Modern Sensor Technology Research Articles

Application Research of Electrical Supercharger for Improving Performances of Diesel Engine under Plateau Environment

Against the problems that the working performances deterioration of high-power engine under plateau environment, an electric supercharger system is designed by applying modern control and sensor technology, and after testing performances of the electric supercharger multiple times, the system is optimized according to the internal flow field distribution and export flow characteristics. The tests prove that the system which controlled by electric control device can achieve transient air supply rapidly. Then increased the air flow rate significantly, and it is able to recover the most of the power in low speed part, which propose the feasible way to the problem of engine intake air shortage under plateau environment.

A study of the application of automatic healthcare tracking and monitoring system in Saudi Arabia

Purpose – This paper aims to outline the results of a study of the potential use of sensor technology such as radio frequency identification (RFID) and/or ZigBee technology in providing real-time tracking and tracing of patients and equipment in hospitals. The government of Saudi Arabia has given high priority to providing the best practice in patients’ care. However, the growing requirement of the healthcare industry to obtain real-time information and data from various applications that can improve the performance and accuracy of management systems has not been addressed seriously in Saudi Arabia. Design/methodology/approach – ZigBee and RFID are both emerging technologies and have become important topics in recent years. RFID technology is a non-contact identification technology that does not require direct eyesight to the target object. It is cheap and reliable, but its coverage zone is limited. ZigBee is another communication technology, which has a larger coverage and can also be used as an automatic identification technology with the benefits of lower power consumption. Findings – This paper proposes a smart hospital management system that can be used to detect, locate and monitor patients and track assets and equipment using modern sensor technologies in a real-time environment for e-health systems in Saudi Arabia. Originality/value – A novel management information system/knowledge management system framework based on sensor technologies for supporting and speeding up development of healthcare systems.

Modern Sensor Technology for Alphanumeric Recognition in Metallurgy Industry

This paper presents the possibilities of modern sensor technology enables measurements of non-electrical physical values by using advanced technology to automatic recognition of alphanumeric marking. Research focuses on analyzing the usefulness of modern sensor technology for special cases in industrial automation for the steel industry. Development of alphanumeric marking recognition system is described with the sensor elements implementation especially the optical scanner for surface differences recognition and the thermo camera surface temperatures recognition. The described research is specialized for various methods that can be used for alphanumeric marks recognizing instead of the standard industrial cameras usage. Verification and Recognition of alphanumeric marking with regard to the applicability in industrial applications for segments detection is very important for actual research orientation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.20.5.7090

Platinum Nanoparticles as Photoactive Substrates for Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Sensors

Platinum nanomaterials are the focus of great expectations to expand the reach of modern sensor technology. In this work, we have evaluated the ability of different types of platinum nanoparticles to enhance the response of analytical techniques based on optical excitation methods, namely nanoparticle-assisted laser desorption/ionization (NALDI), Raman scattering (SERS), and infrared absorption (SEIRA). Physical (laser ablation) and chemical (redox) methods of synthesis have been employed to produce spherical particles with sizes ranging from a few to tens of nanometers, stabilized with different coating agents. The nanoparticles have then been tested as active substrate materials to enhance the sensitivity of NALDI of a model peptide (angiotensin I) and a synthetic polymer (PEG600) and those of SERS and SEIRA of a common chromophore (rhodamine 6G). A fairly similar overall performance is found for nanoparticles homogeneous in size synthesized by chemical reduction as for heterogeneous sets of particles p...

Research on Wireless Positioning Technology Base on ZigBee

With modern sensor technology and wireless communication technology development, the thing has begun to enter the people network daily life. With RFID, ZigBee technology and NFC near field communication technology, as a representative of the content networking applications, are among the many enterprises, universities and the direction of research and development innovation. This paper ZigBee location technology application in coal mine, this paper introduces the principle and method of ZigBee positioning.

