Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports (REDs) is defined as a multifactorial syndrome of impaired physiological and/or psychological functioning was previously named as the Female Athlete Triad. REDs was proposed to be an expansion of the Female Athlete Triad model (Triad), corresponding to a combination of Low Energy Availability (LEA), alteration of the menstrual cycle and bone health. could be made possible by a screening tool to determine the risk of LEA. The Low Energy Availability in Female-Questionnaire (LEAF-Q) is a screening tool originally developed to identify individuals at risk of Triad based on self-reported symptoms in three primary categories: injuries, gastrointestinal function, and reproductive function - to identify individuals at risk of Triad. To date, LEAF-Q is recommended in the International Olympic Committee REDs Clinical Assessment Tool-Version 2 as a screening tool for studying various health and performance outcomes of REDs. This study aims to validate the Italian version (LEAFQ-ITA) among physically active women while adapting it to their culture in order to enhance the diagnosis and facilitate access to treatment of REDs. The validation process was carried out in multiple stages: (i) translation and cultural adaptation of the content from the original questionnaire (LEAF-Q) into the Italian culture; (ii) expert validation of the content using the Delphi technique; (iii) reliability test-retest in a sample of Italian physical active women; and (iv) internal consistency checking using exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis. A consensus rate of more than 90% for every item was considered sufficient agreement. The test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient estimates and their 95% confidence intervals based on a mean-rating, absolute agreement, 2-way mixed-effects model. Exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses were performed with the Factor software. The analysis was implemented using a matrix dispersion through Pearson correlations and the Robust Diagonally Weighted Least Squares (RDWLS) extraction method. The Parallel Analysis technique suggested the number of factors to be retained. McDonald's Omega and Cronbach's alpha were performed to test internal consistency. After two rounds, the LEAFQ-ITA maintained the same amount of items and gained the consensus of content validation specialists. From the sample of 215 questionnaires answered, a sub-sample of 105 participants answered the LEAFQ-ITA twice (mean age: 26.1 ± 4.7 years old; mean body mass index: 21.3 ± 2.6 kg/m2; physical activity of 3.9 ± 1.3 days/week on average). Among them, 56 women (37.6%) obtained a were classified at risk of LEA by the final score of LEAFQ-ITA ≥8. The single measurement intraclass correlation coefficient resulted in 0.832 (F = 10.849, df = 105, p < 0.000, 95% confidence interval: 0.762-0.882), which suggests high reliability. Although initially hypothesizing the presence of 3 factors, the parallel analysis suggested 2 factors as being the most representative of the data. Measures of McDonald's Omega (0.65) and Cronbach's alpha (0.64) suggested acceptable internal consistency. The LEAFQ-ITA is a valid instrument for identifying Italian physically active women with physiological symptoms possibly related to LEA or REDs. Future research should focus on validating this instrument in other countries and languages.

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of an Arabic version of the 12-item Zarit burden interview.

Workers' satisfaction with health surveillance: Development and validation of a new scale.

Evaluation of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) Stress Scale over the course of the pandemic in a large German general population sample.

Development and psychometric assessment of a care competency scale for family caregivers in home palliative care.

Parental emotion regulation is crucial for parent-child interactions and child psychological outcomes. However, limited research has examined whether the Regulation of Emotions in Parenting Scale (REPS) functions equivalently across ethnoracial groups, raising concerns about measurement bias. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the REPS, including measurement invariance, reliability, and differential validity, across an ethnically diverse sample of n = 1,408 parents. Using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, we tested configural, metric, and scalar invariance. While configural and metric invariance were supported, full scalar invariance was not. A partial scalar invariance model, allowing three item intercepts to vary, showed acceptable fit. McDonald's omega coefficients indicated strong internal reliability across all subscales and racial groups. Multiple regression analyses tested differential validity and found no significant interaction effects, supporting consistent predictive validity. These findings confirm the REPS as a reliable tool for diverse populations. Future research should explore REPS applicability across sociocultural contexts.

