Group Analysis Method Research Articles

Three days together around the table: using the group analysis method to value the expertise and lived experiences of key voices to innovate solutions

PurposeThis paper presents the use of the Group Analysis Method (GAM), an innovative method developed in a francophone context, to discuss issues related to the services offered in the field of addiction in Quebec’s Indigenous communities and to identify perspectives for innovative solutions.Design/methodology/approachThis article begins with a detailed description of the method’s phases and steps based on the French-language writings of the developers of the GAM. The authors then illustrate a concrete example of how this method has been applied to addiction intervention stakeholders in Indigenous communities in Quebec (Canada), highlighting the type of results possible.FindingsThe strengths and weaknesses of the GAM for addressing sensitive issues in an Indigenous context are discussed. Recommendations for further integration of the Indigenous perspective into the approach are proposed.Originality/valueThis article presents a relevant qualitative method for co-constructing solutions with groups which, to our knowledge, has not been described in the English-language literature. In the light of their experience in an Indigenous context, the authors adopt a critical perspective, demonstrating the relevance of the method and suggesting adaptations to ensure an equitable distribution of power through the process.

Understanding of ‘person-centred care’ in an oncology ICU: Associative group analysis

PurposeTo describe how healthcare professionals, patients, and their significant others understand the concept of ‘person-centred care’ in an oncology ICU. MethodsThis study followed the associative group analysis (AGA) method, a quali-quantitative research approach.The population included healthcare professionals, their patients, and significant others in a four-bed oncology adult intensive care unit. Whole population sampling (n = 22) allowed all healthcare professionals to participate. Maximum variation purposive sampling was used to identify patients and their significant others (n = 22). Data were collected during either face-to-face or telephonic individual interviews. Free associations were weighted using a validated weighting system. Words with similar meanings were then grouped into themes. The themes were then deductively grouped according to the domains of the Person-centred Practice Framework. ResultsParticipants had a limited understanding of person-centred care and could only identify six of the 23 constructs of the Person-centred Practice Framework. Healthcare professionals embraced the idea of person-centred care, but their understanding of the concept remains vague. Person-centred care remains conceptual in this oncology intensive care unit because the interpretation and operationalisation of the concept are misaligned at various health service levels. ConclusionOrganisations should invest in work-based learning to enable staff to understand the concept of person-centred care. Healthcare workers also need to self-evaluate how they work and be able to adjust their working style to be more person-centred.

Influence of public health emergency on city image: the case of COVID-19 stigma on Wuhan city

This study explored the influence of COVID-19 stigma on the city image of Wuhan by adopting the associative group analysis method. The collected data were free associations of the word “Wuhan” from 39 non-Chinese participants residing outside of China. It found that there were 12 meaning categories related to the city image of Wuhan, half of which were related to COVID-19, and the other half were related to Wuhan city. 56.45% of the associated words were related to COVID-19 and 43.55% to Wuhan city. The results demonstrated that the city image of Wuhan was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, mediated by personal experience and perceived media reports. The associated words have constructed a “Wuhan-COVID-19” stereotype, including “Wuhan-birthplace of COVID” and “Wuhan-eating wild animals”. This reflected that the city image of Wuhan endured stigma in the global community. The study provided implications for eliminating stigma and reconstructing group relationships in the global community.

Precision mapping of the default network reveals common and distinct (inter) activity for autobiographical memory and theory of mind.

The default network is widely implicated as a common neural substrate for self-generated thought, such as remembering one's past (autobiographical memory) and imagining the thoughts and feelings of others (theory of mind). Findings that the default network comprises subnetworks of regions, some commonly and some distinctly involved across processes, suggest that one's own experiences inform their understanding of others. With the advent of precision functional MRI (fMRI) methods, however, it is unclear if this shared substrate is observed instead due to traditional group analysis methods. We investigated this possibility using a novel combination of methodological strategies. Twenty-three participants underwent multi-echo resting-state and task fMRI. We used their resting-state scans to conduct cortical parcellation sensitive to individual variation while preserving our ability to conduct group analysis. Using multivariate analyses, we assessed the functional activation and connectivity profiles of default network regions while participants engaged in autobiographical memory, theory of mind, or a sensorimotor control condition. Across the default network, we observed stronger activity associated with both autobiographical memory and theory of mind compared to the control condition. Nonetheless, we also observed that some regions showed preferential activity to either experimental condition, in line with past work. The connectivity results similarly indicated shared and distinct functional profiles. Our results support that autobiographical memory and theory of mind, two theoretically important and widely studied domains of social cognition, evoke common and distinct aspects of the default network even when ensuring high fidelity to individual-specific characteristics.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We used cutting-edge precision functional MRI (fMRI) methods such as multi-echo fMRI acquisition and denoising, a robust experimental paradigm, and individualized cortical parcellation across 23 participants to provide evidence that remembering one's past experiences and imagining the thoughts and feelings of others share a common neural substrate. Evidence from activation and connectivity analyses indicate overlapping and distinct functional profiles of these widely studied episodic and social processes.

