Mass Immigration Research Articles

The shape of careers in the future workplace: extreme scenarios and their prospect impact

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to discuss the way future workplaces may operate and how careers will be developed under possible extreme scenarios.Design/methodology/approachWe propose a thought-provoking conceptual discussion of the challenges for people’s careers under such scenarios.FindingsWe identified four such possible extreme scenarios and elaborated on the theoretical knowledge regarding the essence of each scenario. We discussed their impact on future workplaces in general and on careers in particular. These are (1) highly developed artificial intelligence and other cyber entities; (2) massive immigration due to wars, refugees and other forces; (3) widescale de-globalization; and (4) major global recession.Originality/valueEmploying the career ecosystem and sustainability theories, we identify possible outcomes and implications for theory as well as practice of managing careers under these extreme scenarios. This offers a novel perspective for individuals, organizations and policymakers at national and global levels.

Ma’abarot: Israeli immigrant transit camps revisited

ABSTRACT This article suggests a re-periodisation of the transit camps in which hundreds of thousands of immigrants were housed in Israel’s first three decades. It anchors the meaning of these temporal housing spaces – known as Ma’abarot – and rebuts the perception of their temporality, presenting new data about institutional policies regarding these allegedly temporary living spaces and the everyday reality of their inhabitants. It suggests a re-periodisation that includes not only the initial handling of the massive Jewish immigration wave during the ‘Mass Aliyah’ (1948–51) but also the longer-term settling of the immigrants.

Evolution of the Agricultural Legislation in Albania: Relevant Criminal Profile

Abstract Abstract. Albania, after the fall of the dictatorial system in 90’, has faced numerous challenges in relation to the development of his own agricultural legislation. The current status of Albania, as a negotiating candidate country for the EU, has increased the obligations and responsibilities of the State in the adoption of laws and national strategies focus on agriculture. Thanks to international projects and partners, Albania, only in the latest years has managed the reformation of its agricultural system. The difficulties resulting from mass immigration, property conflicts, the creation of a sustainable economy organized in family businesses of the SME typology, the mechanization of the agricultural economy, investments in technological innovation, as well as closely related problems that directly affect the development of Albanian agriculture, present concern and need solutions. Misuse of funds, fraud or corruption related to the implementation of international agricultural financing programs present a problem in guaranteeing security and right access to agricultural support system and schemes. Beyond the difficulties, the goal is that in the European journey, Albania can raise its competitive abilities in the E.U. market, implementing the best community policies. The research methodology used is based on empirical (quantitative) data obtained from the Albanian and foreign Statistical Institutes, as well as on the objective analysis of these data in a comparative relationship between them.

The Development of U.S. Immigration History: Historical Factors, Formation Mechanisms, and Migrant Groups

Regional economic integration has emerged as a significant focus for China in the post-pandemic era, as the nation seeks to establish mutually beneficial relationships with external economies and promote national development. In this study, the entropy method is employed to construct an index system tailored specifically to the four provinces within the Yangtze River Delta region. This research aims to explore the advantages and challenges of regional economic integration in China by conducting a comparative analysis of the Yangtze River Delta. The study also evaluates the merits and drawbacks of different integration models, drawing on examples from developed countries. The ultimate goal of the research is to provide insights and recommendations for China's regional economic integration, thus contributing to the country's overall prosperity. The results revealed that factors such as economic downturns caused by the pandemic have led the United States to experience a resurgence of racism and xenophobia, reminiscent of historical periods of American nativism, marked by economic insecurity and rapid demographic changes due to mass immigration. However, unlike previous eras with unrestricted immigration, the U.S. has tightened border policies and reduced the number of immigrants, using violent methods to expel unauthorized immigrants, such as Mexican migrant workers, along with their children born in the U.S., forcing them to move to a country where they may not speak the language or understand the culture.

