Mineiro Region Research Articles

Checklist for the intrahospital transport of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit

Checklists represent a simple tool incorporating barriers for protecting patient safety. The objective was to develop a script for patient evaluation for the intrahospital transport of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in the Triângulo Mineiro region, based on two strategies. The first: a descriptive, prospective and quantitative study; the second: integrative research, undertaken in four databases. It was ascertained that the incidents are related to breakdowns and problems related to poor functioning in equipment and devices, with adverse events being frequent involving variation in blood pressure, agitation, drops in peripheral arterial saturation and tachycardia. Emphasis is also placed on the need to verify the effectiveness of the present script for patient evaluation for intrahospital transport in relation to patient safety, and its level of practicality through its use in the varying hospital spaces, such that the same may become a checklist.

Parasitism of stink bug eggs(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) of soybean fields in the Triangulo Mineiro; Minas Gerais, Brazil

A survey of the seasonal occurrence of stink bug egg parasitoids was carried out in soy bean fields in the Triangulo Mineiro region, Minas gerias state Brazil

Caracterização fonológica dos segmentos vocálicos em Prata - MG

This article discusses the phonological characterization of vocalic segments through distinctive features, following a specification of features according to a more traditional approach. The features [high] and [ATR] are used to establish a distinction between mid vowels. Only [-ATR] is responsible for identifying a common group between low-mid vowels and the low vowel. The data collected in the city of Prata, located in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Brazil, reveal a considerable number of cases that indicate a motivated vowel lowering, especially through the process of vowel harmony. That means that, when in stressed syllable or contiguous position, the low-mid vowel and the low vowel interfere with the production of the low-mid vowel in pre-stressed syllable position. According to the Optimality Theory, more specifically the partial constraint ranking, it is possible to establish a ranking for the cases concerning a vowel harmony motivated by the feature [-ATR].

Socio-demographic, clinical and health behavior correlates of sitting time in older adults.

BackgroundIdentifying correlates of sedentary behavior in older adults is of major importance to healthcare. To our knowledge, there are no population studies in Latin America examining which factors are associated to high sitting time in older adults. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify socio-demographic, clinical, and health behavior correlates of sitting time in a representative sample of older adults living in Southeastern Brazil.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in twenty-four municipalities of the Triangulo Mineiro region in the State of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. A structured questionnaire was applied to obtain information on socio-demographic, clinical, and health behavior factors. Overall sitting time was assessed using a self-report instrument. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis was used to verify the association of sitting time with socio-demographic, clinical, and health behavior factors.Results3,296 older adults (61.5% women and 38.5% men) were included in the analysis. The overall median was 240.0 minutes of sitting time/day. The Multiple Correspondence Analysis showed that the group with the highest sitting time presented the following characteristics: women, age greater than 70 years, unschooled status, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, use of medication, poor self-rated health, dependence in basic activities of daily living, and absence of regular physical activity.ConclusionThis study reveals that socio-demographic, clinical, and health behavior factors are associated with high sitting time in older adults from Southeastern Brazil. The results may help to identify older adults that should be targeted in interventions aiming at reducing sitting time.

Trajectory and contribution of geoscientists (1906–1961) to dinosaur research in the Bauru Group (Cretaceous) in the Triângulo Mineiro region of Brazil

The present study discusses geological and paleontological research conducted by geoscientists in the Late Cretaceous Bauru Group, of the Triângulo Mineiro region, Brazil. This analysis based largely on historical documentary sources focuses on the pioneering work of geoscientists, who made numerous discoveries of dinosaur fossils. This work contributes to a chronological survey that has been compiled on the geological studies in the Bauru Group, and describes the importance of the paleontological discoveries made during the twentieth century.

Origin and distribution of the ischiatic nerve in mixed-breed sheep

Current research studied, by dissection, the origin and distribution of the ischiatic nerve in 30 fetuses of mixed-breed male or female sheep (Ovis aries), obtained from abortions, stillborns and natural deaths of pregnant females on farms in the Triângulo Mineiro region, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Formaldehyde 10% was injected through the cannulation of descending thoracic aorta and the material was kept immersed in the solution for at least 48 hours before dissection. The ischiatic nerve originated from the ventral branch of the last lumbar spinal nerve, either from the sixth lumbar spinal nerve (L6) or from the seventh (L7), when present, and from the ventral branches of first and second sacral spinal nerves (S1 and S2, respectively), and possibly from the ventral branch of third sacral spinal nerve (S3). The ischiatic nerve provided branches to the superficial gluteal, middle gluteal, accessory gluteal, deep gluteal, gemelli, quadratus femoris, adductor, biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles. The tibial and common peroneal nerves were the terminal branches of the ischiatic nerve, originating distally towards the greater trochanter of the femur bone. Wilcoxon’s test (0.05) showed that statistically there were no significant differences between the frequencies of the muscular branches of the ischiatic nerve and the antimeres, regardless of the number of muscular branches.

