Maximum Number Of Students Research Articles

Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety & Stress among First Year Students in Physiotherapy Colleges at Bangalore, India

Introduction: Physiotherapy students are important human resource in the field of heath. Detection of potential anxiety, stress and depression developed in them during first year of academics is crucial since anxiety and stress can lead to low productivity, low quality of life, and suicidal ideas. This study was conducted to find the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among first year students in Padmashree Institute of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka. Methodology: 105 students have been selected for the study purpose irrespective of age, sex and personal habits. A cross-sectional descriptive research design was used for this study. Standardized, semi-structured questionnaire named DASS 21 (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale) was used to collect data. Results: Among all 105 students; Depression – 41.9% were reported in normal category, 21.9% of them in moderate, 18.09% in mild, 10.47% in severe and 7.61% fall in extremely severe category. The anxiety scale reported 27.61% in normal, 23.8% in moderate, 20.95% are in extremely severe, 18.09% in severe and 9.52% of them have been under mild category. The study reported 55.23% normal cases of stress scale, 19.04% were in moderate, 13.33% in mild, 11.42% in severe and 0.95% case in extremely severe score. Conclusion: This study shows that the maximum number of students have raised level of anxiety and depression, whereas the number of students having increased stress are less in number.

Assessment of impact of nutritional status on pubertal development in adolescent girls of two senior secondary schools of Dehradun and to correct pubertal disorders by adolescent health counseling and adequate pharmacological intervention

Background: Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that occurs during the period from onset of puberty to adulthood. Adolescent nutrition is crucial for proper growth and development and a prerequisite for achieving full development potential. Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study were as follows: (1) To find out the gross nutritional status in girl students of two senior secondary schools in Dehradun, (2) to assess the level of pubertal development in them, (3) to find out correlation of nutritional status (body mass index, BMI) with pubertal development and physical activity, and (4) to do counseling on adolescent health and pharmacological intervention as needed. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken among 200 adolescent girls of two senior secondary schools of Dehradun. They were of 12-18 year age group studying in class VI to XII. The sample was selected by systematic random sampling Their physical examination (weight & height ) was done to calculate BMI & pubertal assessment was done by means of oral questionnaire and by showing Tanner charts. The corelation between BMI & onset of pubertal events was analyzed statistically by Chi-square test. Results: Body mass index was normal in 44%, low in 52% of students& high in 4%. On assessing pubertal events, menarche has occurred in 74% of students out of which maximum number of students attained menarche at age of 12 years followed by 13 years. Breast changes (thelarche) were present in 74.5% of students and pubic hair was present in 68% of students. A correlation was found between BMI and pubertal events. In girls with low BMI (underweight), menarche was present in 52.94% of cases, breast changes were in 52.94% of cases, regularity of periods in 42.59% of cases in girls with high BMI (overweight/obese), menarche was present in 91.66% of cases, breast changes were in 100% of cases, and regularity of periods in 36.36% of cases. Pallor was present in 37.5% of the total girls. Out of number of girls with normal weight, 80% had regular physical activity and girls with high BMI had very less regular physical activity. Conclusion: The study concluded that underweight, overweight, and anemia were the nutritional problems detected and there was a statistically significant correlation of BMI with onset of pubertal events. Those with low BMI had delayed puberty and those with high BMI had earlier onset of pubertal events. Hence, the need for correction of nutritional disorders with healthy diet, physical exercise, and clinical consultation was considered very crucial to solve the problems of early and delayed puberty. Hence, counseling the girls on adolescent’s health was encouraged in schools including imparting knowledge, nutritional education, and supplementation.

Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidities in School Going Adolescents in a Rural Block of Haryana

Background: Mental health problems have increased considerably among adolescents in the past 20-30 years. According to the present estimates by World Health Organization, mental illnesses are the leading causes of disability adjusted life years globally. Objectives: To find out prevalence of psychiatric disorders among school going adolescents and to find its association with socio demographic variables. Methods and Materials: It is a school based, rural community setting with cross-sectional design. Study was conducted in 600 students (300 males and 300 females) studying in class 8th to 12th. A pre-designed, pre-tested tool Symptom Checklist 90 Revised containing 90 items was used to screen these students. The global severity index (GSI) was used to measure the extent or depth of individual`s psychiatric disturbances. Descriptive statistics and chi square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was found to be 35%. It increased statistical significantly with age. Females had more problems as compared to males. Maximum number of students with psychiatric morbidity were from class 12 (43%) and class 10 (37%) and from upper middle class (34.5%) followed by middle class (35.3%). Conclusion: It is concluded that more than one-third (35%) of adolescents who were apparently healthy suffered from unnoticed mental health problems.

