BackgroundUpper extremity rehabilitation is critical for individuals with neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, where motor impairments significantly affect daily functionality.ObjectiveThis study presents the design and prototyping of a novel rehabilitation glove aimed at improving hand and wrist motor recovery through gamified therapy.MethodsThe proposed glove features wireless communication via a Wi-Fi network, adaptability to various hand sizes, and an integrated strength training mechanism using resistance bands and metal hooks. The glove consists of a lightweight forearm frame, a palm component, and a textile glove with embedded mechanical connectors, all designed based on anthropometric data. 3D printing techniques were employed using PLA and flexible TPU materials to create a modular, low-cost, and comfortable structure. The system interfaces with an interactive game, allowing users to control an avatar (bee) through hand movements, promoting motivation and active engagement.ResultsThe prototype effectively addresses key limitations of previous rehabilitation systems, including mobility, comfort, adaptability, and functionality.ConclusionThe proposed rehabilitation glove offers a promising solution for home-based neurorehabilitation.

A 47-year-old male presented to our level 1 trauma center after a penetrating injury of the right orbit with a bungee cord. Ophthalmologic examination was significant only for extraocular motility restriction in all gazes. CT maxillofacial depicted a penetrating injury from a metallic hook of S-shaped configuration (Fig. 1: CT maxillofacial scan [A, axial; B, coronal; C, sagittal]). The inferior portion was penetrating the orbital floor, and the superior aspect was traversing along the right medial orbital compartment, penetrating the right medial orbital roof, foveal ethmoidalis, and right cribriform plate. No large brain parenchymal edema or midline shift was noted. The patient was taken to the operating room soon after presentation, where neurosurgery performed a right craniotomy to assist with visualization of the intracranial component of the foreign body and subsequent dural repair with a pericranial flap. Once the intracranial component was exposed (Fig. 2B: Intraoperative images of craniectomy and oculoplastic repair), we extended the incision superiorly and inferiorly along the plane of the foreign body, and bluntly dissected along the hook, taking care to avoid damaging any orbital structures. Two Allis tissue clamp forceps were placed on the foreign body, and gentle upward force was placed on the forceps while retracting the medial orbital contents with neurosurgery taking care to visualize through the craniotomy (Fig. 2C). A 6.5 cm foreign body was safely removed, hemostasis was achieved, the craniotomy was closed, the medial orbitotomy incision was closed with deep Vicryl sutures, and the skin edges were approximated with plain gut in simple interrupted fashion (Fig. 2D). The patient achieved full recovery of extraocular movement and final visual acuity was at least 20/40.FIG. 1.FIG 2.

The replacement of double-J ureteral stents (DJ stents) is a routine procedure in urology that conventionally requires cystoscopy. We developed a new medical device, the “Kagibo,” for removing DJ stents without cystoscopy in women. This study aimed to report the usefulness and safety of Kagibo in DJ stent removal in women. This retrospective study included a total of 34 female patients with a median age of 67 years (range: 44–87 years) who required DJ stent replacement between April and July 2024. The procedure was performed with the patients in the supine position without pain management. DJ stent replacement was performed as follows: the Kagibo was inserted into the bladder through the external urethral orifice; the distal end of the DJ stent was hooked to the Kagibo under fluoroscopic guidance; and the Kagibo was pulled outside the urethra, and the old DJ stent was replaced with a new stent. We defined success as cases in which DJ stents could be removed with the Kagibo and complications as cases requiring additional procedures or drug therapy associated with DJ stent removal. We retrospectively investigated the success rates and incidence of complications. The success rate of DJ stent removal using the Kagibo was 100%. No complications were observed. Our findings indicate that the Kagibo allows for the safe and effective removal of DJ stents without cystoscopy in women.