Submodels of 2-d model of the motion of fluid or gas in a porous medium with an external non-stationary source or absorption

The motion of fluid or gas in a porous medium is the main object of investigation of underground hydromechanics. The model describing this motion was called “Porous medium”.In our paper, we study a general 2-d model of the motion of fluid or gas in porous medium with an external non-stationary source or absorption. As the main research method, we use the method of group (symmetry) analysis, which is one of the most effective ways to obtain information about the properties of solutions to differential equations that define a physical model. A group classification of the differential equation defining studied physical model is carried out. As a result, all basic models with different symmetry properties are obtained. For the basic model, which admits the widest group a classification of all its invariant submodels is performed and all invariant submodels, defined by invariant solutions of rank 1 are studied. All solutions found have physical meaning.The set of explicitly found solutions forms a 47-parametric family of exact solutions. Each solution in this family depends on an arbitrary function defining an external non-stationary source or absorption. For each solution, for the specific values of the parameters on which it depends and for this specific function, we obtained a graph of the pressure distribution.Other solutions are used to describe the movement of a liquid or gas if either the pressure and its rate of change, or the pressure and one of its gradient components, are given at an initial time at a fixed point. The set of these solutions depends on 13 parameters and a function defining an external non-stationary source or absorption. For specific values of this function and specific values of the parameters on which each solution depends, the existence and uniqueness of a solution to the corresponding boundary value problem under some additional conditions has been established. Each such problem is solved numerically. The results of these decisions we reflected in the graphs.The significance of obtained solutions lies in the fact that we have obtained a database consisting of two multiparameter families of invariant solutions of rank 1 of the equation describing the motion of fluid or gas in a porous medium in the presence of an external non-stationary source or absorption. Every solution depends on an empirically determined function. These solutions describe specific physical processes. They can also be used as test solutions in numerical calculations related to the study of the motion of fluid or gas in a porous medium during fluids filtering, engineering surveys in the construction of building structures and in the extraction of shale oil or gas.

A Note On Lie Symmetry Analysis, Optimal System,New Solitary Wave Solutions And Conservation Laws Of The Pavlov Equation

In this essay, based on the Lie group analysis method, the investigation has been carried out on the symmetry properties of the (2 + 1)-dimensional Pavlov equation. Its maximal symmetry group in Lie's sense and the corresponding one-dimensional optimal system of subgroups are presented. Furthermore, by using Ibragimov's method which is a generalization of Noether's theorem, the conservation laws for the intended equation are determined. Finally, utilizing the traveling wave solutions method, some exact solutions of this nonlinear partial differential equation are constructed.

GROUP OF SYMMETRIES FOR THE DYNAMICS SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS OF RAREFIED TWO-PHASE MEDIUM

The symmetries of the system of equations of a two-phase medium are found, where the first phase is gas and the second one is solid particles. The second phase is considered rarefied, it is expressed in the absence of pressure in the equations of motion of the second phase. The medium is assumed to be nonisothermal. Using the methods of group analysis, the Lie algebras of symmetries of the model under study are found in the one-dimensional and three-dimensional cases. The paper describes in detail the process of searching for symmetries in the case of equations of state for a perfect gas. Some partially invariant solutions are found for the one-domensional system.

The lie group analysis method for heat transfer in steady boundary layer flow field of nanofluid

In order to reveal the mechanism of the abnormal movement (Brownian motion enhances thermal scattering) of nanoparticles on the fluid enhanced heat transfer, the two-phase model was used to study the abnormal convection and diffusion of viscous nanofluids in the flat boundary layer of porous medium. Firstly, for the two-dimensional steady boundary layer stagnation point flow of incompressible Newtonian-nanofluids, the nonlinear governing equations of the flow field and temperature field of nanofluids are established from the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximate equations. Secondly, the modern Lie group analysis method is introduced, we give the Lie symmetry determining equation of the flow field partial differential equations and the characteristics of the solutions. Further, using the relationship between the Lie symmetries and the conserved quantities, the conservation vector form of the flow field and the group invariant solution are derived in detail, and the reduced order model of the nanofluid flat boundary layer is obtained. Finally, the correctness of the analytical results obtained by the Lie group method was verified for different values of the flow parameter Prandtl. Research has shown that the Lie group method can be used to analytically solve the velocity and temperature distribution functions of abnormal motion of nanoparticles. The fluid temperature increases with the increase of the volume fraction parameter of nanoparticles, but decreases with the increase of the Prandtl value of the base fluid, and decreases with the increase of the plate stretching speed. The Lie group analysis method in this paper provides reference value for numerical simulation solutions of various heat and mass transfer in nanofluids.