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of School Buildings in Seismic Zone 4 of Pakistan

Thick population density and its escalation propensity in seismically active regions of Pakistan has raised sincere concerns about the performance of building stock whose suboptimal performance and complete collapses led to a colossal number of casualties during the past earthquakes. The current research is inspired by the Kashmir earthquake of 2005 which consumed more than 80,000 lives, out of which, approximately 19,000 were children due to wide spread collapse of school buildings. A new database for existing reinforced concrete (RC) school buildings in seismic zone 4 of Pakistan has been developed using the surveyed information and presented briefly. The paper presents the statistics of the data collected through field surveys and professional interviews. It was found that the infrastructural authorities in the considered region developed some specific designs for school buildings, with varying architectural and structural configurations, which were eventually replicated throughout the area. In the current study, almost 2500 schools were surveyed for identifying versatile architectural and structural configurations, and subsequently, 19 different types had been identified, which were eventually used as representative stock for the schools in seismic zone 4 of Pakistan, Muzaffarabad district. The results of the study yield the brief of the collected data from the field and a consolidated methodology for establishing the analytical fragility relationships for one of the 19 structural configurations of the school buildings. A sample building from the collected data has been selected by considering the maximum number of students, and afterwards, the vulnerability is assessed by employing incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) which constitutes the presented methodology. Finally, the fragility curves are developed and presented for the said building type. The derived analytical fragility curves for the considered building type indicate its structural vulnerability and as a whole represent its satisfactory behavior. The vulnerability assessment process and the fragility development are described in an easy manner so that the domestic practicing engineers can readily become able to extend the application towards other school buildings in the region. The developed relationships can be employed for rational decision making so that essential disaster preparedness can be carried out by identifying any need for structural strengthening and interventions.

Investigating University Level Efl Undergraduate Learners’ Attitudes about Padlet: A Web-Based Digital Tool In Reading Classroom

The purpose of this mixed-method research was to assess the attitudes and perceptions of a sample of 21 University level Saudi Undergraduate EFL students at Majma University, Community College towards using Padlet as a collaborative web-based online digital tool in reading classroom. Participants were enrolled in reading introductory course. The research applied by the researcher was basically descriptive in nature and survey method for which students’ oriented set of questionnaire was designed. The questionnaire included 21 items related with respondents’ different categories of variable constructs on 5points likert scale. The research tools used for data collection were semi-structured interviews, researcher’s observation and a questionnaire. Data collected revealed that respondents indicated positive attitudes towards Padlet application in reading classroom. Maximum number of students enjoyed Padlet tool with great zeal. Furthermore, students valued the instructors’ feedback and peer discussion using Padlet.

Investigating University Level Efl Undergraduate Learners’ Attitudes about Padlet: A Web-Based Digital Tool In Reading Classroom

The purpose of this mixed-method research was to assess the attitudes and perceptions of a sample of 21 University level Saudi Undergraduate EFL students at Majma University, Community College towards using Padlet as a collaborative web-based online digital tool in the reading classroom. Participants were enrolled in reading introductory course. The research applied by the researcher was basically descriptive in nature and survey method for which students’ oriented set of questionnaire was designed. The questionnaire included 21 items related to respondents’ different categories of variable constructs on a 5points Likert scale. The research tools used for data collection were semi-structured interviews, researcher’s observation, and a questionnaire. Data collected revealed that respondents indicated positive attitudes towards Padlet application in the reading classroom. A maximum number of students enjoyed Padlet tool with great zeal. Furthermore, students valued the instructors’ feedback and peer discussion using Padlet.

