnal equinox in late summer at the latest.

The Fate of the Arab Spring: Ten Propositions

This article attempts to set the discussion of the Arab Spring in the context of one of the great challenges of our times: how social and international order can develop in the wake of empires. It outlines some of the main events of the Arab Spring – the series of political and social movements that played significant roles in many of the countries of the Middle East and North Africa from December 1990 onwards. It focuses on the central role of civil resistance (i.e. of non-violent action) in the Arab Spring, and mentions some of the main controversies regarding its use. It notes the variations in aims: in some countries demonstrators called for the fall of the regime, while elsewhere the main demand was for reforms. It warns against certain deceptively simple lessons about the Arab Spring generally that are in danger of gaining traction in and beyond the region. It shows, in simple tabular form, how different the countries involved in the Arab Spring are. The outcomes were very varied. They included effective constitutional change in Tunisia, revival of a long-established system of rule in Egypt, internationalized civil wars in Yemen and Syria, and continuation of demands for reform in monarchical states including Morocco, Jordan and Bahrain. Ten propositions about the role of civil resistance in the Arab Spring are advanced. The central arguments are that civil resistance, if it displaces a regime without providing for an effective succession, can involuntarily contribute to social disorder; that the decentralized and ad hoc quality of the leadership of some of the movements in the Arab Spring may have hindered their performance; and, above all, that outcomes depended heavily on the composition and circumstances of each individual country.

Altered space use and movement distances of Merriam’s kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami, in post-fire lands

Author(s): Hulton Vantassel, HL; Anderson, KE | Abstract: Habitat fragmentation can alter many ecological processes, including animal movement and habitat-use patterns. Understanding how habitat fragmentation influences movement and habitat use is critical for predicting long-Term consequences of the negative impacts of disturbances. Fires in Joshua Tree National Park in the Mojave Desert were historically rare disturbances but have become increasingly common, generating novel patterns of habitat heterogeneity. We examined the effects of post-fire spatial complexity of burned lands on spring and daily movement distances of Merriam's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami, in Joshua Tree National Park. Movement distances did not show a direct relationship with the amount of post-fire remnant vegetation; rather, we found that D. merriami increased spring movement distances within the patchily burned sites, which also showed the lowest small mammal abundances. However, in burned sites, D. merriami maintained larger territories than in the unburned site. The adaptability of D. merriami to fragmentation could be an asset for restoration via seed dispersal within burned sites in the Mojave Desert.

Facebook Utilization and Arab Spring Movement: A Study among Yemeni Youth

The Arab Spring is a popular term used to describe the revolutionary movement of demonstrations and protests, and civil wars in the Arab world that began on December 18, 2010 in Tunisia and spread in the whole Arab countries. Tunisia and Egypt became the center of this revolution, and then it moved to include Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, Sudan, Mauritania, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Djibouti, Western Sahara and Palestine. Yemeni youth’s revolution movement began to change the system through mobilization of people and social action. This paper focuses on the importance of Facebook in the revolution and how the Yemeni youth used Facebook to attract more supporters and keep the spirit up. The present paper reports the impact of Facebook in nurturing political revolution in Yemen analyzing the data achieved by survey method.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 5, Issue-1: 5-9

Winter movement activity patterns of anadromous Arctic charr in two Labrador lakes

AbstractAnadromous Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, feed in the marine environment for several months during the summer and migrate back to fresh water in late summer to spawn and/or overwinter. While overwintering, anadromous Arctic charr are generally believed to reduce or cease feeding, and they are poorly described in their winter movement activity. This study used telemetry data collected from two locations to describe overwintering movement activity, including interindividual variation. Movement activity declined markedly during the ice‐covered period, suggesting opportunistic maintenance feeding was used as an energy conservation strategy. Fall and spring movement was correlated with daylight hours, and ice break‐up had a significant effect on the timing of outmigration. Movement activity was negatively correlated with body length, with smaller individuals being more active than larger fish. Although general activity patterns were evident, there were significant differences among individuals, particularly during spring immediately prior to lake departure. Lake size and individual differences in metabolic rate may account for some of this variation.

A New Test Method of Circuit Breaker Spring Telescopic Characteristics Based Image Processing

This paper applied computer vision technology to the fatigue condition monitoring of springs, and a new telescopic characteristics test method is proposed for circuit breaker operating mechanism spring based on image processing technology. High-speed camera is utilized to capture spring movement image sequences when high voltage circuit breaker operated. Then the image-matching method is used to obtain the deformation-time curve and speed-time curve, and the spring expansion and deformation parameters are extracted from it, which will lay a foundation for subsequent spring force analysis and matching state evaluation. After performing simulation tests at the experimental site, this image analyzing method could solve the complex problems of traditional mechanical sensor installation and monitoring online, status assessment of the circuit breaker spring.

