All-inside ramp lesion repair via anterior portals and pie-crusting: Excellent outcomes and survivorship at one-year follow-up.

HNRNPA1 promotes TRIM37 mRNA stability and mediates TRAF6 ubiquitination to alleviate osteoarthritis.

Neuregulin 4 attenuates osteoarthritis by decreasing macrophage M1 polarization through PI3K/AKT signaling.

Exploration of molecular mechanism of baicalin targeting TRIM24 to suppress NLRP3/caspase-1-mediated chondrocyte pyroptosis in osteoarthritis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.

BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic degenerative joint disorder characterized by progressive cartilage degradation and extracellular matrix breakdown, yet its precise pathogenesis remains elusive. This study aimed to identify a novel diagnostic biomarker for OA associated with chromatin regulators (CRs) and to explore potential correlations between signature genes and immune cell infiltration.MethodsOA datasets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and integrated with a chromatin regulator (CR) dataset. Differential expression analysis was conducted to identify CR-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were subsequently subjected to functional enrichment analysis. Hub genes associated with CRs were identified through protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was then employed to evaluate immune cell infiltration in OA and to assess correlations between hub gene expression and immune infiltration. Potential therapeutic compounds targeting these hub genes were predicted using the Drug Signatures Database (DSigDB). A diagnostic risk model for OA was constructed based on the identified hub genes, and its predictive performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves. Finally, the expression of the signature genes was validated both in vitro and in vivo through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting (WB), and mouse destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) models.ResultsA total of 86 CR-related DEGs were identified, primarily enriched in histone binding and modification, the cell cycle, and the FoxO signaling pathway. PPI network analysis revealed 10 hub genes, among which Aurora kinase B (AURKB) was identified as a potential diagnostic biomarker for OA based on the constructed risk model. In mouse DMM models and IL-1β–stimulated chondrocytes, qRT-PCR and western blotting demonstrated significantly elevated AURKB expression in diseased tissues and cells. ssGSEA analysis indicated significant differences in the infiltration levels of 11 immune cell types and 12 immune-related functions between OA and control samples. Furthermore, AURKB expression was positively correlated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Th1 cells, T-cell co-inhibition, and immune checkpoint activity. Based on the 10 identified hub genes, dasatinib, enterolactone, and genistein were predicted as potential therapeutic compounds for OA.ConclusionOur findings suggest that AURKB serves as a crucial biomarker in the development and progression of OA and is significantly associated with immune infiltration, offering a novel perspective for elucidating the pathogenesis of OA.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13018-025-06493-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

BackgroundMedial plica is a structure with limited understanding of its pathology, but it may be related to the development of medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). We examined the association between medial plica and medial meniscus extrusion (MME), progression of MME, and the risk of early-stage knee OA development in middle-aged persons.MethodsA total of 340 subjects with tibiofemoral Kellgren–Lawrence (K/L) grade 0 from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were included. We evaluated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data (right knee) at baseline and six years later. At baseline, the severity of medial plica (grade 0–3), extent of MME (grade 0–3) as well as measured MME in mm was determined. After six years, changes in MME (ΔMME), cartilage loss, and the formation of osteophytes were evaluated.ResultsMedial plica (grade ≥ 1) was observed in 280 subjects (82.4%) at baseline, of whom 13 subjects had grade 3 plica. The MME was 1.7 ± 0.8 mm at baseline and 2.1 ± 0.9 mm after 6 years. Progression of MME was observed in 83 subjects (24.5%) after 6 years. The cartilage loss after 6 years in subjects with medial plica grade ≥ 1 at baseline was greater than that in subjects without medial plica (Δcartilage score 2.9 ± 2.8 vs. 2.2 ± 3.0, p = 0.01), although the difference was borderline when analyzed across all plica grades (p = 0.05). The ΔMME was greater for higher grades of medial plica at baseline (p = 0.01). Subjects with medial plica grade ≥ 1 had a higher risk of progression of MME grade (odds ratio [OR] 2.1, 95% CI 1.0–4.5, p = 0.04), but this was not significant for grade ≥ 2 in sensitivity analysis (OR 1.2, p = 0.50). Progression of K/L grade was observed only for medial plica grade ≥ 2 (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–4.2, p = 0.03), but not for grade ≥ 1.ConclusionIn middle-aged persons with K/L grade 0, the presence of medial plica—particularly higher-grade lesions—was associated with progression of MME and cartilage loss, and grade ≥ 2 lesions were additionally associated with radiographic progression of knee OA.