STUDENTS PERCEPTION ON ACTIVE LEARNING: PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS

The intention of educational authorities in different level is to implement active learning in Educational institutions including higher education institutions. Consequently, the need for this research was to examine the Practice and challenges of active learning: practical implications in Gambella University. The objective of researcher to undertake this research was to identify whether his on the right track in his teaching and to examine the practice and challenges of active learning practical implication. In order to achieve the objectives of the action research, the researcher has collected primary data directly from the class students to obtain tangible data from respondents. The researcher used questionnaire to collect quantitative data from 30 students which incorporates 50% of the class. The researcher was used both close-ended and open-ended questionnaire for this study. Since there is no previous research study conducted concerning the practices and challenges of active learning in the under consideration, the proportion of a target population was taken from 3rd year management department students. The finding depicts that most of students are not interested in active learning method, Students are in high satisfaction in their existing entrepreneurship learning, The respondents are very interesting in individual learning rather than group or cooperative learning, Most of students are interested in lecture method learning maximum number of students were agree that the existing lecture speed of presentation was fast, More than half of the respondents were agree that the existing way of teaching entrepreneurship was understandable. And Maximum number of students were agreed that the existing evaluation technique can measure students’ performance.

Investigating University Level Efl Undergraduate Learners’ Attitudes about Padlet: A Web-Based Digital Tool In Reading Classroom

The purpose of this mixed-method research was to assess the attitudes and perceptions of a sample of 21 University level Saudi Undergraduate EFL students at Majma University, Community College towards using Padlet as a collaborative web-based online digital tool in the reading classroom. Participants were enrolled in reading introductory course. The research applied by the researcher was basically descriptive in nature and survey method for which students’ oriented set of questionnaire was designed. The questionnaire included 21 items related to respondents’ different categories of variable constructs on a 5points Likert scale. The research tools used for data collection were semi-structured interviews, researcher’s observation, and a questionnaire. Data collected revealed that respondents indicated positive attitudes towards Padlet application in the reading classroom. A maximum number of students enjoyed Padlet tool with great zeal. Furthermore, students valued the instructors’ feedback and peer discussion using Padlet.

EFFICIENT COURSE AND EXAM SCHEDULING USING GRAPH COLORING

Graphs are discrete structures composed of vertices and edges connecting these vertices. Graphs are used in almost all disciplines as abstract models for the representation and study of a wide range of relations and processes in physical, biological, social and information systems. Many practical problems in a variety of areas like computer and communication networks, social networks, transportation networks, cellular networks, linguistics, chemistry, physics, biology can be represented and studied by graphs. Real-world entities - like molecules, persons, groups, roles, species, computing and communication devices, terms - correspond to vertices. Relations among such entities - like preference, domination, independence, interference, proximity, constraints - imply the existence of edges between corresponding vertices. Thus, focusing on the abstract graph model instead of studying each particular instance as a different real-world problem reveals common underlying properties, deficiencies and principles. In this way, efficient approaches to real-world problems emerge from the theoretical study of their abstractions. In this work, we use graph coloring to propose efficient solutions to scheduling problems arising in higher education. The objective of the graph coloring problem is to assign colors to graph vertices so that adjacent vertices, i.e., vertices connected by an edge, receive different colors. We consider as the objective of scheduling problems in higher education, like lecture and exam scheduling, to assign time/day slots to teaching or examination activities so that the maximum number of students can attend them with the fewest possible conflicts. Our main motivation has been the crucial issue of efficient course and exam schedules often arising in departments of the University of Patras, Greece. Students usually have to attend lectures or exams scheduled in overlapping or simultaneous time slots. However, course and exam schedules are created based on heuristic approaches which may work well on average but certainly leave several room for improvement. What if a graph-theoretic approach were used? Courses correspond to vertices of a graph and there is an edge between two vertices if and only if an appropriately selected minimum population of students attends corresponding courses (lectures/exams). Then, a coloring of such an underlying graph suggests an appropriate schedule for teaching/examination activities. Using a simple coloring algorithm and the MATLAB programming environment, we have designed and developed a scheduling application which receives as input courses and constraints and outputs an efficient lecture/examination schedule. Experimental evaluation suggests that our application works well in practice. Ongoing work focuses on the use of a more involved coloring algorithm for addressing more complex course scheduling instances while minimizing required time resources.