Dynamics of Political Protests

AbstractThe links between protests and state responses have taken on increased visibility in light of the Arab Spring movements. But we still have unanswered questions about the relationship between protest behaviors and responses by the state. We frame this in terms of concession and disruption costs. Costs are typically defined as government behaviors that impede dissidents’ capacity for collective action. We change this causal arrow and hypothesize how dissidents can generate costs that structure the government's response to a protest. By disaggregating costs along dimensions of concession and disruption we extend our understanding of protest behaviors and the conditions under which they are more (or less) effective. Utilizing a new cross-national protest-event data set, we test our theoretical expectations against protests from 1990 to 2014 and find that when protesters generate high concession costs, the state responds in a coercive manner. Conversely, high disruption costs encourage the state to accommodate demands. Our research provides substantial insights and inferences about the dynamics of government response to protest.

The Language of the Socialist Man. The Case of Istrian Periodicals

The paper presents the language and orthography of the Istrian printed media in the second half of the 20th century, that is, in the period of socialism. The research corpus consists of some five hundred issues of the following Istrian magazines and journals of workers’ or civic organizations: “Raski rudar”, “Uljanik”, “Nas glas”, “Porecki glasnik”, “Kulturni vjesnik”, “Istra”, “Istarski borac”, “Istarski mozaik” and “Buzetski zbornik”. Linguistic and orthographical analyses of these journals, primarily workers’ and youth journals, were conducted in an effort to identify their tendencies and degree of compliance with standards and rules prescribed by the normative manuals of the time. Dualities, numerous versions and inconsistencies, presented by level (orthography, morphology, word formation, syntax, vocabulary and style), within the magazines themselves serve as evidence of the impact of breaking events pertaining to Croatian language in the second half of the 20th century (from the period of AVNOJ, the Meeting in Novi Sad, and the “Novi Sad orthography agreement”, the Declaration on the name and position of the official Croatian language, and the Croatian Spring movement until the nineties), whereas the diachronic changes speak of the development process the language and orthography went through at the time. On the other hand, texts covering philological topics, primarily published in magazines and papers on culture and society, indicate a high level of awareness and consideration for the language of the simple man living in the period of socialism. Finally, analyses of this type play a significant role in the overall presentation of the recent history of Croatian language in Istria.

A note on a double‐serial switch‐spring‐parallel semi‐active connection element

AbstractSubject is a semi‐active connection element consisting of two identical subsystems in series. Each subsystem is composed of one spring and one switch in parallel. The switch can prevent spring movement when closed. Thus, the potential energy in the spring is stored. The use of two subsystems in series allows to direct power from extension and compression into different springs, yielding two spring forces with different directions. Due to the mass inertia, fast switching between the two spring forces controls the position of a connected mass. Thus, the semi‐active connection element behaves similar to an actuator with the limitation that the average work vanishes. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

A stochastic movement model reproduces patterns of site fidelity and long-distance dispersal in a population of Fowler’s toads (Anaxyrus fowleri)

Although amphibians typically exhibit high site fidelity and low dispersal, they do undertake rare, long-distance movements. The factors influencing these events remain poorly understood, partly because amphibian spring movements tend to radiate from breeding sites and the animals are often difficult to locate at other times of the year. In this study, we investigate whether these movement patterns can be reproduced by a parsimonious model where foraging steps follow a heavy-tailed, Lévy alpha-stable distribution and individuals may either return to a previous refuge site or establish a new one. We consider three versions of the return behaviour: (1) a distance-independent probability of return to any previous refuge; (2) constant probability of return to the nearest refuge; or (3) a distance-dependent probability of return to each refuge. Using approximate Bayesian computation, we fit each version of the model to radiotracking data from a population of Fowler’s Toads, which inhabits a linear sand dune habitat on the north shore of Lake Erie in Ontario, Canada. Only the model with distance-independent, random returns provides a good fit of the inter-refuge distance distribution and the number of refuges visited per toad. Our results suggest that while toads occasionally forage over long distances, the establishment of new refuges is not driven by the minimization of energy expenditure.