The 7-item Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS) is widely used for measuring mental well-being due to its strong psychometric properties. However, its suitability for adolescents, particularly across gender and age groups, has not been established. The aim of the study was to assess the psychometric properties, factor structure, and measurement invariance of the SWEMWBS in Finnish youth. The data from the 2017 School Health Promotion Survey included 132,828 young people (aged 13 to 20; 48.0% cis-female, 46.5% cis-male) from Finnish lower and upper secondary schools. The study employed exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), McDonald's omega (ω), and measurement invariance. A single-factor model with good internal consistency (ω = 0.962) was confirmed via CFA, with minor residual correlations included in the model. Full scalar invariance was established across age, perceived health, chronic illness, loneliness, relationship status, and having at least one friend. The results indicate that the scale is suitable for detecting true differences in mental well-being across these groups. However, scalar invariance was only partial for gender and mental ill-health, suggesting some variability in the measurement properties of the SWEMWBS. The SWEMWBS is sufficiently unidimensional and suitable for measuring mental well-being among Finnish adolescents. The scale is appropriate for population-level monitoring, as well as in intervention studies targeting the mental well-being in youth. However, comparing scores with the adult population or between specific groups (e.g., those with or without mental health conditions) requires caution.

Background Family-nurse collaboration is critical when caring for hospitalized elderly patients. In order to assess this collaboration in clinical settings, a scale based on the culture of the local country is required. This study aimed to investigate the Psychometric Evaluation of Persian version of Family Collaboration Scale (FCS). Material and Methods This methodological study measured the FCS in hospitals affiliated with Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2022. After permission was obtained from the developer, the FCS was translated from English into Persian and back-translated into English based on the World Health Organization’s model. The translated version was then examined for its psychometric properties, including initial reliability, face validity, content validity, construct validity, convergent validity, and overall reliability. Ultimately, the reliability of the Persian version was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Cronbach’s alpha, and McDonald’s Omega coefficient. The obtained data were analyzed statistically in SPSS- 16 and AMOS-24. Results The initial reliability of the whole scale and its subscales was confirmed with values greater than 0.7. Regarding qualitative face validity, some items of the scale were modified based on the comments of the target groups. The calculation of the item factor, CVR, and CVI led to the confirmation of 42 items, the elimination of 5 items, and the confirmation of the remaining items, respectively. In addition, 6 items were eliminated following exploratory factor analysis. Finally, there remained a total of 31 items on the scale. The next step was built on a confirmatory factor analysis approach and fit indices, demonstrating that the FCS could be used in the Iranian population. In addition, CR&gt;0.7, AVE&gt;0.5, and CR&gt;AVE confirmed the convergent validity of this scale. Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald Omega coefficient (Ω), and ICC (test-retest) for this scale were obtained as 0.87, &gt; 0.80, and 0.82, respectively. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the two stages of the test (p&lt;0.001). As a result, the reliability of the Persian version of the FCS was confirmed. Conclusion The translation and psychometric evaluation of the FCS suggested that it is a valid and reliable scale that can be used in Iran to evaluate how well families of elderly patients and nurses collaborate in clinical settings. BJMS, Vol. 24 No. 04 October’25 Page : 1197-1207

ABSTRACTObjectiveEstimate the psychometric properties of the interRAI Quality of Life for Mental Health and Addictions (interRAI QOL) instrument with users of Psychosocial Care Centers and participants of therapeutic groups in Primary Health Care, exploring age, gender, and service settings differences in quality of life.MethodThis quantitative study was conducted with 617 users from Psychosocial Care Centers and Primary Care services in two Brazilian states, Rio Grande do Sul and Rondônia. Data collection was carried out using the interRAI QOL. Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability assessment were performed using McDonald's Omega index. Non‐parametric tests, including Mann‐Whitney and Kruskal‐Wallis, were conducted to compare the Quality‐of‐Life dimensions among participants based on age, gender, and care unit.ResultsThe confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the hypothesized model (CFI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.08). Reliability was adequate for all subscales according to McDonald's Omega, ranging from 0.71 to 0.88. Gender differences were observed in the well‐being and health dimensions, while all dimensions except support showed significant differences based on age group. The care unit location also revealed significant differences across all dimensions. Participants from Psychosocial Care Center Alcohol and Drugs and from Primary Health Care show better QOL profiles than in other settings and regions.ConclusionThe interRAI QOL demonstrated adequate psychometric properties and proved to be a valuable new instrument for assessing quality of life among individuals receiving care in the psychosocial care network.

Comparative psychometric properties of the short versions of the SCL-90-R for patients with substance use disorder.