Enrolment pattern and Profile of Scheduled Caste Girl Students

<div><p><em>Half of the scheduled caste (SC) girl students were in the age group of 16-18 years followed by 33.0 per cent who were above 18 years of age and the age of remaining 17.0 per cent students was between 13-15 years. Maximum number of students were Haijans (34.0%) followed by dhanak (27.0%), balmiki (13.0%), odd (11.0%) and khatik (10.0%); and majbhi sikh & bajigar caste respondents were less than five percent (3.0% and 2.0%, respectively). Majority of them were from joint families (78.0 %) with family size between 6-8 members (71.0%) and aspired to be graduate ( 52.0 %) and be in teaching profession (37%). Average number of siblings of the respondents was 2.48 wherein girls outnumbered boys. Illiteracy rate among their female sibling (6.9%) was more than two times higher than male siblings (2.8 %).<strong> </strong>Their mothers were home makers (48.0%) and fathers were labour (53.0%) in maximum number of cases. Majority (69.0%) of the SC girl students were from landless families. </em></p></div>

Knowledge regarding prescription of drugs among dental students: A descriptive study.

Introduction:The act of indicating one or more drugs to be taken by the patient, its dosage, and the interval of the treatment is known as prescribing. It is a dynamic and individualized clinical process. Cultural, social, economic and promotional factors can influence the pattern of prescription. Thus the present study was conducted to evaluate the drug prescription knowledge in third year and final year dental students at Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.Methodology:A questionnaire consisting of 10 open-ended questions was used in a study which was conducted among 170 male and female, third year and final year dental students of Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre. Tables and graphs were used to represent data.Results:Pain was found to be the most important reason for prescribing medication. Diclofenac was found to be the most commonly prescribed NSAID. While amoxicillin was found to be the most widely prescribed antibiotic. Lack of knowledge about drug posology was the basic reason for error done by students. Maximum number of students gets their information for prescribing drugs from their professors. Maximum number of students was unacquainted about the WHO Guide to Good Prescribing.Conclusion:The knowledge of prescribing drugs is of utmost need for good dental practice and hence, it is essential to expand the knowledge related to pharmacological therapy and to know about the proper therapeutic guidelines. With the help of WHO Guide to Good Prescribing, and some educational programs students will develop better prescribing skills.

Experimental Measurements of Effects of Occupancy Class on Reverberation Time

Experimental measurements have been focused on the issue of change in reverberation time T20 and T30 (s) in a selected room (classroom) due to its occupancy by persons (students) and changes in reverberation time T20 and T30 (s) as a result of the excitation signal during measurement. Reverberation time was measured in a standard room at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Slovak Technical University in Bratislava (classroom B318) by the use of NORSONIC (NORSONIC NOR 280 amplifier, an omnidirectional sound source - NORSONIC NOR 270, NORSONIC TYPE 118, and microphone and preamplifier). The room (classroom B318) was selected as a model classroom in terms of its dimensions, i.e. volume (225 m3), arrangement of furniture, and maximum number of students during standard lectures (up to 24 people). The main task of this study was the inter-comparison of measurement results of reverberation times T20 and T30 (s), with regard to room occupancy of students (100%, 50%, 0%), the position of students (sitting and standing), and the excitation signal (pink noise, white noise, impulse - bursting of an inflated balloon).

Knowledge and practice of substance abuse among the adolescent group-A descriptive study

Substance abuse among adolescents has become a worldwide challenge and also an important public health problem. The prevalence rate of drug abuse is highest among young adolescents and young adults. There is need for interventions for the substance abuse problem. A descriptive study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practice of substance abuse among the adolescent Group in a selected college of BBSR, Odisha. The study includes 100 adolescents having 15–20 years of age. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to collect data. It was found that more number of adolescent boys were taking substances to reduce their tension, anxiety. Students started taking drugs and alcohol by watching their parents, by exposure through TV, or by peer pressure. Maximum number of students was strongly agree with the prevention and treatment of substance abuse. Health education is an important strategy for those groups to prevent and control drug abuse. Parents, educators, and peer group have an important role to counsel and educate the adolescents once they are dependent on substances.

A Successful Cooperation between Academia and Industry in Higher Rail Education: The Postgraduate Course in “Railway Infrastructure and Systems Engineering” at Sapienza

The aim of this paper is to describe the postgraduate course in “Railway Infrastructure and Systems Engineering” at the University of Rome “La Sapienza”, funded by rail companies operating in Italy. It represents a successful example of cooperation between academia and industry in the field of railway transport. The success of the program is attested by its placement (the 90% of the graduates find an employment within six months in the companies which support the course; this percentage reached the 98% in the last three editions) and by the fact that every year it receives many more applications (almost 400 last year) than the maximum number of students that can attend the course (30). The main factors that make this course successful are its multidisciplinary training and the very close collaboration between the University and partner companies. In fact, the program of each module is designed both by academics and by managers of the companies in order to ensure an up-to-date teaching, which provides both the academic and the industrial point of view of any rail subject; this enables students to obtain a complete vision of the railway system, so to be able to work in any of the partner companies.

