Microprocessor System Research Articles

MICROPROCESSOR SYSTEM FOR TEMPERATURE INVESTIGATION OF AC MACHINES

The paper is about four channel microprocessor system for temperature measurement during static and running mode. It incorporates microcontroller type PIC18F452 and employs sensors which convert temperature into voltage. In addition it features optional connection to a PC for storing and processing amassed data. Based on this system a new method is proposed for analysing overheating and cooling of individual parts of asynchronous electric machines. A set of differential equations is derived which later on are processed by MATHCAD software. Obtained results can be presented in tabular or graphic form. The outcome of resolving this task is in the relative ease with which it is possible to establish overheat of various machine parts. Similarly, such approach could be applied with other types of electric machines.

Development of a microprocessor system for monitoring the accelerations of moving elements of technological machines

During the operation of machines and aggregates, processes, that are difficult to describe in theoretical ways, occur. When studying the mechanism in detail, it is still better to resort to experimental measurements in order to gain a greater understanding of the transients that occur during its operation, movement, and shut down. Such detailed data can be used to improve the properties of the mechanism, the principles of its design, as well as to reduce its dimensions and energy consumption. An acceleration sensor was developed, which will allow to investigate the causes of problems with mechanism precision, occurrence of noise, as well as identify a poor assembly and adjust machine mechanisms.

Digital Lighting Technologies to Control Galleria Mellonella Behavior

The authors found out that the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) harmed bee colonies by destroying up to 30 percent of honey in a beehive. They studied the results of experiments on controlling its behavior using a developed automated microprocessor system that maintained optical radiation sources duration.(Research purpose) To develop light technologies using a microprocessor-based automated system that allows controlling Galleria mellonella behavior by realizing attractive optical radiation characteristics.(Materials and methods) Galleria mellonella behavior was controlled by an automated system that the authors worked out for maintaining the required duration of the experiment and optical radiation parameters. The ATmega328 microcontroller was chosen as the main element of the developed microprocessor automated system. The authors created a program for it using visual programming FLProg version 5.3.0.(Results and discussion) The authors found that, regardless of the experiment duration, Galleria mellonella butterflies prefered radiation with 400 nanometers wavelength.(Conclusions) The authors determined that radiation with 400 nanometers wavelength and 10 minutes duration was attractive. They showed the ability to control Galleria mellonella behavior, luring butterflies to a specific place in the beehive with comfortable spectrum parameters. An automated system for controlling the greater wax moth butterfly behavior was developed on ATmega328 microcontroller by implementing attractive optical radiation characteristics.

Increasing the Accuracy of the Approximation of Microprocessor Fuzzy Solvers Supporting Membership Functions of an Arbitrary Type

A new approach to the development of microprocessor systems for fuzzy information processing using membership functions of an arbitrary type is proposed, which consists in supplementing the main fuzzy solver with a set of correcting fuzzy nodes. It is shown that the application of the approach makes it possible to reduce the complexity of the description and the complexity of the technical implementation while increasing the accuracy of fuzzy computations. Examples of using the approach in practical tasks are given.

WITHDRAWN: Microprocessor and Real-Time Task Processing System Application in University Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Platform

Abstract Entrepreneurship has always been centered on predicting the future, and it has been seen from a corporate management perspective. The world within it is seen as linear teaching of known inputs and outputs. In the entrepreneurial world, a very uncertain environment is usually completely different and requires a skillset type. This article describes how entrepreneurial learning is a concept, and curriculum is developed, designed and designed through a methodology and design-based approach. Some people believe that design ideas and methods can be achieved from the “traverse” learning methods in this work. This kind of learning emphasizes the role of more skills and thoughts and focuses on entrepreneurship. This learning method is student-centric and focuses on better skills for entrepreneurs. It also think that entrepreneurship is not linear, so it is an unstructured process that is a discovery structure centered on creativity. Design philosophy emphasizes a practical way to get students out of the classroom. This is important in combination with real-world experimentation in reflex exercises where users and customers provide real-time feedback. This article emphasizes approaching the “tongs” perspective that can be achieved through entrepreneurial education and design thinking. This is reasonably clarified and shown with models. This accepts that strategies for investigating instructive business are helpful, and configuration thinking can be an important apparatus and technique for educating business ventures.

