Childhood experiences of economic disadvantage have harmful and long-lasting effects on child health. Early intervention can reduce some harms but it is unclear whether addressing economic disadvantage alongside psychosocial support yields additional benefits. This systematic scoping review aimed to identify evaluated programmes that integrate parenting support (PS) and financial well-being support (FWbS) for parents of children aged 0-19. The objectives were to describe programmes, relevant components, evaluation designs and impact on outcomes, and to consider if any programmes merit replication and testing in a UK context. Outcome or implementation evaluations of integrated PS and FWbS programmes published in English were included (no publication date or geographical limitations). A database search was supplemented by a programme registry search and consultation with parenting experts. Papers were screened independently by two reviewers. Data were extracted for: publication and study characteristics; programme description; evaluation method; measures used; and impact on outcomes (narrative description by study). Each data extraction record was checked by a second reviewer. Searches yielded 2988 (databases) and 346 (registries) articles and 20 programmes (expert consultation). After full text screening, 11 articles covering 11 programmes were included. All were targeted rather than universal. The majority principally offered PS with minimal FWbS (mostly money management). Theoretical justifications for integration of PS and FWbS were limited. Nine studies measured financial, parent health/well-being, parenting or child health/development outcomes; only two measured all four. Four studies measured implementation outcomes. Within-study impact on outcomes was mixed. Integrated PS*FWbS programmes are scarce and heterogeneous in design, content and evaluation. None should be replicated in the UK but components could be adopted and adapted in work to develop and evaluate theory-informed integrated PS*FWbS programmes.

Financial services can be defined as the products and services offered by financial institutions like banks of various kinds for the facilitation of various financial transactions and other related activities in the world of finance like loans, insurance, credit cards, investment opportunities and money management as well as providing information on the stock market and other issues like market trends. Financial Access is the significant aspect that shows the people’s ability to avail the financial products and services. With rapid urbanization and technological advancement, urban populations are increasingly exposed to diverse financial instruments, including banking, insurance, investment, and digital payment platforms. However, disparities in awareness, accessibility, and utilization persist across different demographic segments. For exploring the same present research study titled “A study on access and usages of financial products and Services among Urbanites has been undertaken to study the access and usage patterns of financial products and services among urban residents, focusing on their financial inclusion, literacy, and behavioral aspects. The paper also covers and various issues and challenges faced for availing basic financial products and services.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the prevalence, trend and effects of gambling on the students at the Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC) Mombasa Campus. As gambling is becoming more accepted via mobile and advertising, the research sought to evaluate the effects of gambling on student psychological health, academic achievement, and financial stability. Methodology: The study was descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 518 students in KMTC Mombasa Campus years 1-3. Structured questionnaires were used to gather data on demographics, gambling prevalence, types, frequency, and impacts. Chi-square tests and descriptive statistics were used to analyse associations between gambling behaviour and awareness of counselling services. Findings: The prevalence rate was high (67.2%), and men (77.3%) were more involved in gambling than women (55.2%). Most popular types included sports betting (38.6%) and Aviator (16.6%). The most common consequences were psychological distress (79.1%), financial instability (75.4%), and academic disruption (33.1%). While 86.9% agreed that gambling was an addictive activity, only 31.7% of the gamblers knew about the KMTC counselling services. Gambling is a major public health and educational problem among the KMTC students at Mombasa campus, and there is some clear evidence of there being psychological, financial and academic cost. If no measures are taken, the situation will worsen, with detrimental effects on the well-being and professional growth of the students. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Counselling centres to be set up at Mombasa campus, peer education and awareness campaigns to mitigate these harms. Financial literacy and responsible money management programs should be implemented, which are to be accompanied by the improvement and training of staff's competencies and gender responsive outreach programs to respond to different gambling profiles.

