Stressful life events (SLEs) are known to be associated with an increased prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs), but the potential moderating role of psychological well-being has not been comprehensively studied. In total, 6194 adults aged 18-75 years were interviewed for the third Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS-3). Assessments included the adapted Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI v3.0) to determine DSM-5 mood, anxiety and substance use disorders, Brugha's List of Threatening Experiences for SLEs, and Brief INSPIRE-O for psychological well-being. Logistic regressions tested associations between having experienced at least two SLEs and the different CMDs and additive interactions with psychological well-being. Having experienced ≥ 2 SLEs in the last year was associated with a higher prevalence of all CMDs in the last year, with adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.71 (95% CI: 1.39; 2.10) for substance use disorders to 3.43 (95% CI: 2.73; 4.30) for mood disorders. The interaction effect of ≥ 2 SLEs and low psychological well-being was statistically significant for any CMD (RERI = 5.64, 95% CI: 3.18; 8.10), mood disorder (RERI = 23.09, 95% CI: 10.10; 36.10) and anxiety disorder (RERI = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.27; 5.63), but not for substance use disorder (RERI = 0.21, 95% CI: -1.38; 1.80). The joint presence of ≥ 2 SLEs and poor psychological well-being was associated with a higher prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders than would be expected from the sum of their individual associations. Promoting psychological well-being may be a fruitful public mental health strategy to increase resilience against SLEs.

Identifying suicide attempt risk in mood disorders: A multivariate analysis from a specialized clinic.

Despite significant advancements in psychopharmacology, there are inadequate treatment options for many psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders. This review explores emerging neurobiological targets beyond conventional monoaminergic approaches, focusing on sodium channels, Neuropeptide Y (NPY), Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors, P2 × 7 purinergic receptors, Sigma-1 receptors, and Orexin. Recent evidence suggests that sodium channel modulators, such as evenamide, may offer therapeutic benefits for treatment-resistant schizophrenia by stabilizing glutamatergic neurotransmission. NPY-based therapies have potential in stress-related disorders, foreshadowing rapid anxiolytic and antidepressant effects through modulation of the stress response. NK1 receptor antagonists, although inconsistent in mood disorders, show promise in addiction treatment by reducing substance cravings. The P2 × 7 receptor, a key regulator of neuroinflammation, has been implicated in mood disorders, and its pharmacological inhibition may provide neuroprotective benefits. Additionally, Sigma-1 receptor agonists, including Blarcamesine and Pridopidine, have shown neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties, making them attractive candidates for psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Orexin receptor antagonists, such as suvorexant and seltorexant, have potential in mood disorders and substance dependence, highlighting the broader therapeutic applications of targeting the orexinergic system. While these emerging therapeutic targets hold promise, challenges remain in translating preclinical findings into effective clinical applications. Large-scale, placebo-controlled trials are necessary to establish their efficacy and safety. The identification of biomarkers for patient stratification will be critical in the hitherto elusive goal of developing precision medicine approaches. Targeted pharmacological interventions offer a path toward more effective, well-tolerated, and potentially individualized treatment options for patients with severe mental illness.

Daily coffee drinking and mental health outcomes: Sex differences and the role of caffeine metabolism genotypes.

Materials and device architectures for cortisol detection: Mechanisms, measurement technologies, and clinical implications.

A case-controlled study of serum BDNF, GDNF, and NGF levels in autistic youth with and without bipolar disorder.

Decoding the social mind in depression: A computational dissociation between explicit trust and implicit belief updating.

Doctors can agree: Enhancing interrater reliability of mental health diagnosis among junior psychiatrists using electronic clinician assisting technology.

This engagement award project evaluated the preliminary effectiveness of a culturally tailored psychoeducation session aimed at reducing mental health stigma among African American women and their social support networks.Participants included 25 community members, including African American women of reproductive age and members of their social support networks, engaged in a two-hour psychoeducation group session. This session addressed perinatal mood disorders, cultural and historical factors contributing to mental health stigma, impacts of untreated conditions, and culturally appropriate resources. Participants completed the Stigmatized Attitudes Toward Mental Illness Scale (SATMIS) before and after the psychoeducation session, along with a satisfaction questionnaire.Analysis revealed a large (Cohen's d = 0.98), significant reduction in stigmatized attitudes toward mental illness from pre-session (M = 62.4, SD = 10.2) to post-session (M = 48.9, SD = 9.7; p < .001). Most (92%) participants reported high satisfaction with the psychoeducation session.This engagement project provides preliminary evidence that a brief, culturally tailored psychoeducation group session can effectively reduce mental health stigma among African American women and their support networks. Given the disproportionate burden of perinatal mood and anxiety disorder (PMADs) and maternal mortality among African American women, this approach shows potential for addressing a significant barrier to mental health care utilization in this population.

