Sampling Method Research Articles

Pengaruh Budaya Organisasional dan Kepribadian Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior dengan Komitmen Organisasional Sebagai Mediasi : Studi pada Satuan Lalu Lintas Kepolisian Resor Kota Pati

The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the influence of organizational culture and personality on Organizational Citizenship Behavior mediated by organizational commitment on Traffic Unit of Pati City Police Resort. The population used in this study were 102 members of Traffic Unit of Pati City Police Resort. The sampling method in this study used census. Data analysis technique used regression using SPSS program and Sobel test. The results of this study can be concluded that organizational culture has a positive effect on organizational commitment. Personality has a positive effect on organizational commitment. Organizational culture has a positive effect on OCB. Personality has a positive effect on OCB. Work motivation has a positive effect on employee performance. Organizational commitment is able to mediate the influence of organizational culture on OCB. Organizational commitment is able to mediate the influence of personality on OCB.

Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Loyalitas Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya. Tbk Kecamatan Karawang Barat

This study aims to find out and assess the effect of job satisfaction and job loyalty on employees' intention to leave their current workplace. PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya. Tbk, became the object of this research which is located in West Karawang. The method used in this research is kunatitatif type with verification analysis techniques. The sampling method used is saturated sampling, with a total of 105 responses received from the total number of participants. In analysing the research data, multiple linear regression analysis was used for this study. from the results of the research found that at PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya. Tbk, job satisfaction and job loyalty have a simultaneous and partial impact on the desire to leave the current job and look for a new job elsewhere. The level of job satisfaction and loyalty that a person has towards his company has a positive relationship with the desire to leave his current job. About 13% of the results generated by this model are influenced by external variables.

Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Ukuran Perusahaan, Leverage, Kepemilikan Manajerial dan Kepemilikan Institusional Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan: Studi pada Perusahaan Food and Baverage yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2022

This research aims to examine the influence of the independent variables profitability, liquidity, company size, leverage, managerial ownership and institutional ownership and the dependent variable firm value. The object of this research is food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2019 - 2022. The sampling method used is the purposive sampling technique. This research was conducted on 19 companies and the number of observations was 532 data using a quantitative-descriptive approach. The analytical method used is multiple regression which consists of classic assumption tests (normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test and autocorrelation test) and hypothesis tests (coefficient of determination test, T test, F test). The results of this research show that profitability and leverage have a positive and significant effect on company value, while liquidity, company size, managerial ownership and institutional ownership have no effect on company value.

TOTAL AUDIT REPORT LAG: PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN

Financial statements are one of the primary references for evaluating a company's performance. These reports generally need to be prepared quickly because they are crucial for companies, especially those that are publicly traded. The Indonesia Stock Exchange requires publicly traded companies to provide accurate and timely data and information. The purpose of this research is to determine whether profitability, leverage, and company size have an impact on audit report lag. The sample used in this study consists of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2020 to 2023. The sampling method applied is purposive sampling method, with several criteria used so as to get a sample of 47 companies with a research period of 4 years. The data analysis technique used is pooling test, descriptive statistical test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regressioin analyst, and hypothesis testing. The test which is processed using the IBM SPSS Statistic 27 application. It can be concluded that there is sufficient evidence that profitability has a negative effect on audit report lag. Leverage has a negative effect on audit report lag, and there is not enough evidence that company size has a positive effect on audit report lag.

Predicting Financial Distress in Indonesian Companies using Machine Learning

Predicting financial distress is essential in Indonesia's rapidly evolving economy, characterized by diverse business environments and regulatory challenges. This study evaluates four machine learning classifiers, XGBoost, Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Classification (SVC), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), to predict financial distress among Indonesian companies. Two sampling methods, Random Under-Sampling (RUS) and Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE), were used to address class imbalance. Empirical results indicate that the RF model trained with SMOTE sampling was the most effective, achieving an F1 score of 0.9632 and an accuracy of 0.96, while the XGBoost classifier with RUS sampling achieved a precision of 0.9716. These findings provide valuable insights into Indonesia's financial sector, guiding the selection of appropriate models for timely financial distress prediction and intervention.

