Movement In France Research Articles

Urdu nesrinde romantizmin yükselişi

Romanticism had signicant alteration on Western Literature from the beginning of the 18th century to the second half of the 19th century and reected prominent impression in terms of literary understanding and social life in these periods. It is assumed that the romantic works were at rst seen in German and English Literature but Romanticism was accepted as a worldwide movement in France after French Revolution resulted in chaotic, melancholic and anxious feelings. Even, Urdu prose was inuenced by romanticism in a later time between 1901 and 1935 it had the same affection as its contemporary works in the west. Romantic writers have supported the idea of “art for art” and they changed restrictive Aligarh style into emotional, creative, imaginative, independent one. Thus, sexuality, woman, sensuality, imagination, nature and love has been the main themes of this rebellious movement.

Alain Badiou and the Sans-Papiers

The rising number of non-status migrants is one of the central political issues of our time. This essay argues that if we want to understand the political and philosophical importance of this phenomenon, the contributions of Alain Badiou, his militant group L'Organisation politique (OP), and the struggle of the sans-papiers movement in France are absolutely crucial. This is the case because, I will argue, Badiou, the OP, and the sans-papiers created a new kind of migrant justice struggle in the mid-1990s that in many ways remains at the practical and theoretical roots of much of non-status migrant organizing today. However, this essay also argues that Badiou's theoretical and political work with the sans-papiers also needs to be revised and updated in light of certain developments in more recent migrant justice struggles.

Christine Delphy's Constructivist Materialism: An Overlooked “French Feminism”

This essay revisits the work of Christine Delphy, a leading activist in the women's liberation movement in France and a leading materialist feminist theorist whom many US feminist scholars have written off as a “seventies feminist”: she not only published one of her most-read pieces in the 1970s but is also judged to typify that period by virtue of her (in)famous conceptualization of women as a class. This essay undertakes a close reading of Delphy's writings on gender together with her earlier work on women as social class to elaborate what I term her constructivist materialism: a materialist analysis of gender hierarchy premised on the conviction that sex difference is not the foundation of gender but is, rather, its effect. I aim not only to give Delphy's work the benefit of a sympathetic reading but also to demonstrate how such a reading participates in contesting two of the narratives that Clare Hemmings has identified as reducing the “feminist seventies” to “seventies feminism.” Delphy's constructivist materialist conceptualization of gender belies efforts to contrast the (essentialist) seventies with the (constructivist) nineties—efforts that mark the latter as theoretically and politically superior.

Symbolism, the Beginning of Modern Poetry

This article aims at emphasizing the reasons why symbolistic poetry can be regarded as the beginning of modern poetry. First, the stress is laid on a few definitions given to symbolism. Second, there is a presentation of this movement in France. Further, the paper focuses on describing the symbolistic poetical language and in the last part, symbolism is seen in relation to Romanian criticism.

Au Naturel: Naturism, Nudism, and Tourism in Twentieth-Century France

Stephen Hart's volume begins with a fascinating premise, asking whether ‘changing notions of the body, mores, and sexuality in twentieth-century Europe can be explored through the lens of the nudist movement’ (p. 4). To answer this question, Au Naturel provides a social and cultural history of the naturist movement in France in 1927 and takes us on a tour of the earliest and largest French nudist centres such as the Île du Levant in the Var, Cap d'Agde in Hérault, and Montalivet in the Gironde. The first chapter is devoted to a definition of the naturist movement and its gradual association with nudism by the Durville brothers in the interwar years, in the attempt to ‘regenerate’ the health of individuals in a climate of cultural anxiety about France's decline. The following chapters analyse the concepts and practices that were worked out by Kienné de Mongeot, Alfred Lecocq, and their followers before and after World War II in order to legitimize complete nudity in France and define the norms of behaviour that permitted nudism to be disseminated. Hart also stresses that, in practice, the real opportunities for transnational nude tourism were driven by the exponential growth of tourism after 1945. As France's geographical location and warm climate made it a unique European destination for foreign nudists, the positive financial impact on nude tourism on local economies became a convincing justification of municipal acceptance of nudist centres, eventually leading to the state-sponsored development of beachfronts for nude tourism in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The role of co-ordinated naturist holiday clubs in driving and regulating international nude tourism is explored, as are the pressures caused by other groups such as sex tourists, exhibitionists, and libertarians infiltrating nudist spaces. Following Foucault in The History of Sexuality, Hart warns against the temptation to infer from increased public nudity in twentieth-century Europe that people were freed from repression. The book offers extensive evidence that this has not been the case. Of particular interest are the sections in which Hart emphasizes the reluctance of naturist associations to engage with the issues of sexuality and eroticism in nudism. Fearing that an acknowledgement of these issues might damage broader acceptance of the movement, they have managed the relationship between nudism and sexuality by imposing formal social codes and behavioural rules that encourage heteronormative forms of sexual control. A number of controversial subjects are explored and challenged, including consent, sexuality, physical attractiveness, obesity, objectification, voyeurism, and exploitation, and Hart succeeds in problematizing these issues within the time period he explores. His arguments are illustrated by useful quotations from primary sources, and images drawn from magazines and postcards are reproduced in the central pages of the book. The volume has been carefully researched and is well documented; it will be useful for any reader with an interest in the history of the ‘exposed’ body and sexuality in twentieth-century France.

