Mobile Communication Technology Research Articles

Assessing Cell Viability and Genotoxicity in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Exposed to 2100 MHz and 2300 MHz Electromagnetic Field Radiations

The escalating utilization of wireless electronic devices, notably cellular phones, has led to a substantial augmentation in the levels of electromagnetic field radiation (EMF-r) within the environment. Consequently, an imperative arises to investigate the impact of these radiations on biological systems, specifically on plants. In this study, we examined the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of 2100 MHz and 2300 MHz EMF-r on the Trigonella foenum-graecum L. test system, evaluating parameters such as percentage germination, growth characteristics, biochemical activities, cell viability and chromosomal aberrations. The roots and shoots of T. foenum-graecum L. were exposed to 2100 MHz and 2300 MHz EMF-r for varied exposure durations (0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h and 8 h/day) (at a power density of 10.0 dBm). Substantial reductions in root and shoot lengths were observed after a exposure period of 4 h and 8 h at a frequency of 2100 MHz and 2300 MHz. Genotoxic studies revealed both physiological and clastogenic effects of EMF-r, as evidenced by an increase in chromosomal aberrations (CAs). Biochemical analyses demonstrated elevated malondialdehyde levels and activities of various antioxidative enzymes following 2 h and 4 h per day exposure to 2100 MHz and 2300 MHz EMF-r. Chromosomal aberrations increased by 2.88% to 14.86% and 2.84% to 18.49% (0.5 h to 8 h per day) exposure to 2100 MHz and 2300 MHz, respectively when compared to that of the control group. Exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF-r) at both 2100 MHz and 2300 MHz resulted in reduced cell viability. This study examines the impact of electromagnetic fields (EMF-r) at 2100 MHz and 2300 MHz on plant root meristems. The results reveal more pronounced genotoxic effects at 2100 MHz, highlighting the frequency-dependent nature of EMF-r impacts. By providing insights into these frequency-specific effects, this research addresses a critical gap in understanding how EMF-r influences plant cellular health and offers guidance for mitigating potential environmental risks from mobile communication technologies.

Reliability Assessment of Power Distribution Cyber–Physical Systems Considering the Impact of Wireless Access Networks

With the rapid increase in the number of various terminal devices in distribution systems, the important impact of communication networks on power supply reliability in cyber–physical distribution systems (CPDSs) is becoming increasingly prominent. The traditional wired communication method makes it difficult to meet the demand in some scenarios due to high cost and construction difficulty. For this reason, this study evaluated the reliability of power distribution cyber–physical systems, considering fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication technology wireless access conditions. First, a reliability model of a communication channel in a 5G communication network was established, and the indirect impact of information system failure on the power distribution system was analyzed. Secondly, a reliability assessment method based on the improved least path method was devised by combining switch action failure, self-healing processing, and load transfer. The simulation results show that 5G communication technology has significant advantages in improving system reliability, and the proposed method is closer to the development direction of future power distribution systems, which provides an effective reference basis for the optimized operation of power distribution cyber–physical systems.

