Method Of Weight Reduction Research Articles

12201 Ketogenic-diet As A Trigger Of First Episode Diabetic Ketoacidosis In A Woman Living With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract Disclosure: M.E. Chacon Cruz: None. A.N. Gonzalez Bossolo: None. G.J. Mora Osoria: None. A number of dietary patterns have been proposed as an effective method for weight reduction. A keto diet is a strict low-carbohydrate and high-fat diet. The reduction in carbohydrates enables the body to rely on fat as a predominant energy source leading to a state of ketosis. However, a serious but rare complication of the ketogenic diet is ketoacidosis associated with low carbohydrate intake, which should be cautiously monitored in people with a predisposition to the condition, such patient with diabetes mellitus type 1. We report the case of a female patient living with type 1 diabetes mellitus female who developed her first episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) as the following the course of ketogenic diet. A 53 y/o Female patient with past medical history diabetes mellitus type 1 and pernicious anemia went emergency department complaining pelvic pain associated with weakness, nausea and vomiting for about 1 day of evolution. Patient also refers that during the past 2 weeks she has been doing a detox and taking some herbal and tea. Other physical examinations were unremarkable except for moderate dehydration. The initial testing revealed patients meet criteria for severe diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) with a pH: 7.04, CO2 15, serum central bicarbonate in 6 mmol/L and elevated blood glucose in 504 mg/dl and positive urine and serum ketones, C-Peptide less than 0.02 ng/ml. and glycosylated hemoglobin in 8.25%. She was admitted to the intensive care unit and treated with intravenous saline, intravenous insulin infusion, and electrolyte repletion. Blood glucose levels and metabolic acidosis improved. After DKA resolved patient refers that week started with Keto-diet and was restricting carbohydrates. Patient was discharge home with multiple injection insulin and followed by Endocrinologist services in the external clinic for a follow up. This case illustrates the challenges and the importance of dietary history providing clues to the diagnosis. If we had never asked her about her diet, we would not have found the reason that brought her to the DKA. This case demonstrates the development of DKA following ketogenic diet in a patient with type 1 diabetes. It is important for physicians to be aware of this rare potential complication of ketogenic diet which is infrequently reported in literature. Therefore, physicians should be cognizant of the complications and risks, and benefits of the ketogenic diet. Risks and benefits of the ketogenic diet should be discussed with patients before initiation of this diet. The patient was followed in an outpatient clinic with Endocrinologist service for evaluation for an insulin pump. Presentation: 6/1/2024

Weight-Reduced Stabilizer Codes with Lower Overhead

Stabilizer codes are the most widely studied class of quantum error-correcting codes and form the basis of most proposals for a fault-tolerant quantum computer. A stabilizer code is defined by a set of parity-check operators, which are measured in order to infer information about errors that may have occurred. In typical settings, measuring these operators is itself a noisy process and the noise strength scales with the number of qubits involved in a given parity check, or its weight. Hastings has proposed a method for reducing the weights of the parity checks of a stabilizer code, though it has previously only been studied in the asymptotic regime. Here, we instead focus on the regime of small to medium-size codes suitable for quantum computing hardware. We both provide a fully explicit description of Hastings’s method and propose a substantially simplified weight-reduction method that is applicable to the class of quantum product codes. Our simplified method allows us to reduce the check weights of hypergraph- and lifted-product codes to at most six, while preserving the number of logical qubits and at least retaining (in fact, often increasing) the code distance. The price we pay is an increase in the number of physical qubits by a constant factor but we find that our method is much more efficient than Hastings’s method in this regard. We benchmark the performance of our codes on a simulated photonic quantum computing architecture based on Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill qubits and passive linear optics, finding that our weight-reduction method substantially improves code performance. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Gyroid Lattice Structures Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting and a Study on Weight Reduction Methods

Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Gyroid Lattice Structures Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting and a Study on Weight Reduction Methods

Effect of surface area on the wear properties of Al-based automotive alloy and the role of Si at eutectic level