Terms of Encounter: The ’85 New Wave and France, Magiciens de la Terre and Chine Demain pour Hier

Abstract This article focuses on the encounters and exchanges between French and Chinese artists, art critics and curators from 1985–90 and their impact on the development of two important presentations of the ’85 New Wave movement in France: Magiciens de la Terre (1989) and Chine Demain pour Hier (1990). Drawing on interviews with French and Chinese artists, critics and curators, it argues how the politics of intercultural encounters influenced the curatorial frameworks of both these exhibitions. Such politics ranged from the conditions of artistic exchanges between France and China initiated under French cultural policies to issues of linguistic and cultural translation.

What Really Matters in Creating Mass Mobilization, Classical Organization, or New Social Media?

This article explores why people adopt different processes to participate in mass mobilizations, using the 2006 Anti-CPE (labor law) Movement in France and the 2008 Candlelight Movement against American Beef Imports in South Korea as case studies. In France, initiators and participants followed the ‘ready-made’ way: left-wing organizations led the whole process of mass mobilizations. In contrast, in South Korea, initiators came from ‘nowhere’: they were middle and high school students without any political organizations; participants were ‘tainted’ by the left wing political line. The key finding of this study is that the levels of demarcation of political lines in people’s everyday life may explain this difference. In France, strong establishment of a political line in people’s everyday life brought fewer new actors, creating less surprise but a solid mobilization; in South Korea, the less-established political line in people’s everyday life attracted more new actors, creating more surprise but ‘frivolous’ mobilizations.

The 2011 Indignés/Occupy Movements in France and Ireland: An Analysis of the Causes of Weak Mobilisations

In 2011 Occupy movements were set up in France and in Ireland but aside from some initial displays of mobilisation, the movements enjoyed very limited success. Some commentators wondered why there was such a difference between the level of protest in these countries compared to what was taking place in others such as Greece and Spain. The authors argue that the reasons for the weak level of mobilisation in France and in Ireland are related to the cumulative effects of external and internal factors. In terms of external factors, the movements received very weak political support in both countries. In addition, the contrasting effect of the economic crisis and especially the fact that a significant proportion of the better-educated French youth were less unemployed or socially excluded than in most other European countries—notably Ireland—help to account for the movement's weakness, in France at least. Internal factors also played a key role. In France as in Ireland, the movements were profoundly varied and sociologically divided. Activists were unable to agree on clear and unambiguous policies and guidelines and they defended with vigour autonomous modes of action that quickly isolated them. In the end, the accumulation of these handicaps did not allow the mobilisations to develop.

No Environmental Justice Movement in France? Controversy about Pollution in Two Southern French Industrial Towns

Abstract This paper describes the emergence of a controversy concerning pollution and environmental and health risks in two southern French towns, Viviez and Salindres, which are both known for their long industrial history. It explores some of the reasons why the majority of the local populations resented the fact that the; issues raised were addressed publicly. It also examines some of the coping strategies residents may have developed to avoid talking about risks and to distance themselves from them. It goes on to discuss the differences and similarities in the development of concerns for environmental inequalities in the North American and French contexts, asking, in the manner of Werner Sombart on socialism in the USA at the end of the nineteenth century, why environmental justice is not a strong concern (either as a social movement or frame of analysis) this side of the Atlantic.

