Modern Humanitarian Knowledge Research Articles

Creative and Research Segments of European Humanism: Development of a Single Cultural Space

Abstract The relevance of the mentioned topic of research consists in the definition of the phenomenon “metamodernism”, which in modern humanitarian knowledge and in literary and artistic practice determines the need to distinguish and analyze “segments” of European humanism as means of in-depth reproduction. The main goal of this study, considering the creative and research potential of “segments” that contributed to the gradual layering of specific features of European humanism, is the reconstruction of “for” and “against” those processes that caused the development of a single cultural space. The basis of the methodological approach in this study is the principles of historicism with the assignment of analytical, comparative, and chronological approaches to the determination of a wide range of issues that are of significant importance in the context of the stated topic. The results obtained during the implementation of this research, and the conclusions formulated on their basis, are of significant importance in the context of determining the key trends in the recognition of the creative and searching tendencies of European humanism, which play an important role in the process of forming a single cultural space.

Концептуализация экологической философии и философии экологии как направлений познания архитектоники экологического бытия

One of the urgent problems of modern humanitarian knowledge is the implementation of a holistic and critical analysis of ecological philosophy and philosophy of ecology as directions of philosophical cognition in the un-derstanding of environmental problems characterizing various models of the relationship between man and nature. Considering these directions of scientific knowledge, we establish that they differ not only in the subject of cognition, but also in the models of interaction: the first one studies ecological theories and concepts, in the center of which are evolutionary processes of nature and society, and the second one studies ontological and axiological aspects characterizing the sustainability of human and nature development in accordance with hu-manistic attitudes, opposing negative scenarios of future development of mankind. Due to the spread of neo-humanism and transhumanism, special perspectives of noosphere, eco-culture, and post-apocalyptic scenari-os in general are being formed. The general interest of these directions is conditioned by the study of the archi-tectonics of ecological being as the most important basis of ecological civilization of the present and future in the context of sustainable development.

SYNERGY OF LANGUAGE AND CULTURE THROUGH THE PERSPECTIVE OF XXI-CENTURY LINGUOCULTUROLOGY

The article focuses on dynamic language-culture correlation in the context of modern linguoculturology. This linguocultural research is a version of cultural studies which places language at its heart. At an everyday, human and scientific level linguocultural interests, pursuits and problems have never been more important. The subject matter of this article is therefore crucially topical and reflects the current demand of modern linguistics for new and profound research in this sphere. The topicality is also determined by the linguoculturology evolution into integrative interdisciplinary field of modern humanitarian knowledge in which perspectives from different disciplines can be selectively drawn on to examine the relations of culture, mind and language. The research focuses on dynamic, synergetic mutual interaction of language, culture and mentality reflected in the academic concept and viewed in theoretical aspect. It also defines linguoculture as a key concept of XXI century linguoculturology. Our study relies substantially on the application of linguistic descriptive methodology and devices. The main aim of the work is to describe the complex mechanism of two fundamental categories synergy. The objective determined the tasks of the research: to clarify and describe continuous dynamic complex process of language and culture correlation through linguoculturilogy perspective and define the much disputed key terms –“linguoculturology”,’linguoculture” and “the language of culture”. The research claims that language and culture realationship is characterized by two-sided parity, mutual influence and dependence, inseparable integrity and coherence.

