Volume Meter Research Articles

Anti-rheumatoid arthritis potential of Rhododendron molle G. Don leaf extract in adjuvant induced arthritis rats.

The aim of this study was to test the anti-rheumatic arthritis effects of Rhododendron molle G. Don leaf extract in arthritis rats and inflammatory RAW 264.7cells. Preliminary analysis and comparison of potential medicinal components of three polar extracts by HPLC and UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. SD rats were subcutaneously injected with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) to induce inflammation on the right hind paw. RAW 264.7cells were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to established cell inflammatory model. The volume of rat hind paw was measured with a volume meter to detect swelling, and the weight of rats was measured with an electronic balance. The severity of arthritis in rats was evaluated by arthritis score. The pathological sections of rat hind paw joints were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the contents of IL-6 and IL-1β in serum were detected. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and COX-2 genes in RAW 264.7cells. The release of nitric oxide was measured by Griess reaction. The expression levels of IL-6 and IL-1β were detected by Western-Blot. and discussion: The chloroform extract from R. molle leaves (CERL), Ethyl acetate extract from R. molle leaves (EERL), n-butanol extract from R. molle leaves (BERL) could significantly inhibit hind paws swelling and reduce arthritis index in arthritis rats. And it showed dose dependence. Compared with tripterygium glycosides (TG) tablets, an effective drug of RA treatment, CERL have better anti-RA effect after administration. In addition, the three kinds of the polar extracts of Rhododendron molle leaves (PERL) had lower toxicity, with the LD50 279.87, 239.65, 500.08 (mg/kg) respectively, while TG group's LD50 was 96.00 (mg/kg). In vitro experiments showed that the three PERLs can significantly inhibit the level of pro-inflammatory factors and inflammatory mediator, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2 and NO, which were consistent with their anti-RA ability. Among the three kinds of PERLs, CERL showed the best inhibitory activity. The R. molle leaf is a potential medicinal part for the treatment of RA. This study explored the anti-RA and anti-inflammatory activities of CERL, EERL, BERL, which laid a foundation for further promoting the clinical application of R. molle.

Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Disinfectant Usage in the Home and Office.

Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Disinfectant Usage in the Home and Office.

A low-cost and portable centrifugal microfluidic platform for continuous processing of large sample volumes

Centrifugal microfluidic platforms are becoming increasing popular in many research and diagnostic applications. A major challenge in centrifugal microfluidics is continuous handling of large sample volumes. Keeping the flow rate constant during sample inflow is difficult without a pump. We report an affordable (<USD 40) and portable platform that can handle sample volumes of up to 50 ml without a pump. We use a Mariotte bottle for sample inflow into the disk at a constant flow rate and with a throughput of 1 ml/s. Our pumping mechanism allows basic operations, such as volume metering, flow switching, and mixing. Our platform fulfills the need for portable and affordable instrumentation in developing countries.

A Fully Integrated, Ready-to-Use Distance-Based Chemosensor for Visual Quantification of Multiple Heavy Metal Ions.

Point-of-care devices offering quantitative results with simple steps would allow great useability for untrained end-users. Here, we report a ready-to-use chemosensor integrating automatic sample metering, on-chip reaction, gravitational-magnetic separation, and a distance-based readout for visual quantification of multiple heavy metal ions. Deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes), probe-modified magnetic microparticles (MMPs), and polystyrene microparticles (PMPs) are preloaded into a microfluidic chip and freeze-dried. After the water sample is collected with automatic volume metering, the particles are resuspended, and the MMPs and PMPs hybridize with DNAzyme at its two termini, forming the "MMPs-DNAzyme-PMPs" structure. When target metal ions are present, the DNAzymes are cleaved, yielding an increased number of free PMPs. All on-chip reactions are controlled by stopping the liquid flow at capillary valves and bursting it with hand-controlled tilting. Using the chip with a gravitational-magnetic separator, the free PMPs are separated from "MMPs-DNAzyme-PMPs" and accumulate into the trapping channel with a nozzle, forming a visual bar with growing distances proportional to the concentration of target metal ions. The achieved limit of detection (LOD) values for Cu2+ (103.1 nM), Pb2+ (69.5 nM), and Ag+ (793.6 nM) are below the maximum contamination levels. High selectivity of 100-fold, 200-fold, and 20-fold against interference is obtained. Moreover, by integrating three identical channels in parallel, simultaneous detection of the above-mentioned heavy metal ions in fresh and tap water samples is also achieved with high accuracy. Together, this fully integrated and easily operated platform embodies excellent potential for rapid, on-site sensing by unskilled users.

