Moral Values Of Society Research Articles

Anti-public transaction: separate principles

It is indicated that the system of rules on the invalidity of transactions is central to civil law, since it is a key mechanism for ensuring the legality and reliability of property turnover, as well as a guarantee of protection of legitimate interests of conscientious participants of civil legal relations. Among the numerous grounds for the recognition of transactions invalid, their contradiction to the principles of law and order, established by the moral values of society and imperative prescriptions of legislation is of particular importance. The article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the legal regime of transactions in civil law of Ukraine. A critical analysis of existing scientific approaches to understanding the legal regime of transactions and its elements has been carried out. It is substantiated that the design of the legal regime of transactions proposed in the scientific literature is excessively complicated and does not fully correspond to the established understanding of the legal regime as a special order of regulation, which is expressed in the complex of legal means. It is proved that the term «legal regime» is traditionally applied to the objects of law and means the method of acquiring and the order and limits of exercising rights in respect of such object of law. Particular attention is paid to the critical analysis of the category of «non-happening transaction». It is established that this category is logical in terms of the theory of legal facts and is of no practical importance, since cases of failure to reach the purpose of the transaction are already regulated by special rules of civil law. It is not despicable to introduce such a category into scientific circulation and legislation, as this can lead to an unjustified complication of legal regulation and law enforcement practice. On the basis of the analysis of case law revealed the problems of application of Art. 228 of the Civil Code of Ukraine on the declaration of transactions invalid as violation of public order. It is established that the courts sometimes unreasonably apply this rule to transactions that violate private rights and interests, not public order. It is proposed to distinguish between public order transactions from transactions that violate the private rights and interests of persons. The need to improve theoretical approaches to understanding the legal regime of transactions and the practice of applying the legislation on invalidity of transactions is substantiated. Proposals for improving the legal regulation of relations in the field of committing and invalidating the transactions that violate public order are formulated.

Analisis Struktur Narasi dalam Cerita Rakyat Nusantara : Studi pada Cerita Malin Kundang

This research aims to analyze the narrative structure in Indonesian folklore with a focus on the story "Malin Kundang". The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to explore narrative elements such as plot, characters, setting, themes and moral messages. Data was obtained through literature study from various folklore sources that tell the story of "Malin Kundang". The research results show that this story has a chronological narrative structure, starting from introduction, conflict escalation, climax, to resolution. The theme of this story is a child's disobedience towards his mother, which ends with a deep moral message. This research emphasizes the importance of Indonesian folklore as a medium for conveying moral values ​​in society. The research results show that the story "Malin Kundang" has a clear narrative structure, with a chronologically structured plot, starting with the introduction of the characters and background, followed by conflict escalation, the climax of the story, and a moral message at the end of the story. The theme of this story is a child's disobedience to his mother and the consequences. In short, the narrative structure of the story "Malin Kundang" conveys deep moral values ​​and is entertaining. This study also shows that the structure of Indonesian folklore often contains strong moral messages.

Prospects for the Development of Genealogy in Russia as a Socio-Cultural Institution

Introduction. Based on a generalization of approaches to defining the concept of “sociocultural institution” and highlighting its inherent characteristics, in this article the author attempts to identify the status of genealogical research in Russia, which attracts an interest from an increasing number of people. The main goal and task set by the author is to determine the prospects for the development of genealogical research in Russia and the possibility of transforming its status to the level of a sociocultural institution. Methodology and sources. The author relies on the works of domestic and foreign researchers on the problem of institutionalization in culture (such as M. Weber, Au. Comte, M. Hauriou, E. Durkheim, P. Sorokin, A.A. Radugin, O.A. Radugina, etc.), on the problems of human satisfaction of values (G. Hegel and K. Marx). The author also used articles and abstracts of dissertations on genealogy from 2000 to 2024, materials of social networks and podcasts: “GEN-TOK”, “History of you & GENTECH”, “Living Book” by I. Bivol, electronic journal “Genealogy for the whole family”, etc., video materials of GENTECH festivals. Results and discussion. When considering the main features of a sociocultural institution and drawing a parallel with the level of demand for genealogical research, the author focuses on the diversity of meanings in the content of the activities carried out by participants in this process. Summarizing the functions that genealogical research could perform in the formation of spiritual and moral values of society, the author draw the parallel with the provisions of Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of February 28, 2024 N 145 “On the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation”. Conclusion. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that genealogical research in Russia is currently more of a sociocultural activity, about which we have heard a lot and know little. It has not become a familiar form, and, therefore, in demand and understandable for the majority of Russian families, but it has every chance of becoming not only a factor in their unity and the formation of historical memory, but also a traditional socio-cultural activity that is the norm in society, and not the exception.