Educating the Younger Generation of Polish Female Refugees in Postwar Britain

Abstract This study explores the education of young Polish female refugees in postwar Britain, and the implications of the establishment of the Committee for the Education of Poles, a body brought into being on April 1, 1947, as a consequence of the passage of the Polish Resettlement Bill in March 1947 (the first ever British legislation dealing with mass immigration). It examines the newly introduced grammar schools for girls, the challenges raised for these new educational establishments, and the strategies introduced by the British authorities in order to cope with the growing numbers of Polish adolescents entering the country after World War II. Based on archival records and supported by oral interviews, the sample case studies presented herein highlight one way in which the young Polish community was rehabilitated in exile at the start of their path towards civic integration. They highlight the key importance of education to that pathway. The studies presented here provide an insight into the experiences of, and challenges faced by, young Polish women during the Process of their education and resettlement. Thanks to extant school reports, it has been possible to ascertain not only the practical and financial problems that impacted the schools presented in the paper, which operated under the auspices of the Committee for the Education of Poles, but also their slow, but steady improvement over time. The paper provides clear evidence that it was thanks to the Committee that a significant proportion of the younger generation of Poles managed to acquire the qualifications needed to secure their first jobs and ultimately a career in industry or business and so play a useful part in the economic life of Great Britain and her overseas territories.

Lebanese Emigration to Brazil

Abstract This article deals with the reasons and dynamics of the Lebanese immigration to Brazil since the end of the 19th century onward, adding figures and charts to better expose and explain this social economic phenomena. For this, the article relied on a number of fugures, statisctics and studies to explain the reasons for this mass immigration of the Lebanese people.

Mitigating the Violence of Mass Immigration Detention Through Community-Based Case Management

Immigration detention causes psychological, physiological, and financial harm, primarily to noncitizens of color. Following a mass release of “lower-priority" individuals, responses to the COVID-19 pandemic provide an opportunity to envision a system more focused on freedom and pragmatism rather than retributive and ineffective notions of human warehousing and deterrence. Utilizing community-based case management (CBCM), a majority of detained noncitizens could be immediately returned to their families and communities under agency discretion. While some alternatives to incarceration serve as extensions of the carceral state, CBCM maintains required court appearances and preserves occupational and familial obligations at a fraction of detention costs without the need for intensive surveillance or restrictions. Drawing upon available research, theories of violence, and strengths-based case management, this article critically examines the emergence of mass immigration detention in the United States and considers a noncarceral approach to mitigate such state violence against detained noncitizens, as well as their families and communities. The profession of social work is uniquely positioned to implement CBCM to address the mass detention crisis and the grand challenge of smart decarceration. Social workers are well-equipped to 1) advocate for sensible decarceration policy, 2) conduct action-oriented scholarly research on the impacts of detention and outcomes of CBCM, and 3) provide integrated case management for noncitizens in immigration removal proceedings.

Tales of Migration in Medieval Hungary

Abstract Medieval Hungary has been called a “guestland” because of the multiplicity of immigrant peoples living in the realm. Yet the real experiences of immigrants and narrative constructions about immigration were not always in sync. This article explores medieval tales of different types of migration into the Kingdom of Hungary: first, the mythic migration of the entire people (gens) from a supposed original homeland to a new territory; second, the family histories of noble immigrants; and finally representations of mass immigration into the Christian kingdom. To understand how medieval authors constructed such tales, we need to identify the models they used and the purposes such stories served. Biblical and literary sources inspired the story of “the Hungarians,” while noble families sought to increase their prestige by identifying early immigrant ancestors. In neither case can these medieval narratives be used as historical sources without fully engaging with their genesis. The analysis of explicit medieval reflections on the arrival of various groups into the Kingdom of Hungary also reveals how immigration could be seen in both positive and negative ways. Resting on these medieval foundations, tales of migration have persisted into the present, but they have also gained a sharper distinction: old migration is valorized, while new migration is demonized and instrumentalized in a brutally exclusionary way.

Citizens with a Migration Background Involved in a Radical-Right Wing Party Restricting Immigration

The populist radical right-wing Swiss People’s Party (SVP / UDC) has been largely known for its xenophobic discourses and its political agenda restricting immigration through popular initiatives such as the vote against minarets (2009), the deportation of “criminal foreigners” (2010) and the initiative against “mass immigration” (2014). This paper shows how SVP/UDC activists, who themselves or whose parents had migrated to Switzerland, understand their political engagement and contribution. This sheds light on their desire to become part of a “deserving minority” and on their use of boundary-making strategies to demarcate their positions from others they label as “undeserving migrants”. Their political engagement needs to be understood as part of a broader quest for belonging to the Swiss national community. By showing that migration-related experiences inform the political involvement of activists at the Swiss People’s Party, this paper questions widely spread assumptions on contradictory or counterintuitive political commitments.

