Middle Level Education Research Articles

Manajemen Strategi Pemasaran Pendidikan Di SDIT Alam Nurul Islam Sleman

This research puspose was to know the concrete management education marketing strategies in SDIT Alam Nurul Islam. This study used qualitative method to observe and analyze the education marketing service and the applied management in the school. The data was collected from the interview results, documentation and study on the observation subjects. Then it was processed with the descriptive analytic approach and presented in narration. The research results was show that: (1) Education marketing strategies by promoting the school model/concept was considered to be good; the segmentation that being targeted are the middle and high level education persons. (2) The effectiveness of promotion media such as conventional and unconventional media; included the word of mouth technique (gethok tular, Javanese language); (3) Marketing strategies management during the initial stages are making banners, presentation to the pre-school institution, and so on; in the next stage are depend on the internet based media; and in the next phase are set to make sustainable promotion media like a merchandise.

Popular APA Foundation Program Becomes Notice. Talk. Act. at School

Popular APA Foundation Program Becomes Notice. Talk. Act. at School

Gender-related treatment gap in depression among the elderly: a study on 18 European countries

Abstract Background Depression is largely unrecognized and untreated, particularly among men. Help-seeking behaviors are known to differ between genders, yet, these discrepancies are expected to vary along the socioeconomic distribution. This study assesses the gender-related treatment gap for depression and analyzes how it varies with the socioeconomic status. Methods We used data from the Wave 6 (2015) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) from 56,931 participants aged 50-80 from 18 European countries. Among those depressed (assessed by the EURO-D scale), we modelled previous diagnosis of an emotional problem by a doctor, as proxy for the treatment gap. First, a logistic regression with gender as the explanatory variable was performed, adjusting for age and country. Afterwards, employment and education were factored in and interacted with gender, to assess the differential association of these variables for men and women. Results Depression was more prevalent among women (35.5%) than men (19.8%). Among those depressed, women (18.9%) were more likely than men (13.9%) to have been previously diagnosed for an emotional problem (OR = 1.43, 95%CI=1.42-1.43). Compared to men, women had a lower likelihood of diagnosis among homemakers (OR = 0.50, 95%CI=0.49-0.52) and a higher likelihood when unemployed (OR = 2.18, 95%CI=2.16-2.20), employed (OR = 1.10, 95%CI=1.10-1.11), disabled (OR = 1.20, 95%CI=1.19-1.21) with low (OR = 1.26, 95%CI=1.25-1.27) or middle educational level (OR = 1.67, 95%CI=1.66-1.68). Conclusions Although depression is more frequent among women, results suggest a larger treatment gap among men. Low- and medium-educated men seem less likely to have been previously diagnosed, as well as those unemployed. Among women, those homemakers are less likely to have been diagnosed with depression. Key messages Depressed men are less likely to have been diagnosed, particularly those unemployed and less-educated. Among women, depression diagnosis is less frequent when they are homemakers.

To what extent do dietary costs explain socio-economic differences in dietary behavior?

BackgroundLow socio-economic position is associated with consumption of lower quality diets, which may be partly explained by the cost of healthier diets. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the mediating role of dietary costs in the association between educational level and diet quality.MethodsWe used cross-sectional data from Dutch older adults (N = 9399) in the EPIC-NL cohort. Participants provided information about their own and their partners’ highest attained educational level (as proxy for socio-economic position). Dietary behavior was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire from which we derived two diet-quality scores, including the Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015 (DHD15-index) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. Dietary cost estimates were based on food price data from food stores, and linked to reported consumption of food items. Multiple regression analyses and bootstrapping were used examine the mediating role of dietary cost in the association between educational level and diet quality.ResultsMean age of participants was 70 (SD: 10) years and 77% were women. Dietary costs significantly mediated the association between educational level and diet quality, except for high versus middle individual educational level and the DHD15-index. Depending on the dietary and educational indicator, dietary costs explained between 2 and 7% of the association between educational level and diet quality. Furthermore, associations were found to be modified by sex and age. For the DHD15-index, mediation effects were only present in females and adults older than 65 years, and for the DASH diet mediation effects were only present in females and strongest amongst adults older than 65 years compared to adults younger than 65 years.ConclusionDietary costs seems to play a modest role in explaining educational differences in diet quality in an older Dutch population. Further research is needed to investigate which other factors may explain SEP differences in diet quality.