Changes in ecosystem resilience detected in automated measures of ecosystem metabolism during a whole-lake manipulation

Environmental sensor networks are developing rapidly to assess changes in ecosystems and their services. Some ecosystem changes involve thresholds, and theory suggests that statistical indicators of changing resilience can be detected near thresholds. We examined the capacity of environmental sensors to assess resilience during an experimentally induced transition in a whole-lake manipulation. A trophic cascade was induced in a planktivore-dominated lake by slowly adding piscivorous bass, whereas a nearby bass-dominated lake remained unmanipulated and served as a reference ecosystem during the 4-y experiment. In both the manipulated and reference lakes, automated sensors were used to measure variables related to ecosystem metabolism (dissolved oxygen, pH, and chlorophyll-a concentration) and to estimate gross primary production, respiration, and net ecosystem production. Thresholds were detected in some automated measurements more than a year before the completion of the transition to piscivore dominance. Directly measured variables (dissolved oxygen, pH, and chlorophyll-a concentration) related to ecosystem metabolism were better indicators of the approaching threshold than were the estimates of rates (gross primary production, respiration, and net ecosystem production); this difference was likely a result of the larger uncertainties in the derived rate estimates. Thus, relatively simple characteristics of ecosystems that were observed directly by the sensors were superior indicators of changing resilience. Models linked to thresholds in variables that are directly observed by sensor networks may provide unique opportunities for evaluating resilience in complex ecosystems.

Laser gated viewing at ISL for vision through smoke, active polarimetry, and 3D imaging in NIR and SWIR wavelength bands

Abstract In this article, we want to give a review on the application of laser gated viewing for the improvement of vision cross-diffusing obstacles (smoke, turbid medium, …), the capturing of 3D scene information, or the study of material properties by polarimetric analysis at near-infrared (NIR) and shortwave-infrared (SWIR) wavelengths. Laser gated viewing has been studied since the 1960s as an active night vision method. Owing to enormous improvements in the development of compact and highly efficient laser sources and in the development of modern sensor technologies, the maturity of demonstrator systems rose during the past decades. Further, it was demonstrated that laser gated viewing has versatile sensing capabilities with application for long-range observation under certain degraded weather conditions, vision through obstacles and fog, active polarimetry, and 3D imaging.

Acoustic particle velocity measurements: a cross comparison between modern sensor technologies

In order to measure acoustic particle velocity a cross comparison between two measurement techniques is performed in the present investigation. Results from the velocity transducer of an acoustic pressure–velocity probe are compared to absolute levels of the acoustic particle velocity, obtained by means of particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements, sampled up to a frequency of 20 kHz. For the frequency distribution of the measured acoustic particle velocity the dynamic range reaches up to 65 dB. It will be shown that the used high-speed PIV system is a very powerful tool to obtain absolute velocity levels in a large frequency range. One big advantage of this measurement technique is that it can be performed in any sound field and does not depend on a large anechoic room.

Multi-measurement Target Tracking by Using Random Sampling Approach

In multi-target tracking field, conventional algorithms supposed that target is a point source and produces at most one measurement. While with the development of modern sensor technology, a target may give multiple measurements. In this paper, we consider that targets have certain geometrical shapes and give multiple measurements and call these targets multi-measurement targets (MmTs). We first build rigid models for the targets in parameter space and then estimate their parameters using the Markov chain sampling approach. Next, we derive the moving state described by target's centroid with our proposed equivalent measurement. When the number of targets remains unknown, under the Poisson assumption, we use the ratios of Poisson intensities to estimate the number of targets. We also define the probabilistic vectors of type (PVoT) and propose a recursive process for the PVoT. To verify the proposed algorithm, the final experiment proposes three targets, with different shapes and distributions, moving in a 2-dimension plane with constant velocity (CV). The experimental results show that the estimation of target state has an excellent precision and the shape estimation can better and stably reflect the change of target shape. Besides, the target lost rate is around 1.4% in 500 Monte Carlo (MC) runs.

