Maximum Satisfaction Research Articles

INTEREST BASED ADAPTIVE BILLBOARD CONTENT MANAGEMENT

The street advertising has undergone some significant changes in recent years: traditional billboards are gradually being replaced by electronic display devices (LED screens) that are able to change in real-time the broadcast advertising, thus allows the dynamic content management. This paper aims to develop an adaptive advertising strategy based on the preferences of the people in front of the screen. Each of them has a special application installed on their personal smartphone through which they can configure their interests regarding the broadcast advertising. These interest profiles are then collected by billboards which, based on them, select the most appropriate type of ad to run at that time. The proposed method focus on transformation of a simple display equipment into an intelligent one, capable of adapting the broadcast content to the requirements of the nearby audience and aims to maximize the efficiency of the billboard operation and at the same time bring maximum satisfaction to the target audience. The performance of the method was evaluated using agent based computer simulation.

OUTLINE OF A METHOD FOR ALLOCATING RAILWAY SHIFT WORKERS ACCOUNTING FOR THE DIFFICULTY OF WORK

At present, shift work is evaluated from the carriers’ perspective as employers. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to outline the characteristics of an innovative software application that would enable human resource managers to take railway workers’ satisfaction or the difficulty of a job into account when creating shift plans. This article includes an overview of the prevailing methods of handling railway shift worker scheduling and a list and description of the empirical methods for creating shifts. Next, the consideration given to the interests and preferences of employees regarding shift types is described. We then outline possible changes, especially changes utilising mathematical formulas. These patterns and considerations are verified through actual shifts and questionnaires distributed to a select group of employees. An actual shift of conductors at the Czech national carrier České dráhy is chosen for the case study. Finally, a proposal of a software system that takes employee preferences into account and permits the scheduling of blocks of free days is described. From the development point of view, the aim of this software is to achieve maximum satisfaction after subjective requirements are considered, thus ensuring, from the human resource management perspective, a higher degree of railway employees’ satisfaction, leading to better quality services and improved rail transport.

DEVELOPING SOFTWARE TO SOLVE CERTAIN PROBLEMS OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT

In modern conditions of intensifying competition in consumer markets, stable operation of enterprises is ensured by the implementation of strategies for maximum satisfaction of consumer demand for goods and related services. Planning such strategies requires improvements in various enterprise systems, in particular, the inventory management system based on the rationalization and optimization of product flows, use of appropriate models and methods for these tasks. Every company strives to satisfy the customer at the highest possible level. This task requires a significant investment in inventory. At the same time, an equally important task is to find new opportunities to reduce all types of costs and increase profits, therefore, from the point of view of finance, the ideal state is when there is no stock while the production needs of the company are met in full. But such a situation is absolutely impossible in real conditions. In order to work as efficiently as possible and reach acceptable financial indicators, it is necessary to effectively manage inventory stock at the enterprise. An essential feature of inventory modeling process is uncertainty in real conditions, which is associated with the inaccuracy or incompleteness of information about demand, supply, time delays of ordered goods, product spoilage and other parameters of the logistics system. This necessitates an effective inventory management mechanism in conditions of uncertainty. Solving this problem requires calculation of exact date and quantity of each subsequent order. Most modern software packages for inventory management are quite difficult to understand or require large financial expenses. In addition, most practical applications are designed for deterministic parameters of demand and production schedule. In fact, demand has a high level of uncertainty, which requires improved algorithms using stochastic theory of inventory management. Thus, a number of issues related to this field still remain unresolved or incompletely resolved. Most publications consider the classic toolkit with some well-known modifications. However, classic models are quite difficult to apply in in real life because the ideal conditions are difficult to achieve in practice. The models do not take into account the limitations imposed by internal and external factors. Based on this, we have created software that would perform the required task. The final product of the research is a software product that enables warehouse operators and managers to optimize drafting a schedule of production inventory deliveries in conditions of demand uncertainty, as well as controlling deliveries based on an economic-mathematical model of inventory management in conditions of demand uncertainty. The software is able to determine the optimal period of delivery of several types of resources, total costs for storage and ordering, the effect of the obtained savings, speeding up and simplifying the dispatcher's work.