Mouse right atrium expresses α1A-, α1B- and α1D- adrenoceptor mRNAs and the positive inotropic and chronotropic actions induced by the selective α1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine were partially decreased by propranolol, and abolished when associated with prazosin. Endothelium-derived 6-nitrodopamine has potent positive chronotropic effect on the rat isolated right atrium and β-1 adrenoceptor antagonists only reduced the frequency of the rat isolated right atrium at the concentrations that blocked the chronotropic positive effect induced by 6-nitrodopamine. Here it was evaluated the effect of selective α1-adrenoceptor antagonist tamsulosin, doxasozin, and alfuzosin on the positive chronotropic effects induced by 6-ND in the rat isolated right atrium. Euthanasia was carried out by administering an overdose of isoflurane (greater than 5%) until one minute after breathing ceased. Following euthanasia, the heart was removed, and the right atrium was isolated. It was then mounted between two metal hooks in custom-made 10-mL glass chambers filled with Krebs-Henseleit solution (KHS), continuously aerated with a 95% O2 and 5% CO2 mixture at 37°C, maintained by a heated circulator and coupled to a PowerLab Acquisition System. Alfuzosin at 10 nM (30 min) did not alter the basal atrial rate. At 100 nM it caused a significant fall in atrial rate. Incubation of the atria with 6-ND (1 pM) caused a significant increase in atrial rate, which was not affected when the atria was incubated with alfuzosin 10 nM, but significantly reduced when incubated with alfuzosin 100 nM. In atria pre-treated with D-NAME (100 µM), but not with L-NAME (100 µM), alfuzosin at 100 nM induced significant fall in atrial basal rate. In atria obtained from animals chronically treated with L-NAME, incubation with alfuzosin at 100 nM did not affect the basal atrial rate (Fig. 1F). Incubation with alfuzosin at 100 nM and 1 µM had no effect on the positive chronotropic effects induced by adrenaline (10 nM – 100 µM), noradrenaline (10 nM – 100 µM), and dopamine (10 nM – 100 µM). Similar results were observed with doxazosin and tamsulosin. The results clearly demonstrate that the alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists cause fall in atrial rate due to blockade of 6-ND receptor. This research is supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). This abstract was presented at the American Physiology Summit 2025 and is only available in HTML format. There is no downloadable file or PDF version. The Physiology editorial board was not involved in the peer review process.

Traumatic rupture of an extraocular muscle is noted infrequently. The medial and inferior rectus muscles are usually found to be affected. We report an unusual case of superior oblique and medial rectus rupture after a penetrating trauma by the metallic hook. The surgical repair was combined with botulinum toxin injection into the ipsilateral antagonist to prevent consequent contracture, thus also augmenting the orthoptic outcome. At one month follow-up, remarkably good primary position alignment with fine range of extraocular movements was achieved. This case report emphasizes on myriad presentations of ocular trauma and highlights the significance of well-planned surgical management.

