Modern World Research Articles

Fostering Critical Thinking in Filipino through Media and Information Literacy

Media and Information Literacy (MIL) plays an indispensable role in the modern world, where the abundance of information and the rapid dissemination of media messages can both inform and mislead. This study aims to integrate MIL into Filipino language teaching through the use of lesson exemplars. Understanding and incorporating MIL competencies into subject areas is essential to nurturing students' skills and knowledge about their environment. Through the application of both quantitative and qualitative methods, the findings reveal that MIL empowers individuals to navigate the complex media landscape with confidence and discernment. It fosters informed citizenship, promotes critical thinking, protects against misinformation and manipulation, and cultivates digital citizenship. As society continues to evolve, investing in MIL education becomes paramount in equipping individuals with the skills necessary to be active, engaged, and responsible participants in the digital age.

Digital ruble: current state and prospects of use

In the modern world, automation of all data processing processes and technologies continues, which entails the transformation of financial markets. One of the illustrations of this phenomenon is the Concept of the digital ruble, which the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia) presented to the professional community back in 2021. The digital form of the Russian national currency is recognized as a valuable tool necessary for managing cash flows, controlling settlements, reducing cash turnover and increasing non-cash payments. Given that the introduction of digital currencies is a critical step to establish financial stability, many countries are already actively engaged in their development and implementation. In Russia, the focus is on the digital ruble, which should not only improve the quality of life, but also strengthen international positions. Digital rubles are controlled by the Central Bank and are represented as "retail" currencies that ensure ease of payments through a two-tier model. The new national currency in digital form has the same purchasing power as traditional money, is stored in secure wallets, which reduces the financial costs of users of banking services, and has many prospects. Despite the visible and significant advantages of the digital ruble, Russians are skeptical about the new form of money. The transition to non-cash payments in the form of digital rubles may be slow until the obvious benefits for all financial market participants become clear. In addition, the introduction of digital currency to the masses requires serious investments and a well-organized infrastructure, which slows down the process. At the same time, the digital ruble has enormous potential to increase the efficiency of payment systems and financial inclusion, reduce business costs in making payments, and simplify international transactions. It is the pilot testing until 2025 that will help identify key aspects for refinement and improvement of imperfections, opening up new horizons for economic growth and financial innovation. The article examines the essence of the digital ruble and its two-tier retail model, and presents the results of a survey of Russians about their desire to use the new digital currency.

The Challenges of Chastity, Self-Restraint, and Abstinence in the Digital Age: A Quranic, Hadith, and Psychological Study of the Effects of Social Media

The significance of this topic lies in the role of religious awareness in strengthening ethical values among individuals and communities, with its profound impact on shaping social and moral concepts that contribute to the construction of a stable society. This research seeks to explore the extent to which religious awareness influences individuals' behaviors and perceptions of ethical values, as well as the role of various media in reinforcing these values. The research addresses the question: Can religious awareness bring about real, tangible changes in individuals' behaviors and their perceptions of ethical values in the modern world? The methodology used in this study is descriptive-analytical, focusing on examining Quranic verses and prophetic hadiths related to the topic in order to understand their implications in safeguarding individuals and communities psychologically, healthily, socially, economically, and politically. Data were collected through surveys and opinion polls to assess the impact of religious awareness on ethical values. The key findings highlight that religious awareness plays a pivotal role in promoting ethical values, confirming that individuals exposed to religious content adopt more positive behaviors and values in their daily lives. The study also reveals that various media platforms, such as religious sermons and videos, significantly contribute to shaping and altering ethical attitudes. In conclusion, the research emphasizes the importance of religious guidance as an effective tool for achieving moral change and reinforcing values within society.

HOUSING AS A HUMAN RIGHT: ANALYSING LEGAL MECHANISMS AND STANDARDS AT THE UN AND REGIONAL SYSTEMS

The right to housing is secured under international and regional human rights instruments, ensuring security of tenure and liveable conditions for a dignified life. Despite these guarantees, many people suffer from insecure housing and inadequate conditions due to economic policies that prioritise market dynamics over human rights. At the international level, Article 11 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights guarantees the right to housing, while General Comments No. 4 and 7 provide further details. UN treaty bodies and special procedures oversee its enforcement. Regionally, the right to housing is addressed in Europe through the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and the European Social Charter; in Africa through the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights with broad interpretations of rights, and in the Inter-American system, primarily in the context of indigenous peoples' rights. Each system has strengths and weaknesses: the European system, although comprehensive and well-founded, lacks sufficient safeguards against evictions; the African system is interpretative and lacks explicit provisions; the Inter-American system focuses on indigenous peoples' rights and thus offers limited protection. Considering these varied approaches, the United Nations system, with its detailed framework that takes into account economic developments and trends in the modern world, stands out as the strongest model for the protection of the right to housing. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of different approaches to housing rights protection through a comparative analysis of international and regional systems and their protection mechanisms