Homestay development strategy at Yeh Gangga Beach tourist destination Tabanan-Bali

Yeh Gangga Beach is one of the tourist destinations in Tabanan, which has many attractions at affordable prices. Accommodation in this destination is unique with the traditional design and a lot of environmental activities. The main problems in this accommodation (homestay) are marketing and operation. Many tourists seem unfamiliar with the accommodation, which results in limited market reach. In addition, unstandardized operations have made the performance low and unable to provide maximum tourist satisfaction. This study aims to determine the right strategy for developing homestays and destinations with a local community-based strategy based on tourist characteristics, motivations, and analyzed results. This study used qualitative data collection such as interviews (homestay owners and village officials), observation, questionnaires, and documentation study. By knowing the internal factor (Strength, Weaknesses) and external factors (Opportunity and Threat) of the homestays will be found the strategy to improve the standard of the homestay in Yeh Gangga Beach. Based on observation, questionnaires and interviews with stakeholder and the SWOT analysis indicated as follows: 1). Homestays at Yeh Gangga beach need promotion, this can be done with doing a collaboration with travel bureau who works for a tour package and digital marketing via social media. 2). To obtain a legal license in building homestay, this needs the government involved. 3) In order to meet good administrative or improve management standard requires training or workshop from organizations that are experts in homestay or accommodation administration. 4) Focus Group Discussion (FGD) of homestays owners, village officials, and academics to improve homestays and destination standards. 5) To form a tourism awareness group (POKDARWIS) that will be more responsible for the sustainability of all tourism activities, including homestays as a component of tourism in Yeh Gangga and also beach cleanliness. 6) Create new products with better quality and competitive prices such as special souvenirs to show the characteristic of Yeh Gangga Beach. 7) Community synergy to tackle the waste problem.

ANALISIS TINGKAT PELAYANAN PROSES BELAJAR MENGAJAR SECARA ONLINE TERHADAP KEPUASAN MAHASISWA DI FAKULTAS EKONOMI UNIVERSITAS LANCANG KUNING

Efforts to fulfill student desires are the key to success in winning the competition and the best action that needs to be taken by higher education institutions is to use feedback from students to make changes to services. Every student wants maximum satisfaction fromevery service available in educational institutions, with maximum satisfaction obtained by students will be able to improve the quality of educational services. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of student satisfaction in receiving the online teaching and learning process, to analyze the quality of services provided by education providers to students online. To analyze the effect of the level of service provided by education providers on student satisfaction at the Faculty of Economics, Lancang Kuning University. From the results of the study, it showed that the level of student satisfaction in receiving the teaching and learning process, on average, could be said to be satisfied in accepting online learning. While services for online infrastructure that can be used by students are still not supportive, namely the campus wifi problem. The results of the online teaching and learning process services on student satisfaction which are carried out at the Faculty of Economics have a significant influence on student satisfaction, but there are two variables that are not significant. and has a negative value, namely the responsiveness variable and tangible variable. This is due to the lack of communication between students and the academic community and the lack of equipment available for online learning.

A two-stage multi-attribute group consensus model based on distributed linguistic assessment information from the perspective of fairness concern

The consensus reaching process (CRP) is a key step in group decision-making (GDM), in which reaching a satisfactory consensus often requires certain costs, such as time, money, and effort. Moreover, benefits from the CRP are often compared among decision-makers, which raises fairness issues. Given these, this paper comprehensively considers these two factors in linguistic GDM modeling. Aiming at the problem of multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) under distributed linguistic assessment (DLA) information, a two-stage group consensus model that considers psychological behaviors with fairness concern is proposed. Subsequently, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model are illustrated by a case of selecting emergency material warehouses related to urban flood disasters. The main innovations and contributions of this paper are as follows. (a) The psychology of individual fairness concern is integrated into the MAGDM process with DLA information. (b) The DLA-based two-stage group consensus model, including the first-stage consensus model with maximum fairness satisfaction degree and the second-stage consensus model with minimum cost, is developed. Compared with the existing consensus models for distributed linguistic MAGDM, the proposed consensus model can not only improve the consensus level on the opinions with minimum cost but also promote the fairness satisfaction degree of decision-makers.