Design of four-rotor autonomous target-dropping aircraft based on image processing

The aim of this study is to design and produce a quad-rotor autonomous target shooting aircraft based on STM32F407 microprocessor and OV7725 image acquisition system. Herein, the quaternion is defined by using Euler’s theorem, navigation coordinate system and carrier coordinate system. Taking STM32F407 master controller as the core, the control system of the aircraft is composed of, distance measuring and height setting module, six-axis motion sensor measurement module, three-axis magnetometer measurement module and camera unit trajectory tracking module. Then, four circuits of the flight control system were designed, including the main control circuit, attitude measurement circuit, throwing rake control circuit and image processing circuit. In addition, three algorithms related to aircraft were prepared, including attitude control cascade PID algorithm, height control algorithm and attitude solution algorithm, and an image processing software was designed. On this basis, the aircraft was built, and finally its flight attitude, height, fixed point, and hover were tested. The results showed that all the algorithms are correct, and the aircraft can successfully pitch, roll, yaw, recognize image trajectory, and automatically drop materials and cruise.

WITHDRAWN: Research on Encrypting Accounting Data Using Des Algorithm under the Background of Microprocessor System

E-banking data through Internet banking and e-banking is known for its various authorities to get to the source. The essence of the banking sector is the management of current accounts. Data discovery is a significant change in the atmosphere of working in the banking sector purchased. The bank's actualized innovation strategy is data security on Automated Teller Machines (ATMs)-ATMs, online banking, telephone banking, mobile banking, etc. Security is an important concern of all online banking systems. The last ten years have seen a tumultuous development of data discovery, which has led to significant encryption advances to ensure reliability and data classification worldwide. The most influential secure information or business is the currency industry on the Internet and online business in need of security during any transaction. Cryptography is the center of the mystery. A common-sense method of encoding data complete mystery. DES (Data Encryption Standard) - symmetric key encryption Triple-DES and its variants have emerged in economic and other structures and are considered an important component in ensuring that personal information about the security office in the past three decades part of the area. And the investigation of speculation in the implementation of DES in the future to ensure that information is properly are described. Symmetric key encryption options and other transactions are also considered legitimate.

RETRACTED: Pentium microprocessor system structure and principal of political teaching and teaching material improvement

Abstract Designed a hybrid structural model of intelligent mobile learning platform based on Android system. Designed a prototype of a front-end platform for mobile learning. The intelligent system shows system test analysis to provide strong practicality and reference value and new method under mobile model to realize ideology and political leaders in university education. The report on election has been included in government method of four high school teachers. And interest of these teachers to election, by analyzing how that are trying to generate a student of politics to further concept of, author tries to understand politics of directives in better junior high school stage. Overall, author's teachers believe that capture students' interest in everyday politics and elections. However, teachers often miss opportunity to promote a subtle understanding of this interest in politics. The definition of political socialization problem is the way people have their political skills, develop direction and practices, how their experience is not shaping their own political base set. In this process is through a family relationship, or via interaction at school have been shown to occur in main. In education, in previous studies, in elementary school of lower grades, it indicates that are beginning education of political socialization and students, continued penetration of life. These ought to there is a great deal of analysis of political guidance that occurred in four classifications. In any case, these educators, a top pick of social investigations instructors in United States, have gotten formal preparing on most proficient method to instruct legislative issues. It must be emphasized that there is no. Educators perceive adulation and understudies; it should utilize an assortment of methodologies to cultivate this interest. Nonetheless, as brought up, don't accept that these measures are sufficient for guidance. Subsequently, it has botched a remarkable chance to cultivate a political comprehension of understudies.

RETRACTED: Business big data analysis based on microprocessor system and mathematical modeling

Big data analysis requires examining large amounts of data. This is, so discover the hidden patterns, and give the insight to make decisions on the correct business. Companies, because it uses the power of data and technology be a more objective data-driven. Big data of human resources, faced with various problems from big data storage security problems. These issues have been discussed in the next four categories based on the Contextual Data Analyzing Technique (CDAT) using FPGA tool. Data were collected and finally to analysts that are eligible to determine the problems caused by direct analysis, on security issues, and to find the problem. Companies that big data is presented to improve the company's strategy, to the best of time, various opportunities to make the right decisions. Human resources are one of the substantive departments of any company that needs big data benefits in a different process. The main purpose is to describe the big human data analysis method to improve company performance. Also, the problem is, all of the human resources department is that it is facing using big data.