MORAL EDUCATION IN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE IN THE 20-30s OF THE XX CENTURY: HISTORICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL REFLECTION

The article analyses the specifics of moral education in correctional institutions of Ukraine in the historical and pedagogical context. The relevance of the research problem of moral education in correctional institutions of Ukraine in the 20-30s of the XX century has been substantiated. The author characterises the establishment of the system of correctional institutions in Ukraine following the resolutions, circulars, and codes of the 1920s and 1930s. At this time, a new means of educational influence had launched in correctional institutions – «educational and upbringing work», an integral part of which was educational work, including socio-political, moral, labour, physical, hygienic, and sex education. The paper proves that the moral education of convicts implies acquaintance with the moral values of society, formation of personal qualities of the convict, his/her life position, and establishment of moral principles and norms, moral ideals and beliefs, and moral values. It has been proved that, by the socio-political and economic factors of the country's development, approaches to moral education, as well as forms and methods of its implementation, had changed in correctional institutions. Educational work was guided by state-level regulations, as well as by the various local regulations of each institution. The Corrective Labour Code of the USSR (1925) provided for the following forms and methods: forced labour, reading aloud, conversations, lectures, work in workshops, performances, concerts, literary evenings, literary courts, friendly courts, debates, live newspapers, etc. The author describes the practice of moral education in the Poltava labour colony named after M. Horky headed by A. Makarenko (1920-1928), the Poltava agricultural colony named after V. Korolenko (1919-1933), the Chutovo colony «Pioneer» named after May 1st (1920-1925), and the colony-commune «Okhtyrka Children's Town» (1922-1932).

Keberadaan Pondok Pesantren terhadap Masyarakat Sekitar

Pesantren is a traditional Islamic educational institution that serves various functions, such as instilling religious values, fostering creativity, and playing a role in community development. Pesantren also influences the religious attitudes of the surrounding community through quality religious education and the shaping of social attitudes. This research aims to analyze the impact of the presence of Pondok Pesantren Alfattah on the religious attitudes of the surrounding community. Pondok pesantren is an Islamic educational institution with a crucial role in shaping religious and moral values in society. This study discusses Pondok Pesantren Alfattah as the object of study, located in the Buduran Subdistrict. This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data is gathered through in-depth interviews with community leaders, pesantren instructors, and several residents living around the pesantren. Additionally, participatory observation is used to understand the day-to-day activities at the pesantren and their impact on the surrounding community. The research results reveal the positive impact of the existence of Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) on the religious attitudes of the community within a radius of 0.2-2.2 kilometers from Pondok Pesantren Al-Fattah. Data collection methods involve interviews, observations, and the collection of relevant documents. Data is analyzed inductively to draw general conclusions about the pesantren's impact on the religious attitudes of the surrounding community.

Moral Inheritance and Practice of Dayu Culture in College Education under the Threshold of Cultural Confidence

This thesis aims to explore the moral transmission and practice of Dayu culture in college education under the threshold of cultural self-confidence, analyze the status quo and challenges of the moral transmission of Dayu culture through an in-depth understanding of Dayu culture and the application of the concept of cultural self-confidence, and put forward the strategies and measures to promote the practice of the moral transmission of Dayu culture in college education under the threshold of cultural self-confidence, so as to provide a new impetus and direction, which will help stimulate contemporary college students' pride in and identification with traditional culture, and promote the dissemination and practice of traditional moral values in society.

Legal Regulation of the Activities of Religious Associations: Issues of Theory and Practice

Objective: The article proposes the study of the legal basis for the activities of religious associations in the context of legal and regulatory framework. Theoretical framework: The study is based on international scientific publications, reports, scientific papers. And also for a more complete and objective presentation of the problem under study, practical materials in the area under study were used. Method: The study was conducted on general and private legal methods were used to fully cover the problems of legal regulation of the activities of religious associations. Results and conclusion: Religious associations are an integral part of the dynamic development of the sphere of religion in the country. In modern times, religion takes the most active part in solving the problems of globalization, most consistently opposing it. Remaining, for the most part, a unifying principle and having a complex system of horizontal connections and institutional relations, religion can serve as an effective tool for regulating global trends. Globalization, dictating the contours of a new world order, can have many negative consequences, leading to the destruction of original cultures and oblivion of the religious and moral values of society, or vice versa. Under these conditions, religious identity becomes an expression of those very unfulfilled hopes and hopes in the world of real social relations, including the ideals of the social arrangement of the world. The positive, evolutionary formation of confessional identity in different parts of the world is being disrupted everywhere by the revolutionary and chaotic impulse of modernization. Originality/value: The authors propose an approach of the scientific research lies in the fact that various religious associations, their relationship and influence on a person and society as a whole were covered. Remaining, for the most part, a unifying principle and having a complex system of horizontal connections and institutional relations, religion can serve as an effective tool for regulating global trends.