STUDY OF THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF FORMALDEHYDE VAPOURS WITHIN THE DISSECTION HALL ON THE FIRST YEAR INDIAN MEDICAL STUDENTS

Address for Correspondence: Dr Surajit Kundu, Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy. Govt. Medical College, Raigarh (CG State) Pin: 496001. India. Ph: +918827264640. E-Mail: dr.surajitkundu@rediffmail.com *1 Assistant Professor, 2 Professor and HOD. Department of Anatomy, Govt. Medical College, Raigarh. (CG State)-496001. India. Introduction: Formaldehyde has been used since decades as a time tested embalming fluid material either alone or in mixture with methyl alcohol, thymol crystals, glycerin and water. We in Medical College, Raigarh use 37% formaldehyde, 7% methyl alcohol and the remaining water to prepare embalming solution for cadavers. The concentration of formaldehyde is usually expressed in terms of parts per million (1 ppm= 1.248 mg/cu.m.). Vapours emanating out of the cadavers within the dissection hall is a potential source of health hazard for all medical professionals, student, faculty or technicians. The discomfort includes irritation to the mucous membrane of the nose, respiratory tract, eyes and also causes allergic reaction of the skin. Materials and Methods: Keeping track of the unconsciously caused complaints, we made a sincere attempt to chalk out the effects of formaldehyde fumes on 100 first MBBS students of Medical College, Raigarh (C.G) as they are virgin in terms of formalin exposure. Results: The obtained results were quite dramatic. Maximum number of students was positive as among the various symptoms described. Discussion: Medical students during their dissection course are exposed to formaldehyde, whose exposure is recently considered to be one of the causes of multiple chemical sensitivity. The present study broadly reflects the toxic effects over the first MBBS Indian medical students Conclusion: The presentation also recommends possible methods for reduction of formalin exposure so that the medical students can enter the dissection hall without any mental tension of toxicity of formalin vapours.

Hoarseness and Risk Factors in University Teachers

To characterize the presence of hoarseness and the risk factors in male and female university teachers in private institutions in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Cross-sectional survey. Voice self-evaluation forms prepared by the Brazilian Ministry of Labor were administered to 846 university teachers in a private institution in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Prevalence of hoarseness in the sample is 39.6%. Percentage of hoarseness is higher in females (51.8%) than in males (32.6%). Comparing hoarseness and time of teaching, it was observed that the percentage of hoarseness is lower in a time shorter or equal to 1year, and it is higher in a time between 10 and 20years. Percentage of hoarseness is lower in the maximum workload of one to three class hours per day compared with the other workloads. Percentage of hoarseness is lower when the maximum number of students per classroom is less than 30 than when it is between 101 and 150 students. Other factors like in terms of noise and sound competition, air pollution, and in terms of causing stress and anxiety, besides habits and style/quality of life are related to the presence of hoarseness. University teachers show high percentage of hoarseness. Factors, such as time of teaching, females, work organization, workplace, in terms of noise and sound competition, air pollution, and in terms of causing stress and anxiety, besides habits and style/quality of life, are related to the presence of hoarseness in this group.

School and Qualitative Educational Services - as a Key for a Stable Social Development

In this article it will be treated and analyzed the problem of narcotic drugs in Albanian society during the years of transition from the point of view of the general forming, through education and social contribution. School has a primer role, especially in this moments, when Albania is about to be integrated in European Union. We tend to educate a formed society with future stable progress to be integrated with dignity in the European society. It should be stressed that we still have a group of student who tend to have unstable attitudes, which we see as an opportunity for a future society with stable attitudes through education in our institutions. At this point, school as a specialized educational and formed institution, should take the responsibilities and insure that a maximum number of students will not be part of the victims, abusing with narcotic drugs. This requires the sensible of the entire society for the long and difficult battle against drug abusing. Some of the most problematic issues that threaten our society are: exposure to alcohol, smoking, and narcotic drug abusing; modern attitude through clothing, behavior group part; tendency or a dissolution to sexual life; schools drop out without having the right educational level; low level of education brings social distortion. Facing different type of pressures in their life, most of the case youth do not know which place they belong to or are part of. Some of the cases where students feel to have failed are those areas they tend to be part of, but in relation to their peers they feel like being less superior than other ones. As a conclusion, we suggest that school should aim and offer educational services that tend to be effective and successful for students education with a qualitative future citizens in a democratic society. Data collection and analysis will take place on the development of the material. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v4n1s1p165