Educate. Empower. Revolt

This analysis examines how citizen journalism in two very resource-poor areas in India is mobilizing communities and sparking movements demanding change. The Video Volunteers and CGNET Swara are two citizen journalism organizations that work in Central India, in areas whose human and development indexes are among the lowest in the country. Citizen journalism has been studied both as a consequence and as an instigator of social revolution. The Arab Spring movement and the case of Mohamed Bouazizi in the 2010 Tunisian uprisings are prominent recent examples. But citizen journalism in these and similar cases usually focus on the framing of martyr narratives where individuals and their protests or reactions against human rights atrocities make them “a symbol of the struggle for justice, dignity and freedom.” Through a content analysis of 400 news stories posted in the year 2015–2016 and qualitative interviews with 30 participants and a focus group of 15 participants, this study analyses how the Video Volunteers and CGNET Swara train citizens to produce news, the kinds of frame that are used to mobilize audiences, and encourage them to articulate outrage against the many human rights atrocities that occur in these areas. Findings show that citizen journalism succeeds because of the culturally resonant frames used and effective frame alignment that resonate with their main audiences and producers. The news produced and disseminated activates connective structures to facilitate collective action among audiences and communities who earlier had little means or recourse to address such issues. This collective action encourages participants to gather offline to fight for their demands and positively transform their communities.

Development of One-Piece Zero-Compliance Mechanism for Force Measurement

A zero-compliance mechanism is fabricated which uses a one-piece parallel spring movement and a voice coil motor to achieve force measurement. The conceptual zero-compliance mechanism is a series connection of a spring with positive stiffness and a spring with negative stiffness whose amplitude is equal to the positive one. When force acting on the end of the connected springs (point of action), the point does not displace because the displacement of the negative spring cancels that of the positive spring; meanwhile, the connection point displaces in proportional to the force. Therefore, the force can be estimated from the displacement of the connection point. The efficacy of the proposed method was demonstrated by an experimental apparatus using double series magnetic suspension. However, it used magnetic force to achieve negative stiffness so that the accuracy of measurement was limited because of the nonlinearity. To solve such a problem, a zero-compliance mechanism is fabricated which uses a one-piece parallel spring movement and a voice coil motor as an actuator. The structures of the mechanism are described and its modeling is presented. The control system is designed based on the derived model. Measurement tests for both static and dynamic forces are carried out with the developed apparatus.

The influence of freshwater flows on two estuarine resident fish species show differential sensitivity to the impacts of drought, flood and climate change

Estuaries are particularly susceptible to climate change and drought resulting in atypical changes to freshwater flows. How such changes in flow impact on the ecology of estuarine fishes may depend on how a species moves in response to changing flow conditions. Acoustic telemetry was used to interpret fine-scale movements of two co-inhabiting estuarine fish species, black bream, Acanthopagrus butcheri and estuary perch, Macquaria colonorum in relation to freshwater flows, season and moon phase. We found black bream to be highly mobile, regularly travelling the length of the estuary and into the neighbouring estuaries. In contrast, estuary perch had particular home ranges and made occasional, upstream or downstream movements. Possibly influenced by freshwater flows, estuary perch moved at greater rates in the Tambo compared to fish in the Mitchell. Black bream resided in the upper estuary during winter and spring and the lower estuary during summer and autumn, whereas estuary perch remained in the upper estuary throughout the year, with occasional downstream movements in winter and spring. This study revealed 1) significantly large increases in freshwater flows result in mass downstream movements in both species, 2) fish moved upstream during full moons and 3) there are contrasting spatio-temporal patterns in movement between species. The results from this study highlight that estuarine fishes are likely to show differential sensitivity to the impacts of drought and climate change and illustrate how acoustic telemetry methods can be used to determine the environmental needs of fishes and help efforts to conserve and manage estuaries worldwide.

New Media, Old Labor, and the Art of Toppling Dictators

The Arab Spring movements that rolled across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region were seen by many outsiders as beginning in 2011, as if they popped up from out of nowhere. These two boo...

What Fighting Back Feels Like: Affect, Aesthetics, and Protest in 2012 Québec

This paper attempts to understand the relationship between aesthetics and politics, specifically as it pertains to the phenomenon of red square graffiti during the 2012 Québec Spring movement. e red square is an ideal example of affective responses to political art because it shows the tight interrelation of three concepts: politics, aesthetics, and affect. Affect theory argues that politics and aesthetics work together in a mutually reciprocal relationship to build and sustain affects of resistance. is is due to the nature of political art, in that this small graffiti intervenes in the public sphere in non-authorized ways which reveal a desire for politics outside of the sharply defined public sphere of electoral politics. The implication is of the need for openness to the affective force of politics and aesthetics, a fidelity to the potential of resistance.