Anti-corruption policy of Ukraine in the context of war

The article examines the peculiarities of national anti-corruption policy in the light of European integration processes, civil society development and full-scale war.
 It is noted that the negative impact of corruption is additionally manifested in the decline of the authority of the country, state authorities, moral values ​in society, it causes the penetration of a criminal component into state-management and social relations, as well as undermines the economic and political foundations of the state, blocks the inflow of foreign investments, which leads to shadowing of the economy.
 The concept of the index of perception of corruption and anti-corruption policy, its normative basis and institutional support are characterized. Comprehensive approaches to the development and implementation of changes to reduce the level of corruption in certain spheres of the state's life have been analyzed. The key shortcomings of the modern anti-corruption policy are outlined.It is substantiated that the important conditions for preserving the sovereignty of the state and restoring its territorial integrity are the proper armed repulsion of the invaders' encroachments, the provision of socio-economic foundations and political stability in the country. In these conditions, combating corruption continues to be a priority area of ​state policy and requires the state leadership to implement further radical anti-corruption measures in the state administration system. It has been proven that, along with repelling military aggression, the fight against corruption should be an equally urgent priority for all state authorities todayIt is emphasized that the issue of preventing and countering corruption, the formation of anti-corruption state policy does not lose its relevance neither during martial law nor in the post-war period. It was noted that Ukraine shows significant changes in this regard, despite the fact that almost all the resources of the state and society are now directed to the protection against unprovoked military aggression of the Russian Federation.Ways of improving the methodology of development and implementation of anti-corruption policy, taking into account the corruption perception index, are proposed.

Building Integrated Knowledge and Developing Student Character in Civic Education Learning

Organizing learning for teachers who have the role of designing or designing learning, carrying out learning, and assessing learning in carrying out assignments is required not only to seek intellectual abilities/intelligence, skills, but also to have good character behavior attitudes. Likewise in learning Citizenship Education (Civics) from these needs this research was conducted to describe building integrated knowledge to develop the character of students in learning Citizenship Education. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 27, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency. Sampling technique using snowball sampling Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the research revealed that the process of building integrated knowledge developing character is applied in teacher activities using trigger questions asking moral experiences to connect students with learning material, conducting studies of subject matter by presenting problems in society, events that occur in society, local community culture, customary values -moral values in society. Obstacles faced by the ability of teachers who only focus on understanding the management of learning on knowledge of the material being studied and have not been solidly integrated for developing student character, the use of learning resources still depends on the teacher has not varied for students to find and practice character, and the hours of Civics lessons are limited. Learning efforts are carried out using problems that occur in society, local wisdom culture, moral values that have become customary in the community in facilitating studies to serve learning in finding material information and making students discover the characters that must be possessed from their environment.

Integration of science and education as an effective means of preserving and strengthening spiritual and moral values

Importance. In the modern world, the preservation and strengthening of spiritual and moral values is one of the main tasks of society. In this process, science and education play a key role, as they form the worldview and value orientations of people. The preservation of national identity and the strengthening of spiritual and moral values make it possible to create favorable conditions for the development of each citizen, and also contributes to the formation of a new, higher culture of relations within society and between nations. Research methods. The theoretical basis of the research is an interdisciplinary approach that allows analyzing educational practice in the context of, on the one hand, pedagogical approaches, on the other hand, socio-cultural changes taking place in society. The research is based on empirical generalization, analysis and interpretation of scientific literature, practical developments on the problem of preserving and strengthening the spiritual and moral values of the individual in society. Results and Discussion. The types of spiritual and moral values that play an important role in the formation of people’s worldview and behavior are revealed; programs that contribute to the development of spiritual and moral values of the individual are analyzed; technologies that allow using the latest scientific achievements to form value orientations of the individual through the integration of science and education are characterized. Conclusion. The integration of science and education is a key factor in the preservation and strengthening of spiritual and moral values in society. It allows you to use a scientific approach to solve problems related to the development of values, as well as to create new programs and projects aimed at teaching interpersonal communication skills, emotional self-regulation and conflictology. It is important that education is focused on personal development and respect for different cultures and traditions.