Use of mobile communication technology to overcome vaccine skepticism

Despite significant advances in clinical medicine, infectious diseases and their prevention remain the leading problem of our time. Low literacy of the population reggarding immunization, combined with high activity of the anti-vaccination movement, creates unhealthy skepticism about immunoprophylaxis and the risks of epidemics. The work uses theoretical analysis of literature, methods of anonymous questionnaires of students of medical and non-medical specialties, methods of statistical and bioinformatics data processing, and modern internet technologies: the platform of the social network “Vkontakte” and the program for creating a chatbot “Senler”. The analysis of commitment to vaccination of medical and non-medical students showed that 65.8% to 96.2% of respondents have a positive attitude to preventive health measures. From 1.9% to 6% believe the disease is easier to treat than to prevent, and almost 30% of respondents do not think about prevention and diseases in general, considering themselves young. Almost 10% of non-medical students (1 group) consider vaccination useless, 8.4% dangerous for immunity, 18.3% know nothing about vaccinations and cannot compare the benefits of vaccination with the risk of infectious pathology. In order to form medical literacy of the population, including in strategic issues of preserving the health of the nation, the team of authors developed and implemented through the social network “Vkontakte” chatbot “Vaccine and point” containing up-to-date information about vaccines, methods multiplicity and age features of their use. People [n = 156] used the chatbot during the month of work, noting its high informational value, motivating to vaccination. Analysis of commitment to vaccination of students of medical and non-medical specialties showed an insufficient level of trust in domestic preventive medicine, which forms an unhealthy attitude to vaccine prevention. Insufficient vaccine coverage creates real threats to the spread of infectious diseases at the population level. Developed and implemented in real practice, the “Vaccine and point” chatbot is an effective tool for increasing the knowledge of compatriots about the real possibilities of protection against the main vaccine-controlled infections and an additional attempt to overcome anti-vaccination skepticism.

Construction and Application of a Private 5G Standalone Medical Network in a Smart Health Environment: Exploratory Practice From China.

To date, the differentiated requirements for network performance in various health care service scenarios-within, outside, and between hospitals-remain a key challenge that restricts the development and implementation of digital medical services. This study aims to construct and implement a private 5G (the 5th generation mobile communication technology) standalone (SA) medical network in a smart health environment to meet the diverse needs of various medical services. Based on an analysis of network differentiation requirements in medical applications, the system architecture and functional positioning of the proposed private 5G SA medical network are designed and implemented. The system architecture includes the development of exclusive and preferential channels for medical use, as well as an ordinary user channel. A 3-layer network function architecture is designed, encompassing resource, control, and intelligent operation layers to facilitate management arrangements and provide network open services. Core technologies, including edge cloud collaboration; service awareness; and slicing of access, bearer, and core networks, are employed in the construction and application of the 5G SA network. The construction of the private 5G SA medical network primarily involves system architecture, standards, and security measures. The system, featuring exclusive, preferential, and common channels, supports a variety of medical applications. Relevant standards are adhered to in order to ensure the interaction and sharing of medical service information. Security is achieved through mechanisms such as authentication, abnormal behavior analysis, and dynamic access control. Three typical medical applications that rely on the 5G network in intrahospital, interhospital, and out-of-hospital scenarios-namely, mobile ward rounds, remote first aid, and remote ultrasound-were conducted. Testing of the 5G-enabled mobile ward rounds showed an average download rate of 790 Mbps and an average upload rate of 91 Mbps. Compared with 4G, the 5G network more effectively meets the diverse requirements of various business applications in prehospital emergency scenarios. For remote ultrasound, the average downlink rate of the 5G network is 4.82 Mbps, and the average uplink rate is 2 Mbps, with an average fluctuation of approximately 8 ms. The bandwidth, performance, and delay of the 5G SA network were also examined and confirmed to be effective. The proposed 5G SA medical network demonstrates strong performance in typical medical applications. Its construction and application could lead to the development of new medical service models and provide valuable references for the further advancement and implementation of 5G networks in other industries, both in China and globally.

A Power Control and Intervention Algorithm for Co-Existing IMT Base Stations and Satellite Services

IMT-2020 (International Mobile Telecommunications-2020) is the prevailing mobile communication technology at the moment, significantly affecting societal progress. Nevertheless, the roll-out of the IMT-2020 system has introduced numerous interferences to existing services. The coexistence with fixed satellite services has become a topical issue currently under consideration. This paper discusses the compatibility and interference issues between IMT-2020 and the 14 GHz FSS (fixed-satellite service) uplink, as well as the spectrum access issue solved by artificial intelligence methods. The study shows that the interference from IMT-2020 macro-base stations to FSS space stations exceeds the ITU standard by approximately 10 dB. To control the interference, a partition-based power control algorithm is proposed, which divides ground base stations into multiple areas and virtualizes each area’s base stations into a single large base station then applies power control to maximize the total transmission power of the base stations within the area. Furthermore, three intra-partition power control algorithms are introduced: average power allocation, power allocation based on channel gain, andna power allocation method based on the maximum intra-partition sum rate. Additionally, under the assumption that dynamic satellite nodes are available in the system for ground user access, a spectrum access algorithm utilizing deep reinforcement learning is designed. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, which can reduce the interference from the IMT-2020 system to the FSS service below the threshold, ensuring harmonious coexistence of the two services.

