Motor Nameplate Research Articles

Enhancing Electrical Audits Through AI-Powered for Motor Nameplate Analysis

This project presents a deep learning-powered system for automating the extraction and analysis of electrical motor nameplate parameters, addressing inefficiencies in traditional manual methods used in electrical audits. Users upload a nameplate image through a React-based interface, initiating a process where the backend, powered by the Gemini API and OCR-enabled deep learning models, extracts critical parameters such as voltage, power, current rating, RPM, insulation type, and temperature ratings. This extracted data undergoes post-processing to generate actionable insights and audit reports, categorised into a Simple Suggestion Report for basic recommendations and an Overall Detail Report for comprehensive analysis, displayed in a user-friendly output panel. By automating this process, the system significantly reduces time, effort, and errors associated with manual extraction, enabling auditor companies to deliver more accurate and efficient reports, paving the way for advanced automation in electrical audits and optimizing motor performance, maintenance, and energy efficiency in industrial and residential settings.

A NEW COOLING APPROACH TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY FOR THE INDUCTION MOTOR: VORTEX TUBE

With the rising demand for energy, concepts such as energy efficiency, energy-efficient devices, and efficiency have grown in importance in recent years. It is well known that a substantial amount of energy produced around the world is consumed in industry, with electric motors accounting for the majority of this consumption. As a result, it is critical to conduct research to improve the efficiency of newly manufactured electric motors in the high efficiency class, as well as electric motors that are still in use because they have not reached the end of their economic lives. The advantages of the proposed system over the conventional fan-cooled system were investigated in this study, which proposed a vortex tube-supported cooling system for cooling the squirrel-caged asynchronous electric motor of the IE3 efficiency class. In this context, an Ansys motor-CAD model of the test engine was created, and a vortex tube-supported experimental setup was built based on the data. As a result of the simulation and experimental studies, the experimental motor's stator winding temperature improved by 68.64%, and its efficiency improved by 1.79% according to the motor nameplate value. The proposed method increased efficiency without requiring any structural changes to the existing electric motor.

A novel starting method with reactive power compensation for induction motors

Abstract This paper investigates several traditional startup methods for induction motors. Since a large starting current and a reactive power may lead to a deep voltage drop and cause a potential damage to induction motors and other devices in the same power grid, a novel starting method is proposed for induction motors based on the autotransformer and the magnetically controlled reactor (ATMCR). Then, a reactive power dynamical compensation strategy is developed to improve the power factor and overcome the voltage drop effectively. The main advantage of the proposed approach is that the starting current of induction motors is reduced in the starting period and compensate the reactive power simultaneously. In simulation, a parameter identification method is presented to deal with simulation parameters and the motor's nameplate parameters inconsistencies problem. Finally, simulation and experiment are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF A SINGLE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR WITH NON-UNIFORM STATOR SLOTS BASED ON MAGNET SOFTWARE AND AUTOCAD

The current study uses the finite element technique to investigate a single-phase induction motor with non-uniform stator slots. A 0.5 hp, four poles, 36 stator slots, and 48 rotor slots have non-uniform stator slots was analyzed based on magnet Finite Element Method software with using AutoCAD in modeling stator due to its unsymmetrical slots, The suggested study attempts to evaluate all motor design modifications. The values of currents and torque received from the FEM analysis for test motor were compared with motor nameplate data with a good agreement.

Effect of Changing Running Capacitor on Performance of a Single–Phase Induction Motor

Single-phase induction motors are used in multiple applications in whichhaving the correct value of the capacitor linked to auxiliary winding allows the motor to work effectively. The current study used finite element analysis based on Magnet software to investigate the effect of changing the running capacitor on the performance of a single-phase squirrel cage induction motor with non-uniform stator slots, as well as using AutoCAD to model the stator due to its asymmetrical slots. The design documentation for a 0.5 hp, 36 stator slots, and 48 rotor bars, 25 µF, four-pole tested model are used to simulate the motor. The precision of model outcomes is confirmed successfully by comparing its outcomes of rated current and torque with motor nameplate data. The effect of changing the running capacitor on the performance of a single-phase induction motor is discussed in this study. To demonstrate the simulation's versatility in motor design, the auxiliary branch capacitor was modified (increasing and decreasing) and the effect of each instance on the motor's performance was investigated.