Структура игры теннисистов в ретроспекции на турнирах «большого шлема»

The purpose of the study is to identify changes in the main gaming trends of modern world tennis. Research methods and organization. The study was conducted using video materials from games with the computer program "Kinovea." Research results and conclusions. It has been revealed that the primary group of short-duration rallies, lasting 4.3 seconds and consisting on average of 3.88 strokes per rally, is a prevailing indicator throughout the game of the new young champions, who have a total of 416 strokes for the entire match, accounting for 29% of all strokes in the match. The gameplay of the world's top young tennis players at the Wimbledon tournament courts demonstrates the emergence of a new trend of "overloaded high-speed play" in tennis based on high responsiveness.

Воздействие транспортной системы на землепользование по опыту России и зарубежных стран

The article presents the results of observations of the impact of the development of the transport system on land use based on the experience of Russia, East Asia, Europe and the United States of America. In the modern world, the transport system plays an important role in the socio-economic development of territories, improving the level of road safety, reducing the negative impact of transport on the environment and climate. Three models were considered to assess the impact of the transport system on land use. Each identifies factors that affect both land-use change and the need for new roads and road infrastructure. Studies have shown that transport and land-use planning requires integrated methods that take into account social, economic and environmental factors. The relevance of this study is due to the need to optimize land management with a balance between the needs of the transport system, rational use of land resources and social infrastructure. Currently, Russia has a transport strategy that until 2035 defines key positions, including increasing spatial connectivity and transport accessibility of territories, as well as increasing the mobility of the population. The analysis of the experience of foreign countries makes it possible to identify the most successful practices in the development of transport systems and the factors of their impact on land use, as well as to take them into account in territorial planning, which will contribute to the economic development of regions, the emergence of new industrial centers, without the risk of reducing agricultural land and causing damage to especially valuable fertile soils.

Prediction of Complications in Gunshot Wounds of the Pelvis in Women Received in Armed Conflict

We have to state with a great regret the fact that armed conflicts do not cease to arise in the modern world. Therefore, life-saving measures are of primary importance, so the prevention of complications in case of gunshot wounds of the pelvis in women deserves special attention.AIM OF THE STUDY. Determination of prognosis of complications in gunshot wounds of the pelvis in women received in armed conflict.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study included 86 women with shrapnel gunshot wounds to the abdominal cavity, which resulted in damage to the internal genital organs. All victims were civilians, their age ranged from 18 to 45 years, the average age was 34±5 years. Taking into account the admission time, all the wounded were divided into two subgroups: the 1st (Group A) included 45 people (52.3%), whose delivery time did not exceed 1.5 hours; the 2nd (Group B) included 41 women (47.7%), the delivery time from the moment of injury exceeded the specified time. Mathematical processing of the results was carried out using descriptive statistics methods.RESULTS. The conducted study shows that the immediate postoperative period for gunshot wounds of the pelvis in women proceeds more favorably in group A, which is confirmed by both laboratory data and data on the restoration of bowel function. At the same time, any peritonitis is dangerous due to its complications. In our observations, the total number of complications was 26 (30.2%), while in the overwhelming majority of observations (17; 19.7%) they were purulent-septic in nature. In group A, the number of complications was 9 (10.4%), in group B there were 17 (19.7%) complications (r=0.63, p<0.05).CONCLUSION. Taking into account the fact that the prediction of the development of such a formidable complication as peritonitis and its complications is of great clinical importance, we, using artificial intelligence, analyzed the main indicators influencing the development of complications, which, in turn, made it possible to create two programs: “A system for predicting the likelihood of complications after surgery for patients with peritonitis” and “An Internet service for predicting the likelihood of postoperative complications in patients with peritonitis”, for which patents of the Russian Federation have already been received.