ABSTRACT In recent decades, the management of economic affairs has largely transitioned to digital platforms. Electronic identification and online money management have not only simplified individuals’ daily lives but have also introduced new methods for financially harming one’s partner or ex-partner. This study explores the various types of digitally facilitated economic abuse (DFEA) reported by clinical professionals who work with victim-survivors of violence. The data consist of 102 open-ended survey responses and four focus group interviews conducted with 15 participants. The findings suggest that DFEA can be categorized into two main types: digitally facilitated economic exploitation and digitally facilitated economic control. Digitally facilitated economic exploitation encompasses three distinct forms: The perpetrator (1) steals the victim’s money, (2) uses the victim’s identity to obtain financial benefits or (3) threatens to inflict financial harm. By contrast, digitally facilitated economic control involves 1) dominating victims of violence by taking control of their finances or 2) surveilling them through digital platforms, such as their online banking or loyalty card accounts. The motivation behind these actions differs from that of economic exploitation; it is not primarily for financial gain but rather a desire for control. Based on the findings of this study, there is a pressing need to critically examine digital practices and platforms to mitigate the potential for abuse. Preventing DFEA requires collaboration among a range of societal actors, including social and healthcare service providers, policymakers, law enforcement, prosecutors and financial and technology institutions.

ABSTRACT We drew a large online sample of U.S. adults (N = 1,174) to investigate the relationships between general well-being, financial self-efficacy, financial skill, financial anxiety, and financial well-being in June 2024. Additionally, we employed a longitudinal experimental survey design following the initial survey from June 2024 through July 2024 to test whether framing personal financial behaviors through a positive psychological well-being lens, compared to a traditional financial planning lens, contributes to enhanced financial well-being. The wave one data yielded empirical support for the broaden-and-build theory, showing that greater general well-being is associated with improved financial well-being, with financial skill/efficacy accounting for a future, but not current, time perspective. Financial anxiety crosses time perspectives through reduced expected future financial security and increased current money management stress. Group differences from the experimental survey were not detectable due to high attrition. We discuss implications for future research and experimental survey design.

Effective personal money management is increasingly challenged by expense leakage, which refers to the gradual and often unnoticed loss of money through unused subscriptions, repeated small transactions, and irregular spending behavior. Most existing budgeting tools focus on summarizing expenses after they occur and provide limited support for identifying hidden or inefficient spending patterns. The primary aim of this project is to assist individuals in managing their finances more effectively by detecting and reducing unnecessary expenses. This project presents a Personal Expense Leakage Detection and Budget Optimization system developed using Python and machine learning techniques, employing a dual-layer unsupervised learning framework in which the Isolation Forest algorithm is used to identify abnormal transactions such as unexpected charges and billing inconsistencies, while K-Means clustering groups frequent low-value transactions that may be overlooked individually but have a significant cumulative impact. The system further incorporates features such as identification of unused recurring subscriptions, prediction of end-of-month balance based on current spending trends, analysis of behavioral spending patterns to reduce impulsive purchases, and visualization of the long-term financial impact of small recurring expenses. Experimental evaluation using synthetic transaction data demonstrates that the proposed system is more effective than traditional rule-based budgeting methods in detecting hidden spending patterns, indicating that the integration of machine learning and behavioral analysis into personal finance tools can significantly improve money management, reduce financial waste, and support longterm financial stability.

This study examined the mediating role of financial literacy in the relationship between economic, social, and psychological determinants and the money management skills of college students in Calapan City. Utilizing a quantitative research design, data were gathered from 688 respondents at public higher education institutions in Calapan City through a structured, self-administered questionnaire. Random sampling was employed to ensure representative results, while data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and reliability testing via Cronbach’s alpha. Findings reveal that economic, social, and psychological factors significantly influence students’ money management skills in saving, budgeting, and investing. Specifically, psychological factors emerged as the most potent determinant of financial behavior. Furthermore, financial literacy demonstrated a significant mediating effect, serving as the critical mechanism that translates external and internal influences into practical money management skills. The results emphasize the necessity of institutionalizing financial literacy initiatives to bridge the theory-practice gap and foster responsible financial decision-making among students as they transition into the professional workforce.