Exact solutions to a family of nonlinear Schrödinger equations

In this article, using the method of differential constraints and Lie group analysis, new exact kink-like solutions are obtained for certain families of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with cubic-quintic nonlinearity. The foregoing solutions are presented in terms of the Lambert W function.

Changes in composition and structure of nitrogenous bases of resin components of heavy oil from the Nurlatskoe oilfield in the course of thermal decomposition

The relevance. The need to obtain information on heat treatment effect on composition and structure of nitrogenous bases of resin components of heavy oil from the Nurlatskoe field (Republic of Tatarstan) to solve the problems associated with their negative impact on oil refining. The aim. To characterize the composition of nitrogenous organic bases, isolated from the resins of bituminous oil of the Nurlatskoe field, and the products of their thermal cracking. Methods. Complex formation, extraction, liquid adsorption chromatography, potentiometric titration, 1H NMR spectroscopy, structural group analysis, combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results. Based on a comparative study of the composition and structure of nitrogenous bases of the initial and thermally treated resins of the bituminous oil from the Nurlatskoe field, the authors found out that they both contain high- and low-molecular nitrogenous bases with predominance of high-molecular compounds precipitated by hydrogen chloride. As a result of thermal exposure, the number of such bases increases due to an increase in the proportion of compounds with shorter alkyl substituents in their composition. The method of structural group analysis was used to show that the main directions of thermal transformations of high- and low-molecular bases of resins in Nurlatskoe oil are destruction of alkyl substituents and cyclization of shortened alkyl chains with formation of naphthenic rings. Among the lowest molecular weight bases of the initial resins and thermolysate the authors have identified alkyl-substituted quinolines, benzoquinolines, azapyrenes, thiophenoquinolines, and benzothiophenoquinolines with similar molecular weight distributions. During the thermolysis of resins, the relative content of low molecular weight homologues in the identified nitrogenous bases increases. The share of structures with reduced chromatographic mobility caused by a decrease in the degree of spatial screening of a nitrogen atom increases among similar homologues.

Nonstationary one-dimensional flows of a two-temperature dissociating gas: Group analysis and invariant solutions

Modern problems such as detonation engines and hypersonic reentry are reviving interest in the point explosion theory, which gives simple gasdynamics models of similar processes. This work is devoted to the study, using group analysis methods of mathematical properties of gasdynamics equations with thermochemical nonequilibrium, which is a typical problem in the theory of a point explosion. For this purpose, the system of equations under study was slightly corrected without distorting the physical meaning. This made it possible to obtain self-similar solutions. Solutions of two different models describing: a second-order endothermic dissociation reaction with vibrational exiting and a first-order exothermic reaction with spontaneous decay, are given in the paper. The problem of strong explosion of linear charge was considered. As in the classical case, the solution of the problem is reduced to integrating a system of ordinary differential equations in self-similar variables. The calculations show that the solutions to the modified system of equations is physically consistent and adequately describes the known effects of thermochemical nonequilibrium behind the wave front.

Effect of Mirror Therapy Intervention on Motor Impairment Improvements in Elderly

Aims: The slowness in the elderly activities is caused by a decrease in function of the musculoskeletal system, characterized by a decrease or increase in fat free mass which can cause a decrease in muscle mass, resulting in motor disorders. It is believed that providing range of motion exercises such as mirror therapy can stimulate the nerves in the motor cortex, thus providing signals to the brain to stimulate movement. Objective: This research is to identify the effect of mirror therapy on motor impairment in the elderly. Method: This type of research used quasi-experiment with two group pretest-posttest design approach and analysis method used Generalized Linear Model (GLM). The sample was 84 respondents, consisting of 42 intervention group samples and 42 control group samples. Sampling techniques were generally used as samples according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The intervention was given for 4 weeks and assessed every week. Results: There was an effect of mirror therapy intervention on improving motor impairment in the elderly (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion: mirror therapy is a non-pharmacological therapy that can be used to improve motor impairment in the elderly.

Being a woman or being a youth: what matters for young adults with chronic diseases?