Predictors of prevalence of overweight and obesity in children

Introduction: The world health report in 2002 demonstrated a rise in prevalence in noncommunicable diseases in developing countries such as India. The prevalence of becoming overweight among children has markedly increased over the past 20 years. Body mass index is the most widely used parameter to define obesity. This study was conducted with the aim to find the association in children of higher socioeconomic status who are battling overweight or obesity as a problem and studying in private schools in West Delhi. Materials and Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in two private schools in Delhi, India, during school hours from July 2013 to June 2014. Students of age group 10–18 years studying in Class VI to XIIth were included in this study. Children with a history of chronic illness were excluded from the study. Results: This study enrolled a total of 1250 students. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in two private schools in Delhi, India. Seven hundred and fifteen (57.2%) were males and 535 (42.8%) were females. A maximum number of students (254, 20.3%) were in the category of 11-year age group. In all categories of age groups, male children were more than female children except in 17–18-year age group. Prevalence of overweight children was 11.8% and obese children was 7.5%. Overweight children were maximum in 11-year age group (20.1%) and minimum in 17-year age group (5.3%). While prevalence of obesity was maximum in 18-year age group (15%) and minimum in 15 years of age group (3.2%). Incidence of overweight was more in males (56.5%) than females (43.5%). Obesity was also more in male children than female children. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a higher prevalence among overweight (11.8%) children compared to children who are obese (7.5%). Junk food consumption, dietary habits, sedentary lifestyle of using technology as entertainment, and easy modes of transport to school are perhaps the contributors to give rise to the higher prevalence of health issues in these children. The results of this study can be applicable to similar future studies. Health education regarding prevention of obesity and its risk factors leading to mortality should be included in the curriculum in all schools. Regular health awareness program for parents and children should be conducted from time to time to assess healthier lifestyle motivation among city living population.

Tutorials as a teaching-learning method in pre-clinical sciences: Stakeholders′ assessment

Introduction: A tutorial is a class conducted by a tutor for one or a small number of students. Varied perspectives of different academicians about tutorials exist, which range from high effectivity to not-so-effective teacher-centered learning methods in which students are passive. But the perceptions of stakeholders (students, teachers) may vary as per their experience. This study was undertaken to determine the perception and acceptance of tutorial as teaching-learning method in preclinical sciences from the view of stakeholders. Methods: This was a descriptive survey where perceptions of second year MBBS students and teachers from the preclinical phase were collected using prevalidated questionnaires. Thematic areas that emerged were further explored through separate focus group discussions of students and tutors. Results: Maximum number of students were satisfied with the duration of tutorial sessions. But students opined that there was inadequate interaction; size of the group was not optimal, and tutorials did not help much in improving communication skills, confidence, and self-motivation. On the other hand, teachers narrated that students did not participate, prepare well or interact in tutorials. Conclusions: The current method of conducting tutorials did not meet the expectations of students and teachers and left them largely dissatisfied.

Attitude, Awareness and Usage Skills of Computer and Internet among Medical Students

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the pattern of computer and internet use among the undergraduate medical students of S.V.Medical College, Tirupati. Methods: 180 first year medical students participated in the study. A questionnaire was designed to know their level of computer and internet usage skills. Results: Maximum number of students was aged 18 with 60% females. Among the users, 88.3% have own computer at home and majority are using it for entertainment. 68.89% have average computer skill and majority use internet daily or every alternate day. Majority (78.89%) is satisfied with computer assisted teaching and many would like to have short training courses for acquiring computer knowledge in their institution. Conclusion: The study shows that majority of medical students had experience with computer and internet, but the frequency, pattern and purpose of use is variable. More facilities should be available to the students regarding computer and internet for better utilization of internet resources.