Mn Salts Research Articles

A Novel Metal-Containing Mesoporous Silica Composite for the Decolorization of Rhodamine B: Effect of Metal Content on Structure and Performance.

A series of novel MnxFey@SiO2 (x,y = 1-20%) nanocomposites were synthesized for the first time via the sol-gel/combustion method with different content of precursors (Mn and Fe acetate salts). The effect of precursor content and ratio on physicochemical properties were observed by various characterization methods. Moreover, Rhodamine B (RhB) was chosen as the target pollutant to test the performance of these nanocomposites under a photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction. The results showed that the nanocomposite morphology improved by increasing Fe and Mn content. In this study, interesting behavior was observed in BET results which were different from the fact that increasing metal content can decrease the surface area. This study revealed that one metal could be more critical in controlling the properties than another. Moreover, the precursor ratio appears to have a more tangible effect on the surface area than the effect of precursor content. Among all synthesized nanocomposites, Mn1Fe5@SiO2 showed the highest surface area of 654.95 m2/g. At optimum batch conditions (temp = 25 °C, catalyst dosage = 1 g L-1, H2O2 = 75 mmolL-1, and initial RhB concentration = 50 mg L-1), complete removal (simultaneous adsorption/degradation) occurred using Mn1Fe5@SiO2 at neutral pH. This study showed that the designed nanomaterial could be used as a dual functional adsorbent/photocatalyst in different environmental applications.

Spin crossover mediated by hydrogen bonds in iodine-substituted manganese complexes

The reaction of Mn(Ⅱ) salts prepared with (5-I-sal-N-1,5,8,12)2− ligand where the hexadentate ligand is the product of the reaction of 5-iodosalicylaldehyde and N,N’-bis(3-aminopropyl)ethylenediamine in situ in MeOH/EtOH provided five complexes, [Mn(5-I-sal-N-1,5,8,12)]Y (Y = PF6− (1), AsF6− (2), SbF6− (3), BF4− (4), ClO4− (5)). All complexes crystallize without crystallizing solvents, except 4 with a H2O solvent molecule. Different structural features and magnetic profiles have been observed in complexes 1 − 3. Owing to the cooperativity of the NH···F and NH···I hydrogen bonds and I···π, I···F interactions, complexes 1 and 3 persist in the HS state at 2 − 400 K while complex 2 shows a gradual SCO with T1/2 is about 265 K. Hirshfeld face analysis reveals that the presence of different interactions in complexes 1 − 3. With decreasing the temperature, complex 4 undergoes an almost full SCO with T1/2 = 272 K, while complex 5 shows an incomplete SCO and remains 50% HS state until 30 K.

Synthesis and Study of Complexes of 3,4-Bis(diphenylphosphinyl)-2,5-dimethylhexa-2,4-diene with Mn(II) Salts

Synthesis and Study of Complexes of 3,4-Bis(diphenylphosphinyl)-2,5-dimethylhexa-2,4-diene with Mn(II) Salts

Influence of the Capping Ligands on the Self‐Assembly of Cyanido‐Bridged Mn(II)‐Fe(III) Aggregates: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Electrochemical and Magnetic Properties

Reaction of Mn(II) salts with a meridional tricyanido iron(III) linker, [Fe(bbp)(CN)3]2− (H2bbp=bis(2-benzimidazolyl)pyridine) was investigated in presence of two different N-donor blocking ligands. Two heterometallic Mn(II)/Fe(III) aggregates viz. [Mn(cptp)2][Fe(bbp)(CN)3] ⋅ 3H2O (1) (cptp=4’-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2’ : 6’,2’’-terpyridine) and [Mn(CH3OH)2(μ-NC)3Fe(bbp)]n (2) are isolated and characterized by using analytical, spectroscopic, structural, electrochemical and magnetic investigations. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis show that compound 1 is a heterobimetallic complex salt, while compound 2 is a cyanido bridged Mn(II)−Fe(III) ladder shaped chain. The electrochemical behaviours of both compounds 1 and 2 exhibit multiple redox accessible states associated with the corresponding metal centres. Investigation of magnetic properties of 2 manifest interplay of antiferromagnetic interaction between low-spin Fe(III) and high-spin Mn(II) ions.