Non Destruction Testing Method Applied in Bridge Engineering

Common used Non Destruction Testing (NDT) technical is introduced. Combined with the bridge common damage problems and NDT present research situation and the current research trends, summed up the NDT detection contents used in bridge engineering. The NDT methods in theory study and engineering application development trends are forecasted. It will provide references for the research of NDT technology. Finally, modern sensor technology and wireless communication technology are suggested to be used in bridge NDT technology. Also the bridge health monitoring system is integrated into to provide the technical support for the bridge whole life design.

Data-based stability analysis of a class of nonlinear discrete-time systems

Nowadays, with modern sensor technologies, the inputs, outputs and states of the system can be accurately measured. Based on this fact, analyzing the properties of the system, which has unknown mathematical model, directly by using the measured data, has become feasible. In this paper, some data-based methods are proposed for state stability analysis of a class of nonlinear discrete-time systems. We also discuss the problem of finding the domain of attraction of the equilibrium point, using these data-based methods.

Research on Automatic Positioning System in Traffic Accident

With the rapid development of the global economy, automobile industry and high-grade highway create the necessary tools and infrastructure for the fast and convenient traffic. However, the cars also bring some negative effects of human life, such as traffic accidents. China has become the world's most serious national in the traffic accidents. In order to make the traffic accident rescue convenient, the automatic positioning system is studied, and the software and hardware are also designed. The control system uses the PIC18F458 as a controller, which combines with the modern sensor technology and GPS, and realizes the automatic positioning in traffic accidents. Experiments show that the system has the advantages of stability, reliability and strong anti-interference ability.

Research on Automatic Asking for Help System in Traffic Accident

With the rapid development of the global economy, the vehicle population increases rapidly year by year, but the traffic accidents have also increased. The vehicle population in China only accounts for 2-3% of the world at present, but the death is about 20% of the world. China has become the world's most serious national in the traffic accidents. In order to make the traffic accident rescue convenient, the automatic asking for help system is studied, and the software and hardware are also designed. The control system uses the PIC18F458 as a controller, which combines with the modern sensor technology and GPRS, and realizes the automatic asking for help in traffic accidents. Experiments show that the system has the advantages of stability, reliability and strong anti-interference ability.

NEW TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED FOR CONVENTIONAL GROWING SYSTEMS: POSSIBILITIES FOR APPLICATION IN ORGANIC SYSTEMS

NEW TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED FOR CONVENTIONAL GROWING SYSTEMS: POSSIBILITIES FOR APPLICATION IN ORGANIC SYSTEMS

Comparison of distribution strategies in uncertainty-aware catchment delineation

Delineation of drainage basins from a digital elevation model (DEM) has become a standard operation in a number of terrain analysis software packages, but limitations of the conventionally used techniques have become apparent. Firstly, the delineation methods make assumption of error-free data, which is an unreachable utopia even with modern sensor technology. Secondly, even though the computing capacity has increased dramatically during the last decades, sizes of geospatial data sets have increased simultaneously. Thus far, the typical problems arising when using uncertainty-aware geospatial analysis are 1) the computational complexity of the analysis and 2) memory allocation problems when large datasets are used. In this paper, we raise the question about the general need for developing scalable and uncertainty-aware algorithms for terrain analysis and propose improvements to the existing drainage basin calculation methods. The distributed uncertainty-aware catchment delineation methods with and without spatial partitioning of the DEM are introduced and the performance of the methods in different cases are compared.

Wide Area Protection—Technology and Infrastructures

Wide area measurements have been widely used in the energy management systems (EMS) of power systems for monitoring, operation, and control. In recent years, the advent of synchronized phasor measurements has added another dimension to the field of wide-area measurements. At the same time, the field of protection systems has been dominated by computer based relays, which make it relatively easy to communicate with relays and thus include them in many innovative protection systems. Special Protection Systems (SPS) or Remedial Action Schemes (RAS) are one example of integration of communication and protection systems. In recent years—due to operational demands imposed on transmission networks by deregulation it has become clearer that wide-area measurements and their integration in protection and control systems is a necessity. This paper documents the state-of-the-art in modern sensor, communication, and protection technologies which show great potential for innovations in protection and control systems for the future.