THEOLINGUISTICS AS A SCIENCE: STATUS AND CRITERIA FOR ITS ISOLATION

Any field of human cognition, claiming the status of a science must meet a number of criteria, which include subject and object, its own method and language. To date, the status of theolinguistics as a separate branch of language science is not questioned by any linguist, but the lack of an exhaustive justification of this status makes attempts to do so urgent. The understanding of the subject of theolinguistics, which is based on the existing definitions of this discipline and the tasks it is designed to solve, remains debatable. The tasks of theolinguistic research should be determined taking into account the worldview factor, both the system of views on the world as a whole, and the image of reality, refracted by the position of the individual.
 The paper deals with one of the topical issues of theolinguistics as a science – the justification of its status. The purpose, subject, object, units, and methods of theolinguistics are considered and analysed. The cultural and historical context of the emergence of theolinguistics as a synthetic discipline in modern humanitarian knowledge is elaborated. The tendencies of the return of linguistics to the anthropological program of the study of language, one of which is the tendency of integrating theological knowledge into the worldview and culture, which manifests itself more and more distinctly in the modern world, are noted. The process of philosophical and theological thought returning to the question of the essence of the true relationship between culture and religion is observed. Scientific and religious-mythological type of cognitive activity is compared. The methodological basis of research in theolinguistics is characterized. Theolinguistics is examined through the prism of scientific and religious outlooks. Theolinguistics is presented as a synthetic discipline in its formative stage. The potential tasks of theolinguistics as a science are considered. 

About Some Terms of Regional Linguistics

The article discusses the problems of terminology of the scientific direction developing within the framework of modern humanitarian knowledge – regional linguistics. The integrative nature of regional linguistics (its relationship with geography, history, ethnography, dialectology, sociolinguistics, etc.) not 
 only forms the specifics of this discipline, the variety of terminological nominations of its key concepts and their interpretations, but also determines the multivector approaches to solving its main tasks. Within the framework of the proposed
 approach, based on the analysis of the scope of the concept of region, considered as a field structure, the external boundaries of the derived terminological nominations are clarified – regiolect, regional worldview and regional linguistic personality. The latter, in turn, are characterized against the background of universal concepts of the world picture and linguistic personality. The specifics of correlation relations between the concepts of regional linguistic personality and regional worldview are determined. The role and place of regional knowledge in the structure is characterized.

ОТРАЖЕНИЕ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРНОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ И КОЛЛЕКТИВНОЙ ПАМЯТИ В ПЕСЕННОМ ДИСКУРСЕ XX И XXI ВЕКОВ (на материале испанского языка)

The analysis of song, being an important component of the culture of any ethnic group, is an essential factor of globalization processes in their cultural and linguistic dimension and arouses interest in modern humanitarian knowledge. This article analyzes the representations of linguistic and cultural identity and collective memory within the framework of the Spanish-language song discourse of different periods of time, which allows us to trace and comprehend whether the symbolic load and the national-cultural specifics of the products of song discourse have changed over time. The conducted research made it possible to make sure that the texts of musical compositions can be a kind of manifestation of national identity and can reflect elements of collective memory, which is largely associated with the identity and value orientations of native Spanish speakers.

TECHNOSPHERE OF THE XXI CENTURY AND HUMANITARIAN ASPECTS OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION

The analysis of the main trends in the transformation of the technosphere of modern civilization, which manifest themselves in the XXI century as a result of the rapid development of the scientific and technological revolution and man-made human activity. It is shown that these trends pose a global threat to the further development of civilization. If these trends persist in the future, humanity may perish as a result of the destruction of vital ecosystems of the planet and the global ecological crisis, which is rapidly growing. It is expected that it will reach its apogee in the middle of the XXI century. The transformation of the information sphere entails deep destructive changes in the social, psycho-logical and intellectual qualities of the individual. And it is also a new threat to global security. The article shows the negative impact on people of modern high rates of transformation of the technosphere. It causes them to feel fear of the future, which is approaching too quickly. The forecast of the dynamics of the main components of the techno-sphere for the period up to 2050 is presented. It is shown that the most rapid and radical changes occur in the infor-mation sphere of society. A new habitat forms a new person, changes his psychological, social and physiological properties and qualities. If this process continues to be carried out uncontrollably, then in the second half of the XXI century, humanity may become like a global anthill. People's lives in it will be strictly regulated, and their own intelligence will be lost. The article raises the problem of moral responsibility of engineers for the humanitarian consequences of their professional activities. To solve it, it is necessary to increase the level of modern humanitarian knowledge among representatives of the engineering corps of Russia.

