Glycoalkaloids in potatoes: exploring health effects, analytical techniques, occurrence, mitigation measures.

Effects of roads on animals and mitigation measures in Asia

Bird and bat mortality at wind farms in South America: Lessons from monitoring and mitigation practices in Chile.

Soil-to-plant transfer and radiological risk assessment of naturally occurring radionuclides in vegetables from Ilorin, Nigeria.

Auralisation of train pass-bys for virtual reality demonstration of combined noise mitigation measures

Why do "highly stable" pigments still deteriorate? - Clam powder and azurite's mechanisms and laws of photodamage using FTIR and visible reflectance spectroscopy.

Tracing marine litter sources along the Barcelona coastline: Insights from observations and numerical modelling.

Impact of GHG mitigation measures in sanitation service chains: A focus on septic tanks and sewers.

Development of a Comprehensive Urban Resilience Assessment Framework : Flood Vulnerability Conditions and Risk Mitigation Measures

Microplastic contamination across trophic levels in a lowland spring watercourse of Northwestern Italy: New insights and biomonitoring implications.

ABSTRACT Groundwater is the primary water source for agricultural development in Souk El Arbaa. It supports various uses, especially irrigation in the Gharb region of Morocco. This study evaluates the suitability of groundwater for irrigation in the Souk El Arbaa region, Morocco, using key water quality indices, including salinity (EC), sodium (Na %, SAR, PI, KR, RSC, RSBC), magnesium, and chloride hazards. Results revealed significant variability in groundwater quality. High salinity levels rendered 50% of the samples unsuitable for irrigation, posing risks of soil salinization and reduced crop productivity. Sodium-related indices showed that while most samples posed minimal risk, some indicated potential threats to soil structure and permeability. Magnesium hazard exceeded safe limits in three samples, and chloride concentrations in seven samples surpassed 350 mg/l, raising concerns about plant toxicity and soil degradation. Wilcox and USSLS diagrams confirmed the unsuitability of certain samples without mitigation measures. These findings highlight the need for integrated water and soil management strategies, such as gypsum application, organic matter addition, and improved irrigation techniques, to minimize risks. Regular groundwater quality monitoring is crucial to sustain agricultural productivity in the region. Future studies should examine the long-term impacts of irrigation practices and evaluate mitigation strategies. Future studies should consider integrating seasonal variability and socioeconomic factors influencing water use in agriculture.

Rwanda’s Nyabarongo catchment frequently experiences floods, highlighting the need for effective flood susceptibility analysis and management. This study mapped flood susceptibility in the catchment using the random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) models, as well as various conditioning factors including elevation, curvature, aspect, distance to river (DTRiver), Distance to road (DTRoad), normalized difference vegetation index, slope, curve number, topographic wetness index (TWI) and rainfall. RF was the best performing model with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.968 and an F1-score of 0.92, demonstrating its high performance and robustness in flood susceptibility analysis. In addition, RF, combined with SHAP, provided both robust and interpretable results. The study found that DTRiver, TWI, DTRoad, and slope had the highest influence on model predictions, while curve number had the least. RF classified the area into five flood susceptibility classes: very high (6%), high (9.6%), moderate (15.1%), low (26.6%), and very low (42.7%), accurately reflecting environmental and geo-topographic conditions. Based on these findings, mitigation measures can be designed to reduce flood risk in the Nyabarongo catchment. Additionally, the models have potential for application across Rwanda to improve flood susceptibility management and could be adapted for use globally.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important instrument in ensuring that all development activities are carried out sustainably without neglecting environmental protection aspects. This study aims to examine the development of the concept, regulations, and role of EIA in environmental management through a literature review approach. Various scientific sources were used to explore how AMDAL has developed since the enactment of the initial provisions on environmental management to the latest regulations that strengthen AMDAL's position as an instrument for environmental licensing and supervision. The results of the study show that AMDAL has a strategic role in identifying potential negative impacts, formulating mitigation measures, and ensuring the integration of development policies and environmental sustainability. In addition, regulatory changes over time indicate an increase in the government's commitment to environmental protection through the improvement of the AMDAL mechanism. Thus, AMDAL has become an instrument that is not only normative but also operational in realizing environmentally conscious and sustainable development.