Abstract Background as the prevalence of chronic diseases increases with age, most interventions focus on ‘adults’ and neglect the growing proportion of chronically ill young people aged 15-24. Although they are no longer children, they are still in a period of transition towards autonomy and independence, particularly in industrialised countries. Moreover, health care for chronic patients is criticised for neglecting gender-specific needs. This exploratory collaborative study identified needs and preferences of youths living with a chronic disease with a gender lens. Methods we conducted 24 semi-directive interviews: 12 university students living with rare or chronic diseases; 12 health care professionals (doctors, nurses and allied health professionals). We conducted a group interview with an interdisciplinary staff in hospital and a group interview in an integrated primary care centre in 2022 in Brussels, Belgium. Alongside thematic analysis of the content of the interviews, we used the group analysis method with youths and professionals to co-construct recommendations: data were analysed and discussed in several collaborative meetings. Results youths insisted that professionals should listen more to youths and be more flexible. Youths stressed the need for psychological support currently absent, support regarding educational trajectory and warm environment of care similar to paediatric settings. Professionals expressed their concerns about being more gender-friendly and their lack of training regarding gender issues and other non-medical aspects of chronic diseases. Both youths and professionals consider gender-specific needs in a larger frame of patient-centred care focusing on the integration of patient preferences in a co-constructed dialogue. Conclusions to be youth-friendly, health services should better embrace the personalised health care planning, allowing for a better inclusion of what really matters for youths, be their age or their gender. Key messages • Personnalised health care planning supports gender-friendly health services. • Personnalised health care planning supports youth-friendly health services.

Next Generation Sequencing of Red Blood Cell Antigens in Transfusion Medicine: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Molecular analysis of blood groups is important in transfusion medicine, allowing the prediction of red blood cell (RBC) antigens. Many blood banks use single nucleotide variant (SNV) based methods for blood group analysis. While this is a well-established approach, it is limited to the polymorphisms included in genotyping panels. Thus, variants that alter antigenic expression may be ignored, resulting in incorrect prediction of phenotypes. The popularization of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has led to its application in transfusion medicine, including for RBC antigens determination. The present review/meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the applicability of the NGS for the prediction of RBC antigens. A systematic review was conducted following a comprehensive literature search in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Studies were selected based on predefined criteria and evaluated using Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology guidelines. The characteristics and results of the studies were extracted and meta-analysis was performed to verify the agreement between results from standard molecular methods and NGS. Kell (rs8176058), Duffy (rs2814778, rs12078), or Kidd (rs1085396) alleles were selected as a model for comparisons. Additionally, results are presented for other blood group systems. Of the 864 eligible studies identified, 10 met the inclusion criteria and were selected for meta-analysis. The pooled concordance proportion for NGS compared to other methods ranged from 0.982 to 0.994. The sequencing depth coverage was identified as crucial parameters for the reliability of the results. Some studies reported difficulty in analyzing more complex systems, such as Rh and MNS, requiring the adoption of specific strategies. NGS is a technology capable of predicting blood group phenotypes and has many strengths such as the possibility of simultaneously analyzing hundred individuals and gene regions, and the ability to provide comprehensive genetic analysis, which is useful in the description of new alleles and a better understanding of the genetic basis of blood groups. The implementation of NGS in the routine of blood banks depends on several factors such as cost reduction, the availability of widely validated panels, the establishment of clear quality parameters and access to bioinformatics analysis tools that are easy to access and operate.

Moderator Effect of Chronic Disease on The Relationship Between Marriage Adjustment and Satisfaction in Married Couples

Objective: The purpose of our study is to show how the relationship between marital adjustment and satisfaction will change in cases of chronic disease in either or both spouses of married couples using a multivariate statistical analysis method. Methods: Marriage adjustment ve marriage satisfaction scales were used. A structural equation modeling - multiple group analysis method was used in the study, which was designed as a relational screening model. Results: In the study, which included 898 participants, 56.6% of the participants were female and 43.4% were male. The mean age of the participants was 36.94 ± 8.72 standard deviations. First, the relationship between marital adjustment and satisfaction was analyzed using structural equation modeling, and the relationship between the scales was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). In the model, which was significant and sufficient, the variable of chronic disease was coded on the arrow representing the regression coefficient between the scales, and multiple group analysis was applied. The relationship between marital adjustment and satisfaction was found to be weak among individuals with chronic diseases. The rate of marriage satisfaction explaining marriage adjustment was lower in individuals without chronic disease (R2=0.16) than in those without chronic disease (R2=0.10). While ego scores were not significant in individuals without chronic disease (p=0.237), they were statistically significant in individuals with chronic disease (p=0.017). Conclusion: Chronic diseases has been found to have a significant impact on the relationship between spouses. Many studies have examined the effects of chronic diseases on marriage. However, our study differs from other studies because of the analytical methods used. In the scales, it was determined whether the chronic disease showed a change in the relationship between the scales, not the scores in the chronic disease state.

