LONDON.Chemical Society, June 21.—Dr. H. E. Armstrong, President, in the chair.—The following papers were read: A specimen of early Scottish iron, by Miss M. D. Dougal.—The interaction of sulphide with sulphate and oxide of lead, by J. B. Hannay. The two equations—PhS + PbSO4 = 2Pb + 2SO2 and PbS + 2PbO = 3Pb + SO2—given by Percy, to represent the reactions occurring in lead smelting, are insufficient. A much more complex reaction occurs, since metallic lead when formed attacks the remaining sulphate, producing litharge, which in turn reacts with the sulphide; further, some of the sulphide is removed by solution in the metallic lead, whilst some is volatilised as the compound PbS,SO2.—The mineral waters of Cheltenham, by T. E. Thorpe.—The oxidation of tartaric acid in presence of iron, by H. J. H. Fenton. Tartaric acid is oxidised by certain agents in presence of a trace of ferrous salt with formation of a new crystalline dibasic acid, C4H4O6, 2H2O; it is a powerful reducing agent, and forms crystalline salts.—The supposed relation between the solubility of a gas and the viscosity of its solvent, by T. E. Thorpe and J. W. Rodger. From the results of their own experiments on the viscosity of solutions of gases, the authors are led to modify the conclusions of Winkler respecting the relation between solubility and viscosity.—The specific character of the fermentative functions of yeast cells, by A. J. Brown. Pasteur's view of the cause of the exhibition of the fermentation functions of yeast cells is that it is a starvation phenomenon brought about by lack of free oxygen during the life of the cells in a fermentable liquid. The fermentative power was measured by Pasteur as the ratio of yeast to sugar; the author finds, however, that there is no direct constancy of proportion between the weight of yeast formed and of sugar fermented. Pasteur's experiments are consequently insufficient, and his theory unproven.—Observations on the influence of temperature on the optical activity of organic liquids, by P. Frankland and J. MacGregor. The authors have measured the rotatory powers of methylic and ethylic salts of active glyceric and diacetylglyceric acids at various temperatures; the percentage increase in rotation as the temperature rises is greater for the methylic than for the Ethylic salts.—The maximum molecular deviation in the series of the ethereal salts of active diacetylglyceric acid, by P. Frankland and J. MacGregor.—The preparation of sulphonic derivatives of camphor, by F. S. Kipping and W. J. Pope. The sulphonic chlorides and bromides of camphor and its halogen derivatives are best prepared by treating the ammonium salts of the corresponding sulphonic acids with phosphoric chloride. — Dextro-rotatory camphorsulphonic chloride, by F. S. Kipping and W. J. Pope.—On the combination of chlorine with carbon monoxide under the influence of light; preliminary notice, by G. Dyson and A. Harden. There is a well-marked period of photochemical induction in the amount of chemical action occurring when light acts on a moist mixture of equal volumes ot carbon monoxide and chlorine.—Solution and pseudo-solution, part ii., by S. E. Linder and II. Picton.—Solution and pseudo-solution, part iii., by II. Picton and S. E. Linder. The continuation of previous work on solutions is described in these two papers.