A rapid fingerprint positioning method based on deep convolutional neural network for MIMO-OFDM systems

The combination of fingerprint positioning and 5G (the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) offers broader application prospects for indoor positioning technology, but also brings challenges in real-time performance. In this paper, we propose a fingerprint positioning method based on a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) using a classification approach in a single-base station scenario for massive multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems. We introduce an angle-delay domain fingerprint matrix that simplifies the computation process and increases the location differentiation. The cosine distance is chosen as the fingerprint similarity criterion due to its sensitivity to angular differences. First, the DCNN model is used to determine the sub-area to which the mobile terminal belongs, and then the weighted K-nearest neighbor (WKNN) matching algorithm is used to estimate the position within the sub-area. The positioning performance is simulated in a DeepMIMO indoor environment, showing that the classification DCNN method reduces the positioning time by 77.05% compared to the non-classification method, with only a 1.08% increase in average positioning error.

Theoretical investigation of Rayleigh-type surface acoustic waves with high electromechanical coupling coefficient in c-axis-tilted ScAlN film/3C-SiC substrate structure

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators are essential components of mobile communication technology. Advanced performance SAW resonators are needed to support beyond fifth-generation mobile communication technology, which aims to achieve unprecedentedly high data rates and low latency using wide frequency bands in the RF spectrum. This study theoretically investigates the propagation characteristics of a non-leaky Rayleigh-type SAW (RSAW) propagating in a c-axis-tilted ScAlN film/3C-SiC substrate structure. By appropriately selecting the c-axis tilt angle and the film thickness of the ScAlN film, a high electromechanical coupling coefficient (K2) value was obtained in the second-mode RSAW (Sezawa wave). The maximum K2 value for the Sezawa wave was 8.03%, with a phase velocity of 7456 m/s and a power flow angle of 0° under the structural conditions where the K2 value was maximized. These properties offer significant advantages for achieving wide frequency bands, high operating frequencies, and ease of design for SAW resonators. The structural conditions under which good propagation characteristics were obtained in the Sezawa waves were found to coincide with the conditions that maximize the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the quasi-longitudinal wave in the ScAlN film, and a significant increase in the shear vertical component of Sezawa wave particle displacement was observed. Additionally, ScAlN films with a 40% Sc concentration can be fabricated using sputtering and molecular beam epitaxy. Recent advancements have reported the production of high-quality 3C-SiC wafers and large 3C-SiC film/silicon wafers. Therefore, the c-axis-tilted ScAlN film/3C-SiC substrate structure shows great potential as a candidate for next-generation SAW resonators.

Modern Applications of Fiqh in Hajj: Analyzing Islamic Legal Responses to Contemporary Issues

This study analyzes the adaptation of Hajj Fiqh to technological developments and social changes in the modern context. By looking at recent developments, including the use of technologies such as mobile applications, information systems, and communication technologies, as well as updates in Hajj procedures and protocols, this study highlights the response of scholars and fatwa institutions to the demands of the times. Recent data shows that there has been an increase in the number of fatwas relevant to the use of technology, health, and the environment in the performance of Hajj. By analyzing the role of clerics, governments, and technologists in addressing the challenges of modern Hajj, this study offers suggestions for further encouraging technological innovation, increasing health and environmental awareness, fostering collaboration among stakeholders, and strengthening the role of religious authorities. It is hoped that the results of this study will help guide decision makers in improving the efficiency, safety, and sustainability of the Hajj in the future.