The efficiency of an engine material is closely correlated with its surface area. In order to investigate wear properties, effect of surface contact area as well as silicon addition at the eutectic level of Al-Cu-Mg alloy has been studied. This test is performed under room atmosphere and dry sliding conditions using a standard pin-on-disk apparatus. Weight reduction method is adopted to measure the wear rate in microns to get more accurate results. A load varying from of 5 to 50 N and a constant sliding speed of 0.77 ms−1 are maintained throughout the test. The test results show that a lower contact surface area has a negative impact on the wear properties having higher wear rate, while the coefficient of friction of the alloy and Si addition into the alloy improve the properties to some extent. Reduction of the contact surface area increases the unit pressure and decreased material volume causes softening of the alloy matrix, resulting in a higher wear rate and coefficient of friction. The Si addition offers such an improvement mostly for an increase in strength via the Si-rich intermetallic formation. A microstructural study confirms a lower abrasive wear with a minor plastic deformation on the worn surfaces of Si added alloy and wear with higher contact surface. The Si-added alloys contain the fine and strong Si-rich intermetallic, which are responsible for such a smooth worn surface.

Photobiomodulation Therapy for Improvement of Body Contour: A Retrospective Study on Middle Eastern Participants.

The rising demand for body contouring and concerns about side effects of invasive surgical procedures have led to advances in providing new non-invasive alternative methods for weight reduction. The current retrospective study investigated the safety and efficacy of photobiomodulation technology in reducing local obesity in Middle Eastern participants. Providing data about body circumferences of 30 participants, with body mass index (BMI) >28 and localized obesity in the abdomen, thighs, buttocks, or arms were included in the final data synthesis. All the records were received at least 4 treatment sessions with the photobiomodulation technology (Volcano device) in Center for Research and training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy (CRTSDL) during June 2022-September 2022 Reductions in body standing circumferences as well as reported adverse effects and participants' satisfaction were retrospectively evaluated and reported. . The extricated data included 30 females participants aged 42.06 ± 11.6 years and localized obesity in the abdomen (15 cases), thighs (7 cases), hip (one case) and arms (7 cases). While BMIs were not significantly different from the baseline, abdominal, arm and tight circumferences showed a significant decline after receiving 4 and 6 treatment sessions (P<0.01).. There was no report of adverse effect and overall satisfaction was an "excellent" grade. This study demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of photobiomodulation in reduction of circumferential size in abdomen, buttock, thigh, and arm areas in Middle Eastern participants with high patient satisfaction and acceptable safety profile.

"Dare to feel full"-A group treatment method for sustainable weight reduction in overweight and obese adults: A randomized controlled trial with 5-years follow-up.

To assess the long-term effects on weight reduction and health of a group-based behavioral weight intervention over six months focusing eating for fulfillment as compared to a control regime with brief intervention. Overweight or obese adults (n = 176, 80% female, mean BMI 33.8 ± 4.7 kg/m2, mean age 55.2 ±10.1 years) were randomized to a group treatment or control receiving a brief intervention. Ninety-three participants (53% of original sample) completed the 5-year follow-up. Anthropometrics, blood pressure and biochemical measurements, self-rated lifestyle habits, quality of life and medication were obtained at baseline, at the end of the 6-month intervention, and once a year for five years following randomization. A per-protocol analysis, performed due to a high drop-out rate, found that weight reduction was small and similar in the two groups after five years. Reduction of waist/hip ratio, total-cholesterol and triglycerides were somewhat larger in the control group than in the treatment group. No changes regarding blood pressure, quality of life or medication use between the treatment and control groups were found. No effect on weight reduction of the group intervention was found as compared to brief intervention but both groups achieved small weight loss over time. Findings indicate that any intervention or merely regular follow-ups might be promotive for weight maintenance in middle age.