Pengaruh Locus of Control, Self Efficacy dan Employee Engagement Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Objek Wisata Owabong Water Park Purbalingga

The aim of this study is to examine the influence of locus of control, self efficacy and employee engagement on employee performance at the tourist attraction of Owabong Water Park Purbalingga. The study is a quantitative study using a total of 112 respondents of permanent employees at owabong water park purbalingga. The simple sampling technique used is the method of saturated samples. The analysis technique used in this study is using the SPSS Version 26 tool. The tests used in this study include the Validity Test, Reliability Test, Normality Test, Multicolinearity test, Heteroscadastisity Tests, Dual Linear Regression Analysis Tests and F and T Tests. The results of this study show that locus of control has a positive and significant impact on employee performance, self efficacy has a significant and positive impact on the employee's performance, employee engagement has a partial and significant effect on employees' performance, and locus Of Control, Self Efficiency and Employee Engagement simultaneously have a positive effect on Employees' performance. The practical implications of this study are the need for companies to focus on developing strategies and programmes that can increase employee engagement levels, thereby improving employee overall performance.

Development and validation of a portable device for lab-free versatile nucleic acid extraction.

Nucleic acid testing (NAT) has revolutionized diagnostics by providing precise, rapid, and scalable detection methods for diverse biological samples. These recent advancements satisfy the increasing demand for on-site diagnostics, yet sample preparation remains a significant bottleneck for achieving highly sensitive diagnostic assays. There is an unmet need for compatible, efficient, and lab-free sample preparation for point-of-care NAT. To address this, we developed a portable, lab-free, and battery-powered device for extracting nucleic acids. We explored using low centrifugal forces with existing commercial chemistry, demonstrating excellent performance. We designed and tested a battery-powered device to enable lab-free extractions, and verified reagents stored out to 6 months, suggesting exceptional deployment capabilities. We evaluated our device, comparing our results against those from a benchtop centrifuge across three types of samples: HIV RNA in buffer, HIV RNA in plasma, and SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva. The portable device demonstrated excellent agreement with the benchtop centrifuge, indicating high reliability. By providing an effective on-site sample preparation solution, the widespread adoption of low centrifugal extractions will improve the sensitivity and reliability of NAT and will positively impact other point-of-care technologies such as next generation sequencing (NGS), biomarker detection, and environmental monitoring.

Practices of Good Governance in Budhanilkantha Municipality: Local Government Initiatives

This article explores good governance practices and public service delivery by elected representatives and administrative staff in Budhanilkantha Municipality, Nepal. It examines local government initiatives and emphasizes key principles of good governance such as accountability, transparency, justice, and participation. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating surveys and interviews, to assess key governance indicators, including transparency, accountability, public participation, and service delivery. Likewise, a stratified sampling method was used to select 120 respondents from all wards of Budhanilkantha Municipality. The findings provide a comprehensive overview of governance practices in the Municipality, highlighting strengths and improvement areas. While awareness of governance principles is generally high, challenges such as limited public participation, delayed public service delivery, and varying levels of transparency persist. The research underscores the importance of citizen engagement and the proactive implementation of good governance mechanisms to foster trust, enhance service delivery, and support sustainable local development. The insights derived from this case study offer valuable guidance for policymakers, practitioners, and community stakeholders seeking to strengthen governance frameworks at the local level.

Microbiological indoor air quality and associated factors in private clinics of Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia

Background: Indoor air pollution, including airborne microorganisms, can cause allergies, respiratory diseases, and immune-toxic diseases. Sneezing generates millions of airborne microbial infections, and ventilation sources alter microbial communities. Few studies exist in developing countries, including Ethiopia, and Harar Town. The aim is to assess microbial indoor air quality and associated factors among private clinics, Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 260 private clinic rooms in Harar town, using a systematic random sampling method and passive air sampling. Data was collected using the settle plate method and an observation checklist. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression, with a P-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant. Result: The minimum and maximum bacterial loads were 3933 CFU/m3 and 92 CFU/m3 respectively. Based on the pollution degree of the European Commission, the Mean bacterial load (904 CFU/m3) was at higher bacterial load. The highest, lowest, and mean fungal loads were 1967 CFU/m3, 9 CFU/m3 and 401 CFU/m3 respectively. Temperature of <25 °C (AOR = 1.58, p = 0.04, and 95% CI = 1.05, 1.91), >28 °C (AOR = 1.23, P = 0.03, and 95% CI = 1.51, 2.02) were significantly associated with bacterial indoor air quality. Relative humidity of treatment rooms (AOR = 1.87, p = 0.02, and 95% CI = 1.21, 3.09) had an association with bacterial loads. The clinic treatment rooms with a recorded temperature <25 °C (AOR = 6.32, p = 0.01, and 95% CI = 6.10, 8.25) had associated with fungal loads. But the rooms having a temperature of >28 °C (AOR = 0.41, p = 0.04, and 95% CI = 0.31, 0.78) were 59% less likely to comply with the fungal standards compared to rooms having a temperature of 25–28 °C. The clinic rooms with a relative humidity of <30% (AOR = 7.75, p = 0.02, 95% CI = 7.21, 8.39) were 7.75 times more likely to comply with those with a relative humidity of > 60% in the treatment rooms. Conclusion: Private clinics in Harar had a moderate fungal load and a higher indoor air bacterial concentration when compared to different indoor air standards. Temperature, humidity, inadequate ventilation and the presence of unsanitary attached toilets are some variables associated with microbial loads.

