Mass Ratio Of rGO Research Articles

Optimizing impedance matching by a dual-carbon Co-regulation strategy of Co3O4@rGO/celery stalks derived carbon composites for excellent microwave absorption

• Co 3 O 4 @rGO/CDC composites with different mass ratios of rGO:CDC were prepared. • S13 (weight ratio for rGO:CDC is 1:3) composite showed best microwave absorption performance. • It showed RL min value of -84.3dB and the widest effective bandwidth of 4.5 GHz. • Better impedance matching can be obtained by tuning the CDC ratio. Both macroscopic composition and microstructure should be considered for reasonable microwave absorbent designing. In this study, Co 3 O 4 @reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Celery stalks derived carbon (CDC) was prepared by loading Co 3 O 4 particles into rGO and biomass-derived carbon mixture through oxidation precipitation. By changing the mass ratio of rGO to CDC, the dielectric and impedance matching properties of the composites can be easily regulated. The RL min value of Co 3 O 4 @rGO/CDC 13 composite (weight ratio for rGO: CDC is 1:3) reaches –84.3 dB with a thickness of 4.6 mm, and the widest effective bandwidth can be obtained at 4.5 GHz with a matching thickness of 2.8 mm. The Co 3 O 4 @rGO/CDC 13 composite with multiple components (Co 3 O 4 , CDC, rGO) and 3D net structure produces magnetic/dielectric loss combinations, interfacial polarization, and multiple reflections and scattering, and the CDC with half tube and half sheet structure is conducive to the optimization of impedance matching. The strategy of co-regulating dielectric properties of materials with double carbon provides a novel pathway for the preparation of lightweight, low-cost, and high-performance absorbers.

3D Printed Thick Reduced Graphene Oxide: Manganese Oxide/Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Electrode with Highly Ordered Microstructures for Supercapacitors

AbstractHigh capacitance and good rate performance supercapacitors are needed to power sensors and miniaturized electrical devices. Thick electrodes are promising to increase the mass loading of active materials in supercapacitors, but the 3D geometries and microstructures in thick electrodes still hinder the development with high electron and ion exchange rate and accessible active sites. The scaffold 3D electrodes of reduced graphene oxide:manganese oxide/carbon nanotube (rGO:MnOx/CNT) are manufactured by material extrusion 3D printing (ME3DP), where the mass ratio of rGO to MnOx/CNT composites, thickness, and mass loading per unit area are controllable. The increasing amount of MnOx/CNT composites boosts the areal capacitance. Although the rate capability decays fast with the increasing of MnOx/CNT, it remains stable at different thicknesses (1.2, 1.6, and 2 mm). 2 mm thick rGO:MnOx/CNT (weight ratio 5:3) electrode exhibits an area capacitance of 302.13 mF cm−2 at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2, due to the highly ordered rGO networks. Compared to the casted electrodes, the microstructures in the 3D printed electrode contribute to lower resistances for the charge and ion transportation.

Preparation of reduced graphene oxide-carbon nanotubes membranes for conductive heating membrane distillation treatment of humic acid

Membrane distillation (MD) has attracted extensive attention as a technology to solve water scarcity in the fields of desalination. Surface-heated membrane distillation techniques that have emerged in recent years have improved flux due to the elimination of temperature polarization, but still suffer from membrane fouling. The use of electrochemical techniques for in-situ cleaning of membrane fouling in MD is expected to be an effective solution. Herein, electroactive membranes were prepared by loading mixtures of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon nanotube (CNT) with four mass ratios on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hydrophobic membranes. A series of analytical methods, such as scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, pore size analysis, water contact angle, Raman spectroscopy, membrane surface zeta potential, and cyclic voltammetry curve, were employed to characterize the properties of the rGO-CNT membranes. The best separation performance and conductivity were achieved at a 2:1 mass ratio of rGO to CNTs (R2 membrane). Then, the rGO-CNT membranes were applied to a conductive heating vacuum membrane distillation system to treat humic acid (HA). Compared with the PTFE membrane, the four rGO-CNT membranes showed a significant improvement in the rejection of HA. Using the rGO-CNT membranes as the cathode and the titanium as the anode, after a certain potential was applied, the flux decreases slowly. The fluxes of all rGO-CNT membranes were maintained over 9.5 kg/(m2·h) for 10 h of continuous operation. An increase in potential helps to increase change by alleviating membrane fouling. The highest flux and HA rejection reached 13 kg/(m2·h) and 99.8 %, respectively, with R2 membrane and −5 V potential applied. The mechanism of antifouling included electrostatic repulsion and electrocatalytic oxidation.