Effect of foaming behavior of polypropylene foams on flame retardant properties under different weight reduction methods

AbstractIn previous studies, the effect of cell structures of polypropylene (PP) foam materials on flammability behavior had been largely overlooked. In this work, ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol were used as intumescent flame retardants (IFR) for PP, and then the PP‐IFR flame retardant foams were prepared by using injection foaming technology with two different weight reduction methods (same mold volume before foaming and after foaming). The results showed that the average cell size of all the PP‐IFR flame retardant foams in the 10% to 30% weight reduction was less than 100 μm. The PP‐IFR flame retardant foams with an average cell diameter of 26.22 μm and cell density of 7.88 × 106 cells/cm3 had the best limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 27.9%. In addition, the PP‐IFR flame retardant foams with better foaming quality had a higher LOI and a denser foam carbon layer whatever the weight reduction methods, resulting in better flame retardant properties. The escape of gases from the foamed and un‐foamed areas not only reduced the concentration of flammable gases but also led to the collapse and rupture of the foam carbon layer during the combustion process. Hence, it provides guidance for preparing PP foam materials with excellent flame retardancy.

Mental Health and Body Image and the Reduction of Excess Body Weight in Woman (Polish Sample).

In recent years, excessive body weight has become one of the most serious psychological, biological and social problems. According to forecasts by the World Health Organization, obesity and overweight will continue to increase among both adults and children in the coming years. Poland ranks sixth in Europe in this respect. In 2021, almost 58% of Poles had above-average body weight (overweight or obesity). In Poland, 29% of women are overweight, and 21% of women are obese. Body dissatisfaction, depression, and anxiety disorder are indicated as consequences of high BMI in women. Reducing excess body weight improves psychosocial functioning and changes body assessment. The most lasting effects of weight reduction are achieved by a properly selected diet combined with increased physical activity. This results in a change in lifestyle, changes in the levels of metabolic indicators, and changes in one's body image and mental health. Objective: Our objective was to assess changes in body image and mental health among Polish women and their dependence on the weight reduction method used (type of diet and physical activity). Comparative studies involving 122 women were conducted. These women were selected from 1000 volunteers based on BMI criteria. The effects of diet therapy were compared with the effects of diet therapy combined with physical activity. Research tools: The GHQ-12 scale was used to measure mental health, and the Body Esteem Scale was used to measure body image. The study lasted four years. The results showed changes in body image, general mental health index, and BMI in women who dieted and in those who dieted and exercised. In women using a diet combined with physical activity, greater positive changes in mental condition and stronger positive changes in body image, namely in the assessment of satisfaction with sexual attractiveness, physical condition, and body weight control, were observed compared to women using diet therapy alone.

Working Duration Prediction of Electric Tractors According to Weight Reduction

Highlights A method for weight reduction of the tractor's structure through topology optimization was presented. A dynamic model of an electric tractor was developed to predict working duration for various agricultural works. The increase in working duration due to the weight reduction of the tractor structure was predicted. A method for predicting the appropriate battery weight of an electric tractor was proposed. Abstract. Recently, the demand for electric tractors has grown substantially in efforts to achieve carbon neutrality. To successfully introduce electric tractors into the market, ensuring sufficient working duration on a single charge is crucial. Increasing the battery capacity is one approach to extend the working duration. However, structural weight reduction strategies for tractors should be explored to mitigate potential issues associated with excessive weight, such as soil compaction. To increase the working duration of electric tractors, this paper proposes methods for structural weight reduction, to predict working duration per agricultural work based on tractor weight reduction, and to predict the appropriate battery weight for electric tractors. The proposed method involves implementing topology optimization on the rear axle housing of tractors to achieve weight reduction. The allocation of weight reduction resulting from structural improvements to the battery weight is determined using a dynamic model of a tractor to calculate the increase in working duration. Additionally, the extended working duration for various agricultural works is estimated, considering different types of batteries and battery weight ratios. Notably, light-weighting achieved a 20.21% reduction in weight when compared with the initial model. The findings of this study indicate an increase in the working duration, with approximately 56.2 and 7.1 min additional for road driving and rotavator work when using Li-S batteries, respectively. Furthermore, the battery weight required to achieve the targeted working duration is calculated, accounting for variations in power demand across different agricultural works. Finally, a method for predicting the optimal battery weight for electric tractors based on the specific power needs and targeted working duration for various agricultural activities is proposed. Keywords: Battery weight, Electric tractor, Topology optimization, Weight reduction, Working duration prediction.