Dynamic Coverage Optimization for 5G Ultra-dense Cellular Networks Based on Their User Densities

This paper has proposed a user-density-based coverage optimization technique for ultra-dense cellular networks. Antenna tilting is a promising coverage optimization technique to be used in 5G networks, that significantly improve the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) by choosing the appropriate angle of tilt. In this paper, the cellular coverage has been optimized for scattered user densities/user hotspots using an adaptive antenna tilting mechanism that steers the beams towards the temporal hot spot in the coverage area. The proposed method has the competence to improve the desired SINR level and coverage area for a group of users rather than a single user. In this work, a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm has been implemented to optimize the tilt angle. The performance of the proposed technique has been evaluated in the simulation platform considering a three-sectored multicellular mobile network where the groups of user clusters are distributed randomly. The result confirms the improvement in RSS and SINR values in the group of users having high density with maximum user satisfaction.

Anaesthetic Management for Caesarian Section Complicated with Eisenmenger Syndrome Concomitant Severe Preeclampsia: A Case Report

Background: Although conception is discouraged in women with Eisenmenger syndrome, in inevitable circumstances, careful and meticulous planning of anesthesia can help the parturient survive the ordeal of a cesarean section. Anaesthetic management is aimed at avoiding haemodynamic changes that increase right-to-left shunt, thereby worsening hypoxemia. This study aimed to present a case of a pregnant woman with Eisenmenger syndrome who underwent caesarean section under general anesthesia management with severe preeclampsia.
 Case presentation: A 42-year-old pregnant woman (gravida 3, para 1, abortion 1) was admitted to our hospital at 38 weeks gestation with the chief complaint of shortness of breath and severe preeclampsia. Physical examination revealed cyanotic with clubbing fingers and elevated jugular venous pressure. Laboratory investigations did not reveal any abnormalities. Electrocardiography (ECG) shows normal sinus rhythm and right atrial deviation. General anesthesia was chosen due to obstetric complications, namely severe preeclampsia. The patient was premedicated with a gastroprotective agent, ranitidine 150 mg. At follow-up anesthesia 36 hours after surgery, the patient scored for maximum perioperative comfort and satisfaction.
 Conclusion: A multidisciplinary approach is needed to secure maternal and fetal survival for patients with Eisenmenger syndrome. Termination of Caesarean section under general anaesthesia may be the method of delivery that can be used, but care must be taken to avoid excessive and rapid blockade, dehydration, and hypoxaemia.

A new approach to solve the of maximum constraint satisfaction problem

<span lang="EN-US">The premature convergence of the simulated annealing algorithm, to solve many complex problems of artificial intelligence, refers to a failure mode where the process stops at a stable point that does not represent to an overall solution. Accelerating the speed of convergence and avoiding local solutions is the concern of this work. To overcome this weakness in order to improve the performance of the solution, a new hybrid approach is proposed. The new approach is able to take into consideration the state of the system during convergence via the use of Hopfield neural networks. To implement the proposed approach, the problem of maximum constraint satisfaction is modeled as a quadratic programming. This problem is solved via the use of the new approach. The approach is compared with other methods to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.</span>

Development and Application of "Cervical Dilatation Model for Teaching and Training".

BackgroundEach year nursing schools pay more for teaching equipment at the nursing laboratory to improve practical skills. The development of the cervical dilatation model for teaching to reduce teaching and training costs is essential. This research aimed at developing a kind of cervical dilatation model for teaching and training.MethodsDeveloping a cervical dilatation model for teaching and training with the same structure and operation configuration is like the cervical dilatation model in laboratory practices of nursing. The appearance, structure, and operating accessories were developed from the original. The differences between the original cervical dilatation model and the cervical dilatation model for teaching and training are as follows: the original cervical dilatation model has only vaginal and fetal skulls of various sizes but the cervical dilatation model for teaching and training content follows vaginal, ischial spine, fetal skulls of various sizes, and cervical dilation and effacement. We then compare the teaching effect of the cervical dilatation model for teaching and training with the original cervical dilatation model (including knowledge, vaginal exam scores, and satisfaction after training).ResultsThere was no significant difference in the knowledge and vaginal examination scores of the experimental group and control group before training. The vaginal examination scores in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group and scored before, immediately after, and two weeks after the intervention was statistically significantly higher than before training at 0.05 (68.86 ± 3.89, 88.10 ± 2.52, 91.06 ± 1.33) and the trainees had maximum satisfaction in the training.ConclusionThe cervical dilatation model for teaching and training was highly efficient, and knowledge and practice among nursing students in the intervention group increased after training. The cervical dilatation model for teaching and training could help reduce the cost of teaching equipment, increase teaching and training resources, and improve the trainee’s knowledge and practice skills.