Facile synthesis of manganese–copper–zirconium mixed oxide nanocomposites: A potential electrode material for high performance supercapacitors

Amorphous MnO2/CuO/ZrO2nanocompositeswere synthesized by facile hydrothermal method at 120 °C. The nanomaterialswere prepared from KMnO4 with Mn, Cu and Zr aqueous salts. The mixed oxide active materials were produced through three different molar ratios. The synthesized nanocomposites demonstrated a phase mixer of tetragonal-MnO2, monoclinic-CuO and tetragonal-ZrO2. The ultrahigh specific capacitance of 1964F/g at a current density of 1A/g was achieved for the nanocomposite MnO2/CuO /ZrO2synthesized at a mole ratio 1:2:1. Based on the electrochemical performance; the nanomaterial synthesized at higher mole percentage of copper has shown a high-rate capability of 20.93 Wh/kg at constant power discharge of 4013.10 W/kg. These findings interrogated that Manganese Copper, Zirconium mixed nanocomposite is proved to be an excellent electrode material for energy storage devices.

Candidate for Catalyst during Water-Oxidation Reaction in the Presence of Manganese Compounds, from Nanosized Particles to Impurities: Sleep with One Eye Open.

Water-oxidation reaction (WOR) catalysts are critical for energy conversion. WOR is a four-electron oxidation and sluggish reaction. WOR needs a high thermodynamic driving force; it is also a kinetically slow reaction. Different compounds have been used for WOR; among these compounds, Mn materials have proven to be interesting because Mn is low-cost and also nontoxic, at least compared to many transition metals. Naturally, it has also been used in the biological water-oxidizing complex (WOC). Indeed, WOR has occurred on a huge scale in natural photosynthesis.For a long time, efforts have been made to design and synthesize various ligands and generate Mn compounds toward WOR catalysts. However, the addition or removal of electrons inside Mn compounds during harsh WOR conditions can lead to the formation or the breakage of bonds and result in the conversion of a precatalyst to a catalyst.Here, our findings on the conversion of Mn compounds to catalysts during WOR are presented. Many Mn compounds have been claimed to be catalysts for WOR in the presence of various chemical oxidants or under electrophotochemical conditions. Currently, the advances in characterization techniques and different spectroscopic methods have enabled a better understanding of catalysts. Different conversions such as that of the Mn complex to Mn oxide and Mn salts to Mn oxide during WOR have been explained. Indeed, the morphology and size of the Mn oxide formed depend on several factors such as the origin compounds, pH, ligands, and conditions. Thus, different Mn compounds show different activities toward WOR. The biomimetic models with Mn-Ca clusters are also decomposed during WOR. On the other hand, stable Mn complexes such as Mn phthalocyanines, which are very stable in the absence of potential, are easily decomposed during WOR. It is noted that for many of these Mn compounds, two steps result in the formation of Mn oxide during WOR: (i) Mn(II) or (III) leaching into the electrolyte and (ii) deposition of the leached Mn ions into the solution.Considering these steps, it can be seen that challenges remain in the area of Mn compounds, given the fact that even in the catalytic cycle at low oxidation numbers no Mn(II) or (III) should be leached to the electrolyte.

Constructing "Closed" and "Open" {Mn8} Clusters.