О двух синтезах профессора С.С. Хоружего

Two trends in Russian religious thought – Russian religious philosophy and Or­thodox theology – for a long time developed separately. In their history, they have followed different paths, they have different destinies, significant connec­tions have not been established between them, and their synthesis has not oc­curred. This problem has become the subject of special attention of the Russian philosopher, Professor Sergey S. Horujy. Capturing the philosophical signifi­cance of the hesychast turn in Orthodox theology, Sergey S. Horujy transferred it to philosophy. Having made three turns – hesychast, anthropological and phe­nomenological – Sergey S. Horujy carried out a synthesis in Russian religious thought on the path of reconstruction of hesychast anthropology. And having cre­ated his own anthropological concept – synergistic anthropology, Sergey S. Ho­rujy thus accomplished the synthesis of philosophy and religion at the present stage of their development. S.S. Horujy distinguishes three types of ultimate hu­man manifestations and three ways of unlocking, opening oneself to the Other: ontological, ontic and virtual. Their description forms the basis of synergetic an­thropology. Going beyond anthropology in the established sense of the word, synergetic anthropology, developed by Sergey S. Horujy, goes beyond the scope of philosophy. Arising on the basis of Orthodoxy, this discipline also goes be­yond Christianity and can become the center around which all the disciplines of modern humanitarian knowledge will unite.

The 60th anniversary of the Department of Philosophy and Cultural Studies

The article describes the main stages of formation and development of the Department of Philosophy and Cultural Studies within the context of the history of the Ural State Mining University. The current state and prospects of the Department are analyzed according to its three main activity: teaching and methodological, research and development, and social education. Academic subjects are developed to meet the requirements of modern educational policy and aimed at developing students’ universal and professional competences. The subject of scientific research at the department reflects trends in modern humanitarian knowledge development. The social education of the Department is aimed at finding new forms of career guidance counselling. The mission of the Department in the strategic development of the university is defined.

Трагедия И.В. Гете «Фауст»: от образа к символу

The problem of the symbolic in the context of modern humanitarian knowledge occupies a special place in connection with the statement of the dialogue of cultures and eras and the need to determine the origins of interpretation. The article presents an analysis of the image of Faust and the theme of love from the position of the theory of the symbol. It is argued that, going beyond the boundaries of the part of the tragedy of J. W. Goethe, the image of Faust becomes something that in its meaning approaches the symbol. This phenomenon is accompanied by transformation into other specific incarnations and refraction of worldview constructs. The paper discusses the features of the theory of the symbol of Russian researchers of the twentieth century: A. F. Losev, Y. M. Lotman, S. S. Averintsev. The interpretation of the theme of love is based on the philosophical views of V. S. Solovyov. It is concluded that both a work of art, its episode, and an image can be fully covered only through the theory of symbol.

Creative and research segments of European humanism: Development of a single cultural space

The relevance and theoretical weight of the mentioned topic of research consists in the definition of the phenomenon metamodernism, which, in modern humanitarian knowledge and in literary and artistic practice, determines the need to distinguish and analyse segments of European humanism as means of in-depth reproduction, nuance and personalisation of historical and cultural stages, in the context of the specified systematisation of the movement of segments from the middle of the 19th to the first two decades of the 21st century. The main goal of this study, considering the creative and research potential of segments that contributed to the gradual layering of specific features of European humanism, is the reconstruction of arguments for and against those processes that caused the development of a single cultural space. The basis of the methodological approach in this study is the principles of historicism with the assignment of analytical, comparative, and chronological approaches to the determination of a wide range of issues that are of significant importance in the context of the stated topic. In the course of carrying out this research, results were obtained that have significant theoretical and practical significance, because they contribute to the further scientific and theoretical understanding of the dynamics of the European humanistic movement from the second half of the 19th to the first two decades of the 21st century, and can be used in lectures on aesthetics, philosophy, cultural studies, history and the theory of art for students of humanitarian and artistic creative universities. The results obtained during the implementation of this research, and the conclusions formulated on their basis, are of significant importance in the context of determining the key trends in the recognition of the creative and searching tendencies of European humanism, which play an important role in the process of forming a single cultural space.