Analyzing The Level of Knowledge, Awareness and Attitude of Muslim Students Towards Halal Medicine In Yogyakarta

This research aims to examine the influence of public knowledge, awareness and attitudes towards halal medicines. The sample for this research was 100 respondents selected using a purposive sampling method in Yogyakarta. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed via social media and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The research results showed that the variables of knowledge, awareness and attitude were 61.4% regarding the halalness of medicines. Meanwhile, other factors contributed 38.6%, the rest was influenced by other variables. So, the knowledge variable has an insignificant influence, while awareness and attitude have a positive and significant influence on the halalness of medicines. This shows that Muslim students tend to still have low knowledge regarding understanding the halal nature of medicines. Apart from that, awareness and attitude also have different positive influences on the halalness of medicines. These findings have implications for the government, pharmaceutical factories and related agencies to pay more attention to the halalness of medicines in an effort to maintain public health and public trust. On the other hand, this research also contributes to researchers in the pharmaceutical field by enriching the literature regarding factors that influence the halalness of medicines.

Unsupervised Image Classification Based on Fully Fuzzy Voronoi Tessellation

High noise resistance and high boundary fitting accuracy have always been the goals of image classification. However, the two mutually constrain each other, making it extremely difficult to reach equilibrium. To deal with this problem, the unsupervised image classification algorithm based on fully fuzzy Voronoi tessellation is proposed. It extends Voronoi tessellation from hard to fuzzy, and proposes a hierarchical fuzzy membership model, i.e., pixels fuzzily belong to Voronoi polygons and polygons fuzzily belong to clusters. The objective function is established based on the hierarchical fuzzy membership model by fully considering the transitivity of fuzziness between different levels. Then, the optimal classification result can be obtained by the fuzzy comprehensive decision theory under the best parameter solution. The first level retains the flexibility of pixels while modeling spatial constraints. The second level determines which class the polygon belongs to under the constraint of the first level. It provides an effective way of balancing noise resistance and boundary fitting. In addition, the Voronoi tessellation is explicitly expressed in the objective function in the form of the mathematical model, which allows it to obtain the optimal value through analytical solutions instead of the previous random sampling method. It greatly increases the convergence speed of the algorithm. Experiments have been performed on simulated and several remote sensing images with seven comparing algorithms to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Loyalitas Pelanggan pada Restoran Cepat Saji di Kabupaten Tangerang

The fast food industry has grown rapidly driven by urbanization, modern lifestyles, and innovation in menus and service. This industry also faces significant challenges, namely intense competition. Therefore, companies need to improve factors that can strengthen relationships with customers and encourage them to remain loyal. This research aims to analyze the influence of service quality, price and food quality on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty at the Tigaraksa fast food restaurant. This research uses quantitative methods and uses non-probability sampling methods with purposive sampling techniques. The data analysis technique used was Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), with a sample size of 240 respondents. The results of data processing prove that service quality has a positive effect on customer satisfaction. Price has a positive effect on customer satisfaction. Food quality has a positive effect on customer satisfaction. Service quality has a positive effect on customer loyalty. Price has a positive effect on customer loyalty. Food quality has a positive effect on customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction can increase customer loyalty. This research contributes to restaurant managers continuing to improve service quality, setting competitive prices, and ensuring consistent food quality in order to achieve higher customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Nasal carriage of MRSA among clinically affiliated undergraduate students at the College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Ethiopia