Background: Climate change is one of the greatest global health challenges of the 21st century. India is especially vulnerable to climate change due to its geographic locations. The impacts of climate change on urban areas are complex. The concentration of population in urban areas increases the complexity of response to such extreme weather events due to various reasons like lack of resources, capacities, and expertise. Aims and objectives were to assess the knowledge and attitude towards climate change and to determine the perception of health effects due to climate change. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design with closed ended questions, face-to-face interview using a pre-tested questionnaire. Study was conducted with 385 participants and data were analysed using descriptive statistics with measures like Mean and SD for quantitative variables, percentages for qualitative variables. Results: Participants were majority aged between 41-60 years (37.76%), 60.1% were male, 41.1% belonged to upper lower socioeconomic class. 74% participants had good knowledge towards climate change, 63.14% participants had positive attitudes towards climate change mitigation measures and 88.05% participants had good perception of health effects due to climate change. Conclusions: Despite adequate baseline knowledge, gaps persist, necessitating targeted IEC (information, education, communication) interventions to improve public engagement and policy responsiveness, as 19.26% were unaware of the word climate change and gave neutral responses and an average of 70% agreed on statement that, government is not doing enough on climate change. The study recommends to enhance the awareness among the population through targeted IEC/BCC activities.

The growing complexity of wastewater pollution caused by rapid industrialization, urbanization, and emerging contaminants has exposed the limitations of conventional treatment technologies. This review explores the transformative role of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in addressing these challenges through advanced adsorption, photocatalysis, and disinfection mechanisms. Various nanomaterials—including carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, metal oxides, nano-clays, and hybrid nanocomposites—have demonstrated significant potential in removing heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, and microbial contaminants from wastewater. The study also discusses green synthesis approaches that promote environmentally benign nanomaterial production and the integration of nanotechnology with biological systems for enhanced pollutant degradation. Such nano-bioremediation techniques leverage the synergistic effects of nanoparticles and microorganisms to achieve higher treatment efficiency and resource recovery. However, despite their promising capabilities, concerns regarding nanotoxicity, bioaccumulation, and environmental persistence pose critical challenges to large-scale implementation. The paper underscores the need for standardized assessment frameworks, sustainable synthesis strategies, and risk mitigation measures to ensure that nanotechnology advances wastewater remediation without compromising ecological and human health.

Abstract Pitting corrosion of aluminum fins in coastal air‐conditioner units degrades heat‐exchange performance. This study quantifies pitting corrosion of 6063 aluminum fin assemblies under cyclic neutral salt spray. A salt‐spray protocol (720 h, 42 cycles) was applied to fins with different spacings, surface flatness, dehumidification/desalination strategies, and placement angles. Net mass change was measured by a loss‐on‐drying gravimetric method and analyzed statistically. Fins with smaller spacing and corrugated surfaces showed a mass increase of approximately 2% from adherent corrosion products after 31 cycles. This increase was substantially larger than for smooth, widely spaced fins, indicating that narrow spacing and poor flatness intensify pitting damage. Under summer conditions, periodic water‐mist spraying combined with enclosure and desiccant produced the lowest cumulative mass change among all mitigation measures. In contrast, ozone treatment yielded only modest. The installation angle also significantly affected pitting corrosion. After 42 cycles, vertically mounted fins exhibited a corrosion weight‐loss ratio of 12.1%, approximately three times that of horizontal fins (4.0%), while tilted orientations showed intermediate behavior. These results demonstrate that liquid‐film thickness and renewal significantly influence the pitting corrosion of coastal aluminum fins, providing quantitative guidance for fin geometry, dehumidification scheduling, and placement angle in coastal air‐conditioning design.