Peripheral nerve injury commonly results in long-term disability and pain for patients. Recovery after nerve traction or crush injury is unpredictable and depends on the degree of injury. Our inability to accurately assess the severity or degree of injury hampers our ability to predict the chances for recovery or need for surgical intervention in the form of neurolysis, nerve repair, or nerve graft. An investigation into the histologic sequence and mechanics of nerve failure under tension may help in the process of accurately assessing the severity of the nerve injury, the prognosis for recovery, and the need for surgical treatment. Using an in vivo rat model, we asked: (1) What is the pattern of mechanical failure during nerve stretch? (2) Is there staggered disintegration of specific anatomic substructures when mechanical failure occurs? To answer our first research question about the pattern of mechanical failure during nerve stretch, four 12-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled in a load-to-failure experiment generating load-deformation curves of the rat median nerve. Under anesthesia, the median nerves of both forelimbs were surgically exposed and secured under two blunt metal pins 1 cm apart. A metal hook was attached to a load-cell and raised from beneath the nerve at a speed of 0.2 mm/second until complete rupture occurred. Applied forces were monitored in real time via a force-time curve. All experiments were filmed, and the rats were euthanized afterward. Based on load-to-failure experiments, we identified two distinct events of sudden force reduction during stretching in the load-deformation curve of the rat median nerve. We labeled the first of these two events as epineuroclasis and the second as endoneuroclasis. Neuroclasis derives from the Greek term "neuron" for nerve, and the suffix "-clasis" means breaking or fracture. An additional eight rats were used to investigate whether this staggered mechanical failure was caused by staggered disintegration of specific anatomical substructures. Under anesthesia, eight left median nerves were stretched to the epineuroclasis point and eight right nerves to the endoneuroclasis point. Induction of injury was confirmed by load-time curves, and nerves were held in place for 5 minutes before tension was released. Nerve function was assessed before and after injury using a handheld electrical nerve stimulator. The nerves were harvested for histology (to assess integrity of the epineurium, axons and intraneural vasculature, endoneurial collagen [dis-]organization, as well as molecular collagen damage), and the rats were euthanized immediately after. The uninjured median nerves of two additional rats were harvested for histology as control tissue. Mechanical, functional, and histologic findings were compared between both injury levels and with uninjured nerves. Load-to-failure experiments revealed a characteristic failure pattern of the rat median nerve with two distinct events of mechanical failure that occurred at a mean ± SD resistance force of 2.3 ± 0.5 N and 1.4 ± 0.2 N (mean difference 0.9 ± 0.6 N [95% confidence interval 0.4 to 1.4]; p = 0.003), respectively. Additional experiments investigating both mechanical failure points revealed that the first failure point (epineuroclasis) was associated with epineurium rupture and plastic deformation of nerve fibers, whereas the second injury point (endoneuroclasis) was associated with failure of endoneurial tubes, axons, and intraneural vasculature. Epineuroclasis severely impaired nerve conductivity (median stimulation of 25 nC [range 25 nC to 50 nC] preinjury and 170 nC [range 25 to 300 nC] after epineuroclasis, difference of medians 145 nC; p < 0.001). Endoneuroclasis induced an even greater functional impairment than epineuroclasis (median stimulation of 400 nC [range 300 to 2000 nC] after endoneuroclasis, difference of medians 230 nC; p = 0.005). Both injury levels could be induced through live analysis of resistance forces during nerve stretch. Peripheral nerve injuries follow a characteristic sequence of mechanical and structural failure, with two distinct injury levels preceding nerve transection. The order and degree of failure in the rat median nerve seems to follow a predictable "outside-in" pattern. This sequence of mechanical and structural failure may inform a classification system of nerve stretch injuries that may more accurately reflect the pathoanatomy and prognosis. We offer a new classification of nerve injuries based on the sequence of nerve failure in rats. However, future studies are needed to validate the applicability of the neuroclasis classification to human peripheral nerves before clinical implementation and use can be proposed. The characterization of specific injury levels using an animal model provides a framework that could facilitate the development of novel diagnostic tools, potentially identifying the specific structural changes found in this study in the acute clinical setting.

(005) ENDOTHELIUM-DERIVED 6-NITRODOPAMINE RELAXES THE HUMAN CORPUS CAVERNOSUM

(294) 6-NITRODOPAMINE IS AN ENDOGENOUS MEDIATOR OF RAT SEMINAL VESICLES CONTRACTILITY

Foreign bodies, particularly fish bones, in the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus are a common complaint. A swallowed foreign body can be embedded in the tonsil, the base of the tongue, the pyriform fossae, or any region of the upper esophagus. A 70-year-old woman presented with persistent left-sided pharyngeal pain with the sensation of a foreign body for 10 days. She felt a sudden sharp pain in her pharynx while eating a fish head 10 days before the presentation. On examination, an elderly woman was found in painful distress. Flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy revealed a pool of saliva in the pyriform fossae and a diagnosis of a foreign body in the esophagus was suspected. She was planned for direct laryngoscopy, left (lateral/external) pharyngotomy, and removal of foreign bodies under fluoroscopic guidance of the C-arm. A metallic fish hook that hung over the greater left horn, buried in the neck muscles, was found during the surgery and was extracted. The patient did well postoperatively and was discharged from the clinic. Foreign bodies, particularly fish bones, in the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus are a common complaint, particularly in the African setting.