Use of the 1,3,5-tri(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane ligand, LH3, in manganese chemistry affords access to two structurally related {Mn8} clusters: a “closed” {MnIII6MnII2} puckered square wheel of formula [Mn8L2(LH)O3(OH)2(MeO)2Br(imH)(H2O)3](Br)3 (1; imH = imidazole) and an “open” {MnIII8} rod of formula [MnΙΙΙ8L2O4(aibH)2(aib)2(MeO)6(MeOH)2](NO3)2 (2, aibH = 2-amino-isobutyric acid). In each case the triaza ligands, L/LH, direct the formation of {Mn3} triangles with their N atoms preferentially bonding to the Jahn–Teller axes of the MnIII ions. Subsequent self-assembly is dependent on the anion of the Mn salt and the identity of the organic coligand employed—the terminally bonded imidazole and the chelating/bridging amino acid. The {Mn3} triangles fold up on themselves in 1, forming a wheel. However, the syn, syn-bridging carboxylates in 2 prevent this from happening, instead directing the formation of a linear rod. Magnetic susceptibility and magnetization measurements reveal competing ferro- and antiferromagnetic interactions in both complexes, the exchange being somewhat weaker in 1 due to the presence of MnII ions.

Hydrothermal synthesis of CuMn2O4/CuO nanocomposite without capping agent and study its photocatalytic activity for elimination of dye pollution

The problem of water pollution is a great concern. Elimination of dye pollution from the solvent phase by adsorption is a necessary aspect of research. In this work, Cu-based spinel nanocomposites were synthesized without using any surfactant, via a hydrothermal method at 180 °C for 12 h, they can help us to solve the waste disposal problem. The Cu (II) and Mn (II) nitrates with a stoichiometry ratio of 1:2 were used as precursors. This method involves the hydrolysis of Mn and Cu salts in aqueous solution using ammonia as a pH regulator. In order to optimization the morphology and structural characterization of the nanocomposites, effects of the reaction time and temperature were investigated. XRD patterns confirmed formation CuMn2O4/CuO nanocomposites. VSM showed an antiferromagnetic behavior for the nanocomposites in high fields. It is due to the super exchange interactions between the Mn ions. Also, VSM displayed a moderate ferromagnetic behavior with a coercivity of 134 Oe in low fields. The photocatalytic performance of the nanocomposites was examined against the organic dyes of malachite green, eriochrome black T, and methyl orange. CMO NCs exhibited their higher photocatalytic activity in the presence of 0.07 g CMO NC for the degradation of MG solution with 10 ppm concentration. MG contaminant photodegradation was 73.27% after 90 min in this condition.

Synthesis, spectroscopic and physico-chemical studies of novel pigments derived from Lithol Rubine

PurposeThe pursuit of manufacturing new inks with low financial cost is an urgent economic demand. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to synthesize some new pigments derived from Lithol Rubine (LR) via a successful simple route and to investigate their physicochemical properties for usage in the inks industry.Design/methodology/approachTwo novel pigments were generated during the reaction of LR with Mn(II) and Co(II) salts in ethanolic solutions. The obtained pigments were isolated as solid compounds and characterized through elemental analysis, UV–vis, Fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR spectra, oil absorption, specific gravity, melting point, molar conductivity and magnetic moment measurements. Their dyeing and durability characteristics were examined using American Standard Testing Methods. The synthesized pigments were then applied in inks formulation.FindingsThe printing inks containing the two new pigments (LR–Mn and LR–Co) were compared to (GF 59-606 and GF 59-616), respectively. The results of this study showed that the performance of newly prepared pigments was comparable to that of commercial pigments currently in use in the inks industry.Practical implicationsLR and its new derivative pigments can be used in other different applications such as paper coating, crayon, rubber and paint industries.Originality/valueThe authors designed an efficient synthesis for some novel pigments. The synthesis technique is featured by a short reaction time, high yields and ease of use. The pigments developed would be good and cost-effective substitute for the original commercially available and expensive pigments used in the inks industry.