Терміносистема сучасної медіалінгвістики в міждисциплінарних контактах

The article substantiates the thesis about the interdisciplinary nature of media linguistics as an innovative field of modern knowledge. Therefore, media linguistics is an interdisciplinary humanitarian discipline that studies the functional potential of language means in mass communication. The research potential of neoscience is described and systematized in an "Media Linguistics: Dictionary of Terms and Concepts" (Kyiv, 2013) innovative lexicographic edition, which gave an impetus to analyze the terminology of the modern neo-direction through the prism of ten years. Among the perspective tasks, the authors note the interpretation of language as a instrumentality for modeling information and influencing public opinion, taking into account the challenges of the information age, studying unexpected angles of analysis of linguistic and stylistic resources in the media, etc. A separate task is the formation and analysis of the media-linguistic terminology in the context of the diffuseness of modern humanitarian knowledge. As for every innovative science, the development and description of a terminological system, which must correspond to logic, integrity, monosemacy, clarity, motivation, and relevance, remains problematic for media linguistics. The complexity of this process, as stated in the article, is revealed due to the syncretic relationships of the analyzed terminology system with other, tangential to it, fields – psychology, sociology, cultural studies, law, cybernetics, social communications, etc. On the material of media dictionaries not only of Ukrainian, but also of Polish, German and English languages, the author analyzed the terms and concepts in the specified interdisciplinary contacts, which allows to prove the integral nature of media linguistics and determine its place in the system of modern sciences of the socio-humanitarian block.

Трансформация гендерной культуры современного общества: интерсекциональный подход

In modern gender studies the rejection of the concept of binary gender oppositions in favor of studying intra-gender differences is becoming more obvious. The relevance of the stated topic is related to the need for modern humanitarian knowledge in a better analysis of gender cultural transformations in the modern society and in the more detailed study of its main components. The aim of the study is to systematize the present ideas about the intra-gender hierarchy within the intersectional and fragmentary approaches, as well as to analyze the specifics of public perception of gender variations cultural interpretation based on the empirical research conducted by the authors. Based on the obtained results, the authors interpret the gender culture of society from the point of view of its basic components, formulate and update the main conceptual issues regarding the value content of modern gender culture. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that the primary relevance of further study within the intersectional approach is the reproductive component of gender culture as one of gender inequality feature.

Theology in a new paradigm

Interview with Dmitry Shmonin, Director of the Institute of Theology of St. Petersburg University, professor of St. Petersburg Orthodox Theological Academy and ss. Cyril and Methodius Institute for Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, Chairman of the Expert Council of the Higher Attestation Commission under the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia in Theology, editor-in-Chief of the journal “Issues of Theology”. D. V. Shmonin is devoted to the place and role of theology in the domestic academic and educational space. Topics covered include: theology and worldview; normativity of theology in modern society; confessionality of theology; the specificity of religious thinking in the three Abrahamic traditions, as well as in Buddhism; theology and religious tradition; criticism in theology as a science; the importance of ancient and medieval heritage; the specifics of the domestic experience of the presence of theology in the educational space. Questions were raised about the status of the so-called ecumenical theology and the Anglo-American “philosophy of religion” as a non-denominational apologetic theology. The relationship between the dogmatic core of theology and scientific and theological research “on the margins” of this unchanging core is discussed. The author proposes, in connection with theology, to talk about a new educational paradigm that does not repeat the ancient one, which is impossible in modern conditions, but draws valuable and relevant from it. The main task is to secure a reliable place for theology in the domestic context as an academic discipline (or a set of disciplines) within the framework of modern humanitarian knowledge, including that transmitted in the educational process. This talk is a contribution to the ongoing debate about theology as a science, both institutionally and substantively.