The Issues of Art and the Artist in Karol Wojtyła’s Literary Works

The relevance of the selected research topic, especially the meaning of art and the artist in Karol Wojtyła’s poems, arises from the current growing crisis of civilization, in which modern man does not occupy a key place, but gets lost in the technological space and armed conflicts. The subject of this study is the concept of ethics, the moral character of man in the role of God’s co-creator of the world, which is omnipresent in K. Wojtyła’s poems. It is not only about religious foundations, but also about the integral human essence inherent in the behavior of a person. This is ethical personalism, a theory developed by John Paul II at an early stage of his career. It dominates the sphere of images, motifs, stylistic figures, etc. The individual is at the center of John Paul II’s thinking as a poet and thinker. Based on the ethical personalism developed by the author himself, we have traced the main directions of the spiritual renewal of the individual and of the society indicated by him. It is not only about a separate nation or nationality, but also about an integral human community to which Karol Wojtyła spoke in his works. Based on the analysis of the poems, it was concluded that the categories of artist and art are presented in Karol Wojtyła’s poetry in various ways, taking into account the horizontal and vertical peculiarities of their semantics, have a universal resonance, and contribute to the development of patriotism and moral values of society.

Vernadsky's concept of the noosphere and its reflection in ethical and moral values of society

The paper assesses the topicality of Vernadsky's concept of the noosphere, coined over almost twenty years starting in the early 20th century. Emphasizing the uniqueness of Vernadsky's concept of the noosphere as the transformation of the biosphere by a man using reason, we concentrate on the assessment of the utopian or realistic nature of his vision of the future of humanity. Based on the philosophical case-studies analysis, it identifies the ideological roots of the noosphere concept, the development of views on the concept in time, the role of reason and scientific thinking, the opinions of its supporters and critics, and Moiseev's related concept of co-evolution. We point out the correlation between Vernadsky's concept of the noosphere and Moiseev's bifurcation and his two imperatives as necessary conditions for the co-evolution of nature and man. We document that Vernadský did not only think about the positive role of reason in the creation and development of the noosphere, but he was also aware of the possibility of its misuse. We compare Vernadsky's idea of the collective reason creation with Kurzweil's concept of technological singularity, Crutzen's concept of the Anthropocene, Haff's concept of the technosphere and Cer's scenario of the possible future development towards the creation of tech subjects and the replacement of the biosphere with the technosphere. We also assess the possibility of approximating essential concept-forming elements, i.e. philosophical categories, collective reason, the collective intelligence of humanity, and scientific knowledge facilitated by information and communication technology. Ultimately, conclusions concerning the topicality of Vernadsky's concept of noosphere are formulated. We argue that Vernadský's concept of the noosphere is timeless and should be taken not as a utopia but, on the contrary, as a scenario of possible development along the line of geosphere – biosphere – noosphere, prospectively with its transfer to the cosmic dimension.

Traditional Values of Russian Society in the Digital Age

The process of digitalization is closely related to global changes in society. Due to the ongoing social changes associated with the development of the information society, there is a crisis in the system of values and value orientations. The study of the state of traditional values and spiritual and moral guidelines in Russian society in the era of information digitalization becomes relevant. This work aims to identify the attitude of Russian society to the preservation of traditional values in the digital age. The novelty lies in identifying the readiness of Russian society to preserve and strengthen spiritual and moral values in the process of adapting to the new reality of the digital age. Methodology and research methods. With the help of content analysis and discourse analysis, the categories of formation of cultural attitudes in Russian society were determined, a list of traditional values was identifi ed, and differences were found in the value orientations of Russian, European, and American cultures. With the help of historical, statistical and comparative analysis of documentary sources, the problems of the digitalization process in Russian society in the context of spiritual and moral values are revealed. An analysis of surveys conducted over the past three years by the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center on attitudes towards traditional values in human life and the role of the state in preserving spiritual and moral values in society revealed the desire of society to preserve and strengthen “traditional values”. When considering communicative state strategies in the fi eld of strengthening and preserving spiritual and moral values, the problems of low effi - ciency of these strategies were identifi ed. We also revealed the infl uence of European and American propaganda on the system of Russian values. The results of this work show that state communication strategies for the preservation of traditional and spiritual and moral values need to be fi nalized and improved in practice. Also, the results obtained can be in demand by researchers in the fi eld of social journalism and media literacy.