Modulating the electrocatalytic activity of N-doped carbon frameworks via coupling with dual metals for Zn\u2013air batteries

N-Doped carbon electrocatalysts are a promising alternative to precious metal catalysts to promote oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, it remains a challenge to design the desired active sites on carbon skeletons in a controllable manner for ORR. Herein, we developed a facile approach based on oxygen-mediated solvothermal radical reaction (OSRR) for preparation of N-doped carbon electrocatalysts with a pre-designed active site and modulated catalytic activity for ORR. In the OSRR, 2-methylimidazole reacted with Co and Mn salts to form an active site precursor (MnCo-MIm) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) at room temperature. Then, the reaction temperature increased to 140 °C under an oxygen atmosphere to generate NMP radicals, followed by their polymerization with the pre-formed MnCo-MIm to produce Mn-coupled Co nanoparticle-embedded N-doped carbon framework (MnCo-NCF). The MnCo-NCF showed uniform dispersion of nitrogen atoms and Mn-doped Co nanoparticles on the carbon skeleton with micropores and mesopores. The MnCo-NCF exhibited higher electrocatalytic activity for ORR than did a Co nanoparticle only-incorporated carbon framework due to the improved charge transfer from the Mn-doped Co nanoparticles to the carbon skeleton. In addition, the Zn–air battery assembled with MnCo-NCF had superior performance and durability to the battery using commercial Pt/C. This facile approach can be extended for designing carbon electrocatalysts with desired active sites to promote specific reactions.Graphical

Binuclear manganese(II)-thiolate complexes: Synthesis, characterization and nitrite induced structural changes

The hitherto unexplored reactivity of Mn(II) towards thiolates has been investigated. The reaction of a hydrated Mn(II) salt with HN-Et-HPTB (N,N,N´,N´-tetrakis(2-(1-ethylbenzimidazolyl))-2-hydroxy-1,3 diaminopropane) and Et3N yielded, [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(DMF)4]3+ (1), while the use of MnCl2 yielded [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(Cl)(DMF)2]2+ (2). Further treatment of 2 with Et4NCl, produced [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(Cl)2]1+ (3). Treatment of either 1 or 3 with NaSPh produces [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(SPh)2]1+ (4). The reaction of a hydrated Mn(II) salt with HN-Et-HPTB and Et3N in the presence of R1COSH(R1 = Me, Ph), R2COOH (R2 = p-SH-C6H4, HS-CH2CH2) and PhCOONa, under similar conditions yielded [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(SCOR1)]2+ (R1 = Me, 5a; Ph, 5b), [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(µ-OOCR2)]2+ (R2 = p-SH-C6H4, 6a; HS-CH2CH2, 6b) and [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(PhCOO)]2+ (6c), while the use of 2-mercapto pyridine (o-SH-Py) or 4-mercapto pyridine (p-SH-Py) yielded [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(o-S-Py)]2+ (7) and [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(p-S-Py)]2+ (8). Further reaction of 1, 6c, 5b and 7, with NO2⁻ yielded [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(κO2-NO2)2]1+ (9), [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(κO2-O2CPh)(κO2-NO2)]1+ (10), [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(κOS-SCOPh)(κO2-NO2))]1+ (11) and [Mn2(N-Et-HPTB)(κOS-o-S-Py)(κO2-NO2))]1+ (12), respectively. Complexes 10–12 revealed interesting structural changes involving coordination mode shift of the carboxylate/thiocaboxylate bridges. Interestingly, further reaction of 9 with 4 equiv of PhSH (to remove the coordinated NO2⁻ as HNO2) yielded 4 and diphenyldisulfide via formation of PhSNO upon reaction of HNO2 and PhSH.

Structural diversities in the Zn(II), Mn(II) and Cd(II) coordination polymers induced by metal ions and/or anions