MARKETING MIX IN THE DIGITALIZATION AGE

One of the important keys in business competition in the modern industrial era is being able to create a product or service that is able to meet the needs and desires of consumers. The importance of this issue makes all large and small companies and even micro business actors make various efforts in order to win the hearts of consumers and try to provide maximum satisfaction for their consumers. In its application, marketing has several variables that are integrated with each other and affect the success of its application.

High-Level Athletes With Borderline Hip Dysplasia Achieve Favorable Outcomes and Return to Sport Rates Following Primary Hip Arthroscopy: Minimum 5-Year Outcomes Comparison to a Propensity-Matched Control Group

(1) To report minimum 5-year patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and return to sport (RTS) rates in high-level athletes with borderline hip dysplasia (BHD) following primary hip arthroscopy for labral pathology and femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and (2) to compare results to a propensity-matched control group of athletes with normal acetabular coverage. Data were reviewed for surgeries performed between February 2009 and February 2016. Patients were eligible if they underwent primary hip arthroscopy in the setting of BHD (lateral center-edge angle [LCEA] 18-25°) and competed in professional, collegiate, or high school sports. Inclusion criteria were preoperative and minimum 5-year follow-up scores for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritis Hip Score, Hip Outcome Score-Sport Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale for pain. Rates of achieving the minimal clinically importance difference (MCID), patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS), and maximum outcome improvement satisfaction threshold (MOIST) were recorded in addition to RTS. BHD athletes were matched by age at the time of surgery, sex, body mass index, Tönnis grade, follow-up time, sport type, and competition level to a control group of 58 athletes with normal acetabular coverage (LCEA 25°-40°) for comparison. A total of 34 BHD athletes were included with a mean follow-up of 73.6 ± 10.7 months. BHD athletes showed significant improvements in all PROs, demonstrated high RTS rates (90.0%), and achieved PASS/MCID/MOIST for mHHS (MCID: 80.0%, PASS: 93.3%, MOIST: 80.0%) and HOS-SSS (MCID: 76.7%, PASS: 73.3%) at high rates. When compared to a propensity-matched group with normal acetabular coverage, BHD athletes demonstrated similar postoperative PROs, rates of achieving psychometric thresholds, and RTS rates (P > .05). Additionally, by the latest follow-up, no athlete in either group required conversion to total hip arthroplasty. High-level athletes with BHD undergoing primary hip arthroscopy for labral pathology and femoroacetabular impingement syndrome may expect favorable midterm outcomes and high RTS rates. These results were comparable to a control group of athletes with normal coverage. Level III, retrospective cohort study.

A sustainable competitive supply chain network design for a green product under uncertainty: A case study of Iranian leather industry

The leather industry typically generates a large amount of wastewater. Leather production requires large quantities of freshwater and various chemicals are added to the water at every stage of production. The absence of proper regulatory bodies and specialized treatment plants to recycle the wastewater add to the environmental hazards caused by the industry. Due to the problems cited above and the significant cost of safe wastewater disposal, numerous manufacturers illegally discharge their chemically polluted wastewater, causing immeasurable damage to the environment and public health. Governments' failure to adopt suitable taxation and subsidy policies further aggravates the crisis and discourages manufacturers from transitioning toward sustainable production practices. As a result, the majority of manufacturers are on the brink of bankruptcy. In this study, we propose a model for a leather industry supply chain that incorporates the three pillars of sustainability which include economic viability, environmental protection, and social equity. The proposed model features flexible governmental policies and enacts a Stackelberg competition between the producers and retailers under both certain and uncertain conditions in the context of the Iranian leather industry to ensure maximum customer satisfaction. To verify the applicability of the model, it was applied to a real-world case study under uncertainty. In the end, the validity of the model was confirmed when the results were approved by a panel of industry experts.