Managing Strategies to Revitalize Urban Cultural Heritage after Wars: The Center of the Old City of Mosul as a Case Study

This research deals with the process of reviving urban heritage, especially in old cities after the war, due to their symbolic and moral values in society. By studying the reality of the city and its destructed heritage features, there was a local need to study the integrated strategies of the urban heritage revival process to reach indicators that are drawn from international experiences and the curricula and studies of international organizations (ICOMOS, World Bank, UN-Habitat, IOM) that interested in cultural heritage and to use these indicators in evaluating local projects in the center of the old city of Mosul which was chosen as a case study for this research, due to its historical and civilizational importance, which has contributed greatly to the formation of the city of Mosul through the ages, and as this city has witnessed deliberate sabotage of its urban heritage due to the terrorist acts witnessed before its liberation.

ANALISIS LUNTURNYA MORAL BANGSA DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN BUDI PEKERTI KI HADJAR DEWANTARA

This study aims to determine the concept of fading Moral of the Nation in the Educational Perspective of Ki Hadjar Dewantara's Character Education. This research is motivated by the fading of the nation's moral values ​​in society, including:
 many cases or actions that deviate from moral values which leads to moral decline. Many moral rules often violated because it is considered old-fashioned and outdated, especially in the eyes of today's youth. Moral and virtuous character itself is a standard of good and bad for individuals in it there are moral, social, and cultural values ​​as social members. Ki Hadjar Dewantara stated that character education supports growth and development of children's lives physically and mentally. This research uses the method qualitative research with a phenomenological study design that took place in Kampung Kosambi, Cibodas Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency. Source The data used are primary and secondary data sources. Technique data collection using observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained and collected are then analyzed analysis with data reduction techniques, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. This research can be concluded that the factors that cause moral decline in the perspective of character education Ki Hadjar Derwantara is the parenting style of parents, the community, friends, and the times.

СТРАТЕГІЇ МОВЛЕННЄВОГО ВПЛИВУ В ДИСКУРСІ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ РЕКЛАМИ (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ ФРАНЦУЗЬКОЇ ТА УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВ)

The article raises the problem of social advertising as one of the varieties of influential social and institutional communication. In particular, in a comparative aspect, strategies and means of the speech impact realizing of the French and Ukrainian discourses of social advertising on the recipient are established. It was found that social advertising, which plays an important role in the formation of norms and moral values of society, simultaneously performs a number of functions, namely: informative, educational, economic, social-regulatory, and the like. The identification of linguistic and paralinguistic means of advertising messages influence on the addressee allows us to conclude that speech impact is the basic component of the social advertising discourse, which changes the consciousness, behavior, desires and intentions of the recipient. The level of perception, awareness, memorization of socially important information by the addressee depends on the advertising text structuring, in particular on the selection of linguistic means. The study of the means of the pragmatic potential realizing of the social advertising discourse in French and Ukrainian languages made it possible to identify strategies for achieving speech impact, namely, the self-doubt overcoming, the confidence achievement, the emotions influence, the categoricalness manifestation, the instant attention attraction, the reassurance, the warning etc. It was found that the pragmatic influence of advertising texts on the recipient in both Ukrainian and French is attained by the use of modal verbs, the pronoun you, exclamation and interrogative sentences, possessive pronouns and adjectives yours, your, the indefinite form of the verb, the expletive words, expressive adjectives, tropes, non-verbal means (print, capital letters, images), the emphasis turns. In French social advertising texts, a poetic form was also found.

Teachers and Students appraisal of Secondary School as Custodian of Moral Values

This study examines how secondary school plays its role as a custodian of moral values in society. What it takes to teach moral values in the school. What are the facilities, subjects, punishments, as well as teaching methods adopted by the school? All these are what the study set out to examine. This was verified using 15 purposively sampled secondary schools in the Sokoto metropolis. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. A questionnaire with psychometrics properties of 0.72 and 0.81 for validity and reliability respectively, was used to elicit the needed data from the respondents which constituted both teachers and students of the selected schools. The findings reveal the current state secondary school Sokoto state lacks in its role to serve as a custodian of moral values, from its facilities, subjects, enforcing conformity, and teaching strategies. In conclusion, for secondary school to perform its role as custodian of moral values, it was recommended among others that there should be the provision of more facilities conducive to teaching and learning in the schools to enable the secondary school plays its role as a custodian of moral values in the society.