Changes in epidemiology of rotavirus in the Triângulo Mineiro region of Brazil: lack of two consecutive rotavirus seasons

Rotaviruses are the main cause of infantile acute diarrhea, and a monovalent (G1P[8]) vaccine against the virus was introduced into the Brazilian National Immunization Program for all infants in March 2006. The objectives of this study were to determine the rate and genotype distribution of rotavirus causing infantile diarrhea in the Triângulo Mineiro region of Brazil during 2011-2012 and to assess the impact of local vaccination. Fecal specimens were analyzed for detection and characterization of rotavirus using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and PCR-genotyping assays. Overall, rotavirus was diagnosed in 1.7% (6/348) of cases. Rotavirus positivity rates decreased 88% [95% confidence intervals (CI)=15.2, 98.3%; P=0.026] in 2011 and 78% (95%CI=30.6, 93.0%; P=0.007) in 2012 when compared with available data for baseline years (2005/2006) in Uberaba. In Uberlândia, reductions of 95.3% (95%CI=66.0, 99.4%; P=0.002) in 2011, and 94.2% (95%CI=56.4, 99.2%; P=0.004) in 2012 were also observed compared with data for 2008. The circulation of rotavirus G2P[4] strains decreased during the period under study, and strains related to the P[8] genotype reemerged in the region. This study showed a marked and sustained reduction of rotavirus-related cases, with a lack of rotavirus in the 2011 and 2012 seasons, suggesting a positive impact of the vaccination program.

A iniciação científica na formação dos graduandos em ciências contábeis: um estudo em uma instituição pública do triângulo mineiro

The objective of this study is to identify the main factors that motivate participation by accounting majors in the scientific initiation (SI) project at a public university located in the Triângulo Mineiro region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Interviews were conducted with students, faculty advisors, the accounting program coordinator and the university president. The main categories analyzed were the factors that motivate participation in the project and the students’ academic performance and professional activity. The results indicate that both for the students and advisors, the decision to participate in the SI project was motivated by predisposition to engage in research and interest in continuing to improve and expand knowledge.

English

Management and land use is one of the practices that tend to modify the chemical characteristics of the topsoil by tillage and deployment of diverse cultures isolated or consortium. From this perspective, the objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the availability of cations (calcium, aluminum and magnesium) and influence  the potential of zero charge and the point and salt effect null in oxisols under different management systems and use (preserved Cerrado, eucalyptus monoculture, corn under no-tillage and pasture with baquiária grass) in the Triângulo Mineiro region. Noting that the use and soil management changes the electrochemical conditions and a correlation between the availability of calcium and magnesium, with potential of zero charge and the point and salt effect null of the soils, but shows no correlation with the organic matter for the Cerrado soils in use with corn, pasture, eucalyptus and native Cerrado vegetation.   Key words: Nutrients, potential of zero charge, point of zero salt effect, Cerrado.

Portuguese

Among environmental subjects the necessity of rational practices and water savings is important in the containporaneous society. In the public schools the inadequate use of the water is frequent, as well as the existence of leakages in the hydraulical installations and the use of non-economic hydraulic equipments. This paper aims at evaluating the water consumption and perception index by the users concerning this natural resource in school. Specifically, factors were investigated in twelve public schools of the Minas Gerais State, located in the Triângulo Mineiro region. Through questionnaires, direct interviews and comments it was characterized the form as the water is used in the schools. Information was obtained for the calculation of water use perception index concerning its rational use, according to Ywashima (2005) methodology. It was observed some inconsistency between consumption indicator and perception index in the year 2011, possibly because of wrong data of monthly water consumption (error on hydrometer reading) and existence of leakages not detectable or error in the number of students in schools. In general, the water users have the knowledge of the attitudes to be employed to promote the water savings. Some actions for the rational use of water are proposed. Keywords: water consumption index, water rational use, perception index, public schools, Triângulo mineiro.