Normalized Model Reference Adaptive Control Applied to High Starting Torque Scalar Control Scheme for Induction Motors

Recently, a novel high-starting torque scalar control scheme (HST-SCS) for induction motor(s) (IM) emerged. It expands the scalar control application field beyond centrifugal pumps, blowers, and fans, moving, for instance, some conveyor belts with nominal torque loading. This paper proposes a normalized model reference adaptive control (N-MRAC) applied to HST-SCS for IM. First, the proposal extends the MRAC, resulting inn a class of nonlinear systems encompassing the IM dynamical model. It uses a normalized information vector, jointly with a direct control approach, reducing the trial and error adaptive controller tuning. Second, a properly designed N-MRAC is applied to regulate the starting stator current within the variable speed drive under investigation. As a result, the proposed methodology keeps the HST-SCS as a simple control scheme without needing variable observers or parameter estimators and employing tuning information only from the motor nameplate and datasheet. Test bench experiments with a 10 HP motor validate the proposal effectiveness.

Closed-Loop Adaptive High-Starting Torque Scalar Control Scheme for Induction Motor Variable Speed Drives

This article proposes a closed-loop (CL) high-starting torque (HST) scalar control scheme (SCS) for induction motors (IM). It endows the recently proposed HST-SCS with high-output torque capability beyond starting after using an outer speed control loop feeding an inner current control loop with adaptive controllers. Presenting a cascade normalized adaptive passivity-based controller (N-APBC) for nonlinear systems encompassing the IM allows obtaining this result. It extends the normalized adaptive controller for the cascade case. As a result, it keeps the HST-SCS simple control scheme without needing variable observers or parameter estimators and employing tuning information only from the motor nameplate and datasheet. Test bench experiments with a 10 HP motor validate the proposal’s effectiveness. Comparative experimental results show that the CL HST-SCS has a required stator phase voltage lower than HST-SCS. The CL HST-SCS applies the adaptive starting voltage curve for a more extended time than HST-SCS, from the start to 1.9 s versus 1.2 s, respectively. Hence, CL HST-SCS assures HST not only for starting but almost up to 600 rpm, resulting in a smoother transient behavior than HST-SCS under this speed.

New Adaptive Starting Scalar Control Scheme for Induction Motor Variable Speed Drives

This article proposes a new scalar control scheme for variable speed drives of induction motors with an adaptive starting control. Besides centrifugal pumps, blowers, and fans, it expands the scalar control application field to move, for instance, a class of conveyor belts with nominal torque loading. An adaptive passivity-based controller designed for a class of nonlinear systems encompassing the dynamical machine model keeps a constant stator starting current. The proposed methodology uses information from the motor nameplate. Hence, it keeps a simple control scheme, not needing parameter estimates, neither adjusting controllers nor variable observers depending on them. Experimental results with a 10 HP downscaled laboratory prototype validate the proposed control strategy effectiveness. It shows rated-starting torque capabilities and fast speed response. Moreover, it shows lower stator current consumption than previous scalar control schemes.

유도 전동기 명판 값을 이용한 등가회로도 파라미터 계산

Induction motors are often operated under a slightly lower load condition than when operated under full load. It is very important to understand the parameters of the motor in order to understand the characteristic change according to the fluctuation of the load. The easiest way to identify the characteristics of an induction motor is the motor nameplate data. The values suggested on the motor nameplate are those indicated under the rated load operating conditions. In order to know the change in the operating characteristics of the motor when actually operating in a state lower than the rating, it is necessary to obtain the parameters that need to be input to the equivalent circuit diagram.<BR>In this study, parameters to be included in the equivalent circuit diagram were calculated from the electric values presented on the motor name plate, and then the power, torque, power factor, and efficiency that varied according to the change in speed were calculated using these values, and compared with those indicated on the name plate.