From ‘seeing’ to ‘seizing’ opportunity: critical events, turning points and cross-national ethnolinguistic mobilization in the Basque Country

This article examines how social movement actors carry out the transition from ‘seeing’ to ‘seizing’ critical events as empowering structures of political opportunity. Drawing on qualitative data, the discussion looks at how Basque language activists affiliated with the ikastola schooling movement in France engaged with a chain of events linked to the rise of democracy and autonomy in the Spanish Basque Country from 1975 to 1987. The analysis shows how intersubjective perceptions of ‘opportunity’ inspired French Basque activists to orchestrate a strategic turning point through the formation of cross-border ties with parallel actors in Spain. Subsequently, consideration is given to some of the outcomes generated by the formation of these ties for activists in France. In addition to shedding empirical light on the Basque case, the article contributes to micro-cultural studies of macro-political processes in social movement studies by illuminating the discursive and organizational practices through which grassroots actors transform opportune situations into empowering outcomes during times of large-scale societal crisis and transformation.

Characteristics of the spatio-temporal network of cattle movements in France over a 5-year period

A good knowledge of the specificities of the animal trade network is highly valuable to better control pathogen spread on a large regional to transnational scale. Because of their temporal dynamical nature, studying multi-annual datasets is particularly needed to investigate whether structural patterns are stable over the years. In this study, we analysed the French cattle movement network from 2005 to 2009 for different spatial granularities and temporal windows, with the three-fold objective of exploring temporal variations of the main network characteristics, computing proxies for pathogen spread on this network, which accounts for its time-varying properties and identifying specificities related to the main types of animals and farms (dairy versus beef). Network properties did not qualitatively vary among different temporal and spatial granularities. About 40% of the holdings and 80% of the communes were directly interconnected. The width of the aggregation time window barely impacted normalised distributions of indicators. A period of 8–16 weeks would suffice for robust estimation of their main trends, whereas longer periods would provide more details on tails. The dynamic nature of the network could be seen through the small overlap between consecutive networks with 65% of common active nodes for only 3% of common links over 2005–2009. To control pathogen spread on such a network, by reducing the largest strongly connected component by more than 80%, movements should be prevented from 1 to 5% of the holdings with the highest centrality in the previous year network. The analysis of breed-wise and herd-wise subnetworks, dairy, beef and mixed, reveals similar trends in temporal variation of average indicators and their distributions. The link-based backbones of beef subnetworks seem to be more stable over time than those of other subnetworks. At a regional scale, node reachability accounting for time-respecting paths, as proxy of epidemic burden, is greater for a dairy region than for a beef region. This highlights the importance of considering local specificities and temporal dynamics of animal trade networks when evaluating control measures of pathogen spread.

The Insured Cost of Ground Movements in France from 1995 to 2006

Depending on their causality, ground movements can be stated as natural disasters and insured by the French natural disasters insurance system. This article analyzes the inventoried claims and compensations from 1995 to 2006 and explains the limits of this approach. It assesses the ground movements cost in metropolitan France during this period. This economic assessment is also broken down considering the different types of ground movements.

A Comparative Analysis of Two Contrasting European Approaches for Rewarding the Value Added by Drugs for Cancer: England Versus France

Within Europe, contrasting approaches have emerged for rewarding the value added by new drugs. In Ireland, The Netherlands, Sweden and the UK, the price of, and access to, a new drug has to be justified by the health gain it delivers compared with current therapy, typically expressed in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained. By contrast, in France and Germany, the assessment of added benefit is expressed on an ordinal scale, based on an assessment of the clinical outcomes as compared with existing care. This assessment then influences price negotiations. The objective of this paper is to assess the pros and cons of each approach, both in terms of the assessments they produce and the efficiency and practical feasibility of the process. We reviewed the technology appraisals performed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) relating to 49 anticancer drug decisions in the UK from September 2003 to January 2012. Estimates of the QALYs gained and incremental cost per QALY gained were then compared with the assessments of the Amélioration du Service Médical Rendu (ASMR) made by the Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) in France for the same drugs in the same clinical indications. We also undertook a qualitative assessment of the two approaches, considering the resources required, timeliness, transparency, stakeholder engagement, and political acceptability. In the UK, the estimates of QALYs gained ranged from 0.003 to 1.46 and estimates of incremental cost per QALY from £3,320 to £458,000. The estimate of cost per QALY gained was a good predictor of the level of restriction imposed on the use of the drug concerned. Patient access schemes, which normally imply price reductions, were proposed in 45 % of cases. In France, the distribution of ASMRs was I, 12 %; II, 18 %; III, 24 %; IV, 18 %; V, 22 %; and uncategorized/non-reimbursed, 4 %. Since ASMRs of IV and above signify minor or no improvement over existing therapy, these ratings imply that, in around 40 % of cases, the drugs concerned would face price controls. Overall, the assessments of value added in the two jurisdictions were very similar. A superior ASMR rating was associated with higher QALYs gained. However, a superior ASMR was not associated with a lower incremental cost per QALY. There are substantial differences in respect of the other attributes considered, but these mainly reflect the result of institutional choices in the jurisdictions concerned and it is not possible to conclude that one approach is universally superior to the other. The two approaches produce very similar assessments of added value, but have different attributes in terms of cost, timeliness, transparency and political acceptability. How these considerations impact market access and prices is difficult to assess, because of the lack of transparency concerning prices in both countries and the fact that market access also depends on a broader range of factors. There is some evidence of convergence in the approaches, with the movement in France towards producing cost-effectiveness estimates and the movement in the UK towards negotiated prices.