MICROPROCESSOR SYSTEM FOR INVESTIGATION OF SENSOR CHARACTERISTICS ON THE BASIS OF POROUS SILICON

Development of integrated sensors is a promising scientific and technical direction to create components for measurement and information systems. Among the different types of analyser one of the places are occupied by sensors of hydrogen containing compounds in gaseous and liquid condition (especially poisonous and carcinogenic). Fixing the presence of a substances in the gas or liquid environment is an actual task for scientific, industrial and medical application areas. The main goal of this paper an inexpensive microprocessor system for measuring and analyzing electrical properties of nanocomposite sensing material such as porous silicon on the base of current and capacity-voltage characteristics and its hardware and software applying is represented. The microprocessor system is designed for measuring sensors current-voltage and capacity-voltage characteristics based on porous silicon and nanocomposite structures and consists of the following units: power supply unit, DC voltage regulator, control and measurement module, RLC-meter E7-22, UART/USB and RS232/USB converters, measuring cell, PC. The software of the microprocessor system for measuring consists of the software for the control and measurement module implemented on the Atmega 128 microcontroller and the main device management software for the PC. The main program algorithm and software are implemented in the C# programming language in the Visual Studio 2017 environment The results of the comparison allow us to conclude that the implemented modules of the microprocessor system for sensors I-V- and C-V characteristics testing can be used in the development of portable environmental monitoring devices, to study porous silicon sensors using them. Keywords — porous silicon, nanocomposite; sensor, microcontroller, microprocessing system, current-voltage characteristic

RETRACTED: Intelligent logistics cost control based on microprocessor system and sensors

All types of markets required for rapid dynamic change and development of emergency logistics and development of external macro-environment and production and management of modern enterprises are ready for rapid response and logistics operations it has led to level emergency testing. To start with, the elements of the blueprint of the crisis coordination's choice emotionally supportive network and the proposed layout of the crisis coordination's choice emotionally supportive network dynamically support the generation of logistics intelligent decision procedures for the emergency logistics system following sensor data. Web Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and construction are based on two system models. A crisis coordination's choice emotionally supportive network model for the information layer, control layer, utilitarian layer, and human cooperation layer. It consists of four parts, the last two main systems of technical improvement and implementation. A system that can solve bottleneck constraints, improve the coordination's framework with the capacity to viably see the yield of the Web GIS layer, control the expense of crisis reaction, and the working productivity of the framework also this operation is based on the Field Programmable Gate array (FPGA) tool.

Радіомікропроцесорна технологія забезпечення безпеки на залізничному транспорті.

The need to minimize losses and accidents is an important factor in sustainable technical development. One of the industries characterized by a high level of danger is rail transport. This problem changes its scale with the increase in the number of vehicles, its traffic intensity and speed. Another special diffi-culty is that significant infrastructural development, which involves the construction of a large number of complex and expensive facilities such as interchanges, overpasses and underpasses, is impossible in today's economic environment. Therefore, there are some promising solutions aimed at developing and implementing a new class of systems that provide a high level of safety and are able to correct negative accident statistics and solve the problem of not harming people's lives on rail transport. The article is devoted to the problem of traffic safety at railway crossings, railway crosswalks and in the work areas of service personnel. An information approach aimed at improving traffic safety and timely informing road users about emergencies and dangerous situations in their area approach is developed in the work. It is offered to solve the mentioned above tasks at the expense of the creation of digital information systems of a new class. The main differences between the created systems are the use of microprocessor systems, wireless communications and energy-saving technologies. The systems themselves must meet modern requirements for reliability, fault tolerance, and dependability. The article describes some basic options for the implementation of control and information systems for railway crossings «Blagovist», railway crosswalks «Blagovist-Р» and for a mobile system for service personnel working on the tracks «Blago-vist-SP». The systems have technologies for autonomous operation and wireless transmission of infor-mation.

ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КІБЕРБЕЗПЕКИ АСУ ТП ШЛЯХОМ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПЛІС-ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ

In modern conditions, cybersecurity issues are moving from the level of information protection at a separate object of computer technology to the level of creating a single cybersecurity system of the state, as part of the information and national security system responsible for protecting not only information in the narrow sense, but also all cyberspace. In the process of forming global cyberspace, military and civilian computer technologies are converging, new means and methods of influencing the information infrastructure of a potential adversary are being developed, and specialized cyber centers are being created and implemented on high-tech platforms. At present, the cybersecurity procedure does not fully reflect the issues related to the cybersecurity of the ACS TP. This is due to the fact that the ACS PA was originally developed based on the ideology of physical isolation from external networks and strict delimitation of access by service personnel, using specific software, information exchange via industrial communication protocols Modbus, Profibus, etc., which often work on top of the TCP / IP protocol. Accordingly, there are many vulnerabilities in the ACS TP, the probability of which in various cyber incidents is directly proportional to the importance and significance of the object. Given the fact that the ACS TP have become an integral part of our existence, respectively, the problem of cybersecurity of the systems under consideration is today an urgent and timely task. The article discusses an approach to ensuring the cybersecurity of automated process control systems (APCS) by creating intelligent cybersecurity systems (ISCs). It is assumed that the construction of the proposed systems should be based on the concept of "evolution (development)", that is, the ability of the system to adapt through changes in parameters under the influence of external and internal cyber threats (cyber attacks), through the applied technologies, to counter cyber attacks throughout the entire life cycle. Technically, it is proposed to implement the ISCs by means of using an expert system and disaster-tolerant information systems (DIS), a characteristic feature of which, in contrast to fault-tolerant systems, is the continuation of work in conditions of massive and, possibly, consecutive failures of the system or its subsystems as a result of cyberattacks. These properties (catastrophic properties – system survivability) are possessed by programmed logic integrated circuits (FPGA) – a class of microprocessor systems, a characteristic feature of which is the ability to implement a multiprocessor (parallelized) structure that can withstand external influences (cyber attacks). By themselves, FPGA are an integrated circuit, the internal configuration of which is set by programming using special languages for describing hardware