Ayurvedic Food and Nutraceuticals - A review on understanding roles, food as medicine

Nutraceuticals & dietary supplements are versatile in nature. They have become a necessity in the modern world. Nutraceuticals, a term combining the words nutrition and pharmaceutical, are foods or food products that provide medical benefits & health, including the prevention and treatment of disease. Nowadays, dietary supplements are available in the general market. Dietary supplements contain antioxidants, probiotics as well and natural oils, which help in managing health issues. This includes weight management, joint pain, sleep issues, BP, and other complications. When people do not get relief from pharmaceuticals, they move towards nutraceuticals or dietary regimens. Ayurveda mentions the benefits of Ahara for therapeutic purposes. It is easily available and cheap in kitchen remedies. The medical food that is available in the market is not satisfactory based on value and pharmaceutical standardization. Chemically purposed food is also harmful to the body. There is rich literary documentation on Ahara in Ayurveda. Research should be done according to disease and to maintaining good health. It is mentioned that if a man is practicing a wholesome diet there will be no need for medication. Likewise, the best available medicine will not be effective if he is not following dietary restrictions.

Drones in the Modern World: A Study on their Applications

The military industry has seen numerous aircrafts throughout the years. Few factors have made the utilization of drones more significant today. Drones are equally employed in service provision which includes commercial and scientific construction, disaster and risk management, engineering, architecture, farming and military. Out of these, in case of more civilian, recreational and commercial uses, such as asset management, maintenance, and surveying and mapping of several assets, safety and assessment of risks in projects, and several other non- avoidable functions these are also used – drones. Miniature drones are gradually becoming smaller and consequently cheaper making them suitable in yet another commercial application. The advanced technology enabling the development of these machines has led to the raising of different issues such as security and privacy, however, this has not prevented the use of the drones in various sectors for innovative and efficient purposes.

Telemedicine in ophthalmology.

Since its beginnings in the 1970s, telemedicine has advanced extensively. Telemedicine is now more accessible and powerful than ever thanks to developments in medical imaging, Internet accessibility, advancements in telecommunications infrastructure, exponential growth in computing power, and related computer-aided diagnoses. This is especially true in the field of ophthalmology. With the COVID19 pandemic serving as acatalyst for the widespread adoption and acceptance of teleophthalmology, new models of healthcare provision integrating telemedicine are needed to meet the challenges of the modern world. The demand for ophthalmic services is growing globally due to population growth, aging, and ashortage of ophthalmologists. In this review, we discuss the development and use of telemedicine in the field of ophthalmology and shed light on the benefits and drawbacks of teleophthalmology.

Intelligent Traffic Signal Management using Global Positioning System and Distribution based optimization in Edge-Cloud Ecosystem

Increasing population and Industrialization are the major problems of today’s modern world. Due to this, there’s an increased traffic demand. And this, besides positive profits, also has its negative impacts like pollution and accidents. To divert the congestion of vehicles, a traffic signal has been designed, typically operating on a predefined timer. The traditional system fails to respond to live traffic conditions. However, this approach is not an entirely effective solution for managing traffic. The scope of the proposed system is to dynamically change the time between each green signal by monitoring the traffic in a specific direction. This solves the problem of longer unnecessary waiting time of passengers through an automated system which works using Google cloud and IoT Edge device. The primary objective of the system lies in efficient opening of traffic signals by continuously watching the traffic density in a road of single direction using Google Maps, analyzing traffic strength with color detection, and sending/receiving these data through cloud. The system can be easily integrated in real time on existing traffic signals, with minimal setup costs. The result indicates a minimal waiting time due to dynamic traffic density and self adaptive nature. In the best-case scenario, each lane takes 20 seconds, making the system more efficient than conventional traffic systems by reducing the cycle time by 27.76 seconds per signal loop.

Soil Stabilization by Using Raw Plastic

The best method for improving the physical properties of the soil like; increasing strength such as shear strength, bearing capacity etc. is the process of soil stabilization. This process includes addition of the admixtures into the soil in order to increase the properties of the soil. The admixtures such as; cement, lime ad waste materials like fly-ash, phosphor gypsum, etc. are very expensive materials. The cost of these kind of admixtures is increasing day by day as the technology is improving around the every corner of the society. In recent technology research, utilization of the waste materials likes plastic, bamboo etc. The widely used thing in today’s society is the plastic. The disposal of these plastic wastes causes the ecological hazards, a big is a useful thing in stabilization. In the modern world, there is a scarcity of a good soil. Since the low availability of un-stabilized soils makes it difficult admixtures to the soil. These plastic waste materials like plastic bottles are used in this project. For this to happen the plastic bottles are cut down into small strip like pieces. The addition of these small strips in the soil by different percentage and conduct tests such as liquid limit, plastic limit, compaction test, CBR test etc. Then soil becomes stabilized i.e, increasing the load bearing capacity of the soil and also strength properties such as shear strength with a controlled compaction. Soil stabilization by using waste plastic bottles which significantly enhance the strength properties of the soil. KEY WORDS: Soil Stabilization, Lime, Portland Cement, Raw Plastic, Plastic bottles.