Effect of electroacupuncture of "Zusanli"(ST36) and "Guanyuan" (CV4) on apoptosis and expression of apoptosis-related proteins of synoviocytes in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats

To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of "Zusanli"(ST36) and "Guanyuan"(CV4) on the apoptosis rate of synoviocytes and protein expression of Fas, FasL and Caspase-3 in synovial tissue of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of rheumatoid arthritis （RA）. A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into normal, model, medication and EA groups, with 6 rats in each group. The AIA model was established by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA, 0.1 mL) into the left hindlimb paw. The rats in the medication group received intraperitoneal injection of 0.35 mg/kg of methotrexate, twice a week for 4 weeks. The rats in the EA group received EA stimulation of ST36 and CV4 (20 Hz/50 Hz, 1 mA) for 20 min, 6 times a week for 4 weeks. The left hind paw volume was measured using a paw volume meter, and histopathological changes of synovial tissue were observed by light microscope after H.E. staining. The serum contents of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and interleukin-1 （IL-1） were measured by ELISA. The apoptosis of synoviocytes was detected by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL), and the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins Fas, FasL and Caspase-3 in synovium were detected by Western blot. Compared with the normal group, the left hind paw volume from day 3 to 24 after administration of CFA, serum IL-1 and TNF-α contents were significantly increased (P<0.01), while the expressions of Fas, FasL and Caspase-3 proteins and apoptotic rate of synoviocytes were significantly decreased in the model group (P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the paw volume from day 17 to 24 after modeling, the serum IL-1 and TNF-α contents were significantly reduced (P<0.01), while the apoptotic rate of synoviocytes, expressions of Fas protein in both medication and EA groups, Caspase-3 protein in the acupuncture group and FasL protein in the medication group were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the medication group, the expression of FasL protein was decreased in EA group (P<0.05). H.E. stain showed obvious hyperplasia of the synovial lining layer, and disordered arrangement of synovial cells, with edema and enlargement in some cells in the model group, which was relatively milder in both medication and EA groups. EA of ST36 and CV4 can promote the apoptosis of synoviocytes and the expressions of Fas and FasL proteins in AIA rats, which may contribute to its role in relieving synovitis through activating Fas/FasL signaling.

Resource Efficiency in the Construction Sector: Material Intensities of Residential Buildings—A German Case Study

This article describes an approach for comparing material intensity values for residential buildings with different construction types. Based on the working drawings of the different construction types (wood and mineral), material intensities are calculated at the building level. Material intensities describe the materials used in a building in mass (tonnes (t)) in relation to the square meters (m2) of gross floor area (GFA) or the cubic meters (m3) of gross volume (GV). The method for determining material intensities at the building level is demonstrated. The results show that material intensities range from 0.61 t/m2 GFA to 1.95 t/m2 GFA for single-family residential buildings and from 1.36 t/m2 GFA to 1.54 t/m2 GFA for multi-storey residential buildings. The average material intensity for mineral buildings is twice as high as that for wood buildings, which means that there is a beneficial resource efficiency in building with wood instead of mineral materials. Therefore, benchmarks for a resource efficient building can be conducted based on these values. These values demonstrate a possibility to influence resource efficiency in buildings.

Low-cost, open-source contact angle analyzer using a mobile phone, commercial tripods and 3D printed parts

Measurement of contact angle is important in many areas of science and engineering research. Contact angle analyzers are however not easily accessible due to their expensive cost, which hinders their use in research and also in education. In this study we propose a low-cost contact angle analyzer that can be assembled with 3D printed parts. Mobile phone is used for imaging, and the image is analyzed using an open-source ImageJ plugin. Commercial camera tripods are used as platform that provides movement in many degrees of freedom, which are important in leveling of the substrate and proper imaging of droplets. We utilize the tripods to build imaging modules, sample plate module and volume metering module, each of which perform distinct tasks. Especially, we characterize the usefulness of the volume metering module, which helps users dispense same volume of liquid to reduce human error during measurement. The cost of an analyzer is $255.10, which is an order of magnitude lower compared to commercial products. With the advancement in open source software and upgrades in the hardware modules, we expect that the proposed contact angle analyzer to have a positive impact in resource limited research labs and educational environments.