Tooth Marks of Mammalian Incisors on Rocky Substrate in Brazil: Evidence of Geophagy in the Cerrado Biome

Tooth marks on sandstone in an area of the Cerrado Biome are reported, indicating geophagy. The tooth marks were found on reddish sandstones cropping out in a pasture environment with typical components of the Cerrado Biome, in the Municipality of Campina Verde, Triângulo Mineiro region (west Minas Gerais State, Brazil). Studies have shown that the soil of the Cerrado is acid, with a low concentration of nutrients and minerals (also present in the plants living on this environment), which usually produce an alimentary deficiency in herbivorous animals. Therefore, these tooth marks indicate geophagy, in order to extract extra minerals from these sandstone levels, which have a high concentration of calcium carbonate and iron. The tooth marks consist of two parallel concave grooves and a medial prominent crest which results from the action of the incisors of mammals. Although the identification of the gnawing species for these sets of tooth marks are estimates at best, after wide comparisons we tentatively suggest that the tooth marks are most likely the result of the action of the incisors of rodents, such as Dasyprocta or Coendou.

Ticks on birds from Cerrado forest patches along the Uberabinha river in the Triângulo Mineiro region of Minas Gerais, Brazil

We herein describe ticks parasitizing birds in forest fragments along the Uberabinha River, a major watercourse that cuts through patches of remnants of Brazilian savannah in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Overall 352 birds from 62 species, overwhelmingly, Passeriformes, were captured with mist-nets. The most abundant bird species was Basileuterus hypoleucus (n=36), followed by Lanio penicillata (n=24) and Thalurania furcata (n=23). Thirty one birds, all Passeriformes, were found infested with 56 ticks from which 12 were larvae and 44 nymphs, all from the Amblyomma genus. Highest infestation prevalence was found on Taraba major (66.6%), Thamnophilus pelzeni (60%) and Saltator maximus (50%). The mean intensity of tick infestation was low (1.8 tick per infested bird) with most of the parasites located on the neck (60%) of birds, followed by the head (20%). All larvae were attached to the skin around the eyes of birds. Amblyomma nodosum was the most numerous tick species found attached to birds (n=23 nymphs, 52.3% of nymphs) followed by Amblyomma longirostre (n=5, 11.4% of nymphs). Ecological relationships are discussed.

Evaluation of the heating of broilers in shed by means of gas hoods and underfloor heating

This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the behavior of the heating inside poultry shed through gas hood and underfloor heating. The experiment was conducted in poultry shed belonging to the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Triângulo Mineiro Region, Uberlândia city – state of Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil. The dimensions of the shed are 24 meters long and 9.6 meters wide and with a ceiling height of 3.2 meters. The temperature was measured with an optical thermometer of Minipa brand, MT 350 model. It was used, to the analysis of temperature behavior, the public domain software FEMM 4.2, which uses finite elements techniques, with data collected from two lots. Underfloor heating is made using hot water flowing through a serpentine type system, which is installed below the bed; this hot water is from solar heaters. An energetic and economic assessment of the warming shed for raising chickens was realized. From the results obtained with the simulations, it may observe that the heating through the floor provides a more homogeneous distribution of temperature when compared with the hood heating. The flow of heat is upwards supplying, thus, the greatest need of heating of the bird, which is the pectoral part.

Prevalence and genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora belli in HIV-infected patients

Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora belli are monoxenic protozoa that have been recognized as the causative agents of chronic diarrhea in immunocompromised individuals, especially HIV-infected subjects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of these intestinal protozoa in HIV-positive patients in the Triângulo Mineiro region of Brazil and to correlate the presence of these infections with clinical, epidemiological and laboratory data of the patients. Oocysts were detected in stool samples of 10 (16.9%) of the 59 patients studied, while Cryptosporidium spp. were present in 10.1% (6/59) and C. belli in 6.7% (4/59). The frequency of these parasites was higher among patients with diarrheic syndrome and CD4+ T lymphocyte counts < 200 cells/mm 3 , demonstrating the opportunistic characteristic of these infections. A significant association was observed between the lack of adherence to antiretroviral therapy and the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and/or C. belli. Parasitism with Cryptosporidium spp. was more frequent in February and April, the months following the period of high rainfall. The same was not observed for C. belli. Genetic characterization of two isolates led to the identification of Cryptosporidium parvum, one of the main species associated with the zoonotic transmission of cryptosporidiosis.