Comparative analysis of topology optimization versus material substitution: Is there a best method for vehicle weight reduction?

The United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal 13 focuses on taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. Resource efficient production and strict emission regulations have made vehicle weight reduction a subject of great interest. Common lightweighting techniques include topology optimization and material substitution. The benefits include reduced raw material usage, low fuel consumption, and low carbon emissions. There is a gap in the complex balance of decision-making. If an engineer is faced with the option of topologically optimizing or materially substituting, is one method better than the other? This paper comparatively analyses these lightweight design strategies.

The effect of bariatric-metabolic surgery on selected components of metabolic syndrome and visceral adipose tissue - the pilot study.

The aim of this study was to monitor changes in the components of the metabolic syndrome defined by Adult Treatment Panel III and the risk of adipose tissue. The study population consisted of 45 patients (30 women, 15 men) who underwent one bariatric procedure - partial jejuno-ileal derivation (n=17), sleeve resection (n=14) or laparoscopic gastric - plication (n=14). Components of metabolic syndrome such as waist circumference, morning glycemia/antihypertension, TAG, HDL cholesterol and blood pressure (BP)/antihypertension were monitored in probands. In addition, Dual Energy X-Ray Absorciometry measurements were performed. Parameters were monitored over the course of one year. The study shows that it is an effective method of weight reduction for the study population with metabolic effects in the risk components of metabolic syndrome - fasting glycemia, increase in HDL cholesterol and reduction in triacylglycerols in the blood, reduction in waist circumference and BP or direct disappearance of metabolic syndrome. Significantly, of the entire cohort, 68.9 % of the probands studied showed signs of metabolic syndrome when measured before the intervention. At the end of follow-up, only 22.2 % of probands showed metabolic syndrome. It was also found that if the amount of visceral fat was reduced, the overall risk of metabolic syndrome was also reduced. The study demonstrates a significant positive effect of bariatric surgery on parameters of metabolic syndrome. The study also showed a positive effect of reduced visceral fat volume on the components of metabolic syndrome.

Pharmacological methods for weight reduction and their connection with the human gut microbiota

In the beginning of the twenty-first century, obesity has become a concerning world-wide issue due to its high prevalence in modern society. It is a metabolic disorder, caused by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the human organism – the main reason for which is increased caloric intake and decreased caloric expenditure in combination with dysregulation of hunger. It is a chronic systematic disease that leads to the development of a large number of health complications, the most common of which are: diabetes mellitus type 2, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, sleep apnea, different types of cancer and more. During the last decade, significant advancements have been made in regard to treatment of many endocrine and metabolic conditions, using pharmacological means, and some of these novel medications have proven to be an effective therapy for obesity. There is emerging evidence that such drugs can exhibit an effect over the human gut microbiota – the complex system of commensal bacteria located in the gastrointestinal tract, which could affect appetite, mucosal integrity, nutrient absorption, and that interaction can be the key to understanding the pathogenesis of obesity and its treatment.

Awareness About the Benefits of Post-bariatric Surgery in Diabetic Patients in Makkah Almukarramah, Saudi Arabia.

To measure awareness about the benefits of post-bariatric surgery, which is a shortening of the gut in order to lose weight in diabetic patients in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among diabetic patients aged 18-65 from February to July 2023. An online questionnaire via Google Forms was distributed and used to assess the participants' awareness of the benefits of post-bariatric surgery for diabetic patients. Overall, 388 participants (56.40% female, 43.60% male) were surveyed. Most participants (91.5%) showed awareness of gastric sleeve surgery, while a significant proportion (85.8%) recognized obesity as a disease. A majority of participants (80.90%) showed awareness of the association between obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure. However, only 46.10% of participants showed awareness of eligibility criteria associated with bariatric surgery. The majority recognized the effectiveness of bariatric surgery for weight loss but did not consider it the first choice, emphasizing a preference for non-surgical weight loss strategies. Participants demonstrated good knowledge about obesity and its implications for health. They also demonstrated good knowledge about bariatric surgery as an effective weight reduction method but expressed a preference for non-surgical methods, which reflects their awareness of the complications of bariatric surgery. However, the results showed a lack of awareness of postoperative indications and lifestyle changes, thus highlighting the need for comprehensive patient education and counseling.