The Role of Intellectual Islamic Heritage in the Discourse of Modern Islamic Philosophy

The article deals with the role of classical falsafa heritage in the modern Islamic philosophical discourse. Based on interpretations of texts of modern Islamic philosophers, the authors come to the conclusion about the relevance of the philosophical heritage of the past for the development of directions and methodologies of modern humanitarian knowledge. Conducting a comparative analysis of the doctrines of the Islamic Middle Ages and modern philosophers, the authors substantiate the commonality of approaches to the conceptualization of subjectivity, obligation, and existence. Modern Islamic philosophy is an experience of interaction between philosophy and theology. In Islamic philosophy, ethical questions were posed in connection with the discovery of moral consciousness in man. Human being, defined by moral sense, is understood by Islamic philosophers as a moral sensible being, in which a moral man and a moral society are formed. Exploring this issue, the authors have come to understand the integrity of modern Islamic philosophy, its interpretation as a philosophy of morality and moral philosophy.

ДИСКУРСИВНА ЛЕКСИКОГРАФІЯ У ПРОСТОРІ ЗАХІДНОЇ НАУКИ

The development of discursive lexicography in modern Ukrainian linguistics, which corresponds with similar American and Western European practice is conceptually argued in the article. A new lexicographic search based on the proposed scientific problem allows to understand the challenges facing modern linguistics in its adequacy to the needs of modern societies in the information age, and to create new dictionaries that will meet the requirements of time and communicative space. The authors analyze the factors that led to the development of discursive lexicography in the modern world. The model of dictionaries of a new type represents neolinguistic directions of modern humanitarian knowledge and as a result is considered in the context of social needs of the post-information age. Media and legal linguistics, business and political linguistics, imageology and linguistic expertise, communicative directions of advertising, branding, PR, etc., — in these modern sciences research methods, models, characteristics, conceptual scope of terminology intersect in order to optimally provide linguistics with new search ideas and lexicographic practices. The structure and peculiarities of the lexicographic description in the dictionaries of the discursive type «Medialinguistics: dictionary of terms and concepts» and «Legal linguistics: dictionary of terms and concepts» — innovative scientific editions in Ukrainian linguistics of the 21st century — are considered and justified. The dictionaries were created with attention to American and Western European studies in media and legal linguistics, communicative studies, functional stylistics, which allows correlating the lexicographic experience in compiling of the discursive dictionaries. The authors conclude that the tasks of modern discursive lexicography are focused on the formation of a holistic scientific cognition and systematic professional knowledge in the process of language communication.

Analysis of the potential of religious tourism in Ukraine

The article generalized and methodological bases of religious tourism, its potential abilities and shown territorial aspect of its development are discovered and systematized. Religious tourism is not an integral part of the modern tourism industry. People all over the world are increasingly choosing pilgrimage and sightseeing tours of religious centers. Based on the analysis of the existing research of the problem of religious tourism, which were carried out mainly in the context of historical-religious andtourism studies, the thesis presents a cultural analysis of the definition of the essence of the problem of religious tourism, which is based on the following fundamental principles: interdisciplinarity, regionality, personalism, dialogism as an aspect of a broad problem of communication, the continuous improvement of the conceptualcategorical apparatus. The article reveals that the number of Christians in the world is growing and Christians are the majority among pilgrims. The study shows that the majority of Ukrainians are Christians and there are great possibilities for religious tourism development. The author shows themost attractive icons of The Mother of God and saint springs among religion tourist. The methodology of the research applies cultural, phenomenological, and religious studies methods in revealing the essence of pilgrimage tourism in the system of modern humanitarian knowledge. Scientific novelty of the work expands the concepts of spiritual tourism, pilgrimage, religious, and philosophical ethnography and their influence on the formation of the modern tourism industry. Religious tourism as a sociocultural phenomenon attracts unique conditions for familiarizing with different religions and cultures; establishing a dialogue, friendly relations with representatives of other customs and beliefs from different countrieswhich allows comparing socio-cultural experience.

