Mathematics In Natural Sciences Research Articles

Decision Support System for Selection of Outstanding Students at the Faculty of Mathematics in Natural Sciences at the University of Yogyakarta with AHP and TOPSIS Methods

Yogyakarta State University (UNY) annually holds the selection of outstanding students for the Bachelor (S1) program, namely students who have achieved high achievements, both curricular, co-curricular, and extra-curricular according to the specified criteria. To assist in determining the winners of outstanding students, a Decision Support System (SPK) is needed that is able to provide alternative solutions. The method used in the SPK for the Selection of Outstanding Students uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for weighting the criteria and the Technique For Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to find the winning solution. The design of the SPK for the Selection of Outstanding Students uses the Waterfall model. The output of the system is presented in the form of calculation results of AHP and TOPSIS which can be considered further by decision makers. SPK is built based on a website designed using Sublime software (text editor), Database Management System (DBMS) MySQL Xampp 7 and PHP programming language. The DSS is tested on users and experts. Based on the test, the results show that Correctness is included in very good criteria, Reliability is included in very good criteria, Integrity is included in very good criteria, Usability is included in good criteria, meaning that SPK can meet user needs, such as assisting the registration process, judging and processing data for election participants the most oustanding student. SPK can display information according to user input correctly. Instructions for using DSS help users. SPK is safe from unauthorized parties. The appearance of the SPK is attractive and easy to use.

The role of nature and brain in demystifying the “unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics”

ABSTRACTIn 1960, Eugene P. Wigner shared his observation of the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in formulating regularities in nature. Later, Jean Piaget recognized the functioning of the living organism as a source of harmony between mathematics and nature. However, not only did Piaget not demonstrate how more advanced mathematics could be linked to natural behavior, the unique functional feature of human behavior was absent in his explanation of its ultimate outcome (i.e. mathematics). The present analysis proposes that the effectiveness of mathematics seems puzzling because of the apparent disconnection between nature, the characteristics of the human brain and behavior, and the properties of mathematical constructs. The behavior of humans and other animals (i.e. rodents) will be the basis of comparison to meet the objective of the analysis in demystifying the effectiveness of mathematics in natural sciences by (1) showing the potential natural roots of some mathematical constructs in the organization of behavior with some specific examples in mathematics, (2) demonstrating a mechanism for the construction of mathematical reasoning as well as for the invention of mathematical constructs, and (3) discussing how mathematics seems disconnected from nature as a result of mathematical inventions guided by the symmetry principle.

Logic as Reasoning: On the Government of Logic and Mathematics

It is a widespread thought that the usefulness of Logic and Mathematics in natural sciences portends something about the material world — that the material world is structured by (or anyway compliant with strictures or constraints laid down by) these formal disciplines. Contrary to that thought, this paper argues that Logic (and by extension mathematics too) has no import whatsoever for the material world. Equally, the material world is neutral vis-a-vis matters of logic and mathematics. The fundamental connection is merely that logic (and mathematics too) render thought about the material world possible. The arguments of this essay will be directly opposed to those of Gila Sher, although there is much to agree with in her views. Built upon principles of Phenomenology, the analysis of Logical truth that will emerge here will be analogous to H.L.A. Hart’s analysis of legal authority; it too will invoke the idea of a rule of recognition.

L'efficacité des mathématiques est-elle déraisonnable

The aim of this paper is to analyse the problem of the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in natural sciences. We try to identify the possible roots of the problem. We study the limits of its classical solutions from Plato to Piaget , taking into account the features of the very recent interactions between physics and mathematics. Finally we give our own hypothesis based on a comparison between the constitution of a percept and the process of generating deep mathematics.

Measurement: The theory of numerical assignments.

In this article we review some generalizations of classical theories of measurement for concatenation (e.g., mass or length) and conjoint structures (e.g., momentum of mass-velocity pairs or loudness of intensity-frequency pairs). The earlier results on additive representations are briefly surveyed. Generalizations to nonadditive structures are outlined, and their more complex uniqueness results are described. The latter leads to a definition of scale type in terms of symmetries (automorphisms) of underlying qualitative structure. The major result is that for any measurement onto real numbers, only three possible scale types exist that are both rich in symmetries but not too redundant: ratio, interval, and another lying between them. The possible numerical representations for concatenation structures corresponding to these scale types are completely described. The interval scale case leads to a generalization of subjective expected-utility theory that copes with some empirical violations of classical theory. Partial attempts to axiomatize concatenation structures of these three scale types are described. Such structures are of interest because they make clear that there is a rich class of nonadditive concatenation and conjoint structures with representations of same scale types as those used in physics. Many scientists and philosophers are well aware of what physicist E. P. Wigner in 1960 called the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in natural sciences. Some, like Wigner, have remarked on it; a few, like ancient philosopher Pythagoras (c. 582-500 B.C.) have tried to explain it. Today as throughout much of history, it is still considered a mystery. There is, however, a part of applied mathematical science that is slowly chipping away at a portion of mystery. This subfield, usually