Phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Matricaria chamomilla ethanolic extracts against clinical bacterial isolates in Ibb City, Yemen.

AI fragment based optimization of saffron and chamomile phytochemicals as aryl hydrocarbon receptor inhibitors for dementia therapy an integrated computational approach.

Knowledge related to the use of plants and mushrooms in the Baranja region of Croatia was documented through semi-structured interviews of 105 informants in 12 villages. We found 117 plant species and 7 mushrooms with medicinal uses. Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, and Asteraceae were the families with the most species, while Sambucus nigra, Chamomilla recutita, and Taraxacum officinale were the most frequently mentioned species. Leaves, fruits, and flowers were the most commonly used plant parts, predominantly prepared as infusions, syrups, and tinctures. Plants were mainly used to treat digestive and respiratory ailments, with the highest informant consensus recorded for ear, eye, and respiratory disorders. The results emphasize the persistence of rich ethnobotanical knowledge in the study area and highlight the importance of preserving this cultural and biological heritage for future generations.

Alleviation of adverse effects associated with α-glucosidase inhibitors by Ocimum basilicum L., Matricaria chamomilla L., and Salvia officinalis L. reveals novel selective inhibition of Bacillus α-glucosidase by acarbose.

This study aimed to characterize ethnobotanical knowledge regarding medicinal plants in the canton of Pujilí, Ecuador, using a mixed-methods approach that integrated quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Surveys were administered to one hundred key informants, and field trips were conducted to collect and identify species. The analysis incorporated the Index of Cultural Significance and the Informant Consensus Factor, alongside statistical tests to evaluate sociodemographic variations. Sixty-four medicinal species were documented, with Matricaria chamomilla and Tilia platyphyllos showing the highest cultural significance. Knowledge showed a high degree of consensus for treating gastrointestinal ailments, pain, and infections. The analyses revealed that this knowledge is significantly concentrated among older individuals, women, and rural residents, whereas a higher level of formal education was associated with reduced traditional knowledge. These results evidence a process of erosion of ancestral knowledge and underscore the necessity of developing safeguarding strategies that prioritize intergenerational transmission and the integration of this knowledge into educational and biocultural conservation programs.

NiO-SnO2 nanocomposite as an adsorbent for the preconcentration of manganese ions in chamomile tea extract.

Overcoming multi-Antifungal resistance in genetically characterized Candida albicans using Matricaria chamomilla L. extract with antineoplastic activity

Anti-biofilm potential of Matricaria chamomilla against tetra species representative gut commensals.

Purpose: In this study, the in vitro regeneration potential of Matricaria recutita L., a medicinal and aromatic plant, was investigated Method: Six different sterilization processes were tested to determine the sterilization protocol of capitulum explants isolated from plants grown under field conditions. For regeneration studies, plant growth regulators BAP (0.5-1-2 mg/L) and NAA (0-0.5-1-2 mg/L); KIN (0.5-1-2 mg/L) and 2.4-D (0-0.5 mg/L) were applied to capitulum explants at 24 different concentrations and combinations. Findings: In the experiments carried out for sterilization purposes, the best results were obtained in 70% ethanol for 3 minutes, in 30% NaOCl for 10 minutes and in 1% AgNO3 for 20 minutes. The best shoot lengths were determined as 3.02 and 3.00 cm in MS nutrient medium containing 0.5 mg/L BAP+0.5 mg/L NAA and 0.5 mg/L BAP+2 mg/L NAA, respectively; the best shoot number per explant was determined as 23.91 and 18.29 in MS nutrient medium containing 0.5 mg/L BAP+0.5 mg/L NAA and 0.5 mg/L BAP+2 mg/L NAA plant growth regulators, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results obtained from in vitro regeneration studies, in terms of the applied plant growth regulator combinations, BAP and NAA gave more successful results than KIN and 2.4-D applications

The skin represents a complex ecosystem where host cells and microbiota coexist in dynamic equilibrium. Disruption of this balance contributes to inflammation and diseases, while natural compounds may help restore it. For centuries, marigold and chamomile have been among the most valued medicinal plants in traditional herbal medicine, widely used for treating wounds, skin inflammation, and irritations. Their long-standing therapeutic reputation is supported by rich phytochemical profiles – triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids in marigold, and sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and coumarins in chamomile – known to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and soothing effects. In this study, Calendula officinalis and Matricaria recutita flower extracts’ effects were investigated on human skin microbiota and dermal cells. Both extracts remained chemically stable under microbial exposure and did not generate new metabolites, highlighting resistance to microbial metabolism. Neither extract disrupted community structure; instead, they selectively modulated microbial taxa, decreasing potentially pro-inflammatory families (Staphylococcaceae, Corynebacteriaceae, and Enterococcaceae) and enriching the Bacillales and Bacillaceae families. On the cellular level, at ≤250 µg/mL, both extracts were biocompatible with fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Marigold flower extract showed no significant anti-inflammatory effect in keratinocytes, as IL-6 and IL-8 secretion remained comparable to the stimulated control. In contrast, Chamomile flower extract markedly reduced IL-6 levels in a dose-dependent manner, with moderate effects on IL-8. In fibroblasts, both extracts had strong suppression of IL-6 and IL-8 at higher concentrations. These findings reveal a dual mechanism – direct cellular modulation and indirect microbiota-mediated rebalancing-supporting the traditional therapeutic efficacy of C. officinalis and M. recutita in skin health.