Outcomes of Isolated Medial Meniscus Injuries in Skeletally Immature Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Post-traumatic osteoarthritis in aged rodents is associated with brain changes that correlate with joint remodeling.

Injuries of the posteromedial meniscocapsular junction encompass a spectrum of injuries at or near the posteromedial meniscocapsular junction. These so-called ramp lesions have become increasingly well recognized, defined, and understood. Such injuries range in severity from perimeniscal edema-like signal to tears at or near the meniscocapsular junction, with or without meniscocapsular separation. Since the term's introduction in 1998, the definition of a ramp lesion has evolved to include not only tears of the perimeniscal (meniscocapsular and meniscotibial) attachments but also tears of the peripheral third of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus (PHMM). Radiologists should seek to accurately recognize the presence of a ramp lesion on MRI, to help guide orthopedic surgeons in inspecting the posteromedial meniscocapsular region at the time of arthroscopy. This Special Series Review provides an imaging-focused description of ramp lesions of the knee. The article presents pertinent anatomy of the posteromedial meniscocapsular junction, pathogenesis underlying occurrence of ramp lesions, criteria for diagnosing these lesions on MRI, potential pitfalls, and observed injury patterns. The goals of treatment are additionally discussed, highlighting the rationale behind use of different treatment approaches for stable and unstable ramp lesions.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the activation of nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) by thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which promotes inflammation and pyroptosis. This study investigates whether treadmill exercise (TE) enhances melatonin-mediated regulation of the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway and attenuates OA progression by modulating pyroptosis in a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) rat model. A total of 32 male Sprague–Dawley rats (6 weeks old; 220 ± 20 g) were randomly assigned to four groups: Sham, DMM, DMM + melatonin, and DMM + melatonin + TE. The intervention lasted for 8 weeks. Morphological staining, immunofluorescence (IF), microcomputed tomography with three-dimensional reconstruction, Western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to assess protein and gene expression. Compared with the DMM + melatonin group, the DMM + melatonin + TE group showed greater reductions in cartilage–subchondral bone damage and OA progression through modulation of the pyroptosis pathway. IF staining revealed that TXNIP protein expression was significantly reduced in the DMM + melatonin + TE group. Both the DMM + melatonin and combination treatment groups significantly regulated TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling and inhibited OA progression through pyroptosis. Furthermore, combining TE with melatonin significantly reduced the expression of pyroptotic cytokines compared with the DMM + melatonin group. This study suggests a potential therapeutic approach for managing OA by combining melatonin treatment with moderate TE.

Dimethyl fumarate mitigates osteoarthritis progression through Nrf2 activation-mediated suppression of oxidative stress and subchondral osteoclastogenesis.

Impact of meniscal root tears on knee osteoarthritis development: A systematic review of the literature.

To identify factors associated with knee extension loss prior to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). Patients without concomitant ligament injuries who underwent primary ACLR at the Capio Artro Clinic, Stockholm, Sweden, between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2023, were eligible for inclusion. The outcome of the study was the presence of preoperative extension loss, defined as a deficit of ≥5 degrees prior to ACLR. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between the study outcome and the following variables: age at surgery, sex, time from injury to surgery, preinjury Tegner activity level, cartilage injury, medial meniscus or lateral meniscus injury, and physiologic contralateral knee extension deficit (≥5 degrees). A total of 10,692 patients were included. The overall incidence of extension loss prior to ACLR was 6.3% (677/10,692). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that early surgery (≤3 months) (odds ratio [OR]: 2.94; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.43-3.57; p < 0.001), medial meniscus injury (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.07-1.57; p = 0.01), lateral meniscus injury (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.01-1.48; p = 0.04) and physiologic contralateral knee extension deficit (OR: 34.38; 95% CI: 25.36-46.61; p < 0.001) were associated with increased odds of extension loss prior to ACLR. No associations were found between preoperative extension loss and age at surgery, sex, preinjury Tegner activity level, or the presence of a cartilage injury. Preoperative extension loss was observed in 6.3% of the patients undergoing ACLR. Early surgery (≤3 months), medial or lateral meniscal injury, and physiologic contralateral knee extension deficit were associated with increased odds of preoperative extension loss. Awareness of these factors may assist clinicians identify patients at risk for extension loss and optimise preoperative management strategies prior to ACLR. Level III.