Engineering Characteristics Prioritization in Quality Function Deployment Using an Improved ORESTE Method with Double Hierarchy Hesitant Linguistic Information

Quality function deployment (QFD) is a customer-driven product development technique widely utilized to translating customer requirements into engineering characteristics for maximum customer satisfaction. Nonetheless, when used in real situations, the traditional QFD method has been criticized to have many deficiencies, e.g., in expressing experts’ uncertain assessments and prioritizing engineering characteristics. In this study, we propose a new engineering characteristics prioritization approach based on double hierarchy hesitant linguistic term sets (DHHLTSs) and the ORESTE (organísation, rangement et Synthèse de données relarionnelles, in French) method to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional QFD. Specifically, the main contributions of this study to the literature are that the DHHLTSs are utilized to describe the hesitant relationship assessments between customer requirements and engineering characteristics provided by experts, and the ORESTE method is modified and used to determine the importance ranking orders of engineering characteristics. Finally, a case study and a comparison analysis are presented to illustrate the feasibility and practicability of the proposed QFD approach. The advantages of the new approach being proposed are higher flexibility in handling experts’ intricate and hesitant relationship evaluation information and effective in providing a reasonable prioritization of engineering characteristics in the practical QFD analysis.

Age Features of Own Greed Determination and Its Assessment in Other

Greed is one of the most common features in human nature, and it has recently attracted increasing research interest. The purpose of this work is to study the age-specific characteristics of determining own greed and its evaluation in others. We continue our research on greed as a personal trait, the presence of which leads to the maximum satisfaction of our own interests, at the expense of the well-being of others or as a result ignoring their needs. The problem of greed gained momentum with the advent of the Covid-19 pandemic, people of all ages and social status were forced to redistribute their material and intangible resources, save and save,when the others, on the contrary, increased their wealth through economic changes. So how has this critical situation affected the greed in all age people and their assessment of the greed in others? The following methods were used in the study: correlation, comparative and qualitative analysis of the results obtained by the method of semantic differential, incomplete sentences, situational tasks and the author's method of determining greed. As a result, it is shown that young people more often than adults consider greed as a personality trait inherent in everyone. Adult subjects to a greater extent equate the greed for experiencing negative emotions - evil, fear and aggression. In both groups, greed is defined as own limitation that prevents one from enjoying a full life, but through greed you can control your expenses, save and be responsible for your consumer behavior. Researchers of young and mature age believe that the greed of others limits their ability to live comfortably, satisfy their desires, achieve goals and live in abundance. Young and adult people's assessment of their own greed and the greed of others is moderate. Self-assessment of own greed and assessment of the greed of family and friends are similar. The assessment of city and country leader’s greed is higher than their own assessment of greed.

A tactical transactive energy scheduling for the electric vehicle-integrated networked microgrids

A bi-level hybrid robust-stochastic framework is proposed in this study to scrutinize the tactical market behaviour of networked microgrids (NM) integrated with high penetration of electric vehicle fleets (EVF). At the first level, the NMs’ aggregator self-schedules the distributed generation (DG) units, transactive energy exchange between micro grids, as well as the residential EVFs parked at smart parking lots, then submits its energy purchase/sell offers/bids in wholesale electricity market (WEM) as a tactical price-maker. At this point, the WEM operator, as a second level follower, is given the offers/bids from all market players, generation companies (GENCO), and NMs’ aggregator. Afterward, it clears the market to achieve the optimal value for maximum social satisfaction, and announces the locational marginal price (LMP). The electric vehicles are congregated into fleets of similar behavioural patterns by k-means clustering method considering the stochastic behavioural distributions. Moreover, the uncertain production of the renewable energy sources (RES) are confronted by the robust optimization approach. The NMs are modelled through 12 real 14-bus microgrid systems, while the WEM was embodied through IEEE 24-bus transmission network (TN). The results of different case studies show that smart EVF scheduling does not only diminish the operational costs, but also helps the NMs’aggregator in reducing market price as a tactical price-setter.

Epidural abscess; a case report

Spinal epidural abscess is an infectious and debilitating disease of the spine requiring clinical diagnosis and early treatment including medical and surgical. Delay in proper action leads to irreversible neurological complications. In this study, a case with spinal epidural abscess was introduced that trying to help her with minimal spinal lesions and instability by surgery. In this study, it was shown that by making the right and quick decision to do surgery, it can prevent complications and achieve maximum improvement and satisfaction.