Los modelos organizativos de traperos de emaús en el estado y su respuesta a la crisis

Despite their common inspiration driven by the Abbe Pierre movement in France in 1949, today there are significant differences between the ragpickers groups. This article aims to classify the various groups in the Spanish state and analyze whether their particular characteristics have led them to propose different strategies to deal with the crisis. This first propose a typology based on the analysis of five variables (legal form of life on community leadership and participation, growth, action orientation) to help draw the organizational model of the various groups of Emaus in the state, which leads us to classify them into four categories (Community Foundation , Social Enterprise, Mixed). In general, the differences between these models are previous to economic crisis, but we have observed that there are differences in the responses to it. Although it is still early to establish a typology of responses to the crisis, we can tentatively highlight some keys that seem to contrast the differences between the proposed models. We believe it is important to understand these different models and response strategies, as all of them are present in other social institutions or companies related to the Social Economy and the Third Sector, and therefore help to understand what might be the key to future this type of Alternative Economy.

Fallen Nature and Infinite Desire: A Study of Love, Artifice, and Transcendence in Joris-Karl Huysmans’s Á rebours and Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray

Those who go beneath the surface do so at their peril. Those who read the symbol do so at their peril. (1) Even during his lifetime, readers of Oscar Wilde's work often noted the author's interest in Catholicism. Yet the specifically religious dimension of his corpus has rarely come into examination by critics. (2) This article focuses on one small part of this larger question: the influence of Joris-Karl Huysmans's novel, A rebours (1884), (3) upon Wilde's Picture of Dorian Gray (1890-91). Huysmans's novel was a key initiator of the decadent literary movement in France and has been generally acknowledged as influencing Wilde's novella. Although Huysmans's was regarded as corruptive in The Picture of Dorian Gray itself and was singled out during Wilde's 1895 sodomy trial as an example of the latter's deviant inspirations, it was also considered a deeply religious and even Catholic work, and its influence upon Wilde's novella was just as ambivalent. (4) Critics have not often explored the relationship between A rebours and The Picture of Dorian Gray at length, even aside from the question of religion. But the fact of that relationship is evident. (5) Wilde never Even during his lifetime, readers of Oscar Wilde's work often noted the author's interest in Catholicism. Yet the specifically religious dimension of his corpus has rarely come into examination by critics. (2) This article focuses on one small part of this larger question: the influence of Joris-Karl Huysmans's novel, A rebours (1884), (3) upon Wilde's Picture of Dorian Gray (1890-91). Huysmans's novel was a key initiator of the decadent literary movement in France and has been generally acknowledged as influencing Wilde's novella. Although Huysmans's was regarded as corruptive in The Picture of Dorian Gray itself and was singled out during Wilde's 1895 sodomy trial as an example of the latter's deviant inspirations, it was also considered a deeply religious and even Catholic work, and its influence upon Wilde's novella was just as ambivalent. (4) Critics have not often explored the relationship between A rebours and The Picture of Dorian Gray at length, even aside from the question of religion. But the fact of that relationship is evident.5 Wilde never concealed his indebtedness to A rebours in the novella, and anyone acquainted with both works will recognize that he alluded to this inspiration. At a key turning point in The Picture of Dorian Gray, Dorian's eyes fall upon the yellow book (6) that his friend, Lord Henry Wotton sent to him. His impression is worth noting: It was a novel without a plot, and with only one character, being, indeed, simply a psychological study of a certain young Parisian, who spent his life trying ... to sum up, as it were, in himself the various moods through which the world-spirit had ever passed, loving for their mere artificiality those renunciations that men have unwisely called virtue, as much as those natural rebellions that wise men still called sin. The style in which it was written was that curious jeweled style, vivid and obscure at once. ... The life of the senses was described in the terms of mystical philosophy. One hardly knew at times whether one was reading the spiritual ecstasies of some medieval saint or the morbid confessions of a modern sinner. It was a poisonous book. The heavy odour of incense seemed to cling to its pages and to trouble the brain. The mere cadence of its sentences, the subtle monotony of their music, so full as it was of complex refrains and movements elaborately repeated, produced in the mind of the lad, as he passed from chapter to chapter, a form of reverie, a malady of dreaming, that made him unconscious of the falling day and creeping shadows. (7) The yellow book, had a profound effect upon the practical and theoretical approach to life for Wilde's hero. …