Under the same solvothermal conditions, nine novel coordination polymers (CPs), [Mn(L)(Cl)(H2O)] (1a), [Mn(L)(H2O)2]·(NO3) (2a), [MnL]·(HSO4)·MeCN·2H2O (3a), [Zn(L)2]·H2O (1b), [Zn(L)2] (2b and 3b), [Cd(L)]·Cl (1c), [Cd(L)(NO3)] (2c) and [CdL]·(HSO4)·2.5H2O (3c), were synthesized using a new ligand, namely 4-(2-chloroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-[2,4′-bipyridine]-6-carboxylic acid (HL). The Zn(II) CPs 1b-3b are similar 1D chains and their structures were mediated by the trigonal bipyramidal geometry of the Zn(II) cation, not by the counter-anions. However, when using Mn(II) and Cd(II) salts bearing various counter-anions (Cl−, NO3− or SO42−) as reagents, the Mn(II) (1a-3a) or Cd(II) (1c-3c) CPs do reveal different structures, which were induced by different anions acting as either a coordinated anion or a counter-anion for balancing the charge of 1a-3a or 1c-3c. When the larger NO3− anion replaced the Cl− anion, the 1D molecular box chain of 1a with a coordinated Cl− anion was changed to the 2D brickwall-type network of 2a with NO3− only as a counter-anion. However, the NO3− anion still could be coordinated to larger volume of the Cd(II) cation, leading to a 3D framework for 2c. Moreover, CPs 3a and 3c are isostructural, which could be induced by the much larger tetrahedral HSO4− counter-anion. Furthermore, the luminescent properties of the CPs have been investigated. The present work provides a promising approach to design and construct CPs or MOFs by adjusting metal salts bearing various counter-anions.

Synthesis, crystal structure, DFT studies and Hirshfeld surface analysis of Manganese(II) and Cadmium(II) coordination polymers of 2-aminopyridine and dicyanamide

Mn(II) and Cd(II) metal salts reacted with dicyanamide and 2-aminopyridine resulted in the formation of the ligand-rich linear polymeric chain structures [M(dca)2(2-Ampy)2]n (dca = dicyanamide, 2-Ampy = 2-Aminopyridine; M = Mn (1) or Cd (2)), of the same dimensionality, in which the metal centers are μ1,5-bridged by the dca anions. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, thermal analysis and single crystal X-ray structure analysis. These coordination polymers crystallize in the Monoclinic space group Cc. The 3D crystal packing structure results from a combination of N—H/H—-N interactions followed by CH—π stacking interactions. Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis of the polymers was undertaken to investigate further the intermolecular interactions. DFT calculations on 1 and 2 demonstrated a good correlation between the experimental and theoretical data. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the manganese complex against selected micro-organisms is also reported.

Two Mn(II) and Zn(II) Coordination Polymers: Aqueous-Phase Detection of Nitroaromatic Explosives and Protective Effect on Atherosclerosis.

Via the solvothermal reaction between Zn(II) or Mn(II) salts and 5-(3,4-dicarboxylphenoxy)nicotinic acid (H3L) ligand, a trifunctional N,O-building block having three diverse kinds of functional groups (O-ether, N-pyridyl and COOH), two new coordination polymers (CPs) could be generated, and their chemical formulae respectively are {[Mn3(L)2(H2O)2]·4H2O} (1) and {[Zn(HL)]·NMP} (2). The complex 2 based on Zn(II) possesses high efficiency of fluorescence quenching for the nitrophenol (2,4,6-trinitrophenol, TNP; 4-nitrophenol, 4-NP; 3-nitrophenol, 3-NP; 2-nitrophenol, 2-NP) in the aqueous solution. Furthermore, the treatment activity of compounds on the atherosclerosis was assessed, and relevant mechanism was investigated. First of all, the ELISA assay was used to measure the content of the inflammatory cytokines released into the plasma. Besides, the levels of the NF-κb signaling pathway in the vascular endothelial cells were measured with real time RT-PCR. The hemolysis test was conducted in this research to measure the biocompatibility of the new compound.

Sorption of the Main Dose-forming Radionuclides of Nuclear Power Plants Drain Water on Natural Bentonite in the Process of their Co-ozonation