포스트모던 박물관 시대에 인터랙티브 미디어를 활용한 무형 문화유산 살아있는 전시 방안 연구

This study addresses challenges in the living exhibitions of intangible cultural heritage through interactive media, providing curators with clear design strategies. It outlines the characteristics of these exhibitions and the technical features of interactive media, summarizes the difficulties encountered, and proposes effective solutions. The results show that cross-platform data integration and cross-industry collaboration help curators accurately distinguish between the appearance and essence of living exhibitions. The development of mobile communication technology is transforming how interactive media is presented, and the integration of 5G provides stable support for dynamic displays across time and space. Participatory audience interaction platforms expand engagement channels and fundamentally shift the unequal relationship between museums and visitors.

Chinas 5G Communication Technology Development Status and Countermeasures

With the acceleration of the global informatization process, 5G communication technology, as a new generation of mobile communication technology, with its advantages of high speed, low delay and large connection, has brought great development opportunities for all walks of life. This paper mainly analyzes the development status, challenges and countermeasures of Chinas 5G communication technology, and looks forward to the future development trend. In general, Chinas 5G communication technology has made remarkable achievements in policy support, infrastructure construction and technological innovation, but it still faces some challenges. In order to better promote the development of Chinas 5G communication technology, we need to increase policy support, strengthen industrial chain coordination, improve innovation capacity, improve regulatory policies and regulations, promote the integration of 5G technology and vertical industries, and pay attention to 5G security and privacy protection and other issues.

Soil Nutrient Analysis and Automatic Monitoring in Precision Agriculture

ABSTRACT The higher productivity from soil can be achieved through Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) technology; for this reason, the implementation of WSNs in precision agriculture is increasing day by day. Among the different technologies for crop monitoring, WSNs are recognized as a powerful option for collecting and processing data in the agricultural domain, with low cost and low energy consumption. The ultimate aim of this paper is to predict the precise values of soil nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) using a machine learning (ML)-based mathematical model formulation. The proposed system will use Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) technology to automatically monitor soil parameters. It transfers soil data over the mobile network using a GSM modem. In the hardware part, sensor node units were developed to fetch and load data through the energy-efficient GSM, utilizing a bi-directional multi-level text messaging option to improve the alarm system’s efficiency. The system contains sensors such as potential of hydrogen and humidity (PH), which are used to monitor soil data collected from the sensors by the microcontroller. Additionally, as a novel contribution, machine learning based on regression models is applied to the NPK data. A novel data interpolation approach is proposed for data oversampling. The R2 values are compared, achieving nearly 99.5% accuracy in all cases. This paper focuses on various challenges and scalability issues encountered in research and discusses different results obtained by monitoring various soil parameters in a real-time agricultural environment.

Interference mitigation using optimised angle diversity receiver in LiFi cellular network

Light-fidelity (LiFi) is an emerging technology for high-speed short-range mobile communications. Inter-cell interference (ICI) is an important issue that limits the system performance in an optical attocell network. Angle diversity receivers (ADRs) have been proposed to mitigate ICI. In this paper, the structure of pyramid receivers (PRs) and truncated pyramid receivers (TPRs) are studied. The coverage problems of PRs and TPRs are defined and investigated, and the lower bound of field of view (FOV) for each PD is given analytically. It is shown that the lower bound of FOV for TPR and PR are 20° and 30°, respectively. The impact of random device orientation and diffuse link signal propagation are taken into consideration. The performances of PRs and TPRs are compared, and optimised ADR structures are proposed by jointly considering the impact of tilt angle, FOV, and the number of PDs. For a transmitter-bandwidth limited system, the optimal PD values are 6 for PR and 9 for TPR, whereas, for a receiver-bandwidth limited system, the optimal PD value is 15. In addition, the double source (DS) cell system, where each LiFi AP consists of two sources transmitting the same information signals but with opposite polarity, is proved to outperform the single source cell (SS) system in interference limited or noise-plus-interference limited scenario. However, the SS cell system outperforms the DS cell system in a noise-limited scenario.