Collaborating with the European League for Middle Level Education

Collaborating with the European League for Middle Level Education

We don't teach to the edTPA: Maintaining authenticity and attaining high edTPA scores

Concerns have been raised about the high stakes nature of edTPA potentially leading to reductionist, test-driven approaches to teacher preparation. This has come to fruition in practice within many teacher preparation classrooms. EdTPA can devalue anything that is not formally assessed and limit opportunities for faculty and teacher candidates to imagine new possibilities for education (Madeloni & Gorlewski, 2013). In middle level teacher preparation, we can build upon the connections found between AMLE standards (AMLE, 2012) and edTPA. This includes the goal of improving pedagogy through reflection, inquiry, and intentional design to positively impact student learning. As middle level education professors, we can define the language and focus of the edTPA assessment tool for ourselves and our teacher candidates. We can focus on relationships, responsiveness and professionally grounded decision making, instead of the rote procedures of didactic teaching, or the technical steps of “doing” the edTPA. Strategies to accomplish this as related to each of the tasks within edTPA are discussed in this article.

What Drives your Spirit and Commitment to Middle Level Education? Exploring a Middle School Mindset

What Drives your Spirit and Commitment to Middle Level Education? Exploring a Middle School Mindset

A new research agenda for middle level education

This article introduces a new middle grades research agenda recently developed by the Middle Level Educational Research Special Interest Group of the American Educational Research Association (AERA). The importance of current research and its impact and influence on the local and national policy are discussed, followed by brief descriptions of the eight research areas in the agenda.

QUALITY AND FEATURE OF MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS IN EDUCATION

The quality of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) as well as the student's solve behavior in MCQs are educational concerns. MCQs cover wide educational content and can be immediately and accurately scored. However, many studies have found some flawed items in this exam type, thereby possibly resulting in misleading insights into students’ performance and affecting important decisions. This research sought to determine the characteristics of MCQs and factors that may affect the quality of MCQs by using item response theory (IRT) to evaluate data. For this, four samples of different sizes from US and China in secondary and higher education were chosen. Item difficulty and discrimination were determined using item response theory statistical item analysis models. Results were as follows. First, only a few guessing behaviors are included in MCQ exams because all data fit the two-parameter logistic model better than the three-parameter logistic model. Second, the quality of MCQs depended more on the degree of training of examiners and less on middle or higher education levels. Lastly, MCQs must be evaluated to ensure that high-quality items can be used as bases of inference in middle and higher education. Keywords: higher education, item evaluation, item response theory, multiple-choice test, secondary education

Socio-Demographic Correlates of Total and Domain-Specific Sedentary Behavior in Latin America: A Population-Based Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify socio-demographic correlates of total and domain-specific sedentary behavior (SB). Methods: Cross-sectional findings are based on 9218 participants (15–65 years) from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health. Data were collected between September 2014 and February 2015. Participants reported time spent in SB across specific domains. Sex, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic (SEL), and education level were used as sociodemographic indicators. Results: Participants spent a total of 373.3 min/day engaged in total SB. Men, younger adults, other ethnicities, higher SEL and educational level presented higher total SB when compared with women, older adults, white/Caucasian, and low SEL and educational level. Men spent more time on the playing videogames (b: 32.8: 95% CI: 14.6;51.1) and riding in an automobile (40.5: 31.3; 49.8). Computer time, reading, socializing or listening to music was higher in younger participants (<30 years) compared with those ≥50 years in the total sample. Compared to the low SEL and educational level groups, middle (11.7: 5.7; 17.6) and higher (15.1: 5.3; 24.9) SEL groups as well as middle (9.8: 3.6; 15.9) and higher (16.6: 6.5; 26.8) education level groups reported more time spent reading. Conclusion: Socio-demographic characteristics are associated with SB patterns (total and specific) across Latin American countries.

PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORS OF SELF-MEDICATION PRACTICE WITH ANTIMICROBIALS IN PATIENTS VISITING PUBLIC SECTOR AT HOSPITAL KHAIRABAD DISTRICT NOWSHERA

Objective: To determine the prevalence and patterns of self-medication with antimicrobial drugs among patients visiting public hospital in District Nowshera Northwestern Pakistan. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients attending Rural Health Center Khairabad District Nowshera from July to December 2019. The including criteria were: Males and females (non-doctors) attending the clinics aged between 18 and 60 years old, literate enough to read and write. Information regarding demographic characteristics, antimicrobial drugs use in past six months prior to the study were collected through self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaires written in Urdu and English language, were pretested and validated on a sample of 100 participants to determine the application time and to clarify possible questions from the study population. If antimicrobial drugs use was confirmed in the previous six months, supplementary information was asked: the name antimicrobial drug, the person who recommended the treatment and the disease treated with antimicrobial drugs. The collected data were registered in a database and analyzed using Spss. Results: Response rate of 99.4 %( 750/746) was observed, out of 746 participants 43.70% were females and 56.30% were males. 39.81% participants had used antimicrobials prior to the survey in which 33.33% were from rural and 66.67% urban areas. Most common users were of middle education level. Oral and dental problems were leading cause of inappropriate antimicrobials use. Self- medication was most common in age group of 38 years to 47 years old. The most abused drug was Amoxicillin clavulanate. Maximal use was by personal judgment. Conclusion: The results of this study confirm that self-medication with antimicrobial drugs is a relatively common practice among populace of north western District Nowshera Pakistan.