The Cognitive Dimension of Social Movements' Europeanization Processes. The Case of the Protests against ‘Fortress Europe’

This paper examines the Europeanization of social movements through frame analysis. Focusing on the case of the French and German pro-asylum movements, it shows how they build new collective identities and increasingly recognize the role of EU institutions and policies. This analysis shows first of all that social movements' organizations coming from different national contexts Europeanize their frames to the same extent and through similar paths. It shows then that, within each country, social movements' organizations with different characteristics frame European institutions and policies differently. These differences are explained by their distinct strategies of protest and alliance at the European level. Organizations acting in Brussels through lobbying techniques tend to follow a process of frame transformation, and organizations protesting at the transnational level tend to follow processes of frame extension and frame bridging. This analysis concentrates on a panel of 23 organizations representative of the pro-asylum movements in France and Germany.

Militants sans frontières? Fusions and frictions of US movements in Paris, 1970

The turn of the seventies was a crucial conjuncture in the development of radical movements in France, not simply because of the trail blazed by the mass revolt of May '68, but due to the advent of US movements and underground themes in the French left, subsequently suffusing the broader culture in the 1970s. Nascent women's and gay liberation movements in France drew directly on their American counterparts for ideas and inspiration. Crucially, some of the pioneers of these groups had been to the US and become involved with the antiwar and sexual liberation movements, returning with fresh perspectives. The texts and images of their respective publications in 1970-71 underscore this transatlantic borrowing. Besides the currents of sexual liberation, sections of the French far left kept a watchful eye on events Stateside, focusing on the evolution of the broad Movement. Based on recently gathered oral testimonies of former activists and archival evidence, I trace the presence in Paris, 1970, of Black Pant...

Revisiting Hospitality: Opening doors beyond Derrida towards Nancy’s Inoperativity

This article explores the phenomenon of migrant labour2 through the lens of Jacques Derrida’s hospitality. Developing the concept of hospitality as an analytical and ethical question, this article suggests some limits of hospitality when applied to issues of migrant labour and offers an account of inoperative hospitality, which draws on Jean- Luc Nancy’s discussions of inoperative community. Hospitality, as discussed by Jacques Derrida in Of Hospitality (2000), challenges us to think of our relation to each other—to the stranger, the foreigner, even to the one without a name—in reference to a limit or a border. The concept of hospitality, or hospitality as ethics,3 has been explored as a theoretical notion to challenge existing hostile and restrictive immigration policies and practices. In 1996, in a speech on the sanspapiers movement in France, Derrida deplored the idea that there can be crimes of hospitality in ‘Derelictions of the Right to Justice’ (Derrida 2002a: 133). He urged, ‘we must [il faut] be able to rediscover a taste for living in a culture, a language, and a country in which hospitality is no longer a criminal offense’ (Derrida 2002a: 140). Seyla Benhabib and Bonnie Honig also have questioned hospitality for its potential to be mandated, or reflected, in migration, rights and citizenship policies.