Release of 6-nitrodopamine modulates vascular reactivity of Pantherophis guttatus aortic rings

6-Nitrodopamine is an endogenous selective dopamine receptor antagonist in Chelonoidis carbonaria aorta

Deep learning for computer vision has achieved remarkable results based on massive, diverse, and well-annotated training sets. However, it is difficult to collect defect datasets that cover all possible features, especially for small, weak defects. Therefore, in this article, a defect image generation method with controllable defect regions and strength is proposed. Regarded as image inpainting that uses a generative adversarial network, generated defect regions are controlled by using defect masks. Moreover, the defect direction vector is constructed in the latent variable space based on the feature continuity between defects and nondefects to control the defect strength, which enables a one-to-many correspondence between defect masks and images. Moreover, a defect attention loss is also designed to force the generation model to focus on the defect regions. Experimentally, our method yields generated images of better quality and diversity and thus significantly improves defect segmentation performance (an intersection over union of 63.20% and 61.86% on the Kolektor surface-defect and the metal hook defect datasets, respectively), especially for small, weak defects.

Purpose: To study the mechanism and clinical features of ocular injury and its outcome associated with bungee cord related eye trauma.Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was performed at our tertiary care centre to identify patients presented with bungee cord related eye injury between March 2016 to February 2017. Data collected from medical records were age, sex, mechanism of injury, clinical features, therapeutic intervention, presenting visual acuity, final visual acuity and length of follow up.Result: Total of thirteen patients with bungee cord related trauma were identified. Ten (77%) patients presented with closed globe injury and 3(23%) presented with open globe injury. All patients were male with mean age group of 30.15±7.38 years. Presenting visual acuity ranges from 6/12 to NPL. Only seven (54%) of patients were having final visual acuity of better than or equal to 6/18 in injured eye. Three patients (23.1%) with open globe injury had final visual acuity of counting fingers or worse. Main mechanism of injury being combination of blunt and high speed projectile injury due to slippage of metal or plastic hook while the cord is stretched.

Introduction Foreign body cases are common in otolaryngologic practice, usually occurring in children. An impacted penetrating impaling foreign body can be one of the most challenging emergencies Management revolves around safe extraction of impaling object and prevention of complications. Here we share our experience with one such case of unusual foreign body impacted at an unusual site, with an extensive review of literature discussing management &amp; prevention of complications in similar cases. Case Report A 3 year old boy presented to us in ENT emergency with a long metallic hook impaled in nasopharynx for the past 8 hours. We were able to dislodge the impacted foreign body under direct endoscopic visualisation under general anaesthesia. Discussion Any such injury might be similar but no two injuries are the same. It needs combined expertise of multidisciplinary team usually consisting of ENT surgeon, anaesthesiologist, radiologist and may also need vascular surgeon and interventional radiologist at times. Several complications are reported in literature, knowledge of which would help preparedness and thus a better outcome.

ABSTRACT Avulsion or transection of three extraocular muscles following trauma is a rare finding, and there are few case reports and series discussing the approach to surgical repair. The authors report a case of a penetrating metal hook injury resulting in partial avulsion of a medial rectus muscle and transection of the inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This case highlights the importance of identification and primary repair of a complete inferior rectus muscle transection and a partial medial rectus muscle avulsion with an excellent functional outcome.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate Peri-implant strain with locator and bar attachment during dislodging of maxillary implant overdenture Materials and methods: Four implants were inserted in completely edentulous acrylic maxillary model in canine and premolar areas.Experimental maxillary overdentures with 4 metal hooks were constructed and connected the implants with bar attachments (group I) or locator attachment (group 2).Two strain gauges were bonded at buccal and palatal surface of each implant.Micro strains were measured at buccal and palatal surface of canine and premolar implants during the vertical dislodging of the overdenture.Dislodging was made by chains connected at one end to the metal hooks and to a universal testing machine at the other end.Results: For canine and premolar implants, locator attachment showed significant higher microstrain values than bar attachments at buccal and palatal gauge positions.For bar group, no difference between buccal and palatal strain gauge positions was detected.However, for locator attachments, buccal strain gauges demonstrated significant higher strain than palatal gauges.For buccal and palatal strain gauges, canine implants showed higher strains than premolar implants for both groups Conclusion: Within the limitation of this in vitro study, could be concluded that bar attachments may be recommended to retain maxillary implant overdentures than locator attachments in terms of reduced peri-implant stresses that occur during the denture dislodgment which may lead to increased bone resorption around the implants.