5-Year Arthroscopy-Free Survivorship and Outcomes of Adolescents Undergoing Primary Hip Arthroscopy: A Comparison Between Traumatic and Atraumatic Injuries

Background: There is a paucity of literature evaluating the outcomes of adolescent patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) with a discrete traumatic event related to an injury. Purpose: (1) To evaluate 5-year outcomes of adolescents undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAIS with traumatic injuries (TIs) and (2) to compare the traumatic group with a propensity-matched control group of patients with atraumatic injuries. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data were reviewed for all adolescent patients (<18 years) undergoing primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS with a TI between November 2008 and March 2015. Patients were included if they had preoperative and minimum 5-year follow-up outcomes for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Nonarthritic Hip Score, Hip Outcome Score–Sport Specific Subscale, and visual analog scale for pain. The Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), minimum clinically important difference (MCID), and maximum outcome improvement satisfaction threshold (MOIT) were also calculated for both groups. Adolescents with TI were propensity matched in a 1:2 ratio according to age at surgery, sex, and body mass index (BMI) to a control group of adolescents who reported atraumatic hip symptoms (AHSs). Survivorship was defined as having no secondary surgery on the ipsilateral hip. Results: A total of 31 patients (32 hips) with TI, out of 39 total patients (40 hips) (80%), were included with a mean follow-up time of 72.2 ± 24.1 months and age of 15.8 ± 1.3 years. The TI group demonstrated significant improvement in all patient-reported outcomes (PROs) (P < .001) and demonstrated high rates of MCID (78.3%) and PASS (91.3%) for the mHHS. When compared with a propensity-matched control group of 64 AHS hips (57 patients), the TI group demonstrated similar rates of improvement in all PROs, as well as rates of achieving the MCID, PASS, and MOIT for all PROs; however, the TI group demonstrated significantly higher revision rates compared with controls (28.1% vs 6.3%; P = .008). Conclusion: Adolescent patients with TIs undergoing hip arthroscopy demonstrated favorable outcomes for all PROs (P < .001) and achieved high rates of MCID (78.3%) and PASS (91.3%) for the mHHS. When compared with a propensity-matched control group of adolescents with atraumatic injuries undergoing hip arthroscopy, they achieved similar levels of improvement, postoperative scores, and clinical benefit thresholds; however, reoperation rates were higher in the TI group compared with controls.

Subjective assessment of vision quality by patients over 35 after excimer laser and orthokeratological correction of myopia according to a survey

Purpose: to analyze the results of a survey aimed at assessing the patients’satisfaction with the results of excimer laser or orthokeratological correction of myopia. Materials and methods. 135 patients aged 35 to 50 took part in a satisfaction survey: 105 after excimer laser and 30 after orthokeratological correction of myopia. Excimer laser surgery was performed with planned binocular hypocorrection within -0.75 — 1.5 D depending on age. To participate in the survey, the patients signed a preliminary consent. The questionnaire asked for age, gender, occupation, self-assessment of visual functions under a variety of conditions (vision at dusk, at close distance, at far distance, while driving a vehicle, etc.), self-assessment of satisfaction with the result. The questionnaire required to answer 15 questions on a multiplechoice basis. Results. Over 50 % of the patients have no difficulty working at close distance, at far distance, or when driving a vehicle, and do not restrict themselves in professional or everyday activities. More than 90 % of the patients would recommend excimer laser correction in binocular format with a planned hypo effect or orthokeratological correction to others. 125 out of 135 patients gave the maximum satisfaction score points. Conclusion: excimer laser correction of myopia with a planned hypoeffect in binocular format and orthokeratological correction can be recommended for patients over 35.

Optimal Planning of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Considering User Satisfaction and Charging Convenience

To solve the problem of layout design of charging stations in the early stage of the electric vehicle industry, the user’s satisfaction and the charging convenience are considered. An electric vehicle charging station site-selection model is established based on the kernel density analysis of the urban population. The goal of this model is maximum electric vehicle user satisfaction and the highest charging convenience. Then, according to model characteristics, the immune algorithm is designed and optimized to solve the model. The optimization of the immune algorithm includes two aspects. On the one aspect, judging that the stop condition is added in the mutation link. On the other aspect, two mutation operators are designed in the optimized immune algorithm. Finally, the simulation example is determined by a three-step method in Jinan City. The results show that the electric vehicle charging station site-selection model in this paper can better meet user needs compared with traditional models. Compared with the traditional immune algorithm, the convergence speed of the optimized immune algorithm is improved, and the proposed algorithm is superior to the traditional immune algorithm in terms of stability and accuracy.