A new model to find optimum counterbalancing of sucker-rod pumping units including a rigorous procedure for gearbox torque calculations

The profitability of sucker-rod pumping depends mainly on the prime mover's power use because the dominant part of the operational cost is the power bill. The required prime mover power, however, is defined by the torque loading of the pumping unit's gearbox. The paper analyzes the different kinds of gearbox torque components, their possible calculation methods, and introduces a novel calculation procedure that utilizes the data of a dynamometer survey. Traditional counterbalancing methods normally assume that the combined center of gravity of the crank plus counterweights system falls on the centerline of the crank arm. This assumption greatly simplifies the calculation of counterbalance torque, but at the same time it seriously reduces the possible number of counterbalance arrangements. The paper eliminates this simplification and allows the selection of unrestricted variations of counterweights and their respective positions. In such cases, the counterbalance's combined center of gravity does not fall on the centerline of the crank and an offset angle is created between the crank angle and the phase of the counterbalance torque vs crank angle function. Formulas for these parameters are introduced that can handle any combination of counterweights at any positions on the cranks' edges. When comparing the available models for optimum counterbalancing, the authors show that the traditional procedure of equalizing the peak torques during the up-, and the downstroke does not produce the smoothest possible net gearbox torque. Net torque fluctuations are lower if the objective of optimization is changed to find the minimum of CLF (Cyclic Load Factor). Additional benefits of this recommended optimization procedure are that it requires the minimum of motor nameplate power and the minimum power cost. The authors describe the development of a new model for counterbalance optimization that changes both the magnitude and the phase angle of the maximum counterbalance moment during optimization. This solution is a major improvement over previous models because those did not change the phase angle of the counterbalance moment. The new model offers a better match to the variation of the rod torque and can produce a smoother net torque and lower prime mover powers. The developed optimization procedure uses PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) principles, an AI iterative optimization scheme. The developed computer program incorporates a rigorous procedure to calculate gearbox torque components and can follow both the traditional model and the recommended model seeking the minimum of CLF. All statements and conclusions are supported by results of example problems. • A procedure is proposed to find the counterbalance system’s CG that can handle any combinations/positions of CWs on the cranks. • traditional formulas of CB torque vs crank angle are modified to include the effects of the lead/lag of the CB torque function. • The traditional way of CB optimization is proved to not produce the smoothest possible net gearbox torque. • The proposed optimization provides a better match to the variation of the rod torque and can produce a smoother net torque. • The PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) AI method was used to optimize counterbalance conditions of pumping unit gearboxes.

Comparative Design of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors for Low-Power Industrial Applications

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have superior features such as less volume and weight, long-life, high performance compared to induction motors. In this study, a comparative design of PMSMs is provided by considering a 2.2 kW induction motor nameplate parameters which is commonly used in industrial applications. A parametric analysis is used in order to design stator slot and magnet geometries of Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous (SPM) and Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) Motors to get the high efficiency, low torque ripple. Ansys@Maxwell-2D software using time stepping finite element method is utilized to verify the advantages of designed motors compare to induction motors. In addition, material consumptions of both PMSMs and induction motor are compared to show the effectiveness of proposed motors in mechanically. It is shown that designed SPM and IPM motors have higher efficiency, lower torque ripple and volume than that of induction motors.

Non-Invasive Method for In-Service Induction Motor Efficiency Estimation Based on Sound Acquisition

Induction motors (IMs) are present in practically all production processes and account for two-thirds of the energy consumption in industrial settings. Therefore, monitoring them is essential to prevent accidents, optimize production, and increase energy efficiency. Monitoring methods found in the literature require a certain level of invasiveness, causing some applications to be unfeasible. In the present study, a new completely non-invasive method implemented in an embedded system performs the embedded processing of the sound signal emitted by an in-service IM to estimate speed, torque, and efficiency. Motor speed is estimated from the analysis in the frequency domain using the Fourier Transform. Torque and efficiency are estimated from the speed and motor nameplate information. To perform the tests and validate the proposed method/system, a workbench with a controllable torque was used. The workbench was also equipped to allow the results to be compared with the airgap torque method. The results indicate a high accuracy for the nominal load (error of approximately 1%) in the measurement of the efficiency and torque, and a mean relative error of 0.2% for the speed.