Improvements on time-resolved measurement of gas volume production in laboratories bench systems

We propose improvements to a time-resolved gas volume meter based on bubble count. This type of sensor is dedicated to small-scale laboratory applications, usually related to gas production in biological processes. We highlight the cost reduction and simplification in the manufacturing method of this type of sensor, when compared to the manufacturing method. To achieve this purpose, the sensor’s glass body was replaced by plastic material, a detection system based on the detection of capacitance variation was introduced and without contact with the measuring fluid, the data acquisition system was built based on small single-board computer and a graphical user interface were developed in an open source programming language. Theses innovations are significant for scientific research institutions, with limited financial resources, to uses gas volume sensors that can be applied in the investigation of biological processes such as alcoholic fermentation, biogas and biohydrogen generation.

Studi Sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro Di Kampung Tingkem Kecamatan Blang Jerango Gayo Lues

Gayo Lues has an operational micro-hydro power plant in Tingkem Village, Blangjerango District, which provides lighting, piping, and electricity to the residents of Tingkem Village. Among the objectives of this study were to determine and investigate the potential of the Aih Tilis river, the discharge of the carrier channel, the volume of the tranquilizer tank, the flow of water through the pipe, and the amount of electricity generated. Transport lines, troughs, and tubing are measured and calculated in this process. The discharge obtained on the carrier line is 0.5304816 m3/s, which is equal to 5.3 liters per second. There are 72.4605 cubic meters of dry trough volume and 65.556 cubic meters of wet section volume in this experiment. When the micro-hydroelectric power plant in Tingkem is operating at full capacity, it generates 79.631 kW of electricity with a turbine efficiency value of 70 percent and a generator efficiency value of 75 percent.

A unique test facility for calibration of domestic flow meters under dynamic flow conditions

In the early nineties a hot water test facility was planned and constructed for calibration and testing of volume and flow meters at the National Volume Measurement Laboratory at RISE (formerly SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden). The main feature of the test facility is the capability to measure flow in a wide temperature and flow range with very high accuracy. The objective of the project, which was initiated in 1989, was to design equipment for calibration of flow meters with stable flow and temperature conditions.After many years of international debate whether static testing is adequate to represent the later more dynamic application of domestic water meters, the EMPIR project 17IND13 Metrology for real-world domestic water metering (“Metrowamet”) was launched in 2018. The project investigates the influence of dynamic flow testing on the measurement accuracy of different types of domestic flow meters. One of the main objectives of the project is the development of infrastructure to carry out dynamic flow measurements. The existing test facility at RISE was at the time of construction one of the best hot and cold-water test facilities in the world. Due to the Metrowamet project the test facility has been upgraded to meet the needs of an infrastructure for dynamic flow investigations. The first findings from dynamic consumption profile measurements are reported in this paper.

Development of an experimental apparatus and a data analysis protocol for the test of hydrogen volume and flow meters in controlled environmental conditions

The decarbonization of the residential sector is fundamental for energy transition. In this context, it is promising the introduction of hydrogen in natural gas networks in specific hydrogen districts. Accordingly, hydrogen meters are needed for accounting the fuel consumptions. The topic of this work is the development and construction of an experimental apparatus for testing safely hydrogen volume and flow meters up to 24 m3/h (referred to standard conditions) in controlled environmental conditions, between -25 and +55 °C (and beyond). The apparatus realized can test up to four volume and flow meters in a climatic chamber while processing air or pure hydrogen or methane. Methane-hydrogen mixtures can be tested connecting simply bottles with synthetic blends. The aim is to verify the measurement accuracy of the meters under test. A dedicated data analysis protocol featuring statistical process control is developed to monitor the stability of the system during the test. It exploits statistical indicators representing the autocorrelation, the normality of residuals of the mean value and the lag plot. The apparatus is realized, and it complies with the leakage limits set by indications in literature. A new ultrasonic domestic meter is tested in the apparatus. It has been developed by Pietro Fiorentini S.p.A. in the framework of the Hy4Heat project. Its error trends measured at all temperatures comply with the limit of 3.5% between 0.12 and 2 m3/h and 2% between 2 and 20 m3/h, as imposed by legislations.