Multi-Path Data Transmission System Based on 5G Communication Technology

Due to the current problems of 5G(5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) networks such as discontinuous coverage, poor coverage performance, and insufficient uplink rate, the real-time transmission performance of 5G networks has been greatly affected, and cannot meet the growing needs of high-speed communication and applications based on the Internet of Things. This paper aims to improve the transmission effect of 5G communication technology by improving the algorithm. By analyzing the problems of existing 5G bandwidth estimation algorithm, this paper proposes a Westwood-based coupling adaptive bandwidth estimation algorithm, and describes the algorithm ideas involved in the algorithm point-by-point. Moreover, this paper uses adaptive bandwidth estimation algorithm to update the slow start threshold in the fast retransmission phase, which makes the congestion window size of path transmission more reasonable. Simulation results show that the congestion control algorithm proposed in this paper improves the accuracy of link bandwidth estimation to a certain extent, improves the link congestion situation and improves the throughput of multipath transmission links. This article can be applied to the algorithm in multipath data transmission to further improve data processing efficiency and processing speed.Therefore, the improved method in this paper can be used in the practice of 5G communication to further improve the efficiency of 5G communication.

Cloud-Edge Collaborative Optimization Based on Distributed UAV Network

With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, edge intelligence has received widespread attention from academia. However, when enabling edge intelligence in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks where drones serve as edge devices, the problem of insufficient computing power often arises due to limited storage and computing resources. In order to solve the problem of insufficient UAV computing power, this paper proposes a distributed cloud-edge collaborative optimization algorithm (DCECOA). The core idea of the DCECOA is to make full use of the local data of edge devices (i.e., UAVs) to optimize the neural network model more efficiently and achieve model volume compression. Compared with the traditional Taylor evaluation criterion, this algorithm consumes less resources on the communication uplink. The neural network model compressed by the proposed optimization algorithm can achieve higher performance under the same compression rate.

Research on the influence mechanism of college students' mainstream consciousness leadership under the background of mobile Internet

In recent years, the rapid innovation and popularization of mobile communication and new media technologies have brought about profound changes in the mode of social information dissemination. For college students whose ideological values are still in the critical period of development and change, how to enhance their mainstream ideological leadership in the mobile Internet era and guide the ideological and behavioral development of college students with socialist ideology guided by Marxism has become a common focus of attention in society and academia. At present, the research on the mainstream ideological leadership of college students in the academic community mainly focuses on the negative impact of modern communication technologies such as new media on the ideological work of colleges and universities and the corresponding countermeasures, while the theoretical core and internal composition of the mainstream ideological leadership, as well as the deep impact logic, positive and negative impacts and systematic improvement paths of the technological and social changes in the mobile Internet era on the mainstream ideological leadership of college students are still insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to go beyond the research perspective of traditional college ideological education management, deeply explore the basic connotation and force composition of the mainstream ideological leadership, systematically analyze the deep impact logic of the mobile Internet era on the mainstream ideological leadership of college students, sort out its improvement opportunities, and explore the structural dilemmas in it, and propose a systematic path for improving the mainstream ideological leadership of college students.

IRS-assisted UAV wireless powered communication network for sustainable federated learning

Intelligent reflective surface (IRS) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication are indispensable potential technologies in the future sixth-generation mobile communication technology (6 G). Utilizing the high beamforming gain of IRS and the high mobility of UAV can achieve ubiquitous network coverage and ensure a high-quality communication environment. Wireless Powered Communication Network (WPCN) is an emerging green communication technology network that converts received radio frequency (RF) signals into electrical energy to power Federated Learning (FL) users. FL users perform local computing and model transmission through the collected energy, ensuring the sustainability of FL. In order to solve the problems of complex communication environment, privacy protection, and energy constraints on terminal devices, we design an FL system based on an IRS-assisted UAV wireless power communication network, which minimizes the UAV transmission energy by jointly optimizing UAV location, IRS phase shift, and resource allocation strategies. We use a low-complexity iterative algorithm to solve this complex non-convex problem. The simulation results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is obviously better than that of other benchmark schemes, indicating that joint optimization plays an essential role in improving the performance of the system.