Introduction: Knee injuries constitute a significant proportion of sports-related injuries. Osseous oedema can present in specific patterns with certain injuries Objective: This study aims to analyse the patterns of bone marrow contusion in the lateral tibial condyle (LTC) post knee trauma, categorising the condyle into anterior, middle, and posterior thirds, and to evaluate the prevalence of associated ligamentous and meniscal injuries. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 patients (92 males, 58 females) with an average age of 16.9 years, who underwent MRI within one week following knee trauma. The LTC was divided into anterior, middle, and posterior thirds for analysis. The bone marrow contusion patterns, along with associated ACL, MCL, PCL, LCL, medial meniscus, and lateral meniscus injuries, were documented. Results and Analysis: Bone marrow oedema in the LTC was observed as follows: anterior one third in 6, middle third in 13, and posterior third in 31 cases. The analysis revealed the following injury associations: Anterior one-third osseous oedema was associated with ACL injuries in two cases, MCL injuries in 3, PCL in 1, and medial meniscus injuries in 1. Middle one-third osseous oedema was associated with ACL injuries in 11 cases, MCL injuries in 3, medial meniscus injuries in two cases, and lateral meniscus injuries in 2. Posterior third osseous oedema was associated with ACL injuries in 28 cases, MCL injuries in 9, and medial meniscus injuries in four cases. Conclusion: The study highlights a clear association between the location of LTC bone marrow oedema and specific patterns of ligamentous and meniscal injuries. The posterior third, with the highest incidence of oedema, showed a strong correlation with ACL and MCL injuries, while anterior and middle oedema also demonstrated significant associations with ACL and MCL, and varied involvement of meniscal injuries. These insights contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of knee injury mechanisms, advocating for precise diagnostic strategies and potentially guiding more effective treatment protocols in radiological and orthopaedic practice.

The impact of meniscal tears on anterior tibial translation and rotatory instability in anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees: Retrospective analysis of 306 cases.

Transcriptomic profiling confirms microRNA-140 is more functional in joint development than in disease.

Reprogramming mitochondrial metabolism to enhance macrophages polarization by ROS-responsive nanoparticles for osteoarthritis.

Background:Medial meniscal extrusion (MME) is a risk factor for osteoarthritis of the knee and is usually assessed using a supine, unloaded magnetic resonance imaging. However, protocols for examining meniscal extrusion with ultrasound in the literature vary regarding specific flexion angles and the extent of weightbearing during the examination, complicating interpretations of the influence of loading and position on meniscal extrusion.Hypothesis:The hypothesis was that loading and increased flexion angles would increase physiologic MME relative to supine and neutral positions.Study Design:Descriptive laboratory study.Methods:Asymptomatic volunteers with no history of knee pain, injury, or surgery were included. Real-time knee joint angles were obtained by a motion-capture system using retroreflective markers placed on the lower limbs. Ultrasound images of the medial meniscus of both knees were acquired in the coronal plane for supine, single-leg, and double-leg standing positions and with the knee in neutral (0°-5°), 20°, and 45° of flexion. MME was compared across legs, stances, and angles using a repeated-measures mixed-effects linear model, and pairwise comparisons were made using a post hoc Tukey test.Results:A total of 21 volunteers (age, 33 ± 12 years; body mass index, 23 ± 2.3 kg/m2; 9 women) participated in the study. MME was significantly lower in the supine position compared with single- and double-leg stances (P < .0001, estimated marginal mean MME: supine = 1.1, 1-leg = 1.3, 2-leg = 1.3), with no significant difference between weightbearing stances. Increasing knee flexion angles were associated with significantly lower extrusion (P < .0001, estimated marginal mean MME: neutral = 1.4; 20° = 1.3; 45° = 1), with extrusion greatest at neutral flexion and lowest at 45° of flexion. There was no significant difference in MME between right and left legs (estimated marginal mean MME = 1.2 for both left and right legs; P = .7255).Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that unloaded, supine examinations of MME may be of limited value. Also, including ultrasound assessment under loaded conditions may better reflect the biomechanical function of the meniscus during activities of daily life.Clinical Relevance:Examining physiologic meniscal behavior is important to provide context for altered meniscal function in the presence of pathology, which may help inform clinical decisions regarding the management of meniscal degeneration or tears.

LPCAT3-ABCA1 axis regulates the dose-sparing effects of steroid drugs in osteoarthritis in mice.

The V-ATPase a3 subunit deficiency affects osteoarthritis via mTOR-Mediated autophagy levels in subchondral bone.