An Economic Analysis of Rewind, Premium, and Standard Efficiency Vertical Hollow Shaft Motors for Irrigation

Abstract. Vertical hollow shaft motors are commonly used for vertical turbine pumps for irrigation. They are a specialty motor which has been exempt from the Department of Energy (DOE) requirement for improved energy efficiency. We evaluated the payback and net present value (NPV) of standard efficiency, energy efficient, and premium efficiency motors for motor sizes used in irrigation. For motor sizes between 22 and 56 kW (30 and 75 hp), the NPV and payback analysis indicated that premium efficient motors are more advantageous than standard efficiency. In motor sizes greater than 75 kW (100 hp) standard efficient motors are more cost effective than replacing a motor with a premium efficiency motor. When considering a repair or rewind of a motor, the result is highly dependent on the quality, and the resulting efficiency expected after the repair. If a repaired motor nameplate efficiency could be attained after rewinding and repair, then rewinding is most cost effective. However, if original nameplate efficiency is not attained, then it may be more cost effective to purchase a premium efficiency motor over rewinding. New DOE requirements may be advantageous for irrigators even though capital costs will be higher for new motors. Keywords: Motor rewind, Net present value (NPV), Payback period, Premium efficiency motor.

A Simplified Equivalent Circuit Method for Induction Machine Nonintrusive Field Efficiency Estimation

Energy efficiency estimation for in-service induction motors has become a crucial area of research due to the increasing need for energy savings and demand-side management. As a result, several in-service efficiency estimation methods for induction motors have been proposed. This article presents a nonintrusive method for estimating the efficiency of induction motors operating on-site using limited terminal measurements and motor nameplate data. The method uses a modified inverse Г-model equivalent circuit with series core loss arrangement to mitigate the inherent problems of higher computational burden and parameter redundancy in the conventional T-model. Furthermore, a new method is presented for estimating the friction and windage loss using the airgap torque and motor nameplate data. The proposed nonintrusive field efficiency estimation technique was validated experimentally on standard and premium efficiency induction motors for both balanced and unbalanced voltage supply. The results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method and confirm its advantage over the conventional method for in-service efficiency determination.

On-Line Parameter Identification of a Squirrel Cage Induction Motor

Based on the principle of coordinate transformation, a mathematical model of induction motors in the three-phase stationary coordinate system was transformed to that in the synchronous rotating coordinate system. For motors with low-speed rotors, the multi-variable, high-order, strong-coupling and nonlinear equation of motors was further transformed to a linear equation. However, it was found difficult to solve the deduced linear equation through the method of least squares due to its high singularity. The steady-state stator resistance could be predetermined by temperature revision on the stator resistant in the motor nameplate. Identification of four motor parameters (Ls,M, Rr, Lr) was followed by the recursive least-squares method. Simulations of motor parameter estimation were carried out in Simulink of Matlab. The recursive least-squares method was used to deal with the measured data. The results demonstrate that the real-time electrical parameters (Ls, σ, Tr) can be accurately predicted. Given the assumption of Ls = Lr in the classical motor theory, the other three electrical parameters (M, Rr, Lr) can also be identified. The identification of these parameters is of great importance for the analysis, control and fault diagnosis of induction motors.

A Simplified Indirect Technique for the Measurement of Mechanical Power in Three-Phase Asynchronous Motors

Abstract This paper presents an indirect method for measuring the mechanical power produced by three-phase induction motors. The proposed technique is based on the hypothesis that three-phase induction motors are balanced systems that transform electrical power into mechanical one. The measurement of a single phase current is used to estimate the mechanical power generated at the axis. The relationship between electric current and mechanical power is generally non-linear. By expressing the quantities in p.u., this trend is approximated with a second order polynomial. From the analysis of the mechanical power characteristics related to 13 motors we obtained the parameters of the interpolating parabolic curves of motors from 1.1 kW to 75 kW rated power. The proposed technique can be easily adopted in order to monitor the mechanical power of three phase induction motors using only one phase current transducer. Starting from the motor nameplate no experimental measurement or other data are necessary to estimate the mechanical power. This technique can be widely used in low cost multipoint measurement system able to monitor the mechanical power where no other transducer or voltage divider are necessary.