Dialogue Between Authorities andCitizens inNew Uzbekistan

Observation of everyday life and numerous studies show that over the last two decades, communication between people has increasingly moved to the sphere of social media (World Economic Forum, 2015). This also applies to the practice of using these platforms by the authorities, which implement their strategies of influencing citizens (European Commission, n.d.). However, current technological solutions create different conditions for communication than before (OECD, 2021). In this article, the authors present an analysis of the communication process between the authorities and society in Uzbekistan -a country that is undergoing a process of political transformation after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The subject of the study was social media, which is the main channel of communication in the modern world. The analysis covers the years 2023-2024, and the primary data was collected in the form of an online survey and interviews with a questionnaire based on two groups: users of a popular news portal and representatives of central and regional authorities.The study results indicate:-a fundamental discrepancy between the expectations of citizens (public opinion) in contemporary Uzbekistan and the media activities currently implemented by the authorities of this country;-limited or low effectiveness of the content and the way it is presented, in particular the deficiency of such aspects as the attractiveness of the content (its usefulness, importance for the recipient) and the transparency of the message (providing sources, credibility);-confirm the principle known in the literature that in order for the authorities to influence society in order to engage it, it is necessary to build trust.

Factors Related to Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 Capabilities and Their Influence on Supply Chain Resilience and Flexibility

Supply chain resilience and flexibility are among the most critical dynamic capabilities for surviving in the modern world of uncertainties and risks arising from unexpected dynamics in global supply chain routes and hubs. Resilience may be viewed as the supply chain capability enabling resistance and withstanding power against disruptions and flexibility defines the modern supply chain capability to adjust to the disruptions to respond to market dynamics and keep the businesses running. Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 technologies capabilities can enable the supply chain capabilities of resilience and flexibility positively by offering powerful technology-driven enablers. This research studied the technology-driven enablers and their contributions to the supply chain resilience and flexibility. There were five Industry 4.0 and two Industry 5.0 technology enablers found from the literature review to create an initial model. The model was projected to Fuzzy Interpretive Structural Modeling (FISM) method in which, eighteen experts were selected working in the industrial cities in the Indian states of UP and in MP in logistics engineering having good insight about Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 technologies. The experts were engaged through a focus group discussion in which, a structured questionnaire was presented to them for building Structural Self-Interaction Matrix (SSIM) by each expert. The responses collected from each expert were analysed through the FISM steps. The output showed a hierarchical model with four levels of driving and dependence powers. The IIoT, fog computing, cloud manufacturing, big data analytics, and blockchains were found to be having root driving powers in the model. These five variables are technology-driven enablers of Industry 4.0, which were found to be driving the two technology-driven enablers of Industry 5.0: smart robotics and human-centric artificial intelligence. The Industry 5.0 variables were found to be driving supply chain flexibility, which in turn had driving power over supply chain resilience. The practical validity of this hierarchical model was discussed in detail at the end of this article in the context of a flexible and smart manufacturing and logistics system connected with digitalised supply chains. The notions of flexibility and resilience were also discussed in a cellular manufacturing system that can be configured and re-configured quickly as per the demand dynamics.

The Depiction of The Main Factors of Economic and Sociological Migration in John Steinbeck’s Novel “Grapes of The Wrath” And Abdulla Kahhor’s Work “Fairy Tales from The Past”

This article analyzes the causes of migration through a comparative study of John Steinbeck’s “The Grapes of Wrath” and Abdulla Kahhor’s “Fairy Tales from the Past” (“Utmishdan ertaklar”) . The main focus is on economic and social factors that push people to migrate. By employing the comparative-analytical method, the article examines how both authors depict the struggles of ordinary people against economic hardship, and social injustice. The analysis highlights the key themes in these works and links them to relevant scholarly studies. Personal insights are also offered regarding how these causes of migration are still relevant in the modern world.