Efficacy of bariatric intervention as a bridge to cardiac transplant.

Many patients with heart failure (HF) are denied cardiac transplants due to inability to meet transplantation body mass index (BMI) criteria. Bariatric intervention, including surgery, medication, and weight loss guidance, may help patients lose weight and become eligible for transplantation. We aim to contribute to the literature on the safety and efficacy of bariatric intervention on patients with obesity and HF who are awaiting cardiac transplantation. University hospital, United States. This was a mixed retrospective/prospective study. Eighteen patients with HF and BMI >35 kg/m2 were reviewed. Patients were divided based on whether they underwent bariatric surgery or nonsurgical intervention and whether they had left ventricular assist devices or other advanced heart failure therapy including inotropic support, guideline-directed medical therapy, and/or temporary mechanical circulatory support. Weight, BMI, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were collected before bariatric intervention and 6 months after bariatric intervention. No patients were lost to follow-up. Bariatric surgery led to statistically significant decreases in weight and BMI when compared with nonsurgical patients. At 6 months after intervention, surgical patients lost an average of 18.6 kg and decreased their BMI by 6.4 kg/m2 while nonsurgical patients lost 1.9 kg and decreased their BMI by .7 kg/m2. After bariatric intervention, surgical patients had an average LVEF increase of 5.9% and nonsurgical patients had an average decrease of 5.9%, although these findings lacked statistical significance. Our study suggests that bariatric intervention among patients with HF and obesity is a safe and effective method of weight and BMI reduction.

Redesigning planet carrier for material conservation using whale optimization

Planet carriers are one of the important and heavy components in planetary gearboxes. Planet carriers of heavy gearboxes used for large applications are not produced in numbers. However, the increasing cost pressures has forced designers to apply weight reduction and optimization methods for components like these as a one-time obligatory exercise. In the presented case, a candidate planet carrier used in the gearbox of a sugar mill is considered for weight reduction exercise without compromising its strength. 3D CAD model of the given planet carrier is prepared and analyzed to understand the operating stresses. The knowledge of predictable stress values at various locations are used to guide the optimization. Numerical simulations are carried out with AI based Whale optimization algorithm for optimization. Obtained dimensions of optimized planet carriers are verified by the stress analysis again. The results predicted that a weight reduction of 8% can be possible with the optimized design without compromising the design constraints. The work demonstrates that a relatively simple whale optimization algorithm can be used to optimize weight for many such heavy components.

Intentional obesity reduction and the occurrence of gastric cancer – literature review

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of most common cancers worldwide. Reducing exposure to risk factors, along with screening and early detection, are crucial for prevention. Many studies have linked obesity to GC. Weight loss can be achieved through proper diet and exercise. For patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher, or 35 or higher with serious obesity-related comorbidities, bariatric surgery can be a means of weight reduction. This raises the question of whether intentional weight loss can lower the risk of GC in the population. Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to collect and summarize existing evidence on connection of bariatric surgery and lower GC risk and mortality in patients with obesity. Material and method: Literature review was performed, in English databases, using keywords : cancer, gastric cancer, bariatric surgery, prevention, obesity, survival in gastric cancer. Results and conclusion: It is widely recognized that obesity increases the risk of GC, and bariatric surgery is an effective method for weight reduction. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for sustained weight loss and remission of obesity-related conditions. A systematic review conducted on this topic revealed that bariatric surgery is linked to a reduced risk of GC in patients with obesity. Compared to no surgery, bariatric surgery was found to be associated with significantly lower rates of obesity-associated cancer and cancer-related mortality. Weight loss after bariatric surgery provides significant health benefits.