Depression, a common psychiatric condition, is frequently associated with chronic stress. This research investigates the therapeutic benefit of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) against restraint stress (RS)-induced behavioral and neurobiological alterations in male mice. Animals were categorized into control, RS, and RS + chamomile (Cm) groups. Behavioral evaluation (open field, rotarod, catalepsy, memory test), histopathology, integrity of the blood-brain barrier, and gene expression profiling were done. In silico ProTox analysis confirmed the non-toxicity of chamomile compounds, including chamazulene, which also complies with Lipinski's Rule of Five, indicating drug-like properties. Molecular docking identified robust interactions between chamazulene and prominent stress-related and other relevant targets like IFN-γ, IL-6, caspase-3, BDNF, and GLUT-1. RS exposure interfered with locomotor activity, evoked neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and compromised neuronal-glial function. Treatment with chamomile greatly enhanced locomotor function and posture, decreased catalepsy latency test, and normalized neuronal architecture. Immunofluorescence staining and transcriptional analysis indicated that chamomile suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6), the apoptotic marker Caspase-3, and increased neurotrophic and neuronal markers (BDNF, NeuN, GFAP) and glycolytic enzymes (GLUT-1, HK-1, LDHA). These results indicate that chamomile has neuroprotective actions by regulating RS-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and metabolic dysfunction. Although no remarkable effects were seen on body or brain-to-body weight ratio, chamomile exhibited powerful behavioral and molecular effects. Overall, the results highlight chamomile, particularly its active constituent chamazulene, as a promising candidate for alleviating restraint stress. However, further clinical validation is required to establish its therapeutic potential in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), a widely recognized medicinal plant, was investigated for its chemical composition, functional properties, and molecular characterization, focusing on samples cultivated in the Taounate region of Morocco. Essential oil (EO) was extracted using a Clevenger apparatus, and GC/MS analysis identified 26 compounds, with germacrene (19.46%), α-curcumene (19.00%), and caprinic acid (15.81%) as the major components. The EO exhibited significant antioxidant activity, with an IC50 of 456.57 µg/mL against the DPPH radical. It demonstrated strong antibacterial effects, particularly against E. coli, with an inhibition zone of 21.50 ± 0.50 mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 20.00 µg/mL. Antifungal activity was also notable, inhibiting Aspergillus niger by 31.19 ± 0.00 mm. In fumigation tests, the EO caused 100% insect mortality at 16 µL/L after 72 h, with an LC50 of 1.86 µL/L of air, and showed a 55% repellency rate at 12 µL/cm². DNA sequencing confirmed a 99.22% similarity with Matricaria chamomilla var. recutita (L.). Furthermore, molecular docking analysis revealed strong binding affinities between the major compounds of EO-MC and key microbial and antioxidant target proteins, supporting the observed biological activities. These results highlight the EO’s antioxidant, antimicrobial, and insecticidal properties, with molecular docking analyses providing further mechanistic support. These biological activities suggest potential applications as natural food preservatives, antimicrobial agents, and plant-derived biopesticides.

The COVID-19 pandemic has renewed global interest in medicinal plants as accessible sources of prophylactic and supportive therapies. Ethnobotanical research provides an important foundation for developing plant-based medicines with preventive and therapeutic potential. This study aimed (1) to investigate the distribution and indications for the use of medicinal plants in the prevention and relief of COVID-19-related symptoms among the Bulgarian population, and (2) to identify culturally significant species with potential for further development as antiviral agents. A total of 513 respondents from different regions and demographic groups in Bulgaria were interviewed. Their knowledge regarding the use of medicinal plants for COVID-19 prevention or treatment was quantitatively assessed using ethnobotanical indices: relative frequency of citation (RFC), informant consensus factor (FIC), fidelity level (FL), and use value (UV). Participants reported 45 species belonging to 43 genera and 23 families. The highest RFC and UVs were recorded for Matricaria chamomilla L., Tilia sp., Thymus vulgaris L., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Mentha sp., Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck, Rosa canina L., and Sideritis scardica Griseb. Culturally significant species identified were Thymus vulgaris L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Tilia sp., Mentha sp., Sideritis scardica Griseb, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, and Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck. This ethnobotanical survey in Bulgaria documents culturally important medicinal plants that may have potential applications in prophylaxis and complementary therapy for COVID-19.

Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is a common and distressing complication of cancer treatment, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.), known for its anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties, may offer a natural and accessible preventive option. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a chamomile infusion mouthwash in preventing OM among chemotherapy-naïve patients. A prospective cohort study included 72 patients initiating chemotherapy. Participants were allocated to two groups: one using a chamomile mouthwash (standardized infusion, three times daily) and a control group with no mouthwash. OM severity was assessed on day 21 using the WHO oral mucositis grading scale. Multivariate analysis identified independent protective factors. The incidence of OM was significantly lower in the chamomile group (5.4%) compared to controls (26.5%, p = 0.016). No severe cases (grade ≥3) occurred in the chamomile group. Multivariate analysis confirmed chamomile mouthwash as an independent protective factor (aOR = 0.184; 95% CI: 0.036-0.941; p = 0.042). Chamomile mouthwash is a simple, well-tolerated, and cost-effective intervention for preventing OM in patients receiving chemotherapy. These findings support its potential role in supportive cancer care. Further randomized controlled trials are warranted to validate these results and optimize administration protocols.

DXS, DXR, and HMGR genes play important role in the sesquiterpenoid synthetic pathway in the medicinal herb, Matricaria chamomilla L.

Green synthesis of multifunctional Ag/SeO2 and Ag/SeO2-chitosan nanocomposites derived from Matricaria chamomilla (L.) extract: A promising platform for natural product delivery and antimicrobial applications

Abstract Some plants exert allelopathic effects on the seed germination of other plants, indicating their impact on ecological sustainability, agricultural practices, and weed management. This study investigated the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts prepared from walnut green husk, eucalyptus leaves, and pomegranate peels at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15%, on the germination characteristics of four weed species, namely wild chamomile ( Matricaria chamomilla L.), lesser canary grass ( Phalaris minor Retz.), wild vetch ( Vicia angustifolia L.) and Bermuda grass ( Cynodon dactylon L.). The parameters investigated were germination percentage (G%), mean germination time (MGT, days), coefficient of variation of germination velocity (CVG%), and germination rate index (GRI, seed day -1 ). A factorial completely randomized design (CRD) was employed to identify statistical differences among groups for the aforementioned parameters. The means of each comparison were compared using Duncan’s multiple range test at a significance level of 0.01. The species Phalaris minor was more affected by the plant extracts, resulting in the lowest seed germination rate (32.22%), while Vicia angustifolia was less affected, with a germination rate of 40.28%. The extract from walnut green husk had a greater impact on germination parameters, with the lowest germination rate (27.08%), whereas the extract from pomegranate peels had a lesser effect (41.88%). The effects of the plant extract increased in a dose-dependent manner. This outcome demonstrates the potential role of the plant extract in inhibiting the germination of weed seeds, highlighting its value as a good alternative to chemical control. Additionally, their use demonstrates an eco-friendly attitude towards environmental protection.

Multifunctional carboxymethylcellulose-based nanogel containing Matricaria chamomilla essential oil: A practical approach to combating skin aging in rats.

Introduction: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by the occurrence of recurrent seizures, affecting a substantial portion of the global population. Despite significant progress in the development of antiepileptic drugs and various surgical interventions, many patients continue to seek alternative therapeutic modalities. This trend is often attributed to complications, such as drug resistance and the adverse effects associated with conventional treatments. Methodology: The present review systematically examines bioactive compounds derived from prominent species within the Asteraceae family, including but not limited to Tanacetum parthenium, Artemisia absinthium, and Matricaria chamomilla. An exploration of the mechanisms underlying their actions was also conducted, focusing on their roles in modulating neuronal excitability, enhancing GABAergic activity, and alleviating oxidative stress. Results and Discussions: The therapeutic efficacy of plants belonging to the Asteraceae family in the management of epilepsy was explored, emphasizing their neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, and anti-inflammatory properties, which may offer viable adjunctive options for patients by modulating neuronal activity, enhancing GABAergic function, and reducing oxidative stress. Conclusion: The potential of Asteraceae species as adjunctive therapies for epilepsy is supported by preliminary findings. Future investigations should prioritize clinical trials and the establishment of standardized protocols to facilitate the integration of these herbal interventions into contemporary epilepsy treatment paradigms.

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders associated with increased gastric acid secretion, such as gastroesophageal reflux, dyspepsia, bloating, and abdominal pain, significantly impair quality of life and present a substantial healthcare burden. Conventional therapies may have limited efficacy or undesirable side effects, underscoring the need for safe complementary approaches. This study systematically identifies and reviews the medicinal plants used in food supplements (FSs) marketed in Latvia for digestive health, focusing on the conditions linked to excess gastric acid. Methods: A structured literature search was conducted to identify European plant species with proven protective effects on the digestive system or the ability to influence gastric acid levels. A market analysis was performed using the Latvian Food and Veterinary Service FS Register. Results: A total of 218 FS-containing medicinal plants were identified, of which 15 species were included in at least ten products. The most frequently used plants were peppermint (Mentha piperita), artichoke (Cynara cardunculus), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Milk thistle (Silybum marianum), dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), psyllium (Plantago ovata), licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), caraway (Carum carvi), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), and chicory (Cichorium intybus). Label claims most often referred to supporting digestion, relieving bloating, and maintaining normal GI function. However, the majority of claims lacked robust clinical substantiation, and were based primarily on traditional use. Discrepancies between product information and available scientific evidence highlight regulatory and consumer protection challenges. Conclusions: This work contributes to the critical evaluation of plant-based FSs for digestive health, emphasizing the need for standardized preparations, harmonized health claim assessment, and further clinical research to establish efficacy and safety.