Technology-enabled tasks to conduct financial transactions are ubiquitous around the world. In a recent survey, about 75% of the respondents endorsed the use of technology to perform financial activities such as reviewing bank statements and keeping track of money spent. However, assessment of financial decision-making (FDM) is limited by tasks that use traditional paper-and-pencil methods or by relying on self or informant reports. Furthermore, such tools have weak psychometric properties, are prone to biases, and are at times limited in scope. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop modern, technology-based tools that have strong psychometric properties and that can assess FDM comprehensively and accurately. This study aimed to develop and establish the psychometric properties of a novel, simulated Online Money Management (OMM) credit card task. Based on existing gaps identified in the literature, this task relied on objective measurement, assessed multiple dimensions within a single task, and mimicked a real-world task to bridge the gap between a controlled, clinical setting and real-world functioning. This was a prospective cohort study that enrolled cognitively healthy older adults. This study was funded by the National Institutes of Health. Various recruitment sites were involved, which allowed for the recruitment of older adults across the United States. The OMM task was developed in collaboration with an interdisciplinary team of computer scientists, economists, psychologists, and geriatricians. The tasks consist of both online and offline components, with subcomponents examining the ability to navigate, basic and complex credit card literacy, and statement monitoring. Data about participants' perception of their financial abilities and a self-report survey on financial exploitation were collected. The test battery consisted of an array of cognitive, financial, and psychosocial tasks. Participants provided written informed consent, and all procedures received institutional review board approval. Data collection began in September 2019, and enrollment stopped in July 2025. A total of 272 participants completed the baseline visit, while 147 completed the longitudinal follow-up visit. Data analysis is underway as of August 2025, and results are expected to be published in 2026. Rigorous standards have been deployed for developing this novel OMM credit card task. If the measurement properties of the task are found adequate, the OMM task can be used to assess FDM in clinical evaluations for early detection and prevention or mitigation of financial mismanagement.

There has been a spike in the purchase of virtual items among gamers due to the fast expansion of the online gaming market, especially on the Roblox platform. When gamers display a lack of self-control and a high intensity of acquiring virtual products, this phenomena may impact their conduct regarding personal money management. Irrational expenditure and a lack of financial stability could emerge from such circumstances. Partially and concurrently, this research intends to examine the impact of self-control and the intensity with which Roblox users in Karawang purchase virtual items on their financial management. An explanatory technique is used by this quantitative investigation. A total of 212 Roblox users in Karawang who had made virtual goods purchases in the past were surveyed using a purposive sample approach. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data with the help of SPSS version 26. A player's ability to exercise self-control affects their handling of their money, according to the findings. The intensity of buying virtual items also has a major impact on budgeting. Both factors impact Roblox users' ability to handle their money at the same time. The findings of this research should raise awareness about the significance of self-control while playing video games online and help advance digital financial literacy.

The "SK Pawning" phenomenon has become a unique phenomenon that is increasingly being carried out by civil servants at LPP RRI Tarakan. This phenomenon is an easy solution and the safest alternative to meet financial needs. The convenience provided by the banking sector includes fast service, affordable life insurance costs, low interest rates, and status that does not have to be civil servants (PNS), but those who are still CPNS and PPPK can still pawn SK to obtain loans with a tenor of up to 15 years. Having ASN status with a stable income is a privilege to obtain loans easily and quickly. The loan funds obtained are used for various purposes, ranging from consumption, paying debts, consumptive spending to purchasing assets. The amount of income owned by civil servants can influence behavior in managing their finances. A person's locus of control can also influence how individuals manage their money. The study aims to analyze Factors Influencing Financial Conduct of Government Employees: A Case Study at LPP RRI Tarakan. In this study, the researcher applied a quantitative approach with an ex-post facto research nature. The sample used in this study was all ASN as of November 2025. Data were examined using classical assumption procedures followed by multiple regression analysis method. Based on the F-test hypothesis analysis, the results obtained showed that the F_calculated value = 30.564 > F_table = 2.751. While Adj R² = 0.573 (57.3%) and ? Income = 0.725; ? FinLit = 0.495; ? LOC = 0.414. The results the findings demonstrate that financial knowledge, earnings, and self-control orientation significantly enhance financial conduct. The existence of good financial knowledge, income and locus of control can influence ASN at LPP RRI Tarakan enabling better money management, lowering economic pressure, and enhancing quality of life.

In this study, attempts are made to utilize the deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based models for predicting stock market and investment strategy optimization. We compare three DRL architectures, Deep Q-Network (DQN), Double Deep Q-Network (Double DQN) and Dueling Deep Q-Network (Dueling DQN), on the Pakistan Stock Exchange. We adopt an empirical approach from a set of 30 stocks in combination with descriptive statistical analysis to evaluate representativeness. The results indicate that the three kinds of models can all earn positive profits and Double DQN maintains the most average profits in both training dataset and test dataset. We then attempt to mitigate the potential overfit and analyze implications for trading strategies. In addition, we consider personality and nonconvex heuristic money and risk management in a mathematical agent-based model to study the foraging behavior of a population of interacting, moving agents in an assigned background.