Deriving performance measures for transportation planning using ITS archived data

Various modern sensor technologies deployed under the auspices of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) for data collection and archiving have helped in accumulating a wealth of transportation data in the form of data archives. Archiving of transportation data obtained from intelligent sources is practiced in most parts of the US under the auspices of the states' departments of transportation. However, recently there is a shift in the focus of archived data management systems (ADMS) from data collection and archiving to data analysis and distribution to stakeholders. This article discusses the use of archived ITS data for the development of performance measures for transportation planning and air quality support service. This service is packaged within a larger ADMS effort called Traffic Management Centers (TMC) Applications of Archived Data, which is also known by its working title ‘ADMS Virginia’. Nine sub-services for computing various performance measures at different spatial and temporal levels of aggregation are available within the transportation planning and air quality service. The nine performance measures provided are traffic speed, volume, density, vehicle miles traveled (VMT), percent VMT by time of day, travel time, volume-to-capacity ratio, peak hour factor, and average daily traffic (ADT). The service integrates a subset of a regional transportation planning network with the traffic flow data in the archived databases. The performance measures developed in this study have a broad spectrum of uses ranging from long- and short-range transportation planning, transportation system monitoring, regional air quality monitoring and air quality conformity, development of forecasting and simulation models, and establishment of growth impact policies. The concepts of operations of this system are discussed along with functional requirements, data model, and algorithms for deriving the performance measures. The methodology and procedures discussed in this article are portable and can easily be adopted by other ADMS efforts.

Flexible parts feeding for flexible assembly

A key obstacle to the economic application of flexible automation is parts feeding. Traditionally, dedicated devices such as vibratory bowl feeders have performed parts feeding. Such devices have a high cost, and are dedicated to a single component geometry and, consequently, the number of dedicated feeders required for a planned variety of products is equal to the number of distinct part types. This results in a high capital cost that can only be justified in a dedicated mass production environment, where there are long production runs and few product changes. Dedicated feeding methods are also usually too inflexible for robotic assembly systems where there is a wide range of component types in small batches being produced at lower rates. Flexible feeders capable of feeding many different part types are now commercially available but they are invariably large and costly. This paper describes a compact, low cost belt feeder prototype based on Pherson et al.'s (1983) concept but, which is capable of feeding complex geometries using modern sensor technology for part recognition, a standard non-active orientation blade, and a novel method for handling cylindrical parts.

Multiplexed and distributed control of automated welding

Although modern sensor technology and control algorithms have enabled in-process regulation of arc welding, classical single-torch actuation methods provide only a few welding conditions that can be modulated in real time to control multiple weld geometry characteristics. To decouple the process dynamics and simultaneously control thermal characteristics of the weld, multiple virtual heat inputs are implemented by rapid periodic reciprocation (timesharing) of the single torch on the weld surface. Dynamic analytical, numerical and linearized experimental process models are developed for the design of adaptive MIMO control systems of both geometrical and thermal characteristics, and their performance is tested in rejecting disturbances and following setpoint changes. To maximize the range of achievable weld features, a continuous heat distribution and temperature monitoring on the entire weld surface is finally adopted. The necessary vector-scanning trajectories of the torch are regulated in real time by a distributed-parameter control strategy, integrated to the weld design software for flexibility in production.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Requirements for inertial sensor systems for measuring robot positions

SummaryInertial Measurement Systems (IMS) allow the position calculation of moving objects without requiring outside information. For years the inertial 3-D coordinate measuring technique has been subject to intense research in geodesy and autonomous navigation of land-, water-and airborne vehicles. Because of these areas of application inertially-based systems have been designed for long term measuring only. Here we discuss the requirements that are imposed on inertial sensors in order for them to be used for the calculation of positions of robots. The use of modern sensor technology, combined with strategies for error correction, can result in substantial advantages when calculating robot positions independently from load and environment.