Eksistensi Pasraman Dalam Menanamkan Nilai Moral Bagi Umat Hindu

Bali Island as a foreign tourist destination, aware or not possible to be affected by the interaction with tourists who come to Bali and cause acculturation of foreign culture with local culture. Acculturation of positive culture enriches local culture while the influence of negative foreign culture can damage, mencedrai and even shift the existence of local culture, for that the necessary antidote to negative foreign culture through education in pasraman. The aim of this study. describe the existence of pasraman Brahma Vidya Samgraha Penarungan Village, Buleleng Regency; Describe the implementation of education in Pasraman Brahma Vidya Samgraha; Penarungan Village, Buleleng Regency; Describing the planting of moral education in the Brahma Vidya Samgraha Penarungan Village, Buleleng Regency. This research uses descriptive-qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The findings in this study of the existence of Pasraman Brahma Vidya Samgraha are an acculturation of the education system that is the traditional education system and the modern or contemporary education system. The implementation of ceremonies (rituals) through the routine of making ceremonial facilities carried out in pasraman. Conclusion: Pasraman Brahma Vidya Samgraha is a type of non-formal education acculturated with the education system of Color Dormitory Dharma with the transformation of the upanisad learning model based on vedic culture; Pasraman Brahma Vidya Samgraha conducts adult learning (andragogy) with teaching programs in accordance with the level of basic education, middle level education and primary level of education, by applying a varied upanisad learning model; Pasraman Brahma Vidya Samgraha implements moral values ​​in Pasraman as a spiritual commitment through the mutual assistance activities of the sisya in the process of making ceremonies and conducting ceremonies in Pasraman.

Depression and suicidal behavior in LGB and heterosexual populations in Serbia and their differences: Cross-sectional study.

BackgroundSexual identity is a significant risk factor for triggering symptoms of depression, as well as for suicide attempts in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) population compared to the heterosexual population. To the best of our knowledge, data on the mental health of LGB persons in Serbia are lacking, and this is the first study to address this problem. The aim of the study was to examine the association between selected determinants and depression, and selected determinants and suicide attempts in LGB and heterosexual populations in the Republic of Serbia, as well as, their differences.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in 2015 of 264 heterosexual and LGB respondents using the "snowball sampling" method. We used linear regression analyses to investigate the relationship between socio-demographic variables and different sexual identity categories with PHQ-9 scores. We assessed associations between suicide attempts, and socio-demographic characteristics, sexual identity, depression, and suicidal thoughts using logistic regression.ResultsDepression symptoms were higher in female relative to male participants, in participants who were single, divorced or widowed in comparison to currently married, among people with a middle level of education compared to highly educated, and in respondents identified as bisexual or homosexual in comparison to heterosexual. Homosexual and bisexual participants reported suicidal attempts 27 [Odds Ratio (OR) = 27.31] and six times (OR = 6.40) more often than did heterosexual respondents, respectively. Suicide attempts were less frequently reported by single, divorced or widowed participants in comparison to married (OR = 0.25) and those with middle education (OR = 0.38) compared to highly educated.ConclusionsThe present study showed that LGB persons in Serbia have significantly more symptoms of depression and suicide attempts compared to heterosexuals. Public health interventions should focus on the early detection of depression and on overcoming prejudicial and discriminatory attitudes. Also, intervention should emphasize that homosexuality and bisexuality are normal, equal and morally acceptable expressions of human sexuality.

Economic Benefits of Protected Vegetable Cultivation by the Farmers Trained by KVK Jalandhar

The study was undertaken to examine the economic benefits of protected vegetable cultivation. A total sample of 200 respondents practicing protected vegetable cultivation was selected from Jalandhar district from which 150 respondents were trained by KVK Jalandhar and the remaining 50 respondents were non-trainees. The findings concluded that 42.0 percent of trainees and 38.0 percent of non-trainees were in the age group of 39-52 years. It was revealed that 19.3 percent of trainees had a graduate level of education while 20.0 percent of non-trainees had a middle level of education. It was found that 66.0 percent of trainees and 54.0 percent of non-trainees had medium landholding. The majority of trainees (78.6 percent) and non-trainees (86 percent) had farming as an occupation. Most of the trainees and non-trainees contacted horticulture development officers. It was concluded that 32.6 percent of trainees procured seed or seedling from private firms whereas 40.0 percent of non-trainees procured seed or seedling from fellow farmers. The trainees obtained higher yield and net profit than non-trainees from all sample vegetable crops.