Medical and health science students are among the demographics most at risk from Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is a serious hazard to public health. The main reservoir for MRSA is the nasal cavity, and colonization of this area can raise the risk of infection and transmission in healthcare settings. This study aimed to assess the nasal carriage rate of MRSA among clinically affiliated students at Haramaya University, College of Health and Medicine Sciences, Ethiopia, from July to August 2022. An institution-based cross-sectional study of 250 study participants was conducted using a stratified random sampling methods. The data were collected via structured questionnaires. Nasal swabs were cultured on mannitol salt agar and blood agar at 37 °C for 24 h. Staphylococcus aureus was identified using catalase and coagulase tests. The MRSA was screened using the cefoxitin disk diffusion method on Muller Hinton agar. The data were entered and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Pearson’s chi-square test was performed to predict associations between variables. A p value less than 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. The nasal carriage rate of S. aureus was 8% (95% CI: 4.6-11.3%). The Nasal carriage rate of MRSA was 4.8% (95% CI: 2.1-7.4%). Overall, 4.8% of all the students were identified as MRSA carriers. MRSA carriage was high among medical students (33.3%). Nose-picking habit (X2 = 16.7, P = 0.001) and dormitory occupancy (X2 = 3.6, P = 0.045) were significantly associated with the MRSA rate. All the MRSA strains were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. However, all the MRSA strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol and clindamycin. This study revealed that MRSA is a threat due to significant resistance. Nasal carriage is associated with nose picking and dorm occupancy. Encourage practices such as avoiding nose picking and maintaining personal cleanliness. Regular cleaning and disinfection of shared spaces can reduce the presence of MRSA.

Shrimp phenotypic data extraction and growth abnormality identification method based on instance segmentation

Shrimp phenotypic characteristics encompass externally or partially internally observable traits like body length, width, color, and morphology. These traits are vital for assessing shrimp health, growth, and environmental adaptability. The traditional manual sampling method is labor-intensive and inadequately reflects the overall growth status of cultured shrimp. Therefore, this paper proposes a shrimp phenotypic data extraction and growth abnormality identification method based on instance segmentation. Firstly, overhead images of shrimp are collected to form a dataset. Secondly, an improved YOLOv8 algorithm is utilized for instance segmentation of the shrimp. Then, shrimp phenotypic data is extracted through image processing techniques and reference object transformation. Finally, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests are used to assess the growth and development status of the shrimp groups, while individual growth abnormalities are identified using the Z-value algorithm and the Interquartile Range method. Additionally, this paper optimizes shrimp farming processes such as grading, selective breeding, and feeding based on phenotypic data. On the self-built dataset, the proposed method achieves an average precision of instance segmentation of 99.5 % and an F1 score of 99.3 %. Comparing the shrimp lengths calculated by our model with manual measurements, the absolute error in shrimp length fitting is 4.63 mm, with a relative error of 4.58 %. The accuracy of detecting abnormal individuals in shrimp is 91 %. The results indicate that the proposed method can effectively evaluate shrimp growth status and identify abnormal growth patterns.

Peran Kepuasan Kerja Dipengaruhi Gaji, Stabilitas Pekerjaan, Pengayaan Pekerjaan, dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Komitmen Karyawan

Employee commitment is an important factor for the success of industrial companies in Tangerang City, especially in the tire production industry sector, because committed employees tend to increase job satisfaction, productivity, and profitability. This study aims to determine the effect of salary, job stability, job enrichment, and work environment on job satisfaction and employee commitment. The method in this study is quantitative, with a non-probability sampling method and a purposive sampling technique of 150 male employee respondents in the mixing center department at XYZ company in Tangerang City who have worked for at least 2 years. The results of data analysis using Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) show that salary, job stability, job enrichment, and work environment have a positive effect on job satisfaction and employee commitment. This research encourages companies to focus more on job satisfaction and employee commitment. It is expected that future researchers will add other variables that may be influential, such as organizational culture, leadership style, and employee performance to broaden their understanding of the factors that influence job satisfaction and employee commitment.

Estimating the Economic Burden of COVID-19: Findings from Southern Iran

Background and Objective COVID-19 is an acute respiratory disease that poses a significant threat to public health. Recognizing the impact and costs associated with this disease can assist policymakers in making informed decisions about the allocation of resources. Therefore, this study estimated the economic burden of COVID-19 from a societal perspective, focusing on patients admitted to the referral hospital for this disease in southern Iran in 2022. Methods This descriptive and analytical study employed a random sampling method to select patients admitted to hospitals affiliated with Jiroft University of Medical Sciences in southern Kerman, Iran. The sampling period spanned from March 2020 to February 2021. In total, 450 patients were included in this study. A researcher-made checklist was used as the data collection tool. The data were then analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The analysis was performed using SPSS23, with the significance level set at 0.05. Results The study estimated the total direct cost, total indirect cost, total cost of the studied patients, and the economic burden of COVID-19 disease as 600,211.89, 193,667.28, 793,879.17, and 4,186,389.48 dollars, respectively. A statistically significant correlation was found between length of stay (r=0.858, p<0.001), type of insurance (F=2.853, P=0.023), and total direct cost. Conclusion Based on these results, it is evident that COVID-19 has imposed a substantial economic burden. The study findings emphasize the need for decision-makers to take measures and implement effective interventions to address COVID-19. This can be achieved by controlling risk factors, drawing upon successful experiences from other countries, and following recommendations provided by international organizations. By reducing the number of infections, the economic burden associated with the disease can be alleviated.