A "Tyranny Unparalleled in History": Anxious Laughter and Projection of the Nation in the John-Donkey (January–October 1848)

abstract: This article intends to explore the constitutive role of US satirical periodicals in nation-building by focusing on the John-Donkey . In 1848, sixty years after the ratification of the American Constitution, the young United States was imagining itself into a nation. American periodicals were crucial in conveying competing ideas of what America should be, mirroring and amplifying widespread aspirations and preoccupations. In particular, the John-Donkey fostered a discussion with coeval papers on subjects such as mass immigration and the widespread sympathy for Pius IX in the United States. Although maintaining a desecrating attitude toward the papacy, the John-Donkey ridiculed those who deemed such sympathy and the rising number of Catholics (and Catholic voters) in the United States a threat. In doing so, the periodical indirectly expressed and expelled the anxieties fuelled in the readership by the Nativists as much as its editorial staff's preoccupation that those anxieties might result in intolerance and even fanaticism. A detailed analysis of the texts and images related to these themes reveals conflating thoughts on international and domestic policies, indicating to what extent the projection of a specific "America" implied the definition of oneself as opposed to non-Americans and political opponents.

Notes toward a Demographic History of the Jews

As an essential prerequisite to the genealogical study of Jews, some elements of Jewish demographic history are provided in a long-term transnational perspective. Data and estimates from a vast array of sources are combined to draw a profile of Jewish populations globally, noting changes in geographical distribution, vital processes (marriages, births and deaths), international migrations, and changes in Jewish identification. Jews often anticipated the transition from higher to lower levels of mortality and fertility, or else joined large-scale migration flows that reflected shifting constraints and opportunities locally and globally. Cultural drivers typical of the Jewish minority interacted with socioeconomic and political drivers coming from the encompassing majority. The main centers of Jewish presence globally repeatedly shifted, entailing the intake within Jewish communities of demographic patterns from significantly different environments. During the 20th century, two main events reshaped the demography of the Jews globally: the Shoah (destruction) of two thirds of all Jews in Europe during World War II, and the independence of the State of Israel in 1948. Mass immigration and significant convergence followed among Jews of different geographical origins. Israel’s Jewish population grew to constitute a large share—and in the longer run—a potential majority of all Jews worldwide. Since the 19th century, and with increasing visibility during the 20th and the 21st, Jews also tended to assimilate in the respective Diaspora environments, leading to a blurring of identificational boundaries and sometimes to a numerical erosion of the Jewish population. This article concludes with some implications for Jewish genealogical studies, stressing the need for contextualization to enhance their value for personal memory and for analytic work.

Cultural Genocide, Mass Immigration, and the Kalergi Plan: Conceptualizations of Race in White Identity Politics Online

This study aims to clarify ambiguities surrounding the understanding of race in white identity politics and how these ambiguities are reflected in online discourse. Grounded in the framework of critical race studies, we constructed a comprehensive race typology that we used to unpack the multifaceted conceptions of race in digital discourse on Twitter. Using a combination of Tableau, NVivo, and manual coding, we examined the prevalence of four conceptualizations of race (Biological, Cultural, Nationalist, and Pan-Nationalist) in data collected from three Twitter hashtags (#whitegenocide, #kalergiplan, and #antiwhite). We conclude that race does not stand out as one coherent system in the analyzed data but as an amalgam of divergent racial interpretations. Notably, the Cultural conceptualization of race is the most predominant, followed closely by the Pan-Nationalist perspective of white identity. Our investigation also explores the palpable anxiety surrounding the perceived erosion of the white race within white identity politics. This apprehension is prominently articulated as "white grievances" and through a gendered understanding wherein white women assume a pivotal role in both propagating the white race and in acting as a vulnerable "access point" within the white racial framework.