In today's complex economic environment, financial literacy among college students has become essential. Gaps in financial literacy significantly influence youths? financial decisions, while financial anxiety is an increasing socio-economic and psychological concern in higher education. This research focuses on assessing the level of financial literacy of undergraduate students in the Pune region. A structured survey of 150 students from Arts, Science and Commerce stream was taken to study the relationship between financial literacy and budgeting behavior of the students. This was examined through Regression and Correlation analysis where we understood the link between money management, financial literacy and anxiety. Recent research work by different countries and universities has revealed a strong connection between financial literacy and budget management which in turn reduces the level of stress in handling funds. The authors have analyzed the budgeting behavior among college students by finding out the savings and investment habits and the level of financial anxiety. The research also highlights how financial anxiety is significantly related to poor budgeting practices and financial instability. By integrating financial education into the academic curriculum, the survey underlines the need to enhance students? ability to apply financial knowledge in real life situations through experiential learning opportunities.

In the evolving healthcare landscape, orthopaedic surgeons are increasingly required to demonstrate not only clinical excellence but also strategic thinking, leadership, and financial literacy. This review explores the intersection of business principles and surgical practice, highlighting foundational concepts frequently taught in MBA programs: project management, value proposition, the time value of money, cost accounting, and operations management. This article presents an evidence-based discussion on how these principles can enhance surgical efficiency, as well as long-term financial and career planning.

This study explores the digital transformation practices of rural micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) food processing products associated with the Kediri Young Entrepreneur (KYE) Association. This study investigates how MSME practitioners integrate digital technologies at both the micro and macro levels. For example, they use instant messaging apps to coordinate and make group decisions, social media sites to create content, build brands, and gain market visibility through algorithms, e-marketplaces to make transactions easier and grow the market, and digital payment systems to connect operations. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s practice theory, this qualitative interpretive study analyzes how digitalization intersects with structure and agency and how social networks emerge among actors in rural MSME food-processing product production. This study reveals several important finding: (1) digital habitus is formed through an integrated, evolving structure in which repeated digital practices become internalized dispositions; (2) there is a symbolic struggle in the form of a struggle for power over digital technology capabilities among MSME food processing products actors; (3) strategic mobilization in the form of economic, social, cultural and symbolic capital to gain legitimacy, strengthen capital and competitive advantage. This study concludes that digital transformation, showed up in regular digital coordination, platform-based marketing, marketplace integration, and digital money management, is not merely a technical shift but also a social transformation reflecting the cultural tendencies, power structures, and strategic actions actors in MSME food processing product markets, where the KYE Association serves as an arena that bridges collective traditions with digital innovation

Financial literacy is a fundamental competency that should be developed from an early age to foster prudent financial behavior in the future. However, the level of financial literacy among elementary school students remains relatively low, particularly in rural areas. The Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN) serves as a strategic platform for providing financial education to the community, including elementary school students. This study aims to describe the implementation of a basic financial literacy program for students of SD 050430 Bunuraya Village through the KKN program and to analyze its impact on students’ understanding of financial concepts. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that the financial literacy program delivered through interactive learning media effectively improves students’ understanding of basic concepts such as saving, distinguishing between needs and wants, and simple management of pocket money. The program is expected to serve as an initial step in building early financial awareness and encouraging the involvement of schools and families in children’s financial education.

This article introduces and conceptualizes a new transnational phenomenon that we call “popular financial feminisms.” Popular financial feminisms are highly mediated projects in which women claiming to have insight and expertise in financial matters—whether pertaining to everyday money management, the workings of complex financial instruments and investments, or anything in between—are moving to “empower” other women with it, to disseminate or share what they know as a kind of feminist act. We contend that such texts and actors represent a culture of contemporary popular feminist “solutionism” applied to a general situation and sense of economic precarity, engendering a novel form and site of financial self-help. While these projects represent a pragmatic response to the binds many women find themselves in, we argue that aspects of them are pernicious in terms of what they bind women as well as feminism to. We develop our arguments with reference to two illustrative cases from disparate national and cultural contexts, chosen to demonstrate that these new money-focused feminisms span various forms of difference. The first is The Smart Money Woman, a fictionalized financial education book and television series from Nigeria; the second, Her First $100K, a multimedia brand created by American financial influencer Tori Dunlap, who declares herself a “financial feminist.” We conclude by setting out a future research agenda, proposing themes and questions in need of urgent exploration by feminist scholars.