Qualitative analysis of magnetohydrodynamics Powell–Eyring fluid with variable electrical conductivity

ABSTRACT The non-Newtonian fluid model helps to visualize the fluid movements in modern industrial materials for the enhancement of work productivity. Therefore, this numerical investigation examines the flow behaviour of Powell–Eyring fluid over the stretching sheet with variable electric conductivity and thermal radiation. We have used the Lie group analysis method to reduce the governing momentum and energy equations into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The resultant system is then numerically solved using the shifted Chebyshev collocation method. The accuracy of the numerical method has been verified by comparing the current work to existing literature, and it is found to be in excellent agreement. The effects of rheological parameters like stretching sheet parameter, magnetic field parameter, material parameters, suction/injection parameter, radiation parameter and Prandtl number on fluid velocity and temperature profiles are examined in detail through tables and graphs. The main motivation behind this study is to examine the effects of Lorentz force on fluid velocity and temperature in the presence of thermal radiation, which has several industrial applications. It is observed that the velocity profile decreases when the magnetic field parameter increases. Furthermore, it is noticed that increasing thermal radiation parameter increases the temperature profile.

Sightseers’ Responsible Behavior Toward the Environment at Rural Destinations: The Moderating Role of Levels of Education

This study discusses the impact of the external factors in tourism locations on the environmental conduct of students as sightseers; takes the rural destinations in Indonesia as the case-study place based on 325 questionnaire survey samples of tourists; and adopts the method of structural equation model-multiple group analysis to explore the moderating role of levels of education on the relationship between students’ intention to behave environmental responsibility and their responsible behavior toward the environment. Students’ factors include PBC (Perceived Behavioral Control), AE (attitude to behave toward the environment), SN (subjective norms), and IR (intention to behave with environmental responsibility). Results indicate that among students’ factors, PBC and SN have no significant effect on students’ IR; PBC affects students’ RBE positively, and students’ IR affects their RBE positively. Through analysis of survey data collected from rural sightseers on an island in Indonesia, we conclude that it is important to encourage favorable community formation and good behavioral norms by external factors to support responsible environmental behavior in sightseeing places.

INNOVATIVE BALLETS IN THEATERS OF WESTERN EUROPE: STAGE ACTION AS A PLAY OF MEANINGS

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the «play of meanings» in the symbolic direction in modern choreography, presented in the theaters’ stagingin Western Europe. The research goal is to identify the modern balletfeatures, which actively uses innovative methods. The study objectives are to collect and analyze the opinions of art experts and critics on the issues of modern ballet in Western European theater productions. The analysis period was chosen for the three years 2020-2022.The research methodology is based on a systematic approach and includes the methods of the general scientific group (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction), as well as a number of special methods: content analysis of scientific literature on the research topic; sociological survey method; as well as the method of statistical analysis. The survey results were analyzed using the Neural Designer program (a tool for advanced statistical analytics) and translated into a graphical diagram format for clarity of perception.Answers in 60 questionnaires were evaluated by the average score for each analysis criterion, which made it possible to bring all the calculations to a 10-point scale. Based on the results of the study, the article author concluded the following: in modern productions, symbolism manifests itself as the dominance of «body language» over musical informativeness, over stage design. The action development takes place within the classical framework, but with the use of a postmodern concept regarding the dancechoreography.

Nonlinear Modeling of Heat Distribution during a Concreting Beam, Using a Heating Electric Wire

In this article unlike existing linear models, a nonlinear differential model is used to describe the nonlinear heat distribution in a reinforced concrete beam using a heating wire. The results of experiments carried out under different heating modes are adequately described with good approximation by the analytical results obtained using the methods of group analysis of differential equations.

Time-fractional generalized fifth-order KdV equation: Lie symmetry analysis and conservation laws

The purpose of this study is to apply the Lie group analysis method to the time-fractional order generalized fifth-order KdV (TFF-KdV) equation. We examine applying symmetry analysis to the TFF-KdV equation with the Riemann–Liouville (R–L) derivative, employing the G′/G-expansion approach to yield trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational function solutions with arbitrary constants. The discovered solutions are unique and have never been studied previously. For solving non-linear fractional partial differential equations, we find that the G′/G-expansion approach is highly effective. Finally, conservation laws for the equation are well-built with a full derivation based on the Noether theorem.