Psychological stress, anxiety, depression, memory impairment, and poor sleep quality are prevalent issues that affect individuals' quality of life and overall health. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been suggested to have mood-regulating effects. However, there is lack of data on the effect of omega-3 supplementation on depression, stress, anxiety, everyday memory, and sleep quality on Saudi population. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of omega-3 supplementation on stress, anxiety, depression, everyday memory, and sleep quality in individuals with severe psychological distress. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted involving 64 participants with high levels of stress, anxiety, depression, memory issues and with poor quality of sleep with 32 allocated to the intervention group and 32 to the control group. The participants received either omega-3 supplementation (500mg EPA+250mg DHA) or a placebo daily for three months. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted using validated scales, including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Everyday Memory Questionnaire (EMQ). Significant improvements were observed in the intervention group regarding stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and memory outcomes (p<0.001 for PSS, GAD-7, PHQ-9, PSQI, and EMQ). Between-group comparisons showed statistically significant reductions in post-intervention scores for the intervention group versus the control group. Regression analysis revealed strong predictive relationships between pre- and post-scores, particularly for stress and depression. Omega-3 supplementation resulted in notable psychological and cognitive improvements, suggesting its potential as a safe and effective adjunct for managing stress, mood disorders, and sleep disturbances among participants with psychological distress. Further research should explore how individual responses are influenced by baseline inflammation and omega-3 status. gov: NCT07157241.

Ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neurons mediate electroacupuncture relief of stress-induced depression in mice.

Diankuang Mengxing Decoction exerts neuroprotective effects in post-stroke depression by mediating the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via TREM2.

Efficacy of escitalopram plus tandospirone in treating vascular depressive mood disorder: A 12-week single-center randomized controlled trial.

Widespread cortical thinning and subcortical alterations in mood and psychotic disorders across first-episode and chronic stages.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) persists into adulthood in up to 60% of cases, affecting 2.5-6.8% of adults worldwide, with high comorbidity rates of mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, and significant functional impairments, such as reduced quality of life, increased mortality, and economic burden. This review synthesizes etiological factors, including neuroimaging evidence of fronto-striatal and default mode network disruptions, high heritability up to 70-80% driven by common, polygenic and rare variants, and environmental risk factors. Treatment emphasizes multimodal approaches, with stimulants as first-line pharmacotherapy due to their superior efficacy over non-stimulants like atomoxetine and viloxazine. Novel agents in development, such as centanafadine triple reuptake inhibitor and solriamfetol target core symptoms and comorbidities, showing promising phase III results. Despite the high effect sizes of pharmacological treatment for ADHD, obstacles such as acceptance and adherence remain challenging. Neuromodulatory interventions, including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and neurofeedback, demonstrate moderate effects on inattention and executive function. Psychotherapeutic options, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)-based interventions, improve symptom management and emotional regulation, often as adjuncts to medication. The review highlights the need for personalized strategies addressing adherence, comorbidity, and long-term outcomes, emphasizing integrated care to mitigate ADHD's lifelong impact.

Neurobiological, molecular, and systemic mechanisms of exercise in the treatment of mental health disorders.

Psychometric properties of the Rapid Mood Screener (RMS)-Chinese version in adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depressive episodes.

Dieckol, a phlorotannin from Ecklonia cava, alleviates stress hormone-induced depressive-like behaviors through glucocorticoid receptor antagonism.

Novel methods for detecting hormone sensitive affective dysregulation in regularly cycling women: A proof-of-concept study.

Seasonal changes, particularly increased daylight exposure, are known to influence dopamine transporter (DAT) availability, potentially affecting mood disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aimed to evaluate seasonal variations in the striatum using ¹²³I-FP-CIT SPECT in patients with MDD, and examine associations with specific psychopathological symptoms. In this retrospective study, DAT SPECT scans from 85 patients with MDD were analyzed according to the season of imaging-fall-winter (FW) or spring-summer (SS). Psychometric assessments included the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), and Depression Retardation Rating Scale (DRRS). No overall differences in DAT availability were observed between FW and SS. However, anhedonia levels were higher in FW (p = 0.050). Patients with severe depression (HAMD ≥ 25) showed lower DAT availability in the left putamen, especially during SS (p = 0.014). Patients with marked psychomotor retardation (DRRS ≥ 18) exhibited reduced DAT availability in the left putamen (p = 0.002), with further reductions across all striatal regions during SS. Patients with suicidal ideation showed decreased DAT in the right (p = 0.029) and left putamen (p = 0.015). A negative correlation was found between DRRS scores and left putamen DAT availability (p = 0.034). Reduced DAT availability is associated with key depressive symptoms, notably psychomotor retardation and suicidal ideation. Seasonal effects, especially in the SS period, may exacerbate dopaminergic dysregulation. These findings support integrating seasonal and neurobiological factors in the assessment and management of severe MDD.