RGO/MXene sandwich-structured film at spunlace non-woven fabric substrate: Application to EMI shielding and electrical heating

Combining flexible reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with highlyelectrical conductive and flame retardant MXene to prepare electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composite film is a research hotspot. In this work, with a small amount of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) used as the adhesive, rGO/MXene loaded on spunlace non-woven fabric (SNF) through a soaking-drying-reduction method to form a sandwich structure composite film (SNF covered with rGO/MXene nanosheets as the interlayer, and rGO/MXene thin films as the upper and lower layers). The related EMI shielding effectiveness (SE), electric heating performance and flame retardancy of the fabricated sandwich structure composite film have been investigated. When the mass ratio of rGO to MXene is 6:4 (named rGO/MXene-4), the average SET of the film can reach 55.81 dB in X-band with an absorption-dominant shielding. Applying a 4 V voltage to rGO/MXene-4 film, its surface temperature can exceed 110 °C within 10 s, which indicated the fabricated rGO/MXene-4 film can be applied as a high electromagnetic shielding electric heating device with outstanding flame retardancy.

Multi-electron reduction process for boosting ammonia photosynthesis using graphene-modified red phosphorus

As a green and sustainable approach, nitrogen photofixation makes a strong contribution in suppressing the energy crisis. Boosting ammonia photosynthesis efficiency without additional sacrificial agents remains a significant challenge. In this study, an electron-rich reduced graphite oxide-modified red phosphorus (rGORP) was synthesized for ammonia visible-light photo-production. The rGORP composite retained the lattice structure of RP, activating NN through the acceptance and donation of electrons during nitrogen photofixation. Moreover, the incorporation of rGO increased the number of lone pairs of electrons and optimized the band structure of rGORP as well. Benefiting from appropriate conduction band, sufficient electrons, and effective electron transfer in 0.02rGORP (0.02 is the mass ratio of rGO to RP), activated N2 could be reduced into ammonia by a simultaneous three-electron reduction process, with a high ammonia synthesis rate of 7.74 mg/(L⋅h) without any organic scavengers. The system restricted the intermediate products formation and elevated the photocatalytic efficiency, thereby extending the application of non-metal materials in nitrogen photofixation.

Facile fabrication of rGO/Zr4+-Ni2+ gradient-doped BaM composites for broad microwave absorption bandwidth

The combination of magnetic and dielectric materials is an effective and efficient approach to enhance microwave absorption performance. In this work, rGO/Zr4+-Ni2+ gradient-doped BaM composites were fabricated for broad microwave absorption bandwidth. The results show that the permittivity increases while the permeability reduces gradually with the rising of rGO content. With the mass ratio of rGO increasing up to 15%, the relatively high attenuation constant and good impedance matching condition lead to an outstanding microwave absorption performance with a broad bandwidth of 8.16 GHz and a minimum reflection loss of −57.07 dB at a thin matching thickness of 2.0 mm. Compared with the pure gradient-doped BaM sample, the bandwidth has been widened by 37.37% and the minimum reflection loss has been improved by 220.43%. The performance is also superior to most of the existing state-of-art absorbers.

Synthesis of covalently bonded reduced graphene oxide-Fe3O4 nanocomposites for efficient electromagnetic wave absorption

High-performance electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbers, covalently bonded reduced graphene oxide-Fe3O4 nanocomposites (rGO-Fe3O4), are synthesized via hydrothermal reaction, amidation reaction and reduction process. The microstructure, surface element composition and morphology of rGO-Fe3O4 nanocomposites are characterized and corresponding EM wave absorption properties are analyzed in great detail. It demonstrates that Fe3O4 nanoparticles are successfully covalently grafted onto graphene by amide bonds. When the mass ratio of rGO and Fe3O4 is 2:1 (sample S2), the absorber exhibits the excellent EM wave absorption performance that the maximum reflection loss (RL) reaches up to -48.6 dB at 14.4 GHz, while the effective absorption bandwidth (RL<-10 dB) is 6.32 GHz (11.68–18.0 GHz) with a matching thickness of 2.1 mm. Furthermore, radar cross section (RCS) simulation calculation is also adopted to evaluate the ability of absorbers to scatter EM waves, which proves again that the absorption performance of absorber S2 is optimal. The outstanding EM wave absorption performance is attributed to the synergistic effect between dielectric and magnetic loss, good attenuation ability and excellent impedance matching. Moreover, covalent bonds considered to be carrier channels can facilitate electron migration, adjust EM parameters and then enhance EM wave absorption performance. This work provides a possible method for preparing efficient EM wave absorbers.