The article presents the general pattern of the combined process of oxidative decomposition of organic components of simulated nuclear power plant (NPP) drain water and sorption interaction of the imitators of main dose-forming radionuclides (Cs – radiolabel for 137Cs; stable isotopes of Co, Sr, Mn salts) on natural bentonites from the Cherkasy deposit in presence of sorption-reagent compounds — iron (II) and manganese (II) salts. Hydroxides, oxyhydroxides and oxides of Fe and Mn formed during ozonation are predominantly localized on the surface of bentonite. The chemical composition of the main elements of bentonite after drain water ozonation with the addition of iron and manganese salts remains almost the same as that of natural bentonite. The phase composition of bentonite is presented by the main rock-forming mineral montmorillonite and secondary mineral quartz. The iron-containing phases of the ozonised bentonite are Fe(II)- Fe(III) layered double hydroxides (Green Rust), goethite α-FeOOH and magnetite Fe3O4, and the manganese-containing phases are hausemannite Mn3O4, manganese oxide (II) and manganese oxyhydroxide MnO(OH)2. The iron- and manganese-containing phases deposited on the bentonite surface during ozonation are predominantly weakly crystallized or amorphized structures. At the concentration of salts of iron (50 mg/dm3) and manganese (100 mg/dm3) in the drain water, the specific surface area of bentonites with the formed layer of iron and manganese hydroxides, (oxy)hydroxides and oxides increases compared to natural bentonite (34.2 m2/g) and equals to 55 and 51 m2/g, respectively. The degree of radionuclide removal during ozonationof the simulated solution with the initial concentration of cations (Fe2+ — 5 mg/dm3; Mn2+ —10 mg/dm3; Ca2+ — 5 mg/dm3) in the presence of natural bentonite is 137Cs — 78% ± 2%, Sr2+ —97.55% ± 1%, Co2+ — 96.5% ± 1%, Mn2+ — 99.7% ± 0.5%. To preserve the efficiency of 137Cs and Co2+ radionuclide removal, the initial concentration of cations in the solution can be increased to the following values: Fe2+ — 50 mg/dm3, Mn2+ — 100 mg/dm3, Ca2+ — 50 mg/dm3, and to: Fe2+ —500 mg/dm3, Mn2+ — 1,000 mg/dm3, Ca2+ — 500 mg/dm3 for Sr2+ and Mn2+ removal.

Phase transformations in the nickel phosphide system induced by transition-metal doping and their electro-catalytic study

Nickel phosphides were formed from Ni salt in TOPO/TOP or HDA/TOP and phase transformations from Ni2P to Ni5P4 and vice versa was observed by doping with Cu or Mn salts. Doping effect on phase transition and electrocatalytic properties is studied.

Synthesis of biocompatible Fe3O4 and MnO2 nanoparticles for enhanced tuberization in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Iron oxide (Fe3O4) and manganese dioxide (MnO2) Nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via green synthesis approach using beetroot (Beta vulgaris) leaf extract and evaluated as nanofertilizer for studies of In-vitro microtuberization of potato. Successfully biogenesis of NPs were demonstrated through UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and TEM analysis. In-vitro micortuberization analysis, single nodal explants of potato were placed on media (Murashige-Skoog plant growth medium devoid of original Fe and Mn salt) added with different concentrations of metal oxide-NPs, and physiological, biochemical and molecular changes were observed via using standard methods. The interaction of the NPs with the nodal explants significantly induced early tuber induction and tuber growth upon application of Fe3O4NPs (4.0 mg L-1) and MnO2NPs (1.0 mg L-1) in comparison to untreated potato tissues. Molecular analysis of potato tissues revealed enhanced expression of primary tuber inducing genes viz. Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases (StCDPK), Calmodulin (StCaM1), and Lipoxygenase (StLOX) enzyme activity show a positive correlation of tuber induction with added NPs. Further elemental analysis via EDX exhibited that the addition of biocompatible metal oxide NPs in the growth media induced the cytosolic Ca+2 burst leading to enhanced expression of major tuber induction pathway genes resulting in early and enhanced potato tuberization. Absorption of metal-oxide NPs in microtubers was evaluated by FTIR and EDX mapping. This study is the first report on the molecular mechanism involved in regulating NPs induced the potato tuberization under In-vitro conditions. The study also indicated that application of the metal-oxide NPs as nano-nutrient to enhanced potato microtuber production.