How Social Welfare Programs Impact Mass Immigration in Norway and Canada

This research paper examines the effectiveness of social welfare policies in managing mass immigration in Norway and Canada. With increasing global migration, countries face the challenge of integrating immigrants while sustaining their welfare systems. Norway emphasizes state-centered support, facilitating immigrants' rapid integration through comprehensive social welfare programs. This approach promotes socio-economic well-being and labor market participation, fueled by a commitment to social solidarity and inclusive group boundaries. Additionally, Norway invests in education and language training, ensuring immigrants' long-term self-sufficiency.
 Canada, on the other hand, employs an inclusive approach, providing equal access to a range of welfare programs tailored to immigrants' needs. This strategy fosters a sense of belonging and self-reliance among immigrants, reducing their reliance on government assistance. While both nations offer unique insights, their approaches achieve success through different avenues: Norway prioritizes rapid integration and social cohesion, while Canada focuses on fostering self-sufficiency and reducing welfare dependence. The study underscores the need for evidence-based policy decisions that strike a balance between immigrants' needs and sustainable welfare systems. By understanding the successes and challenges of mass immigration policies, policymakers can create comprehensive and effective strategies that promote integration, social cohesion, and economic well-being.

Healthy, inclusive, and sustainable metropolises: New strategies for transdisciplinary dialogues in Munich, Germany

According to the United Nations, within the next decades approximately 70% of the world’s population will become urban citizens. This massive immigration results in urbanization trends of the outskirts and furthermore neighboring districts merge with the urban space, presenting enormous environmental, ecological, health-related, and social challenges to the regions and their citizens. Politics will have to face these issues, but so far, the urban planning and environmental oriented interdependencies are not notably considered and on a municipal level essential resources are disregarded. Within the timeframe of three years (2020-2022), the Munich University of Applied Sciences assessed in a collaborative process the urban potentials of a metropolitan district and developed health-promoting and sustainable building and open space structures for the year 2050. Therefore health, participation, urbanity, and sustainability issues were interlinked and integrated in the urban development process. The research project is based on an inter- and transdisciplinary approach, which furthermore includes different stakeholders from economy, politics, and the civil society.

The emotional citizen: Positive affective response towards immigrants predicts meaningful experiences with them and lower COVID-19 perceived threat in nine countries

Mass migration and COVID-19 represent two converging challenges affecting immigrant-receiving countries. Our understanding of intergroup emotion profiles—positive (happiness, hope, and sympathy) and negative (anger, fear, and disgust)—among members of immigrant destination societies in times of global uncertainty remains limited. Drawing from panel samples from nine countries ( N = 13,645), and controlling for relevant covariates, we aimed to extract latent profiles of intergroup emotions and map these profiles onto perceived COVID-19-related threats, immigrant contact, political predispositions, dark triad traits, and prejudice. We identified six latent profiles with patterns suggesting that positive interactions with immigrants are significantly correlated with positive emotional response and lower perceived pandemic threat. Societies facing mass immigration in the wake of COVID-19 may benefit from interventions and policies that promote positive and close experiences with immigrants, thereby reducing negative emotions and fostering positive emotions toward newcomers among citizens.

The Transformation of Chinese Food in the United States and Its Societal Impacts

Following the pervasive trend of globalization, cultural interaction between different nations becomes possible. This article aims to distinguish between the Chinese cuisines in U.S. society that have diverged origins: the modified Chinese food which was brought by massive immigration from the southeast coastal provinces in China in the late 19th century, and the franchised cuisine from China that recently settled in the market. The historical background relating to the on-time social movements and different motivations of these two cuisines will be delineated in this article to help explain the mechanism behind Chinese culinary industries adaptation in the United States. It is argued that the Chinese cuisine brought by Cantonese immigrants undergoes cultural integration which drives spontaneous adaption of the cuisine to blend into the U.S. culture. On the contrary, the prevalence of industrialized Chinese cuisine is rather the result of a profit-driven mechanism.

Out of the mouths of babes: children and the formation of the Río de la Plata Spanish address system

Abstract This paper analyzes the effects of child language acquisition as a critical factor in a morphological change, namely, the replacement of the etymologically singular second person paradigm (tuteo) by its plural counterpart (voseo) in 19th century Río de la Plata Spanish. The account applies a sociohistorical model which proposes that young children can function as language change agents in environments characterized by unpredictable input variation, lack of normative mechanisms, and the emergence of peer networks among young learners. The model is then applied to explain the rapid generalization of voseo in the late 1800s, a well-documented but poorly understood process. This change was nestled in an environment characterized by the rapid breakdown and reshaping of social networks through country-to-city migration and massive immigration, and by the resulting contact between L1 and L2 speakers of Iberian and non-Iberian varieties. Our account hypothesizes that successive cohorts of children actuated the various stages of this change, by relying on child language acquisition biases in the learning of verbal morphology observed across Romance varieties. This study combines archival evidence and sociohistorical information with present-day acquisitional data. The latter offers a piece often missing in sociohistorical accounts of language change.