Facile synthesis of hierarchically porous rGO/MnZn ferrite composites for enhanced microwave absorption performance

Reduced graphene oxide/MnZn ferrite (rGO/MZF) binary hybrids were synthesized via a facile solvothermal route. The effect of different amount of rGO on microstructure, morphology, magnetic and microwave absorption performance of rGO/MZF hybrids had been studied in detail. The results indicated that MZF microspheres with various morphologies and sizes were uniformly anchored onto the surface of rGO in all rGO/MZF composites. The dielectric and magnetic property of rGO/MZF composites could be simultaneously optimized by tuning the mass ratio of rGO. For rGO/MZF (1:6) sample, the optimal value of reflection loss (RL) could attain −60.9 dB at 12.4 GHz when the thickness was 2.75 mm. Moreover, the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) could reach 5.6 GHz (12.4−18.0 GHz) at 2.38 mm, which almost covered the Ku band. And the possible microwave absorption mechanism was also discussed. Considering the excellent microwave absorption performance, the rGO/MZF composite could be applied as a newly efficient microwave absorbing materials.

Synthesis of rGO/p-Fe3O4@PANI three-phase nanomaterials and electromagnetic wave absorption properties

A novel rGO/p-Fe3O4@PANI three-phase nanomaterial was prepared by coating conductive polyaniline (PANI) on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and porous Fe3O4 (p-Fe3O4), which can increase the reflection interface of electromagnetic waves and extend the reflection path of electromagnetic waves propagating inside the material, and between them. Three kinds of rGO/p-Fe3O4@PANI samples were prepared. The mass percentage of PANI in the samples was established. The mass ratio of rGO to p-Fe3O4 was changed to ameliorate the impedance matching and attenuation constant. Compared with rGO/p-Fe3O4, rGO/p-Fe3O4@PANI exhibits excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance. When the mass ratio of rGO to p-Fe3O4 in the 40 wt% three-phase material is 1:5 and the thickness is 2.5 mm, the minimum RL of rGO/p-Fe3O4@PANI is −41.38 dB at 9.75 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth to electromagnetic wave reaches 3.08 GHz (from 8.40 to 11.48 GHz), indicating that is a potentially attractive candidate for high efficiency electromagnetic wave absorbers. The combination of the conductive polymer, porous magnetic nanoparticles and rGO improves the impedance matching condition to some extent, and effectively increases the attenuation constant of the material.

Effect of rGO loading on Fe3O4: A visible light assisted catalyst material for carbamazepine degradation

Carbamazepine (CBZ), an anticonvulsant drug, is one of the most recalcitrant pharmaceuticals detected in wastewater. For the photocatalytic degradation of CBZ, visible light assisted heterogeneous Fenton-like hybrid composites were synthesized via a co-precipitation method by anchoring magnetite (Fe3O4) with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The rGO loading not only reduced the aggregation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, but also increased the adsorption capacity of the hybrid composites. The mass ratio of rGO in the composites substantially affected CBZ photocatalytic degradation and a 10 wt% rGO loading (rGF10) provided nearly complete CBZ degradation within 3 h. Moreover, the addition of rGO reduced the charge recombination of the bare Fe3O4 nanoparticles and provided more accessible reactive sites, enhancing the degradation capacity. The visible light excited Fe3O4 nanoparticles yielded reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals (·OH), holes (h+), and superoxide radicals (O2·−) during the photodegradation process that were evaluated by using specific scavengers during the degradation experiment. The hybrid catalyst was effective under wide pH ranges (from 3 to 9) and showed faster degradation rates in the acidic condition. The composites were magnetically separable, easily regenerated, and exhibited considerably high photocatalytic activity up to five cycles.

RGO/Fe-doped g-C3N4 visible-light driven photocatalyst with improved NO removal performance

Semiconductor photocatalytic technology has become a new green way to control NOX emissions. In order to remove NOX effectively, a multi-stage electron transport channel was constructed to improve the photocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), which was realized by doping Fe ions and compounding with reductive graphene oxide (rGO) simultaneously. The results of NO removal test showed that the as-prepared rGO/Fe-doped g-C3N4 visible-light driven composite photocatalyst exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic activity, and the optimum mass ratio of rGO to Fe was 2:3. This was attributed to the positive synergistic effect of Fe and rGO and the formation of a multi-stage electron transport channel between rGO and protonated Fe-doped g-C3N4 (Fe-C3N4), which further accelerated the separation and transfer of photo-induced carriers, broadened the visible light response range and enhanced the light absorption intensity. This work develops a g-C3N4-based visible-light photocatalyst that can effectively remove NO and provides a new perspective for the modification of photocatalyst.