THE CHEMICAL AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF NATURAL ZEOLITES AND THEIR SORPTION PROPERTIES DURING OZONATION WITH DRAIN WATER FROM NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

The article reveals the regularities of the overall process of ozonolytic destruction of organic components of model drain water from nuclear power plants and sorption of imitators of the main dose-forming radionuclides (Cs — with the isotopic 137Cs label; stable isotopes of Co, Sr, Mn salts) by natural zeolite of the Sokyrnytsky deposit and sorption-reagent compounds — salts of ferrous and manganese (II). The chemical composition of the main elements of zeolite after ozonation with the addition of iron and manganese salts practically does not differ from the composition of natural zeolite. Its phase composition in the ozonation process in the presence of ferrum salts is represented by the main rock-forming mineral clinoptilolite and the secondary mineral — quartz. The main ferrum-containing phase on the zeolite surface is goethite. Secondary phases include Fe(II)-Fe(III) layered double hydroxides (Green Rust) and lepidocrocite, but their relative content is insignificant. For zeolites, after ozonation with the addition of both ferrous and manganese (II) salts, the main phases are clinoptilolite and quartz. Manganese-containing phases on the zeolite surface are represented by hausmannite Mn3O4, manganese (II) oxide, and manganese oxyhydroxide MnO(OH)2. The iron- and manganese-containing phases deposited on the surface of the zeolite in the process of ozonation are mainly characterized by a weakly crystallized or amorphized structure. The main sorbent of dose-forming radionuclides is zeolite, not the iron- and manganese-containing compounds that formed on its surface during ozonolysis. The maximum degree of sorption of 137Cs by zeolite is up to 90% when the concentration of Fe2+ is increased to 50 mg/dm3 or Mn2+ to 100 mg/dm3. The degree of cobalt sorption is 97.5% at the initial typical concentration of competing cations (Fe2+ — 5 mg/dm3; Mn2+ — 10 mg/dm3) and when Mn2+ concentration increases to 100 mg/dm3. The maximum degree of extraction of Sr2+ and Mn2+ is 99.4% and 99.9%, respectively. For effective extraction of 137Cs and Co2+ by zeolite in the ozonation process, an increase in the concentration of competing Fe2+ cations is permissible — 50 mg/dm3; Mn2+ — 100 mg/dm3 in solutions. The efficiency of extraction of Sr2+ and Mn2+ practically does not depend on the concentration of competing cations (Fe2+, Mn2+) in the drain water solutions.

Characterization, Cyto-Genotoxic and Antimicrobial Tests of New Compounds Synthesized from the Diuretic Triamterene with Zn(Ii) and Mn(Ii) Salt

Characterization, Cyto-Genotoxic and Antimicrobial Tests of New Compounds Synthesized from the Diuretic Triamterene with Zn(Ii) and Mn(Ii) Salt

Inverse-spinel Mg2MnO4 material as cathode for high-performance aqueous magnesium-ion battery

Aqueous magnesium ion batteries (AMIBs) are promising energy storage systems due to their low cost and environmentally friendly. However, the strong electrostatic attraction of Mg2+ limits the selection of cathode materials for AMIBs. Here, an inverse-spinel Mg2MnO4 material is reported as high-performance cathode for AMIBs. Mn-salt additive is used to construct a reversible manganese oxide (MnO1.44) on the surface of Mg2MnO4 electrode, which not only suppresses the dissolution of Mn element of Mg2MnO4 material but also promotes the transfer of Mg2+. The battery is fabricated by Mg2MnO4 cathode, polyimide (PI) anode and 1 M MgSO4 + 0.1 M MnSO4 electrolyte. Benefiting from the addition of Mn salt, the Mg2MnO4//PI system delivers a discharge capacity of 70.7 mA h g−1 at 100 C and capacity retention of 89% over 10,000 cycles. An impressive energy density of 60.1 Wh kg−1 is obtained at a power density of 15,300 W kg−1, which benefits from the pseudocapacitance character of Mg2MnO4 cathode and PI anode. This work pushes the AMIBs a brand-new stage.