RFID and Face Recognition-Based Biometric System for Automated Attendance Management

The modern world is rapidly adopting technology to enhance efficiency and accuracy across various domains. This paper presents the design and development of an automated attendance management system using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. The proposed system replaces conventional manual attendance methods with a contactless, real-time solution. RFID readers detect student ID tags, recording attendance and updating a centralized database automatically. This method minimizes human errors, prevents proxy attendance, and improves data security. The system is further enhanced by integrating Internet of Things (IOT) functionality for real-time data monitoring and remote accessibility. A comparative analysis with traditional attendance systems demonstrates significant improvements in reliability, scalability, and administrative efficiency. This research aims to contribute to smart campus initiatives and digital transformation in educational institutions. INDEX TERMS RFID, IOT, Attendance Management System, Biometric Authentication, QR Code, Real-Time Monitoring, Automation, Student Tracking

ПРОБЛЕМА НЕДИСКРИМИНАЦИИ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ МИРЕ И ПУТИ УСИЛЕНИЯ ДЕЙСТВИЯ НОРМ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ДОГОВОРОВ

The principle of non-discrimination is one of the fundamental principles of international law. It is aimed at establishing and guaranteeing equal rights and freedoms for all people, regardless of their race, gender, age, religion, nationality and other characteristics. However, in the modern world, the rights of individuals are increasingly violated. This is becoming one of the main causes of strife, conflict and international instability. The article examines the historical emergence of inequality and dis-crimination, raises the issue of the importance of conducting research and analyzing the causes and consequences of discrimination in order to develop more effective strategies and measures to protect human rights and freedoms. The authors managed to present the main reasons that contributed to the formation of the idea of non-discrimination and propose a set of measures aimed at increasing the effectiveness of the principle of non-discrimination and compliance with international treaties.

Lifeworld of Natural Farmers in Japan

Alternative agriculture should not be narrowly defined as a chemical-free farming system that simply excludes prohibited inputs. Rather, it represents a comprehensive philosophical and ideological framework incorporating political and social dimensions. Both alternative and conventional agriculture are rooted in ideological orientations that reflect agriculture’s societal role. However, the farmers’ motivations for adopting specific practices extend beyond social or ideological factors. An examination of individual farmers’ lives and worldviews reveals that the meaning they derive from agricultural practices often transcends socioeconomic considerations. This paper employs Schutz's concept of the 'Lifeworld' to examine the underlying motivations and practices of natural farming. This study conducted interviews with five natural farming practitioners. First, it elucidated their perceptions of the reasons why agricultural practitioners refrain from using fertilizers. Subsequently, it revealed observational records of their off-farm activities and living environments to examine their relevance to agricultural practices. The results revealed that farmers adopt natural farming according to their lifeworlds, which are based on supra-scientific thought systems such as religion and spiritual cosmologies; that lifeworld dynamically coexists with the modern world within agricultural contexts; and that living spaces and off-farm leisure activities provide insights into the construction and expression of farmers' lifeworlds. In conclusion, analysing farmers' practices through their lifeworlds offers an approach to aligning their self-identity and self-realization with agricultural practices or rural lifestyles in modernised societies.

МОНГОЛ УЛСЫН ҮНДСЭН ХУУЛЬ НИЙТИЙН ЭРХ ЗҮЙН1 ХЭМ ХЭМЖЭЭНИЙ ҮНДСЭН ЭХ СУРВАЛЖ2 БОЛОХ НЬ

In the modern world, the concept “Rule of Law” transferred into the concept “Constitutional law”.The law has the final and top validity. The state power is originated from it is people. Government functions arelimited by law. The laws are based on the human rights. Constitutional law is embodied through following concept,as representatives shall obey the Constitution while they execute their legislative powers. Nowadays, the concept“Constitutionalism” must find fulfillment as “Constitutional powers”

ГЭМТ ХЭРГЭЭС УРЬДЧИЛАН СЭРГИЙЛЭХЭД ЦАГДААГИЙН БАЙГУУЛЛАГЫН ҮҮРЭГ: ОЛОН УЛСЫН ЧИГ ХАНДЛАГА

It used to be thought that law enforcement organization is solely responsiblefor crime prevention however in the modern world it depends on the efforts of individuals,citizens, NGOs, and state which meets the principle of western countries-Prevent from crimestogether!Tried to express how to organize and implement that operation against crime of policeorganization, province administration, how these organizations work with citizen and public andhow they are achieved success and their experiences and specific facts.