Α-Ketoglutarate ameliorates appendicitis by modulating Gln metabolism and inhibiting NF - κB signaling pathway.

Long-term capsaicin intake and gut inflammation: microbial alterations, metabolic mechanisms, and intervention effects.

A study on γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) enrichment and its metabolic mechanism in germinating mung beans under the stress of ultrasound combined with slightly acidic electrolyzed water.

Cardiac metabolic changes are known early drivers of heart failure (HF). Recent preclinical research showed that protection against HF by sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) is independent of SGLT2 inhibition. Here, we unravel the SGLT2-independent metabolic effects of SGLT2i during early HF, to shed light on the early cardiac metabolic mechanisms through which SGLT2i may confer protection against HF. Short-term HF was induced through transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and deoxycorticosterone (DOCA) administration in WT and SGLT2 KO mice, in the presence or absence of Empagliflozin (EMPA). Ten days post-surgery, following in vivo echocardiography, hearts were Langendorff-perfused. The SGLT2-independent metabolic effects of EMPA were determined by: 1) performing stable isotope tracer analysis for 13C-glucose to asses relative glucose contribution to metabolic pathways via fluxomics (13C-glucose perfusion), 2) quantifying metabolic intermediates using metabolomics (LC/MS), 3) evaluating metabolic regulators through Western blot analysis, and 4) analyzing gene expression of metabolic pathways via RNA sequencing. Independent of SGLT2 (i.e., being present in both genotypes), TAC/DOCA resulted in in vivo HF (systolic and diastolic dysfunction) that was prevented by EMPA. The early SGLT2-independent cardiac metabolic properties showed: 1) HF hearts used relatively less glucose for energy production through glycolysis and TCA cycle, with more glucose being diverted toward synthesis of glutamine. In contrast, EMPA enhanced glucose labeling of the distal part of glycolysis without affecting relative glucose contribution to acetyl CoA or TCA intermediates, 2) HF led to increased metabolic intermediates (malate, aspartate, 2-hydroxyglutarate) that are known to drive pathology, whereas EMPA reduced pathology-causing metabolic intermediates (malate, glucose-6-P), together with increased lactate release and ATP content, 3) EMPA increased the metabolic regulator SIRT3 and the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (GLUT4) without affecting AMPK, and 4) HF decreased fatty acid metabolism gene expression, whereas EMPA increased multiple mitochondrial metabolic pathways (TCA cycle, branched-chained amino acid, fatty acid, mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes), possibly through increased ERRα signaling. The early, SGLT2-independent, metabolic mechanism marking HF protection by SGLT2i entail 1) decreases in metabolic intermediates that drive hypertrophy (G6P, malate), 2) boosting glycolysis (GLUT4, distal part glycolysis, lactate release) without shifting glucose/fatty acid oxidation ratio, and 3) activating ERRα/SIRT3 pathway associated with increased gene expression of mitochondrial energy pathways and improved cardiac ATP levels.

Mixotrophic partial denitrification coupled with anammox achieves robust nitrogen removal under organic-rich conditions: Insights into metabolic adaptations of sulfur-oxidizing and anammox bacteria.

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed paclobutrazol-mediated regulation of flower bud differentiation in Camellia japonica ‘High Fragrance’

Integrated multiomics analysis illuminates immune and metabolic mechanisms in red crucian carp upon intestinal infection with Aeromonas hydrophila L3-3.

Regulation of bone homeostasis by denosumab and genistein in a human quadruple culture bone model identifies osteocytes as important mediators.

Mixed cropping green manure can simultaneously improve the nutrient yield and quality of spring wheat grain under reduced chemical nitrogen supply

The TRPM family: key players and mechanisms in energy metabolism.

Electrochemical sensor to analyze the role of SIRT1 protein macromolecule in regulating skeletal muscle mass during exercise: Molecular mechanism of cell metabolism

Single-cell combined transcriptome explores the molecular mechanism of purine metabolism in keloids.

Emulsifiers in poultry nutrition-molecular mechanism of lipid metabolism and energy utilization: A meta-analysis and KEGG mapping.

Qingluo Tongbi Formula attenuates Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f.-induced hepatic metabolic dysfunction and oxidative stress via the SIRT1/HIF-1α pathway.

Uncovering the silent invaders: Dormant tumour cells in the brain microenvironment.

Functional characterization of the ability of FGF8 to enhance porcine oocyte maturation.

Platelet concentrate-derived extracellular vesicles promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis.

The role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in Sjögren's disease.

Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 is implicated in maduramycin resistance and host cell invasion in Eimeria tenella.

Mapping the molecular landscape of glioblastoma: Pathogenesis, therapeutic targets and bioactive interventions.