Photo-ultrasonic assisted in-situ synthesis of RGO/ Ag2CrO4 photocatalyst with high photocatalytic activity and stability under visible light

Visible-light-active reduced graphene oxide/ Ag2CrO4 (RGO/ Ag2CrO4) composites were prepared by a novel photo-ultrasonic assisted reduction process. Compared to single Ag2CrO4 photocatalyst, as-prepared RGO/ Ag2CrO4 composites had displayed dramatically enhanced photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and tetracycline (TC) under visible light illumination (λ > 420 nm). And when the mass ratio of RGO to Ag2CrO4 was 0.5%, sample showed the most superior photocatalytic activity,with degrading 97.68% and 80.03% of MB and TC in 60 min, respectively, which was about 0.9 times and 2 times higher than that of pure Ag2CrO4.The excellent photocatalytic activity was majorly due to the coupling of nano-sized Ag2CrO4 (6–9 nm) with high electron-conductive RGO, which had boosted charge separation and transfer. Improved photocatalytic stability was mainly ascribed to the fast transferring of photogenerated electrons from Ag2CrO4 to RGO before the reduction of Ag ions to metallic Ag. This work can provide a more economical and effective method for the exploration of efficient RGO-based photocatalysts.

3-D structured Pt/rGO-polyethyleneimine-functionalized MWCNTs prepared with different mass ratio of rGO and MWCNT for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Various 3-D structured Pt/xrGO-yPolyethyleneimine-functionalized MWCNTs (PMWCNT) were successfully prepared by the hybridization of rGO and PMWCNT. The FE-SEM and TEM images confirm the 3-D structure of hybridized Pt/rGO-PMWCNT catalyst and dispersion of Pt nanoparticles. In case of Pt/PMWCNT, Pt nanoparticles are preferentially deposited onto the external surface of PMWCNT but upon hybridization, the preferential deposit of Pt nanoparticles onto PMWCNT is not expected due to high affinity of rGO toward Pt nanoparticles. The Pt content deposited onto the hybridized supporting materials tends to be increased with rGO content. It is noteworthy that the BET surface area is increased with PMWCNT content due to the formation of the 3-D structure. The electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) and durability based on ECSA is also affected by the mass ratio of rGO and PMWCNT, exhibiting the highest ECSA of 32.5 m2/g and the least reduction of ECSA after 1200 cycle by Pt/1rGO-1PMWCNT. The cell performance is enhanced by the hybridization with the best cell performance by Pt/1rGO-1PMWCNT. It is, therefore, desirable to choose the appropriate mass ratio of rGO and PMWCNT to maximize the electrochemical properties.

In situ fabrication of reduced graphene oxide/mesoporous g-C3N4 nanosheets with excellent visible light activity

Severe energy shortage and environmental pollution prompt researchers to develop metal-free semiconductors as high-performance photocatalysts for wastewater treatment. Herein, highly efficient visible light-driven photocatalysts, reduced graphene oxide/mesoporous g-C3N4 (rGO/mpg-C3N4) nanosheets are in situ fabricated by surfactant-directed assembly of graphene oxide and melamine via an evaporation-induced self-assembly approach before a solid-state transformation. The mass ratio of rGO to mpg-C3N4 in final nanosheets is tailored in a wide range of 1–76%. All rGO/mpg-C3N4 nanosheets are covalently linked, highly porous, display improved separation of electron-hole pairs, narrowed bandgap and modulated band structure. And they are superior to Degussa’s P25 and g-C3N4 in the degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation. The elaborately fabricated rGO/mpg-C3N4-15% gives the highest specific rate constant (1.005 min−1 g−1) of any g-C3N4 composite catalyst. Mechanism study reveals that the best performance is originated from the increased h+ and −O2 species, linking to the strong interaction between rGO and mpg-C3N4. Mesostructure and proper rGO ratio, and their ensemble effect, are also responsible for the best activity, since merits including superior mass transfer, improved charge carrier separation and excellent visible light utilization are integrated.