Socioeconomic position and the health gradient in Cuba: dimensions and mechanisms

BackgroundTo throw light on the under-researched association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and health in Cuba, this study examined SEP gradients in health and their underlying mechanisms among urban Cuban adults aged 18–65.MethodsBy applying linear regressions to data from the 2010 National Survey on Risk Factors and Chronic Diseases, the analysis explored the SEP-health gradient along three SEP dimensions − education, occupation, and skin colour − using ten health measures: self-reported health (SRH), general and abdominal obesity, hypertension, high glucose, high cholesterol, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, and cumulative risk factors. Regressions also included behaviours and health-related risk perceptions (tobacco and alcohol consumption, diet, physical activity, and risk-related behaviours). It thus investigated the SEP-health gradient and its underlying mechanisms via both behaviours and health-related risk perceptions.ResultsOnce controlling for gender, age, marital status, region and provincial dummies, the analysis detected educational gradients in SRH (estimated coefficient [95% CI]: middle-level education = 3.535 [1.329, 5.741], p < 0.01; high-level education = 5.249 [3.050, 7.448], p < 0.01) that are partially explainable by both health-affecting behaviours (tobacco and alcohol consumption, diet, physical and sedentary activity) and risk perceptions. Using objective measures of health, however, it found no SEP-health gradients other than hypertension among people identified as having Black skin color (adjusted for demographic variables, 0.060 [0.018, 0.101], p < 0.01) and high cholesterol among those identified as having Mulatto or Mestizo skin color (adjusted for demographic variables, − 0.066 [− 0.098, − 0.033], p < 0.01).ConclusionsIn terms of objective health measures, the study provides minimal evidence for an SEP-health gradient in Cuba, results primarily attributable to the country’s universal healthcare system − which offers full coverage and access and affordable medications − and its highly developed education system.

Avaliação de indicadores de qualidade em hemodiálise

Resumo&#x0D; Avaliar os indicadores de qualidade em hemodiálise em um Hospital Universitário e propor estratégias para melhoria dessas metas nas intervenções de saúde relacionadas à hemodiálise. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo e exploratório, retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa. Resultados e Discussão: Houve predomínio da faixa etária acima de 60 anos; solteiros, sexo masculino e grau de escolaridade fundamental; renda média entre 1 a 3 salários mínimos e beneficiários do INSS. Os indicadores Hemoglobina, Kt/v e paratormônio, foram os que mais apresentaram não conformidade; fósforo e albumina plasmática, estavam dentro dos valores preconizados; infecções de acessos vasculares, IAVC, IPCS, internações e mortalidade, apresentaram grupos com valores em não conformidade com as diretrizes preconizadas. Fístula arteriovenosa maturada, uso de cateter temporário por mais de 3 meses e pacientes aptos inscritos para Transplante, apresentaram índices abaixo do recomendado. Conclusão: O estudo acerca de indicadores permite visão da qualidade do serviço e oferece oportunidade de intervenções eficazes. Observou-se necessidade de mais estudos com a temática em outros contextos metodológicos e assistenciais.

THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND HANDGRIP STRENGTH AMONG HIV AND AIDS INPATIENTS

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients are vulnerable to a decreasing nutritional status. Nutritional status is one of the factors that can affect body mass, which correlates with handgrip strength. Purpose: This study aims to describe the body mass index (BMI) and handgrip strength profiles of HIV and AIDS inpatients. Method: A cross-sectional design was used in this observational study. The population were HIV and AIDS inpatients between August and September 2018. The patients were selected using a purposive sampling technique; 16 patients met the inclusion criteria of the study. Primary data were collected via questionnaire and measuring handgrip strength, while secondary data were collected from the patients’ medical records. A descriptive test was used for the analysis. Results: Most of the HIV and AIDS inpatients were male (81.25%), were between 20 and 39 years old (75.00%), were employed (50.00%), had a middle education level (62.50%), had been hospitalized for four to five days (categorized as a short length of stay; 75.00%), had been diagnosed with HIV for five years or more (87.50%), and were in the third HIV clinical stage (68.75%). The HIV and AIDS inpatients had an average BMI of 19.19±2.48 kg/m2; with 18.75% severely underweight patients, 25% mildly underweight patients, and no overweight patients. The average handgrip strength was 20.58±10.6 kg and 43.75% of patients were classified as having a low handgrip strength. Conclusion: Malnutrition still leads to nutritional problems in HIV and AIDS inpatients.