Precise sample metering method by coordinated burst action of hydrophobic burst valves applied to dried blood spot collection.

Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling by finger-pricking has recently gained a lot of interest as an alternative sample collection method. The reduced invasiveness, requirement of lower sample volumes and suitability for long-term storage at room temperature make DBS ideal for use in home settings or low-resource environments. However, traditional protocols often suffer from biased analysis data due to variable and not exactly known blood volumes present in the samples. In this work, a novel device has been developed to split-off precisely metered volumes from a blood drop and load them on pre-cut filter paper. Hereto, hydrophobic burst valves (HBV) were developed to temporarily retain a fluid flow, configurable to burst at pressures within a range of 175-600 Pa. By combining HBVs with different burst pressures, a volume metering system was developed to allow parallel metering of multiple pre-defined sample volumes. The system was shown to be accurate and consistent for blood volumes between 5-15 μL and for hematocrit levels spanning the range of 25-70%. Finally, a point-of-care DBS sampling device was developed combining the self-powered microfluidic SIMPLE technology. To evaluate the system's practical applicability, a validation study in the context of therapeutic drug monitoring of biologicals was performed using adalimumab-spiked blood samples. Microfluidic DBS samples showed good performance compared to the traditional DBS method with improved recovery rates (86% over 62%). This innovative metering system, allowing for parallelization and integration with complex liquid manipulations, will greatly impact the field of robust sampling, sample preparation, storage and analysis at the point-of-care.

PepS: An Innovative Microfluidic Device for Bedside Whole Blood Processing before Plasma Proteomics Analyses.

Immunoassays have been used for decades in clinical laboratories to quantify proteins in serum and plasma samples. However, their limitations make them inappropriate in some cases. Recently, mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics analysis has emerged as a promising alternative method when seeking to assess panels of protein biomarkers with a view to providing protein profiles to monitor health status. Up to now, however, translation of MS-based proteomics to the clinic has been hampered by its complexity and the substantial time and human resources necessary for sample preparation. Plasma matrix is particularly tricky to process as it contains more than 3000 proteins with concentrations spanning an extreme dynamic range (1010). To address this preanalytical challenge, we designed a microfluidic device (PepS) automating and accelerating blood sample preparation for bottom-up MS-based proteomics analysis. The microfluidic cartridge is operated through a dedicated compact instrument providing fully automated fluid processing and thermal control. In less than 2 h, the PepS device allows bedside plasma separation from whole blood, volume metering, depletion of albumin, protein digestion with trypsin, and stabilization of tryptic peptides on solid-phase extraction sorbent. For this first presentation, the performance of the PepS device was assessed using discovery proteomics and targeted proteomics, detecting a panel of three protein biomarkers routinely assayed in clinical laboratories (alanine aminotransferase 1, C-reactive protein, and myoglobin). This innovative microfluidic device and its associated instrumentation should help to streamline and simplify clinical proteomics studies.

Accuracy of tidal volume delivery by five different models of large-animal ventilators.

To determine the accuracy of tidal volume (VT) delivery among 5 different models of large-animal ventilators when tested at various settings for VT delivery, peak inspiratory flow (PIF) rate, and fresh gas flow (FGF) rate. 4 different models of pneumatically powered ventilators and 1 electrically powered piston-driven ventilator. After a leak flow check, each ventilator was tested 10 times for each experimental setting combination of 5 levels of preset VT, 3 PIF rates, and 4 FGF rates. A thermal mass flow and volume meter was used as the gold-standard method to measure delivered VT. In addition, circuit systems of rubber versus polyvinyl chloride breathing hoses were evaluated with the piston-driven ventilator. Differences between preset and delivered VT (volume error [ΔVT]) were calculated as a percentage of preset VT, and ANOVA was used to compare results across devices. Pearson correlation coefficient analyses and the coefficient of determination (r2) were used to assess potential associations between the ΔVT and the preset VT, PIF rate, and FGF rate. For each combination of experimental settings, ventilators had ΔVT values that ranged from 1.2% to 22.2%. Mean ± SD ΔVT was 4.8 ± 2.5% for the piston-driven ventilator, compared with 6.6 ± 3.2%, 10.6 ± 2.9%, 13.8 ± 2.97%, and 15.2 ± 2.6% for the 4 pneumatic ventilators. The ΔVT increased with higher PIF rates (r2 = 0.69), decreased with higher FGF rates (r2 = 0.62), and decreased with higher preset VT (r2 = 0.58). Results indicated that the tested ventilators all had ΔVT but that the extent of each of ΔVT varied among ventilators. Close monitoring of delivered VT with external flow and volume meters is warranted, particularly when pneumatic ventilators are used or when very precise VT delivery is required.