Telemedicine is increasingly used in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), improving access to specialized care. Assessing patient satisfaction is crucial to optimize telemedicine services. The Telemedicine Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQ) is widely adopted, but its cross-cultural validity requires evaluation. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Italian version of the TSQ (I-TSQ) for IBD care. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at two IBD centers in Italy between June and October 2024. The TSQ was translated and culturally adapted following international guidelines, including forward-backward translation and pilot testing. Structural validity was assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA). Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. Participants completed the I-TSQ after telemedicine consultations via an online platform. A total of 180 patients participated. Factor analyses supported a three-factor model: Quality of Care, similarity to Face-to-Face Encounters, and Perception of Interaction. CFA confirmed a good model fit (χ2<inf>(62)=</inf>212.547, P=0.183; CFI=0.926; RMSEA=0.047; SRMR=0.097). Internal consistency was good (McDonald Omega = 0.88). Most patients (80%) reported that telemedicine positively impacted their disease management, and 87% found technology access easy or very easy. The Italian version of the TSQ is a valid and reliable tool for assessing satisfaction with telemedicine in IBD care. Its use may support the integration of telemedicine into hybrid, patient-centered care models.

Firefighters are exposed to carcinogens from combustion, necessitating decontamination practices. This study developed and validated the Firefighter Exposure to Carcinogens Scale (FECS) to assess exposure-mitigating behaviors. The sample included 179 volunteer firefighters from across Canada, comprising both English and French speakers, evaluated 20 items on exposure prevention across the following three dimensions: perceived importance, past behavior, and future intention. Principal axis factor analysis was conducted, and parallel analysis based on principal components determined the number of factors. McDonald's Omega measured internal consistency, and item-total correlations were examined. A one-factor solution was acceptable for all scales, with high coefficient omega values indicating strong internal consistency. Small mean differences between language groups were nonsignificant, and no correlations were found with demographic variables. The FECS is a reliable, valid one-factor model for both languages, supporting cancer prevention efforts.

Life satisfaction in individuals with premenstrual syndrome: Scale development and evaluation of psychometric properties.

Factor structure, measurement invariance and correlates of a modified version of the Short Child Maltreatment Questionnaire (SCMQ) among adolescents in England.

Proactive personality is an essential disposition determining students’ readiness to enter the workforce, so a validated instrument is needed to measure it in Indonesia. This study aimed to adapt the Proactive Personality Scale–Short Version (PPS-SV) into the Indonesian language and test its validity and reliability in a student population. A total of 232 students (61 men, 171 women) from a university in Bandung participated in the study. The age range of the participants was 19–25 years old (\textit{M} = 21.7; \textit{SD} = 1.12). Construct validity was tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), while reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. The CFA results confirmed the one-factor structure of the PPS-SV and demonstrated good model fit with the data (CFI = .964, TLI = .954, GFI = .994, RMSEA = .069, and SRMR = .036). The scale also showed excellent internal consistency ($\alpha$ = .901; $\omega$ = 0.902). Thus, the Indonesian adaptation of the PPS-SV was judged to have strong psychometric properties, including good construct validity and reliability. This scale can therefore be recommended for measuring proactive personality in students in Indonesia.

The Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS-Sps) in Spanish nursing students: A psychometric validation study.

Introduction: The Psychological Characteristics Related to Sport Performance Questionnaire (CPRD) is commonly used to support decision-making in sport psychology. However, evidence regarding its reliability using Bayesian analysis and normative data for Colombian athletes remains unexplored. Objectives: (a) To assess the reliability of CPRD scores; (b) To identify normative data for Colombian athletes. Method: A total of 720 Colombian athletes (Mage= 20.3, SD= 5.7) completed the CPRD (55 items), including males (n= 546, 75.8%) and females (n= 174, 24.1%) from 22 different sports disciplines. Participants were drawn from various Colombian regions: Eje Cafetero, Antioquia, Boyacá, and the Caribe. A Bayesian model was estimated to assess internal consistency, using McDonald's Omega (ω) and Cronbach's Alpha (α) coefficients. Results: The global CPRD scale showed good reliability (ω= .87; α= .87). At the factor level, all posterior densities displayed approximately normal and smoothed distributions. Iteration chains demonstrated convergence for each coefficient. The Stress Control (ω= .84; α = .83), Performance Evaluation Influence (ω= .73; α= .73), and Motivation (ω= .75; α= .74) factors showed adequate consistency. In contrast, Mental Skills (ω= .40; α= .35) and Team Cohesion (ω = .57; α = .56) presented insufficient reliability. Item-level reliability within each factor was also analyzed. Normative data in T-scores and percentiles are proposed for each factor. Conclusion: Overall, the CPRD demonstrates reliable scores and is recommended for use; however, caution is advised when interpreting scores at the factor level.