How does the two-child policy affect the sex ratio at birth in China? A cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe One-Child Policy led to the imbalance of the sex ratio at birth (SRB) in China. After that, Two-Child Policy was introduced and gradually liberalized at three stages. If both the husband and wife of one couple were the only child of their parents, they were allowed to have two children in policy (BTCP). If only one of them was the only child, they were allowed to have two children in policy (OTCP). The Universal Two-Child Policy (UTCP) allowed every couple to have two children. The objective of this study was to explore the changing trend of SRB at the stages of Two-Child Policy, to analyze the effect of population policy on SRB in terms of maternal age, delivery mode, parity, maternal education, delivery hospital, and to figure out what factors have greater impact on the SRB.MethodsThe data of the study came from Hebei Province Maternal Near Miss Surveillance System, covered the parturients delivered at 28 gestation weeks or more in 22 hospitals from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017. We compared the SRB at different policy stages, analyzed the relationship between the SRB and population policy by logistic regression analysis.ResultsTotal 270,878 singleton deliveries were analyzed. The SRB, 1.084 at BTCP, 1.050 at OTCP, 1.047 at UTCP, declined rapidly (χ2 = 15.97, P < 0.01). With the introduction of Two-Child Policy, the percentage of parturients who were 30–34, ≥35 years old rose significantly, and the percentage of multiparous women increased significantly (40.7, 47.2, 56.6%). The neonatal mortality declined significantly (8.4‰, 6.7‰, 5.9‰, χ2 = 44.49, P < 0.01), the mortality rate of female infant gradually declined (48.2, 43.7, 43.9%). The logistic regression analysis showed the SRB was correlated to the three population policy stages in terms of maternal age, delivery mode, parity, maternal education, delivery hospital.ConclusionsThe SRB has declined to normal level with the gradually liberalizing of Two-Child Policy in China. Advanced maternal age, cesarean delivery, multiparous women, middle level education, rural hospital are the main factors of effect on the decline of the SRB.

Modern practices of obtaining higher education in Kazakhstan

This article is devoted to the analysis of social practices in the field of higher education, formed in post-Soviet Central Asian countries, with specific references to Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan was sig-nificantly affected by the collapse of the Soviet system: breaking ties with many leading former Soviet universities entailed irreversible processes in changing of the entire infrastructure of higher education in the country. Last decades to take place the process of reduction of middle level edu-cation and closure of vocational colleges. These has caused a sharp transition of school graduates to higher education unit, thereby increasing its demand. New opportunities allow studying as well as undergoing internships abroad, tuition fee free education based on the state grant. But there is a differentiation in access to quality higher education and increase of economic barriers to obtain it for children from lower-income families. These differences in access contributed to the formation of «elite» and «mass» universities in the educational space of Kazakhstan and the concentration of youth from lower-income families in non-prestigious educational institutions with low tuition fee. Thereby there is a risk that such situation can increase influence of social background on labour market outcomes (salary and occupational status). In the article the significance of the economic capital in the market of higher education and the social consequences of the choice of “affordable” vocational education are analyzed. Key words: higher education, access to education, economic barriers, high-income families, lower income families, family resource potential.

Comparison of Spiritual Needs between Patients with Progressive Terminal Kidney Disease and Their Family Caregivers.

The purpose of this study was to compare differences in spiritual needs (SNs) and factors influencing SNs between patients with progressive terminal kidney disease and their family caregivers. An explorative comparative survey was used to identify the SNs of patients (N=102) with progressive terminal kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis and their family caregivers (N=88) at a general hospital located in Seoul, South Korea. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, the independent t-test, one way analysis of variance, the Scheffé test, and multiple regression with dummy variables. The SNs among family caregivers were higher than in the patient group. SNs were higher among those who were religious in both groups. Loving others was the highest-ranked sub-dimension in the patient group, followed in descending order by maintaining positive perspective, finding meaning, Reevaluating beliefs and life, asking "why?", receiving love and spiritual support, preparing for death, and relating to God. In the family group, the corresponding order was maintaining positive perspective, loving others, finding meaning, receiving love and spiritual support, preparing for death, relating to God, and asking "why?". The factors that had a negative influence on the level of SNs were not being religious in the patient group and having only a middle school level of education in the family group. The results of this study may serve as evidence that spiritual care for non-cancer patients' family caregivers should be considered as an important part of hospice and palliative care.