Centrifugal Paperfluidic Platform for Accelerated Distance-Based Colorimetric Signal Readout.

Distance-based readout is one of the most user-friendly and simple colorimetric signaling methods widely applied for paper-based analytical devices (PADs). This work presents the integration of distance readout PADs into a centrifugal platform enabling affordable, rapid, and sample volume-independent colorimetric assays. Centrifugally assisted distance-based PADs (CD-PADs) eliminate the requirement to use micropipets for sample introduction and reduce the overall time for distance-based assays. All device fabrication steps were performed through computer-controlled print, cut, and laminate (PCL) techniques oriented toward mass production. The inexpensive centrifugal platform was built on a recycled DVD player combined with an open source microcomputer (Arduino). Assay protocols, including rotational velocity and rotation time, were optimized to obtain a maximum dynamic range and reproducible results for sample volume metering (coefficient of variation 3.62%). A colorimetric Ni2+ assay chosen to demonstrate measurements on CD-PADs allowed the detection of nickel ions (Ni2+) with naked-eye interpretation within 1.5 min and a limit of detection (LOD) of 44.1 ng of Ni2+, which to the best of our knowledge is the lowest value reported for a distance-based Ni2+ assay.

Remote Malfunctional Smart Meter Detection in Edge Computing Environment

Smart meter is a typical edge device that measures and records the energy data. The usage of smart meter data can improve the cyber physical relationship between the smart grid and cyber physical system. Millions of smart meters have been installed all around the world and the malfunction detection of large volume meter is a big issue. On site checking is a costing work and cannot meet the requirement for large scale meters. Online malfunctional meter detection and verification based on meter data analytics is a solution to the meter detection problem. For the purpose of detecting malfunctional smart meter, the low-voltage energy system model is studied and a meter error estimation method is proposed in this paper. This method adopts a decision tree to filter the abnormal data and classify data with different energy loss levels. Then clustering the data to obtain the data set with different energy usage behavior. A meter data matrix is constructed and meter error can be calculated from the solution of the matrix equation. A Recursive algorithm is adopted to solve the equation and estimate the meter error. The meter error above the regulation threshold will be classified as a malfunctional meter. The proposed approach has achieved higher accuracy in the experiment.

Autonomous lab-on-a-chip generic architecture for disposables with integrated actuation

The integration of actuators within disposable lab-on-a-chip devices is a demanding goal that requires reliable mechanisms, systematic fabrication procedures and marginal costs compatible with single-use devices. In this work an affordable 3D printed prototype that offers a compact and modular configuration to integrate actuation in autonomous lab-on-a-chip devices is demonstrated. The proposed concept can handle multiple step preparation protocols, such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) configuration, by integrating reagents, volume metering capabilities with performance comparable to pipettes (e.g. 2.68% error for 5 μL volume), arbitrary dilution ratio support, effective mixing and active control of the sample injection. The chosen architecture is a manifold served by multiple injectors ending in unidirectional valves, which exchange a null dead volume when idle, thus isolating reagents until they are used. Functionalization is modularly provided by a plug-in element, which together with the selection of reagents can easily repurpose the platform to diverse targets, and this work demonstrates the systematic fabrication of 6 injectors/device at a development cost of USD$ 0.55/device. The concept was tested with a commercial ELISA kit for tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a marker for infectious, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, and its performance satisfactorily compared with the classical microplate implementation.