HEPATOZOON SPP. IN A HOARY FOX (LYCALOPEX VETULUS) FROM UBERLÂNDIA, MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL Hepatozoon spp. na raposinha-do-campo (Lycalopex vetulus) em Uberlândia (MG)

Canine hepatozoonosis, which has been diagnosed in several regions of Brazil, can also affect wild canids. A male hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) was treated in August 2008 at the Center for Wildlife Studies of theVeterinary Hospital, Federal University of Uberlândia, in the municipality of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. After a preliminary clinical assessment, the fox was subjected to hematological and hemoparasiteexams, which revealed Hepatozoon spp. gametocytes in the blood smear. This is the first report of the presenceof Hepatozoon spp. in a hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) in the Triângulo Mineiro region.

First fossil record of amiid fishes (Halecomorphi, Amiiformes, Amiidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Uberaba, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Martinelli, A.G., Bogan, S., Agnolin, F.L., Ribeiro, L.C.B., Cavellani, C.L., Ferraz, M.L.F. & Teixeira, V.P.A., iFirst article. First fossil record of amiid fishes (Halecomorphi, Amiiformes, Amiidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Uberaba, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Alcheringa, 1–9. ISSN 0311-5518. The first fossil amiid fishes (Halecomorphi, Amiiformes) from the Late Cretaceous Marília Formation (Bauru Group) at Uberaba County, Triângulo Mineiro region (Minas Gerais State, Brazil), are described. The material includes some partial maxillae, a dermopterotic, a cleithrum, several vertebral centra and teeth. Features such as the absence of a supramaxillary notch on the dorsal edge of the maxilla, a wide and deep pit on the maxilla for the articulation of the premaxilla, anterior portion of the maxilla with a sub-circular cross-section, teeth with acrodine cup with strong mesial and distal keels, among others, permit confident referral of the material to the Subfamily Vidalamiine (Amiidae), previously recognized in Lower Cretaceous strata of northeasthern Brazil. These specimens constitute the first Late Cretaceous record of this group in Brazil and one of the few in South America. Agustín G. Martinelli [agustín_martinelli@yahoo.com.ar], Centro de Pesquisas Paleontológicas Llewellyn Ivor Price, Complexo Cultural e Científico Peirópolis (CCCP/UFTM), BR-262, Km 784, Bairro Peirópolis, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Sergio Bogan [sergiobogan@yahoo.com.ar], Fundación de Historia Natural ‘Félix de Azara’, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropología, CEBBAD—Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775 piso 7 (1405BDB), Buenos Aires, Argentina. Federico Agnolín* [fedeagnolin@yahoo.com.ar], Sección Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470 (C1405BDB), Buenos Aires, Argentina. Luiz Carlos Borges Ribeiro [lcbrmg@terra.com.br], Camila Lourencini Cavellani [camila@patge.uftm.edu.br], Mara Lúcia da Fonseca Ferraz [mara@patge.uftm.edu.br] and Vicente de Paula Antunes Teixeira [vicente@patge.uftm.edu.br], Centro de Pesquisas Paleontológicas Llewellyn Ivor Price, Complexo Cultural e Científico Peirópolis (CCCP/UFTM), BR-262, Km 784, Bairro Peirópolis, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. *Also affiliated with: Fundación de Historia Natural ‘Félix de Azara’, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropología, CEBBAD—Universidad Maimónides, Valentín Virasoro 732 (C1405BDB), Buenos Aires, Argentina. Received 15.4.2012; revised 11.6.2012; accepted 20.6.2012.

Interesses especulativos, atuação do Estado e direito à cidade: o caso do programa “Minha Casa Minha Vida” em Uberaba (MG)

O programa "Minha Casa Minha Vida" (PMCMV) constitui a mais importante iniciativa para redução do deficit habitacional brasileiro nos últimos anos. Embora a maior parte dos estudos acadêmicos sobre o comportamento desse programa esteja focada nas cidades grandes e nas metrópoles, seus impactos se estendem a todas as categorias de municípios. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse artigo é demonstrar como o comportamento do mercado imobiliário, atrelado a interesses do poder público municipal, orientou a localização dos empreendimentos do PMCMV em Uberaba, cidade média localizada no Triângulo Mineiro. Procurou-se ilustrar, a partir deste estudo de caso, como o redirecionamento dos recursos federais para o mercado privado de habitação interferiu na articulação entre as políticas urbana e habitacional. O levantamento de dados foi conduzido a partir de pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo, realizada mediante entrevistas com os principais agentes envolvidos no processo de provisão habitacional e de visitas aos empreendimentos. Os resultados apontados pela pesquisa de campo indicaram que, apesar de se tratar de um município bem estruturado e dotado de adequada capacidade administrativa e institucional, com leis urbanísticas atualizadas e plano diretor aprovado em 2006, contendo ZEIS vazias bem delimitadas, nenhum dos novos conjuntos habitacionais construídos pelo PMCMV localizou-se nas áreas previamente definidas para habitação de interesse social.