Cultural translation and the immigrant artist: Zoya Cherkassky-Nnadi’s works in context

ABSTRACT Grounded in contemporary translation studies, this article offers insights into the way translation links with multimodality and art to display the experience of migration. Its main contribution to the discipline is exploring these issues from the perspective of cultural translation – a concept that applies to the transformation of individuals and entire groups when they encounter otherness. Our case study is a selection of works by the Israeli artist Zoya Cherkassky-Nnadi who emigrated from Ukraine to Israel during the mass immigration from the former Soviet Union in the 1990s. In her art, which reflects a navigation between conflicting identities, she articulates the experience of “translated” women and men (to use Salman Rushdie’s coinage). While examining her works through the prism of cultural translation, we explore several issues: the manipulation of stereotypes of the “other”; the transformation of people, especially in relation to immigration; the involuntary sharing of space; and hybridity.

Advancing Research To Address The Health Impacts Of Structural Racism In US Immigration Prisons.

The US is the world leader in imprisoning immigrants. Its mass immigration detention system emerged as an extension of mass incarceration, rooted in a legacy of racist US immigration and criminal laws. Immigration policy is a structural determinant of health that negatively affects the health of imprisoned immigrants, their families, and their communities. The systemic harms of "detention facilities," which we refer to as "immigration prisons," have been extensively documented, yet incrementalist reforms have failed to result in improved outcomes for immigrants. We argue that ending the practice of immigrant imprisonment is the most effective solution to mitigating its harms. Community-based programs are safer and less expensive than imprisonment, while also being effective at ensuring compliance with government requirements. We identify several priorities for researchers and policy makers to tackle the health inequities resulting from this structurally racist system. These include applying a critical, intersectional lens to studying the policies and practices that drive imprisonment, engaging affected communities in research and policy development, and creating an accountable and transparent system of data collection and release to inform health interventions. The reliance of the US on immigrant imprisonment is a policy choice with immense social and economic costs; dismantling it is critical to advancing health equity.

Green Transition and Electricity Sector Decarbonization: The Case of West Macedonia

During the last 50 years, the vast majority of European countries have relied on coal and imported carbon-containing fuels to meet their growing electricity demand. Coal is the only fossil fuel in significant reserves across Europe. However, the pressing threat of radical climate change and the looming depletion of fossil fuels necessitate a structural transformation from a conventional centralized fossil fuel-based electricity generation system to an innovative decentralized system based on zero carbon (green) energy resources. In this context, one important issue for communities operating coal-based Thermal Power Stations (TPS) nearing retirement is whether the European Union (EU) policy can ensure a socially just development of the coal mining areas during the coal phase-out. The objective is to avoid a decline in living standards and mass immigration. In response to the EU’s decarbonization policy, the Greek state has recently decided to retire the lignite-based West Macedonia TPS, which has been in operation since the 1970s. Since its establishment in August 1950, the (initially State-controlled) Greek Public Power Corporation (PPC) has undertaken the responsibility to operate the quarries and the six local TPS, offering approximately 25,000 direct and indirect jobs. Over the last 50 years, the extraction of lignite and the operation of the 4500 MWe TPS of West Macedonia has been the primary economic activity, accounting for nearly 45% of the entire Region’s GDP. While both the Greek state and the EU have prepared and presented plans to financially support local communities and encourage new private and public investments, local citizens remain anxious about their future. The present study investigates the attitude of young scientists towards the forthcoming radical changes linked to the green transition in seriously affected EU Regions, with a focus on West Macedonia. The proposed analysis in West Macedonia reveals the skepticism of young people regarding the speed of the green transition and concerns about significant migration and potential brain drain. On the other hand, the implementation of EU initiatives, including the involvement of young scientists in the planned new green energy-related activities, offers a promising alternative solution. This engagement can lead to the successful integration of local communities into the sustainable and green future envisioned by the EU.