Development of Warp Deformation Prediction Method for Weight Reduction of Vehicle Resin Parts

Development of Warp Deformation Prediction Method for Weight Reduction of Vehicle Resin Parts

Application of Rice Field Snails (Pila ampullacea) Extract as an Alternative Substitute for Protein Sources in Export-Quality Catfish Feed (Clarias sp.)

The freshwater fishery commodity that ranks at the top in total production in Indonesia, and its high domestic consumption, is catfish (Clarias sp.). One of the efforts to provide alternative feeds is by using rice field snails (Pila ampullacea) due to their high protein content. This study aims to determine the content of P. ampullacea feed and its application as an alternative protein source in export-quality Clarias sp. The feed was prepared by combining P.ampullacea flour, rice bran, and corn flour in a ratio of 3:1:1. Analysis of water content was conducted using the weight reduction method, ash content using the ashing method, protein content using the Kjeldahl method, and fat content using the soxhletation method. The analysis results showed that P. ampullacea had water content of 7.97%, ash content of 10.36%, protein content of 50.17%, and fat content of 4.16%. Meanwhile, the P.ampullacea feed had water content of 10.49%, ash content of 8.26%, protein content of 48.74%, and fat content of 3.6%. The results indicated that the application of P.ampullacea to Clarias sp. led to an increase in protein and fat content every week, the levels found in the commercial feed used.

Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Asians: Current Perspectives and Future Directions.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a subset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which, apart from excess fat in the liver, may be characterised by some level of inflammatory infiltration and fibrogenesis, occasionally progressing to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The objective of the current review is to elucidate the rising prevalence, the role of microbiome and genetics in pathogenesis, diagnostic challenges, and novel treatment alternatives for NASH. Newer diagnostic techniques are being developed since using liver biopsy in a larger population is not a reasonable option and is primarily restricted to clinical research, at least in developing countries. Besides these technical challenges, another important factor leading to deviation from guideline practice is the lack of health insurance coverage in countries like India. It leads to reluctance on the part of physicians and patients to delay required tests to curb out-of-pocket expenditure. There is no cure for NASH, with liver transplantation remaining the last option for those who progress to end-stage liver disease (ESLD) or are detected with early-stage HCC. Thus, lifestyle modification remains the only viable option for many, but compliance and long-term adherence remain major challenges. In obese individuals, bariatric surgery and weight reduction have shown favourable results. In patients with less severe obesity, endoscopic bariatric metabolic therapies (EBMT) are rapidly emerging as less invasive therapies. However, access and acceptability remain poor for these weight reduction methods. Therefore, intense research is being conducted for potential newer drug classes with several agents currently in phase II or III of clinical development. Some of these have demonstrated promising results, such as a reduction in hepatic fat content, and attenuation of fibrosis with an acceptable tolerability profile in phase II studies. The developments in the management of NASH have been fairly encouraging. Further well-designed long-term prospective studies should be undertaken to generate evidence with definitive results.

Penggunaan Minyak Biji Feun Kase (Thevetia Peruviana) Sebagai Inhibitor Korosi Logam Seng Dalam Media Asam

Research on using Feun Kase (Thevetia Peruviana) seed oil as a corrosion inhibitor for zinc metal has been done. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions of immersion time, inhibitor concentration, and temperature in the corrosion inhibition process. Fun Kase seed oil was obtained by maceration extraction for five days using methanol solvent. The inhibition test using the weight reduction method was carried out with variations in immersion time, inhibitor concentration, and temperature to determine the inhibition efficiency and corrosion rate per year in the corrosion test process. From the research results, the optimum immersion time and inhibitor concentration were obtained at 3 hours of immersion time, and a concentration of 1000 ppm with an inhibition efficiency of 43.16% and a corrosion rate of 13.48 mph, and the optimum temperature was obtained at 30ºC with an inhibition efficiency value of 21.33 %.