Cassandra’s Curse: Louis Bouyer, the Liturgical Movement, and the Post-Conciliar Reform of the Mass

Antiphon 18.3 (2014) 254–300 Cassandra’s Curse: Louis Bouyer, the Liturgical Movement, and the PostConciliar Reform of the Mass1 John M. Pepino Why pay any attention to Fr. Louis Bouyer, of the French Oratory? After all, he is no longer much read in liturgical circles; at most his Liturgical Piety and Eucharist are used among them as reference books, mainly for their biting comments on Dom Guéranger and pre-conciliar liturgical habits. Certainly his influence in his own country, after a high point in the 1950s, utterly waned a few years after Vatican II and he became so ostracized in the French Church that, when the French-language version of the journal Communio approached him to join their editorial board, he demurred, fearing that the association with his name might harm the enterprise in the sight of the bishops. In fact, after his death in 2004, his close friend and collaborator Jean Duchesne wrote a brief article (he has since written a book to present Bouyer’s life and thought and published the French version of Bouyer’s Memoirs)2 entitled “Who is Still Afraid of Louis Bouyer?”3 1 For a shorter paper on Bouyer and the liturgy (and the basis for this article), see “Louis Bouyer and the Pauline Reform: Great Expectations Dashed” (paper presented at the annual meeting of the Church Music Association of America, St Paul, MN, October 14, 2013), forthcoming in Sacred Music 141.4 (Winter 2014). A version of the present article was delivered as a lecture during Easter week 2014 at the Église Saint-Irénee in Montréal, at Saint Paul University in Ottawa, and at the Église Saint-Zéphirin-deStadacona in Québec, as well as during the Sacra Liturgia Summer School at the Monastère Saint-Benoît in La Garde Freinet, 18 July 2014. For an approach to Louis Bouyer and the liturgy with a different focus, see Alcuin Reid, “The Reformed Liturgy: A ‘Cadaver Decomposed’? Louis Bouyer and Liturgical Ressourcement,” in Antiphon 16 (2012) 37–51.. 2 Jean Duchesne, Louis Bouyer (Perpignan: Artège, 2011) and Louis Bouyer, Mémoires, ed. Jean Duchesne (Paris: Cerf, 2014). 3 Jean Duchesne, “Qui a encore peur de Louis Bouyer?” in Communio 30 (2005) 73–85. 255 CASSANDRA’S CURSE: LOUIS BOUYER We shall see that Fr. Bouyer had been an important voice in the preconciliar liturgical movement in France; the Second Vatican Council’s Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, Sacrosanctum Concilium, reflects if not some of his views, certainly views that he had made his own and which he held most dear. Lastly, he was a member of the committee in charge of elaborating the Missal that Paul VI was to promulgate in 1969, the Consilium (the “little consilium” as he called it, as opposed to the “Big Concilium”, i.e. Vatican II), headed by the Vincentian Father Annibale Bugnini: Bouyer and Bernard Botte put together what is now the Eucharistic Prayer II. In other words, when it comes to the history of the liturgy in the twentieth century, and even the point that the liturgy has reached in the West in the early twenty-first century, Bouyer counts. Add to this that Bouyer was a man of the highest standards of intellectual and personal integrity. He saw things clearly and expressed himself bluntly; he seems to have been utterly void of what is known as human respect; he was allergic to fads and ill-thought-out enthusiasms.4 This cost him: he missed a lifetime award for his production in theology because of his clairvoyant but under-read Decomposition of Catholicism, a lament of how the Church was faring in 1968 (he would go into the causes of the collapse of Catholicism in his Religieux et clercs contre Dieu of 1975); he also turned down the cardinal’s hat because it meant having to go and see Paul VI (who invited him to spend a few weeks at Castel Gandolfo), and he knew that if he went, he would have to tell the pope how disastrous for the Church in France his episcopal nominations had been—not to mention the revolt on the part of 4...

Contemporary Grammars of Resistance: Two French Social Movements

This article analyzes two social movements in France: the ‘Mouvement des Indigènes de la République’ [Movement of the ‘Indigenous’ of the Republic], and the ‘Réseau Éducation Sans Frontières’ [Education without Borders Network]. It explores the kinds of borders and underlying struggles that these social movements bring to light, and how their actions redraw borders. In these borderlands, actors in the two French resistance movements oppose exclusions and attempt to delegitimize the collective understanding of ‘la République’ that underpins them. This analysis builds on previous research demonstrating that social movements can succeed instrumentally in mobilizing participants when they resonate with and draw on participants’ ‘lifeworld’ (Edwards, 2008; Habermas, 1987). Moreover, I insist on the expressivist quality of these actions as performances of democratic freedom (Beltrán, 2009; Drexler, 2007). Finally, I consider some limitations and the broader lessons for border challenges.