Distribution of rotavirus genotypes after vaccine introduction in the Triângulo Mineiro region of Brazil: 4-Year follow-up study

BackgroundRotaviruses are the major cause of diarrhea in children for which a monovalent G1P[8] vaccine has been provided free for all Brazilian infants since March 2006. ObjectivesTo investigate prevalence and genotypes of rotavirus strains causing diarrhea in children in Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, during 2007–2010, and to assess local vaccine impact. Study designFecal specimens were analyzed for rotavirus detection and characterization by PAGE, RT-PCR and PCR-genotyping assays. ResultsOverall, rotavirus was diagnosed in 12.1% (76/630) cases, accounting for 35.8% of the hospitalizations and 6.5% of outpatient attendance due to diarrhea. A trend in rotavirus disease reduction occurred in both cities (71.8% and 83.4% in Uberaba; 95.3% in Uberlândia) up to 2009, but it reversed in 2010 with increased rotavirus cases in Uberlândia. Short pattern G2P[4] strains were detected in all but three (96%) cases of mixed/P[NT] infections with long electropherotypes. ConclusionsThis 4-year follow-up study showed a reduction in rotavirus-related diarrhea and even skipped a rotavirus season, which is consistent with vaccine mediated protection. The 2007–2010 rotavirus epidemic curve reflected the natural cyclic fluctuation of the single G2P[4] genotype, with sharp reduction of cases in 2008 leading to lack of a rotavirus 2009 season (both cases and hospitalizations) followed by its come back in 2010. Diarrhea cases related to either vaccine serotype/genotype (G1 or P[8]) were not detected. Thus, a new scenario emerged with a single epidemic genotype replacing the cocirculation of great diversity of genotypes, thus far, a hallmark of the epidemiology of rotavirus in Brazil.

Análise biométrica de florestas irrigadas de eucalipto nos cinco anos iniciais de desenvolvimento

RESUMO Neste trabalho o objetivo foi avaliar os efeitos da irrigação e da nutrição mineral no crescimento e produção do eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis) cultivado na região do Triângulo Mineiro. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Escola da Universidade de Uberaba, situada a 850 m de altitude, em Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo. Compararam-se tratamentos irrigados e não irrigados, com diferentes níveis de adubação (25, 50 e 100% das doses recomendadas, tanto em fertirrigação quanto em adubação convencional). Foram avaliados parâmetros de diâmetro à altura do peito e crescimento ao longo de cinco anos de condução do experimento e determinada a produtividade total de madeira, ao final deste período. Embora ao longo dos anos os resultados tenham sido estatisticamente diferentes observou-se, ao fim do período analisado, que tratamentos irrigados apresentaram maiores valores biométricos, além de maiores taxas de incremento médio anual (IMA). Proximidade de valores pode ter ocorrido em razão das chuvas excessivas no local, tornando a água mais disponível para os tratamentos não-irrigados.

First record of Eremotherium laurillardi (Lund, 1842) (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megatheriidae) in the Quaternary of Uberaba, Triângulo Mineiro (Minas Gerais State), Brazil

Although the occurrence of Pleistocene mammals is abundant in many localities of Minas Gerais State (e.g., Lagoa Santa, Janaúba, Bambuí, Cordisburgo, Patos de Minas, Araxá), there are no references at present of Quaternary megafauna in Uberaba, Triângulo Mineiro, southeastern Brazil. This region is traditionally recognized for its taxonomically diverse fauna of the Late Cretaceous Bauru Group. In 2006, fossil material attributed to giant ground sloth Eremotherium laurillardi (Xenarthra, Megatheriidae), a typical taxon of the Brazilian Pleistocene, was discovered in the Uberaba City (Minas Gerais State). The specimen (CPP 1122) which is here described consists of several cranial and postcranial bones of a single individual. The material was confined to a small alluvial deposit, yielding in the Córrego da Saudade stream, which due its restricted area distribution it is not represented in geological maps. ► Record of unmapped fossiliferous Pleistocene levels over Late Cretaceous outcrops in Triângulo Mineiro region. ► First Pleistocene fossils from Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. ► First records of the extinct ground sloth Eremotherium laurillardi in Triângulo Mineiro region.