Determinan Pertumbuhan Laba pada Perusahaan Industri Makanan dan Minuman Periode 2018-2022

Financial reports can be used as an instrument to assess company profit growth. Profit growth can be measured using financial and non-financial indicators. The researcher re-examined the debt to equity ratio, current ratio, total asset turnover, institutional ownership and independent board of commissioners on profit growth in food and beverage subsector companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange. Quantitative research is defined as a systematic investigation of phenomena by collecting data that can be measured by performing statistical, mathematical or computational techniques. The population in this study are companies in the group of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) during the observation year 2018 - 2022. The sample in this study used a purposive sampling method. This research uses multiple linear analysis methods, testing independent variables is carried out on more than one variable. Data testing was carried out using SPSS and was carried out in stages. This research aims to test and analyze the influence of the variables debt to equity ratio, current ratio, total asset turnover, institutional ownership and independent board of commissioners on profit growth. The population used in this research is food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2018 - 2022 period.

Pengaruh Kompetensi terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan di PT Aroma Wangi Indonesia

Examining the relationship between competence and productivity at PT Aroma Wangi Indonesia is the goal of this quantitative research. Thirty workers were selected using a purposive sampling method at random from the respondents inside the organization. We administered tests for normality, linearity, heteroscedasticity, and reliability to our Likert scale surveys, as well as t-tests, reliability analyses, and validity tests, among other statistical procedures, to ensure their data were accurate and reliable. Because the calculated r-value of 9.319 was more than the table r-value of 1.701, with a significance level of 0.000 (< 0.05), the study's findings showed that the independent variable affects the dependent variable. The coefficient of determination test yielded a high R Squared value of 75.6%, lending credence to the hypothesis that competence has a substantial influence on the productivity of PT Aroma Wangi Indonesia personnel. There is a robust relationship between competency and output in the workplace, according to the findings.

Defining depth requirements to conserve fish assemblages from water take in an intermittent river

River systems once safeguarded from water development are being developed. This includes intermittent rivers that annually dry to a series of pools. Describing fish species relationships between abundance and pool depth can help managers set water-take rules that protect fish in dry-season pools. We sampled fish in main-channel and floodplain pools that spanned a gradient of depths and overcame sampling challenges by accounting for interacting effects of species mean length, environmental attributes, and sampling attributes on fish capture probabilities. Fish abundance-depth relationships varied systematically with species mean length, mesohabitat type (main channel, floodplain), water turbidity, and structural complexity, highlighting system complexity and the potential generality of abundance-depth relationships. Similarly, fish length moderated the effects of environmental attributes on capture probability for all sampling methods. We evaluated impacts of hypothetical water-take regulations on fish species’ distributions. Results suggested that water-take rules prohibiting draining of main-channel pools below 1.65 m and reducing floodplain pools by no more than 14% minimises impacts to species’ distributions, promoting conservation of the fish community. Additionally, our approach demonstrates the capacity of species length for predicting distributional and sampling patterns of fish species.

Prevalence of Varroa destructor Infestations in Apis mellifera Honeybee Colonies and Associated Risk Factors in Ankasha District, Northwest Ethiopia.

Varroa destructor is an ectoparasite of broods and adult stages of honeybees, which gradually leads to colony losses worldwide, both directly (feeding on fatty tissue) and indirectly (disease transmission). The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of varroosis and to identify possible risk factors for the occurrence of varroosis. The honeybee colonies were selected by a simple random sampling method from each apiary of 90 volunteer apiarists. Combs containing mature drone broods were taken out of each colony and examined for the presence of V. destructor on the brood and in the cell. A cross-sectional study design was used for data collection. The data were analysed by chi-square test (χ2) and logistic regression. Overall, 66.15% of honeybee colonies were infested with V. destructor. Colony strength, colony age and agro-ecology had statistically significant (p<0.05) associations with the occurrence of varroosis. Weak colonies were 4.89 (p<0.001) times more likely to be at risk to varroosis than moderate colonies. Likewise, honeybee colonies with the age of 2-3 years and >3 years were 1.99 and 4.74 (p<0.001) times more likely to be at risk to varroosis than colonies with <2 years, respectively. Furthermore, honeybee colonies in highland and midland agro-ecologies were 3.67 and 5.07 (p<0.001) times more likely at risk to infestation of varroosis when compared with colonies from lowland agro-ecologies, respectively. Varroosis is prevalent in the study area, which alarms the starting of an effective control option to save honeybee colonies.