The Orgasm Rating Scale (ORS) evaluates the subjective orgasm experience (SOE), both in the context of sexual relationships and solitary masturbation. It has been validated in Spain, but to examine the construct in different cultures, this study aimed to analyze its psychometric properties in the Colombian population. A total of 1 097 adults aged 18 to 62 years (mean 27.92 ± 8.54) responded to the ORS and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale in the contexts of sexual relationships and solitary masturbation separately, during May and October 2024. The four-dimensional structure of the Spanish version is confirmed for both contexts by confirmatory factor analysis. It showed adequate reliability, with McDonald's omega values between 0.74 and 0.94. The ORS scores were significantly correlated between both contexts (r = 0.174 to 0.682), indicating the reciprocity of orgasm between the two domains. In addition, they were significantly associated with measures of sexual functioning (r = -0.097 to -0.641). Finally, through Fisher's ANOVA Bayesian, the results showed that Affective, Sensory and Rewards subscales discriminated between persons with and without orgasm difficulties in sexual relationships and solitary masturbation, but not Intimacy subscale. In conclusion, the ORS has adequate psychometric guarantees in the Colombian population to evaluate the subjective orgasm experience in the contexts of sexual relationships and solitary masturbation from a multidimensional perspective, showing itself as a valuable tool in the field of sexual and couple therapy.

Introduction Academic goal progress is a key motivational construct linked to students' planning, self-regulation, and academic success, yet there is a dearth of culturally adapted, validated instruments for assessing this construct in Peruvian higher-education contexts. Grounded in Social Cognitive Career Theory, this study addresses this gap by adapting and validating the Academic Progress Goals Scale (AGPS) for Peruvian university students. Methods A total of 1,157 undergraduate students (Mean Age = 21.55, SD = 4.13; 64.4% female) completed the adapted seven-item AGPS. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) with WLSMV estimation and AI-based iterative optimization reduced the scale to five items. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) tested the resulting unidimensional structure. Internal consistency was estimated via McDonald's omega (ω), bootstrap resampling (1,000 draws) evaluated stability, and structural equation modeling examined convergent validity with an academic satisfaction measure. Results EFA supported a single factor comprising five items, with excellent fit (χ 2 [5] = 9.93, CFI = 0.999; RMSEA = 0.041) and reliability (ω = 0.85). The CFA confirmed this structure with near-perfect fit (χ 2 [5] = 3.82, CFI = 1.000; RMSEA = 0.000) and composite reliability ω = 0.85. Bootstrap analyses indicated consistently high reliability (mean ω = 0.85, SD = 0.01) and fit (CFI/TLI ≈ 1.00; RMSEA mean = 0.04). SEM revealed a moderate correlation (ϕ = 0.66) between AGPS scores and academic satisfaction, supporting convergent validity. Conclusion The five-item AGPS is a brief, reliable, and valid tool for measuring academic goal progress among Peruvian university students. Its strong psychometric properties and cultural adaptation make it suitable for research, educational policy design, and interventions aimed at enhancing academic engagement and reducing dropout rates.

Background: Writing self-efficacy is a central construct in educational research, grounded in Bandura's social cognitive theory. However, most available instruments have been developed in Western and urban contexts, which limits their applicability to indigenous bilingual populations, such as Quechua-speaking students in Peru. The absence of validated scales in these contexts hinders the accurate assessment of writing self-efficacy and the implementation of educational strategies tailored to their linguistic and cultural needs. Objective: This study aimed to adapt and validate the Writing Self-Efficacy Scale (QEWSE) for Quechua-speaking students in basic education in Peru, ensuring its structural validity and reliability. Methods: An instrumental study was conducted with a sample of 265 secondary school students (50.6% female, 49.4% male), using convenience sampling. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied to evaluate the structure of the instrument. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients. Results: The four first-order factor model (Ideation, Skills, Usage, and Self-Regulation) showed adequate fit indices (CFI = 0.92; TLI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.05 [90% CI: 0.05-0.06]; SRMR = 0.05). However, the high inter-factor correlations (≥0.85) suggest the relevance of a second-order model, which demonstrated a reasonable fit (CFI = 0.92; TLI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.06; SRMR = 0.05), supporting the interpretation of writing self-efficacy as a global construct. The scale showed high reliability across all factors (α and ω ranged from 0.74 to 0.90). Conclusions: The QEWS-S demonstrates strong psychometric properties for assessing writing self-efficacy among Quechua-speaking students. The hierarchical second-order model offers a more accurate theoretical and empirical representation, allowing for the reporting of an overall self-efficacy score while also providing specific scores for each dimension. These results support its use in bilingual and culturally diverse contexts and lay the groundwork for future research aimed at further examining discriminant validity and developing pedagogical interventions focused on strengthening students' confidence and writing skills.