FACTORS OF FORMATION OF HUMAN DIGNITY IN THE MORAL CULTURE OF THE PEOPLE

The problem of the values of Ukrainian society is one of the most important and debatable problems in modern scientific discourse. This is due to the transition of our state from the traditional model of the state, in which there is authoritarianism, secrecy, to a socially oriented society and a democratic, open state.Accordingly, there is a change in values, which is an integral part of the existence of any society and state. To replace the Soviet system of declaration of surrogatecollective, paternalistic values, which existed for several decades, a new system is formed, which provides a clear orientation of Ukrainians to European values, the significant achievements of the Ukrainian people, the moral recovery of society, increasing values and culture of civil society. Honor and dignity of Ukrainians, which is an indispensable basis for the development of moral culture of society.The purpose and objectives of the article. Based on the achievements of modern science and philosophy, to analyze the essence of the moral culture of the people, the place of human dignity and its importance in moral culture; to characterize and classify the main factors of dignity formation in the moral culture of the people. The research methodology is complex and is based on philosophical-anthropological and philosophical-cultural analysis of the problems of formation of moral culture of the Ukrainian people and its structural element - human dignity. Research results.The most important, synthetic, integral consequence of human development is moral culture. Moral culture is the level of assimilation by an individual or a group of people of existing moral values in society, the degree of their involvement in the moral aspects of activity, a measure of personal moral development. Practical and spiritual factors include, first of all, ethnic stereotypes specific to a certain people (traditions, customs, rituals, typical traits of character and behavior, dominant emotions, folk crafts, entertainment, games), as well as historical memory, established symbols, folk shrines. Historical memory, preserving every page of life, the people’s struggle for social, political and national rights at all stages of its development, serves as a solid foundation on which national self-consciousness is successfully formed.Institutional factors are important for the formation of dignity in the moral culture of the people. These include nation- and state-building activities of public authorities, national elite, political parties, religious and public organizations. If the state creates conditions in society for the assimilation of the historical and cultural experience accumulated by the nation, it contributes to the education of national self-esteem, ie awareness of community members of their belonging to the nation, their duty to the community of like-minded people. Conclusions. Summarizing the results of the study, we can formulate the following conclusions. Human dignity in the moral culture of the Ukrainian people is the result of the interaction of a combination of many factors that determine its structure and content. The process of its formation is quite long, complex and contradictory. This is due to the fact that it is human dignity that provides the spiritual, ideological foundation for the functioning of national communities, contributing to the development of promising guidelines for the development of the nation and the state.

Teachers and Students Appraisal of Secondary School as Custodian of Moral Values

Abstract. This study examines how secondary school plays its role as a custodian of moral values in society. What it takes to teach moral values in the school. What are the facilities, subjects, punishments, as well as teaching methods adopted by the school? All these are what the study set out to examine. This was verified using 15 purposively sampled secondary schools in the Sokoto metropolis. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. A questionnaire with psychometrics properties of 0.72 and 0.81 for validity and reliability respectively, was used to elicit the needed data from the respondents which constituted both teachers and students of the selected schools. The findings reveal the current state secondary school Sokoto state lacks in its role to serve as a custodian of moral values, from its facilities, subjects, enforcing conformity, and teaching strategies. In conclusion, for secondary school to perform its role as custodian of moral values, it was recommended among others that there should be the provision of more facilities conducive to teaching and learning in the schools to enable the secondary school plays its role as a custodian of moral values in the society.

Significance of value dynamics of the 20th-century Russian constitutionalism

The article presents the author’s vision of the process of politicallegal and constitutional development of Russia during the twentieth century, features of the dynamics of the values of society enshrined in the constitutions. The fruitfulness of the application of the civilizational approach to the assessment of the lessons of the constitutional development of Russia, the key role of the spiritual and moral values of society, especially the Orthodox tradition, is argued. The constitutional reform of 2020 in our country put an end to the undivided rule of neoliberalism in the state development of our Fatherland, but did not solve all the constitutional and legal issues. An unchangeable part of the Russian constitution, it enshrines not only the foundations of the Russian state system, human rights and freedoms, but also our civilizational capitulation. It is impossible to say otherwise, seeing the regulated inferiority of sovereignty and the constitutional triumph of nihilism, embodied in the prohibition of any state or mandatory ideology, in the equality of all ideologies, that there is an equalization of good and evil.