Aircraft and automobile industries are continually seeking high-performance and lightweight solutions. Fiber-reinforced composites in conjunction with metals are being considered in the form of hybrid materials. There is a continuous need for improvement of interfacial bonding between composite layers and metal constituents. In this study, an innovative hybrid fiber interlocking metal hooks laminate (FIMHL) system was developed in which fiber-reinforced thermoset composite, and metal sheets are mechanically bonded together using out of plane hooks stamped in the metal. Process optimization was performed to gain the full benefit of the through-thickness reinforcement. Microstructural analysis showed improved interaction between the metal hooks and the fiber layers which reduced porosity and resin richness. This was reflected in mechanical properties, as tensile and flexural strength of FIMHL was enhanced by 38.5 and 18.8%, respectively, after process optimization. Normalized weight fraction (76.4%) properties of FIMHL also confirmed that the increase in mechanical properties of optimized panel were not only due to increased reinforcement (glass fiber + aluminum) volume fraction but also because of improved metal hooks and fibers interaction. There was no significant effect on lap shear and fracture toughness, as they depend on bend back behavior of the hooks. A bilinear traction-separation model was used to characterize mode-I interlaminar fracture toughness properties, and 4.5% variation was recorded when modeling and experimental values were compared.

To observe the clinical effect of "metal hook fishing" (MHF)-like needling technique combined with Tuina manipulation in the treatment of scapulohumeral periarthritis. A total of 72 patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis were randomly divided into MHF-like needling (MHF) and conventional needling groups (n=36 in each group). For patients of the GHF group, the doctor pressed the acupoint with the left index finger, held the disposable acupuncture needles to insert into the Jianqian, Jianyu (LI15), Jianliao (SJ5), Jianzheng (SJ9) and Ashi-point respectively with the right hand, waited for qi-arriving, twirled the needles forward about 3 to 6 times. When a tightened feeling was achieved beneath the needle tip, the doctor held the needle body to slightly shake it 3 to 6 times which mimicked a fish to swallow a hook, kept the situation for a while till relaxation, followed by retaining the needle for 30 min and then withdrew it slowly. Afterwards, the doctor performed Tuina manipulation at the upper limbs for 20 to 30 min. For patients of the conventional needling group, the same acupoints were needled and stimulated with the uniform reducing and reinforcing method for 1 min, followed by retaining the needles for 30 min. Then, massage was performed for 20 to 30 min in the same way as those in the MHF group. The treatment was conducted once daily, 6 times a week for 2 weeks. After the treatment, the visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess the pain degree, the range of motion (ROM) scale of the shoulder joint adopted to assess the function, and the activity of daily living (ADL) scale used to assess the patients' daily living ability. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were evaluated after the treatment. After the treatment, the VAS scores of the two groups were notably decreased (P<0.05), being significantly lower in the GHF group than in the conventional needling group (P<0.05). The ROM score and ADL score of the two groups were obviously increased (P<0.05), being significantly higher in the MHF group than in the conventional needling group (P<0.05). Of the 36 cases in the conventional needling and MHF groups, 7 and 17 were cured, 11 and 12 experienced remarkable improvement, 13 and 4 were improved, and 5 and 3 were ineffective, with the total effective rate being 86.1% （31/36） and 91.7% (33/36), respectively. The total effective rate of MHF group was evidently higher than that of the conventional needling group (P<0.05). Both MHF and conventional needling is effective in relieving scapulohumeral periarthritis, and the effect of MHF is ob-viously superior to that of conventional needling in relieving pain state and improving function of the affected shoulder joint.

A Biometric Logic of Revelation: Zach Blas’s &lt;em&gt;SANCTUM&lt;/em&gt; (2018)

Role of PEEK biomaterial in prosthodontics: A literature review - APRD- Print ISSN No: - 2581-4796 Online ISSN No:- 2581-480X Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.aprd.2019.015, IP Annals of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry-IP Ann Prosthodont Restor Dent