Methodological features of the study of «combat films» in the United States of 1941-1945

In modern studies on the history of wars, a fairly popular direction is the study of information discourse specifics. A special role in this discourse is played by propaganda through cinematography, which uses images, historical symbols and stable metaphors, the appeal to which can form a certain public reaction. The study of the main aspects of this topic is impossible without recourse to interdisciplinary methods of the humanities, developed as a result of a number of turns in the development of modern humanitarian knowledge, including anthropological, linguistic, cultural, calling to study the perception of the world, human behavior in the past in the totality of socio-economic, political, cultural practices adopted in the studied society at a given time. In addition, an appeal to the methods of historical imagology will make it possible to trace the evolution of the process of visualization and mythologization of the Second World War in US cinematography more accurately. Without the study of the basic principles, methods, mechanisms and tools of this process it is extremely difficult to understand the peculiarities of the development and interaction of cinema and US propaganda at subsequent historical stages and the present. American scientists have achieved significant results in the study of directors creative biographies, in the specifics of their interaction with federal government bodies, and in the analysis of the activities of the Office of War Information in the field of cinematography.

Научная школа Ольги Михайловны Медушевской: момент истины в российском гуманитарном познании

This article proposes a typology of research schools from the point of view of their contribution to research, offering criteria for their definition and parameters of their impact on the scholarship. Definition of the “research school” concept is necessary for its sociological and scientific study, as well as for limiting its substance, which is often perceived too vaguely, and, as a result, reconstruction of research process is replaced with emotionally colored characteristics. All schools operating in the modern research space can be conditionally divided into three large groups: original, secondary (which develop the first), and nominal (created by administrative resource of academic supervisors to promote their interests and to ensure their status). This typology permits to determine real research potential of schools. It can be stated that research (original) schools are rare; various hybrid variants predominate, matching some criteria of original school. A genuine research school is the highest achievement of scientific thought and its long development; its turning point (sometimes defined as a new research paradigm) is a cornerstone for future achievements. These achievements are possible when they do not deny mechanically the contribution of previous research, but include implicitly its achievements, re-determining their place in the new system of scientific coordinates. This is the point of scientific progress — progression of human thought from less to more complete and evidence-based representation of reality. The research school of O. M. Medushevskaya is a unique example of a true humanitarian and historical school in Russia at turn of the 21st century that matches the exact definition of research school in its authentic meaning. This article is to prove of this thesis. The author proposes a system of seven criteria for assessing the potential of research schools. Systemic contribution of O. M. Medushevskaya and her school in progression of scientific ideas has been demonstrated according all these criteria in order to summarize its role in the transformation of modern humanitarian knowledge.

«Мы оба учились у Густава, пророка Эдмунда на Руси». Александр Реформатский и Роман Якобсон о живом языке и внутренней речи

The article reflects on the philosophical origins of semiotic and structuralist ideas that developed in linguistics in the 1960s. and have not lost their signifi­cance for the development of modern humanitarian knowledge. Appeal to them is not just of historical and scientific significance. They bring us back to the sub­jects that are important for the actualization of Russian philosophical thought of the 20th century. A.A. Reformatsky and R.O. Jakobson were Shpet’s students and communicated with him in various philosophical and scientific communi­ties. The author traces how Shpet’s phenomenological and hermeneutical con­structions influenced Reformatsky’s phonological research and R. Jacobson’s communicative linguistic concept. Shpet’s influence on Jakobson has already been studied in the historical and philosophical literature, but this comparison is not enough to reveal the scientific potential of Shpet’s ideas in their entirety, since it does not allow us to evaluate the transformations that these ideas experi­enced after they migrate to the humanities in 1960 in USSR. An appeal to the conceptual constructions of Reformatsky opens up an opportunity for us to rein­terpret the role of Shpet’s ideas in the development of the science of language and trace their further return to philosophy. But the phrase “We both learned from Gustav…”, expressed by Reformatsky in a letter to Jakobson in 1975, to­day can be attributed not only to philologists and linguists but also to philo­sophers. The purpose of this article is to show the methodological potential of Shpet’s ideas, transferred by Jakobson and Reformatsky to linguistic grounds, for modern philosophical approaches to the phenomenon of language.