A Study of Inverter Drives and Its Ride Through Capabilities in Industrial Applications

In modern industry, majority of the mechanical elements are driven by either induction motors or special motors like servo motors, synchronous motors, BLDC motors. In order to drive the motors and to vary the speed of the motors, electronics drives are required. Since the drives are powered with three phase AC, if the power grid has power quality issue, which directly reflects on to the power electronics drives. As per Indian grid standards, power quality is defined as harmonics, surge, sag, swell, which was formulated in the year of 2003 and further revision was done in 2010. But in the recent day’s majority of the industries are constructed in same place (special economic zone), unpredicted industrial loads are increased and inserted in to existing running load, so eventually the power quality definition also changes and even sometimes connections are made as temporary for certain loads. Although these motors typically tolerate variations in utilization voltage, power quality professionals continue to spend a great deal of time answering questions about proper utilization voltage for a given motor. The voltage quality factors that create the most serious problems and confusion in the field include nominal utilization voltage that does not match the motor nameplate, proper voltage sag ride-through protection for the motor control circuitry, and phase-to-phase voltage imbalance. In review article, modern industry premises failure of components list and condition of power quality will be surveyed in various segments. Various failure of inverter drives namely, switching failure, commutation failure, common mode voltage problem, bearing current issues, harmonics etc., are discussed in details from various research article and presented in this review.

Universal Restart Strategy for Scalar (V/f) Controlled Induction Machines

This paper presents a universal flying restart strategy for scalar ( V/f ) controlled induction machines. The proposed method performs a frequency search to estimate the rotor speed, and applies the correct frequency and voltage to minimize the inrush current during the restart. This method uses the measured phase current and the motor nameplate parameters, thus making the approach ideal for scalar-controlled motor drives. In addition, the restart algorithm provides controllable restart dynamics, independent of the motor parameters. The main advantages of this method include simple and cost effective implementation without the need for additional sensors, and controllable restart dynamics independent of the motor parameters. Beyond the development of the algorithm, we consider implementation issues to provide a general guideline for the application of the developed algorithm.

A Proficient Approach for Monitoring Induction Motor by Integrating Embedded System with Wireless Sensor Network

In this paper aims at monitoring parameter of induction motor like current, voltage, torque and efficiency in real time by employing embedded system with wireless sensor networks. An embedded system is employed for acquiring electrical signals from the motor in a noninvasive manner, and then performing local processing for torque and efficiency estimation. The values calculated by the embedded system are transmitted to a monitoring unit through an IEEE 802.15.4-based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). At the base unit, various motors can be monitored in real time. The Air Gap Torque (AGT) method is used to find out the torque and efficiency in induction motor. It is used to measure efficiency in a much less invasive manner. The AGT method can be employed without interrupting the motor operation and it is not based on the motor nameplate. This method generally is more accurate than the other methods. The proposed model has a supervisor (PC) which Communicates with the remote terminal unit, processing the variable parameters and controlling the systems. The Receiver Terminal Unit (RTU) is a local controller in distributed processes environmental which acquires the data from sensors, process the collected data puts the required data together, forming the frame for transmitting to the Supervisory Controls (S.C). RTU also receives and processes Control commands from S.C. and executes them accordingly. The communication utilizes a full duplex communication for data transmission between S.C. and RTU. The communication through wireless by using Zigbee.

A Proficient Approach for Monitoring Induction Motor by Integrating Embedded System with Wireless Sensor Network

In this paper aims at monitoring parameter of induction motor like current, voltage, torque and efficiency in real time by employing embedded system with wireless sensor networks. An embedded system is employed for acquiring electrical signals from the motor in a noninvasive manner, and then performing local processing for torque and efficiency estimation. The values calculated by the embedded system are transmitted to a monitoring unit through an IEEE 802.15.4-based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). At the base unit, various motors can be monitored in real time. The Air Gap Torque (AGT) method is used to find out the torque and efficiency in induction motor. It is used to measure efficiency in a much less invasive manner. The AGT method can be employed without interrupting the motor operation and it is not based on the motor nameplate. This method generally is more accurate than the other methods. The proposed model has a supervisor (PC) which Communicates with the remote terminal unit, processing the variable parameters and controlling the systems. The Receiver Terminal Unit (RTU) is a local controller in distributed processes environmental which acquires the data from sensors, process the collected data puts the required data together, forming the frame for transmitting to the Supervisory Controls (S.C). RTU also receives and processes Control commands from S.C. and executes them accordingly. The communication utilizes a full duplex communication for data transmission between S.C. and RTU. The communication through wireless by using Zigbee.