Scaling-up 5G adoption in smart ports: barriers and enablers

ABSTRACT As the fifth generation of mobile communication technology, 5G is predicted to be a significant focus for investment by the logistics industry in the coming years. One area where it is expected to have a significant impact is ports, enabling further digitization and the development of Smart Ports. The aim of this paper is to investigate the barriers and enablers to 5G adoption, focusing on the UK port industry. Data has been collected from nine senior representatives from the UK port sector as well as two technology providers. Potential use cases are identified, along with barriers and enablers to their adoption. These including building a business case with appropriate use cases, the trade-off between legacy systems and 5G capability, technology maturity, skill development within the workforce, and the role of government in supporting innovation. This work contributes by giving insights into the challenges when introducing 5G within the port environment. Research of 5G applications in logistics currently focuses more on the technological applications rather than the business implications from adoption.

Resource allocation scheduling scheme for task migration and offloading in 6G Cybertwin internet of vehicles based on DRL

AbstractAs vehicular technology advances, intelligent vehicles generate numerous computation‐intensive tasks, challenging the computational resources of both the vehicles and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). Traditional IoV struggles with fixed network structures and limited scalability, unable to meet the growing computational demands and next‐generation mobile communication technologies. In congested areas, near‐end Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) resources are often overtaxed, while far‐end MEC servers are underused, resulting in poor service quality. A novel network framework utilizing sixth‐generation mobile communication (6G) and digital twin technologies, combined with task migration, promises to alleviate these inefficiencies. To address these challenges, a task migration and re‐offloading model based on task attribute classification is introduced, employing a hybrid deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm—Dueling Double Q Network DDPG (QDPG). This algorithm merges the strengths of the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) and the Dueling Double Deep Q‐Network (D3QN), effectively handling continuous and discrete action domains to optimize task migration and re‐offloading in IoV. The inclusion of the Mini Batch K‐Means algorithm enhances learning efficiency and optimization in the DRL algorithm. Experimental results show that QDPG significantly boosts task efficiency and computational performance, providing a robust solution for resource allocation in IoV.

Mobile Learning and Resource Sharing Mode of College English Translation Based on 5G Mobile Communication Technology

The application of 5G and other mobile communication technologies to education and teaching, and the construction of College English Translation mobile learning and resource sharing model and related models have important scientific value and significance for the effective organization and management of learning resources and the improvement of the speed and efficiency of college english translation resource retrieval. This research mainly combines the characteristics of complementarity and expansion of mobile learning technology for traditional online learning technology. Based on Moodle online teaching platform, this research develops a mobile learning and resource sharing mode for college english translation based on 5G mobile communication technology, designs and implements a mobile learning model based on Moodle platform, and designs the system architecture, functional modules, learning mode and learning process, Finally, the main functional modules of the system model are implemented and tested. To promote mobile learning in the teaching field to play a helping role in a wide range. The experimental results show that the AKAZE algorithm is used to optimize the model, and the overall accuracy rate reaches 74.7%, and the test probability value P (siq)=0.00, which is significantly less than the significant level of 0.05. Therefore, we believe that the application of mobile learning instructional design mode will help students improve their academic performance.

Exploration of Big Data Information Network Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology

The rapid development of the Internet has changed people s work and life. The use of network technology, mobile communication technology and cloud computing technology has greatly improved the efficiency of data collection and transmission. While the rapid development of the network provides convenience for human beings, it also puts forward new requirements on network security, data protection, information overload, information divide and so on. However, while enjoying these conveniences, we should pay more attention to the safety management of AI and make it a research focus. Currently, the degree of completeness of AI needs to be improved. The big data network based on artificial intelligence can better cope with the complex and severe network security problems, enhance the security guarantee ability of multi-dimensional network, and promote the progress of national network science and technology.