Saving is an economic term used to a proper utilization of resources that represents one of the most predictable determinants of successful personal and economic development. The purpose of this study is to identify employees’ awareness about saving and the major problems of employees’ practices of saving on the FIs in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. This study use quantitative research approach, particularly survey design. The result indicates that (107)47.80% employees had no saving experience and (118)52.20% of the respondents have been involved in saving part of their income. The most important covariates identified in the descriptive statistical analysis indicated that employer job position, gender, age, marital status, level of education, religion, ethnicity, monthly income, housing condition and family size were associated with saving practice in the study area. The effect of SA (Saving awareness) which is (Beta=-0.594076) significant (P, 0.05) is and its coefficient is negative indicating that the greater the saving awareness the lower the value of financial institutions in Ethiopia. The SA is highly lower the value of financial institutions. This result also makes sense, because both the theoretical and empirical evidences support that too. The effect of saving practice value is also (SP, Beta = - 0.836180) significant (p, 0.05) and as watched it is negative which indicates that the one unit increase in saving practice leads in- 0.836180 decrease in saving practice value on FIs. Finally, the variables like house hold composition, family health condition, impact of the financial crisis, personal poor money management skills, low incomes in the job, absence of financial education to create saving awareness, low interest rate provided by financial institutions, lack of trust of employees in the FIs due to financial crisis, low interest rate earned by FIs, high bureaucracy and complex nature of services provided by FIs highly affected employees saving practice in FIs

The low level of financial literacy among elementary school-aged children remains a problem, particularly in rural areas. Children generally are unable to manage their pocket money effectively and do not understand the difference between needs and wants. This situation highlights the need for early financial literacy education through community service activities. This community service activity aims to increase the understanding and awareness of elementary school students in Nagaraja Village regarding simple money management, including understanding the function of money, the difference between needs and wants, and instilling savings habits from an early age. The program was conducted by KKN students from the State Islamic University of North Sumatra (UINSU) in Nagaraja Village, Sipispis District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra, using a participatory approach through simple material delivery, educational games, money management simulations, and savings practices using piggy banks. The target group for this activity was fifth-grade elementary school students. He results of the activity showed that students experienced an increased understanding of the basic concepts of financial literacy. Students were able to re-explain the meaning of saving, provide examples of needs and wants, and demonstrate interest in setting aside their pocket money. The students' enthusiasm during the activity demonstrated that interactive and contextual learning methods are effective in financial literacy education for elementary school-aged children.

Financial institutions are being reformed by AI which helps streamline tasks, improves customer interactions and encourages new financial ideas. Banks now use predictive analytics, chatbots for customer service, technology used for catching fraud and personal advice on money management. This study investigates how consumers adapt to AI in banking and looks at their feelings about these developments. It applies mixed methods by using surveys, interviews and sentiment analysis, helping it to understand consumers and what they prefer. It was found that individuals like the benefits AI brings, for example, being quick, customizable and easy, but many people are still worried about how safe their data is and about ethical and trustworthy issues. It highlights the aspects that financial institutions must handle such as strengthening trust, providing transparent AI and delivering solutions adjusted to customer groups. The results can guide banks, fintech start-ups and policymakers in making AI-based banking technologies more accepted by consumers. Studies in the future might look at how blockchain and quantum computing help with consumer issues and increase the use of AI in financial sectors.

Abstract Although financial well-being plays an important role in well-being, little is understood about its context-dependence (e.g., individualistic vs. collectivistic). Most existing financial well-being scales have been developed in the context of Western cultures, especially in English-speaking nations, without assessment of the scale in other contexts. It is important to consider whether Western-developed scales are valid in Eastern cultures by exploring cross-cultural robustness and consistency. Using secondary cross-cultural data, we examine the validity, reliability, and measurement invariance of a widely used financial well-being measure originally developed by Netemeyer et al. in the context of South Korea and Taiwan. This scale reflects the hypothesized two dimensions of financial well-being: current money management stress and expected future financial security. We found that participants from the Eastern cultures (i.e., Taiwan and South Korea) interpreted the current money management stress and expected future financial security items differently compared to their Western counterparts (i.e., the US). These findings suggest that while this financial well-being scale shows promise in its ability to reflect financial well-being in an Eastern context, there is still work to be done. This study adds to existing research on financial well-being scales across cultural contexts by considering the Netemeyer et al. scale.