There are serious ecological and radiological risks associated with the release and buildup of man-made and natural radionuclides. These risks are particularly relevant for fossil fuel power plants located in residential and agricultural areas. High-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors were employed to analyze environmental samples, including soil, water, and plants collected around the West Delta fossil fuel power station in Egypt. The activity levels of both man-made and naturally occurring radionuclides, such as 226Ra, 228Ra, and40K, were measured, and the corresponding ecological and radiological hazards were assessed using several radiological hazard indices. The findings showed elevated concentrations of 226Ra, 228Ra, and40K specifically in agricultural areas near the power station, with some values exceeding internationally recommended guideline values. The calculated radioecological indicators highlight potential long-term exposure risks for nearby populations and ecosystems. These results indicate the need for targeted monitoring and site-specific mitigation measures in the most impacted areas. while providing essential baseline data for future environmental monitoring. This study provides the first comprehensive radiological and radioecological assessment around the West Delta power station, offering new baseline data for environmental monitoring and risk management.

Coal slag is a common byproduct during the operation of fossil-fired power plants. It often becomes a type of solid waste if no suitable utilization is performed. This study experimentally investigated the dynamic characteristics of mixtures of Q2 Lishi loess incorporating coal slag, with the aim of developing a sustainable method for loess improvement and waste disposal associated with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The loess samples underwent unconfined compressive strength (UCS) testing and dynamic triaxial assessments to obtain the mechanical performance at coal slag proportions of 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%. Microstructural characteristics were examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results indicate that the inclusion of coal slag significantly enhances both UCS and dynamic modulus, with strength improvements reaching up to 73.6% at a 5% slag content. A minimum slag content of 3% effectively reduced pore connectivity and facilitated improved load transfer within the soil matrix, whereas further increases in slag content produced marginal gains in mechanical properties. This approach directly addresses the challenge of solid waste disposal by repurposing industrial by-products, thereby reducing environmental footprint. Environmental assessments identified limited leaching risks, underscoring the need for appropriate mitigation measures to ensure environmental compatibility. The findings suggest that incorporating 3–5% coal slag optimally stabilizes loess soils, which contribute to SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) by offering a sustainable and resource-efficient alternative to conventional stabilization techniques.

Noise pollution has emerged as a significant environmental and public health concern due to rapid urbanization, industrialization, and increased transportation activities. This review thesis critically examines the existing literature on noise pollution, drawing upon studies conducted by various authors to analyze its sources, measurement techniques, impacts, and mitigation strategies. The review highlights major sources of noise pollution, including traffic, industrial operations, construction activities, and urban social environments. Emphasis is placed on the adverse effects of prolonged noise exposure on human health, such as hearing impairment, cardiovascular disorders, sleep disturbance, psychological stress, and reduced quality of life, as reported by previous researchers. Additionally, the review discusses noise assessment methods, standards, and indices commonly employed in environmental studies. Mitigation and control measures proposed by different authors - ranging from urban planning and policy interventions to technological and community-based solutions are also evaluated. By synthesizing findings from diverse studies, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of noise pollution and to identify research gaps that can guide future investigations and effective noise management strategies.

ABSTRACT Port resilience has become increasingly critical for sustaining global trade flows and supply chain stability, particularly in the volatile environment. The 5A framework (Alignment, Absorptive capacity, Adaptability, Agility, and Anti-risk capacity) provides a compreh ensive lens to assess port resilience amid these compounding challenges, enabling identification of vulnerabilities and strategic prioritization of mitigation measures. Despite the critical importance of these metrics, few literature provides integrated approaches that properly weigh them, often overlooking their synergistic effects on overall resilience. This study addresses these gaps by introducing an integrated approach that combines fuzzy logic, the entropy method, and a multi-attribute utility function to evaluate port resilience. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through an application to four representative coastal ports in China: Dalian Port, Shanghai Port, Ningbo-Zhoushan Port, and Guangzhou Port. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to validate the robustness of the approach, confirming its reliability and applicability in assessing port resilience. This study contributes to the field by (a) developing a comprehensive 5A assessment framework, (b) developing a hybrid methodology, (c) enhancing the integration of expert knowledge, and (d) providing practical guidance for port stakeholders and policy makers to identify areas for improvement and develop strategies to enhance resilience.