Raptor and large soaring bird migration across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico: distribution, seasonality, and phenology

SummaryWe present the first study of the spatial and temporal dynamics of raptors and large soaring birds from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Using systematic migration counts from multiple localities in the southern states of Oaxaca and Chiapas, as well as observations of their flight trajectories during eight consecutive years (2007–2014), we describe the magnitude of these movements, their geographic extent, and the phenology of the most abundant species in both spring and fall seasons. The most abundant species were Turkey VultureCathartes aura, Swainson’s HawkButeo swainsoni, Broad-winged HawkButeo platypterus, Wood StorkMycteria americana, American White PelicanPelecanus erythrothynchos, Franklin’s GullLeucophaeus pipixcan, and American KestrelFalco sparverius. In spring, the seasonal average magnitude of migration was over 28,000 birds, while in autumn the average was over one million. The aggregated seasonal phenologies recorded illustrate a variety of migration patterns. The inter-annual variation is lower in autumn than in spring. Migrating raptors and other soaring birds did not seem to use any topographical feature as a leading line for their movements in spring, while in autumn they did. We estimated the main axis of spring flights to run along a SE–NW vector, while autumn migration follows a WNW–ESE general trajectory. Our results place the isthmus as one of the five most important sites in the world for raptors and soaring migrants. Sustaining annual migration counts at these sites is of high importance to track substantial portions (> 90%) of the global population of Turkey Vulture and Swainson’s Hawk, as well as over 10% of the global population of Broad-winged Hawk. Autumn migration counts have the potential for long-term population monitoring.

Migration Routes of Satellite-Tracked Rough-Legged Buzzards from Japan: The Relationship between Movement Patterns and Snow Cover

Abstract The Rough-legged Buzzard Buteo lagopus is a Holarctic species that breeds in the Arctic and subarctic regions and winters in a broad range from 40° to 55°N. In Japan, this species is typically a rare winter visitor, but in January 2008 there was an unprecedented influx and 350–400 individuals were observed in western and central Japan. Winter irruptions of this species are considered to be caused by low temperatures and increased snow cover. Here, we describe the distribution of snow cover in mainland Asia leading up to the irruption into Japan. We predicted that movement patterns during spring migration would also be influenced by snow cover. We satellite-tracked four Rough-legged Buzzards from Japan, to show their spring migration routes, and examined the relationship between their spring movement patterns and changes in snow cover along their route. There were two spring migration routes from Japan, which varied with wintering sites. One route led up to the Amur River basin bordering China and...

Discovery of mass migration and breeding of the painted lady butterflyVanessa carduiin the Sub-Sahara: the Europe-Africa migration revisited

Migratory behaviour has repeatedly evolved across taxa as an adaptation to heterogeneity in space and time. However, insect migration is still poorly understood, partly because of the lack of field data. The painted lady butterfly Vanessa cardui undertakes a long-distance annual migration between Europe and Africa. While spring flights from the Maghreb to Europe are well characterized, it is not known how far the European autumn migrants travel into Africa and whether they massively cross the Sahara Desert. We conducted fieldwork in four African countries (Chad, Benin, Senegal, and Ethiopia) in autumn and documented southward migrants in central Chad and abundant breeding sites across the tropical savannah as far south as the Niger River in the west and the Ethiopian highlands in the east. Given directionality and timing, these migrants probably originated in Europe and crossed the Mediterranean, the Sahara and the Sahel, a hypothesis that implies the longest (>4000 km) migratory flight recorded for a butterfly in a single generation. In the light of the new evidence, we revise the prevailing spatiotemporal model for the annual migration of V. cardui to incorporate tropical Africa, which could potentially be regarded as the missing geographic link between autumn (southwards) and spring (northwards) movements.

Global Protests and Cosmopolitan Publicity: Challenging the Representative Claims of Nation-States

In the past decade, a global wave of protests has spread to both liberal democratic and authoritarian countries in which the representative claims of nation-states have been profoundly challenged. This article explores the extent to which these protest movements reflect cosmopolitan practices and possibilities. The central argument is that the protests created forms of ‘cosmopolitan publicity’ in which people engaged in transnationally connected social criticism and political contestation directed at rupturing the representative authority of their state. The article first provides an account of cosmopolitan publicity, arguing that it is produced by interaction across territorial and cultural borders in which open and egalitarian publics are formed to deal with shared problems. It then argues that varying degrees of cosmopolitan publicity were generated in the recent global protests by examining the transnational communication, tactics, and claims of the Arab Spring and Occupy social movements. Finally, the article argues that these protests are indicative of ongoing crises of representation that plague many nation-states and create opportunities for new forms of cosmopolitan politics.