ОЦЕНКА НАДЕЖНОСТИ АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОГО УСТРОЙСТВА ФИЛЬТРАЦИИ В МОДЕРНИЗИРОВАННОЙ МИКРОПРОЦЕССОРНОЙ РЕЛЕЙНОЙ ЗАЩИТЕ ФИДЕРОВ КОНТАКТНОЙ СЕТИ

The article presents the results of scientific research in the field of assessing the reliability and safety of the patented automated device for filtering and isolating the first harmonic based on the PLL scheme integrated into a typical microprocessor system for relay protection of AC contact network feeders in order to meet the reliability and safety indicators during its operation. The operation of the device is based on pre-filtering the signal using a low-pass filter tuned to the cutoff frequency of the third harmonic, fixing zero timestamps, forming control pulses, rectification of the signal and subsequent inverting to obtain a pure output sinusoidal signal in frequency, phase and amplitude coinciding with the measured signal representing its first harmonic. To assess the reliability of the proposed filtering device and the allocation of the first harmonic, a model of the reliability of the device is compiled based on its basic electrical circuit. The values of the basic and operational failure rates of all elements included in the schematic diagram of the device are found, taking into account the correction coefficients of operation, acceptance, electrical load, etc. The probability of trouble-free operation of the entire device for the normalized period of operation of 20 years is determined, including, taking into account the most unfavorable case - the serial connection of all elements included in the calculated reliability model. The level of safety of operation of the device for filtering and allocating the first harmonic based on the PLL scheme is determined, options for increasing this indicator are proposed by introducing additional circuit control into the scheme and implementing the power supply subsystem of the device based on the safe decoder scheme. The results of the conducted studies confirmed the compliance of the developed device with the reliability and safety requirements for railway microprocessor relay protection devices, and the safety of the proposed device as part of the relay protection terminal is provided with appropriate circuit solutions.

An Effective Method of Vehicle Speed Evaluation in Systems Using Anisotropic Magneto-Resistive Sensors

Cross-correlation is an accurate method which can be used to find time shift between two signals. However, this method necessitates a high usage of microcontroller (MCU) resources. This situation occurs in a microprocessor system dedicated to evaluate speed values of cars driving on roads. Cross-correlation and the other computational methods aiming to use a reduced amount of operations on sampled data are discussed. The accuracy of the evaluated speed as well as the execution time of the program code are presented for each method. The usage of the centers of mass in two discrete signals as a speed detection method resulted in the root mean square error up to 3 times larger in comparison with the cross-correlation method. Finally, the combination of two methods was used: center of mass?for designating result quickly and then cross-correlation with a limited lag range. This sped up the MCU program code execution 15-70 times and it provided good speed evaluation accuracy.

Hybrid-SIMD: a Modular and Reconfigurable approach to Beyond von Neumann Computing

The increasing complexity of real-life applications demands constant improvements of microprocessor systems. One of the most frequently adopted microprocessor design scheme is the von Neumann architecture. Central Processing Unit (CPU performs computations and communicates with memory in a constant exchange of information. This unceasing motion of data between these two components became a significant performance bottleneck. A lot of power, energy, and computational time are wasted in this communication. With Beyond von Neumann Computing (BvNC paradigms, calculations are performed inside or very close to a memory array. BvNC approaches are proposed in the literature, mainly based on modifications of existing memories, enabling simple computations. Others exploit emerging technologies to both store and compute data, using analog operations. In this work we follow a different approach, where computational units are placed close to memory cells, improving versatility and performance. We propose a Hybrid-SIMD architecture made of memory and computing elements in an interleaved structure. Hybrid-SIMD can be used both as a low density memory and as SIMD accelerator. We insert our design in a classical von Neumann system based on a RISC-V processor, and we estimate its impact, demonstrating its capability to improve speed reducing at the same time energy consumption.

АВТОМАТИЧЕСКОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ЗАКРЫТИЕМ ПЕРЕЕЗДА ПО ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМ ПРИБЛИЖАЮЩЕГОСЯ ПОЕЗДА

The paper considers a method of controlling the crossing closure on characteristics of approaching train that will enable the crossing closure so that the train is guaranteed to have time to stop before the crossing in the case of the forced stop of road vehicles on it. In order to realize the method the authors have developed algorithms and structural scheme of the system that contains locomotive and stationary equipment, have formulated the requirements for the equipment of the existing locomotive microprocessor systems and complexes and have justified the choice of the locomotive equipment for realization of the proposed method and the system.

РОЗРОБКА МОДЕЛІ ЗМІСТУ НАВЧАННЯ АРХІТЕКТУРИ ЕОМ СТУДЕНТІВ ІНЖЕНЕРНО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНОГО ПРОФІЛЮ

The article deals with the existing methodical systems of learning computer architecture by students of engineering and pedagogical specialty with the use of information and computer technologies and means of simulation modeling. The analysis of these methods revealed the advantages and disadvantages of each methodological system. The identified problem of perception and understanding of physical processes by applicants for higher education which are taking place in the electronic elements of microprocessor systems and their parallelism and transience determined the development of a model of the content of learning the architecture of microprocessors with use of simulation computer modeling. The authors of the article develop and study the system of skills in the architecture of microprocessor mechanisms and the system of knowledge of the course "Architecture of Microprocessors" according to the current State Standard of Higher Education of Ukraine. A detailed analysis of methodological systems of learning computer architecture by students of engineering and pedagogical specialty allowed developing a general model of the content of learning architecture of microprocessor mechanisms that corresponds to the goals set by State Standard of Higher Education. The presented general model of the content of learning architecture of microprocessor mechanisms consists of 6 modules: module 1 – History of computer mechanisms development; module 2 – Calculation systems; module 3 – Logical foundations of computers; module 4 – Computer structure; module 5 – Microprocessors; module 6 – Assembler programming language. These modules provide solutions to an independent group of problems and are integral units of information and logically complete parts of the real process of learning the architecture of microprocessors. Thus, to increase the activity of learning, it is advisable to select and use a variety of learning methods adequate to each educational topic. Key words: computer architecture, information and computer technologies, electronic elements of microprocessor systems, methodological systems, system of skills, system of knowledge, general model of the content of learning.

RETRACTED: Human resource management structure of communication enterprise based on microprocessor system and embedded network

In the past few years, human resource management (HRM) has undergone significant changes. The focus from administrative tasks to become strategic partners into the organization's overall strategy, mainly in the field of development of information technology, has given strong support. The technology support using Microprocessor System and Embedded Network to help handle the HRM knowledge process. Long-term use of information systems today have a significant impact on how to manage HRM. The Human Resources (HR) processes and practices within the organization; in other words, the collection of information, storage, use, and sharing method have changed completely. The Microprocessor System using to store the condition base data and then communicate with internet support. Part of the HRM process becomes more efficient; due to these improved service levels, it can now be more participation. Human resources of this new business strategy in business strategy have a significant impact on the human resources function and its experts. This chapter reviews the existing literature on this topic and considers the advantages and benefits of HRM information systems. It also outlines some of the technical applications in the functional areas of HRM in the organization.

RETRACTED: Hospital microprocessor system and treatment effect of patients with respiratory tract infection in neurology department

Abstract A Neurology system specialist is a clinical specialist who specializes in diagnosing, treating and monitoring problems of the mind and sensory Department. Pediatric Neurology Department specialists specialize in pediatric neurological problems with specialized preparation. The neurology Department specialists' teaching foundation and clinical preparation include a college degree, four years of clinical school, one year of temporary employment, and three years of specific preparation. Many neurology Department specialists have additional preparation in one neurology department science zone, for example, stroke, epilepsy, or developmental problems. Neurology Department specialists are the main observation suppliers or consultants. In contrast to different physicians, the patient has a neurological problem that requires constant observation, with the neurology Department specialist, often the main observation provider. For example, patients with complications, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, or multiple sclerosis, may use their neurologist as their primary care physician. Neurology Department specialists may recommend careful treatment; however, they do not perform medical procedures. While treatment has a medical approach, neurologists specialize in carefully examining treated patients and maintaining their treatment.