Emergency Disposal Solution for Control of a Giant Landslide and Dammed Lake in Yangtze River, China

Although landslide early warning and post-assessment is of great interest for mitigating hazards, emergency disposal solutions for properly handling the landslide and dammed lake within a few hours or days to mitigate flood risk are fundamentally challenging. In this study, we report a general strategy to effectively tackle the dangerous situation created by a giant dammed lake with 770 million cubic meters of water volume and formulate an emergency disposal solution for the 25 million cubic meters of debris, composed of engineering measures of floodgate excavation and non-engineering measures of reservoirs/hydropower stations operation. Such a disposal solution can not only reduce a large-scale flood (10,000-year return period, 0.01%) into a small-scale flood (10-year return period, 10%) but minimize the flood risk as well, guaranteeing no death raised by the giant landslide.

Development of data reconciliation system for billing process at PT Perusahaan Gas Negara

We study a problem faced by PT. Perusahaan Gas Negara (abbreviated as PGN), the Indonesian company in the natural gas transportation and distribution segment, in developing data reconciliation system for billing process. PGN serves its residential, commercial and industrial customers’ natural gas need through transmission pipelines. We focus our study on the billing process for industrial customers, where gas consumptions are measured by combining measurement results from turbine meter, temperature measurement device and pressure measurement device. Normally, customers’ bills can be obtained directly from volume metered by volume measurement device. But in every month there are a number of anomaly behaviour in customers’ gas consumption data or reports on meter failure, although statistically there are less than 1% of meter failure or anomaly behaviour from all customers’ data. Due to the large number of on-site meters which located in very wide area in Sumatera and Java islands, sometimes defective meter problems are already resolved after several days since the problem was reported/indicated, and this can generate loss for PGN. In this paper, we perform analysis to answer: 1. how to determine the beginning of the period where a volume meter is fail, 2. how to estimate gas volume delivered to the customers during the meter failure. The first problem is solved by analysing historical volume, temperature, and pressure data of each customer. The analysis results, in line with Spitzglass (Energy) Equation, that gas flow is linear to the pressure drop between the pressure at distribution pipe and the pressure at the customer’s pipe. We derive a procedure for detecting anomaly in gas volume data based on this phenomenon, where we reconcile the volume data and the pressure data and categorize the reconciled data into normal type or anomaly type data. The period during the meter failure is then determined as the period where the data in this period are of anomaly type. As soon as the period during the meter failure is determined, we then need to estimate the gas volume delivered during this period. We apply some forecasting methods for time series data such as AR(p) and Holt Winters models, and we choose the estimation from the forecasting model with the smallest error. The solution of those problems will be used for calculating bills for those customers which experience meter defective in the billing month. We develop a graphical user interface based on the anomaly detection method and the forecasting method. This system has been implemented, tested, and used by Energy Management Division of PGN, and will be developed into an energy management system.

Handheld Microflow Cytometer Based on a Motorized Smart Pipette, a Microfluidic Cell Concentrator, and a Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscope.

Miniaturizing flow cytometry requires a comprehensive approach to redesigning the conventional fluidic and optical systems to have a small footprint and simple usage and to enable rapid cell analysis. Microfluidic methods have addressed some challenges in limiting the realization of microflow cytometry, but most microfluidics-based flow cytometry techniques still rely on bulky equipment (e.g., high-precision syringe pumps and bench-top microscopes). Here, we describe a comprehensive approach that achieves high-throughput white blood cell (WBC) counting in a portable and handheld manner, thereby allowing the complete miniaturization of flow cytometry. Our approach integrates three major components: a motorized smart pipette for accurate volume metering and controllable liquid pumping, a microfluidic cell concentrator for target cell enrichment, and a miniaturized fluorescence microscope for portable flow cytometric analysis. We first validated the capability of each component by precisely metering various fluid samples and controlling flow rates in a range from 219.5 to 840.5 μL/min, achieving high sample-volume reduction via on-chip WBC enrichment, and successfully counting single WBCs flowing through a region of interrogation. We synergistically combined the three major components to create a handheld, integrated microflow cytometer and operated it with a simple protocol of drawing up a blood sample via pipetting and injecting the sample into the microfluidic concentrator by powering the motorized smart pipette. We then demonstrated the utility of the microflow cytometer as a quality control means for leukoreduced blood products, quantitatively analyzing residual WBCs (rWBCs) in blood samples present at concentrations as low as 0.1 rWBCs/μL. These portable, controllable, high-throughput, and quantitative microflow cytometric technologies provide promising ways of miniaturizing flow cytometry.