Migration Of Dental Stem Cells Research Articles

Emerging Roles of YAP/TAZ in Tooth and Surrounding: from Development to Regeneration.

Yes associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are ubiquitous transcriptional co-activators that control organ development, homeostasis, and tissue regeneration. Current in vivo evidence suggests that YAP/TAZ regulates enamel knot formation during murine tooth development, and is indispensable for dental progenitor cell renewal to support constant incisor growth. Being a critical sensor for cellular mechano-transduction, YAP/TAZ lays at the center of the complex molecular network that integrates mechanical cues from the dental pulp chamber and surrounding periodontal tissue into biochemical signals, dictating in vitro cell proliferation, differentiation, stemness maintenance, and migration of dental stem cells. Moreover, YAP/TAZ-mediated cell-microenvironment interactions also display essential regulatory roles during biomaterial-guided dental tissue repair and engineering in some animal models. Here, we review recent advances in YAP/TAZ functions in tooth development, dental pulp, and periodontal physiology, as well as dental tissue regeneration. We also highlight several promising strategies that harness YAP/TAZ activation for promoting dental tissue regeneration.

Dental Stem Cell Migration on Pulp Ceiling Cavities Filled with MTA, Dentin Chips, or Bio-Oss.

MTA, Bio-Oss, and dentin chips have been successfully used in endodontics. The aim of this study was to assess the adhesion and migration of dental stem cells on human pulp ceiling cavities filled with these endodontic materials in an experimental model, which mimics the clinical conditions of regenerative endodontics. Cavities were formed, by a homemade mold, on untouched third molars, filled with endodontic materials, and observed with electron microscopy. Cells were seeded on cavities' surface and their morphology and number were analysed. The phenomenon of tropism was assessed in a migration assay. All three materials demonstrated appropriate microstructures for cell attachment. Cells grew on all reagents, but they showed a differential morphology. Moreover, variations were observed when comparing cells numbers on cavity's filling versus the surrounding dentine disc. The highest number of cells was recorded on dentin chips whereas the opposite was true for Bio-Oss. This was confirmed in the migration assay where a statistically significant lower number of cells migrated towards Bio-Oss as compared to MTA and dentin chips. This study highlights that MTA and dentin chips have a greater potential compared to Bio-Oss regarding the attraction of dental stem cells and are good candidates for bioengineered pulp regeneration.