Study on the bactericidal performance of graphene/TiO2 composite photocatalyst in the coating of PEVE

Marine fouling organisms attachment can bring serious damage to ships and marine facilities. Thus, we modified the hydrophobic fluorocarbon resin coating (PEVE) which was widely used in marine hulls. In this study, graphene/TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalysts have been taken as the raw material of the modification to prepare the composite coatings with anti-fouling performance through a sample method. The results of our experiment demonstrate that when the mass ratio of rGO to TiO2 is 1:100, the composite coating exhibits the best antibacterial property. This coating could kill the vast majority of the bacteria which attached to its surface after one hour of exposure to ultraviolet light, and this sterilization performance is much higher than pure PEVE and TiO2/PEVE coatings. In this composite system, graphene plays an important role in enhancing the coatings performance. For one thing, the heterojunction formed by graphene and TiO2 can effectively increase the hydroxyl radical yields of TiO2. For another, the conjugated structure of graphene can effectively reduce the phenomenon of hydrophobicity reduction which is caused by the addition of TiO2 and then decrease the risk of hull corrosion availably.

Preparation of CuPc/RGO Nanocomposites and Their Electrocatalytic Behaviors for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

In this paper, copper phthalocyanine/reduced graphene oxide (CuPc/RGO) nanocomposites were synthesized by aromatic π-π stacking interaction and well characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence spectrometry. The composites were modified on the surface of glass carbon electrode (GCE) and their electrochemical behaviors of CuPc/RGO for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The study showed when the mass ratio of RGO to CuPc in composite achieved 1:1, the composite film performed excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the ORR.

Photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A by TiO2-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites

TiO2-reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanocomposites were prepared via hydrothermal synthesis. The prepared hybrid materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated that P25 nanoparticles with size of 20–30 nm were dispersed on RGO sheets after the hydrothermal process. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2-RGO was evaluated by degrading bisphenol A (BPA) under UV light illumination. The photocatalytic degradation process was fitted well by the pseudo-first order reaction model. The degradation rate constants were strongly affected by the mass ratio of RGO in the hybrid materials and the optimal mass ratio of RGO to commercial TiO2 (P25) was 3.0 wt%. Under the optimal degradation conditions, the rate constant of BPA over P25–3RGO (−0.0132 min−1) was 2.93 times of that over P25 (−0.00451 min−1). The results indicated that the introduction of RGO in P25 not only can enhance the adsorption ability for BPA, but also improve the photocatalytic activity of P25 for degradation of BPA greatly.

Enhanced Areal Capacitance of Solid-State Supercapacitors Based on Graphene Mixed Gel Electrolyte

To meet the widely used portable and wearable electronic devices with improved funtionalities, developing flexible energy storage devices with larger energy density is an important issue. To this end, fabricating electrodes with materials that can act well while bending or twisting is necessary. Reduced graphene oxide is a promising candidate because of its outstanding mechanical and chemical properties, easily accessed surface area, and potential to be manufacturable [1]. In this research, we proposed a facile method to fabricate a graphene-based, flexible all solid-state supercapacitors. Briefly in fabrication, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) solution derived from modified Hummers method and hydrazine reduction [2] was directly drop cast on a flexible Au-coated polyimide substrate to form a porous electrode. Then the rGO solution mixed with PVA/H3PO4 was poured onto the electrode and air dried for 12 hours until solidified. Two as-made electrodes were pressed face to face to finish the device encapsulation.SEM images of drop cast rGO electrode show a layered morphology with pores enable the gel electrolyte to inject in. The electrochemical characteristic of the as-made device is investigated by CV measurement. For the device using PVA/H3PO4 as electrolyte, only 41 mF/cm2 is obtained at the scan rate of 100 mV/s, whereas the device with rGO/PVA/H3PO4 as electrolyte shows 130 mF/cm2, about two times larger. We believe that a suitable mass ratio of rGO dispersed in the gel electrolyte forms a continuous 3D network that can contribute to electric double layer capacitance. The CV result shown in figure 2 comes from the sample using PVA/H3PO4 with 0.1 wt% rGO mixed. And the optimization of varied rGO mass ratio is investigated.Reference[1] M. Segal, Nat. Nanotechnol. 2009, 4, 611-613.[2] D. Li, M. B. Muller, S. Gilje, R. B. Kaner, G. G. Wallace, Nat. Nanotechnol. 2008, 3, 101-105

Green hydrothermal synthesis of CeO2 NWs–reduced graphene oxide hybrid with enhanced photocatalytic activity

In this study, CeO2 nanowires–reduced graphene oxide hybrids (CeO2 NWs–RGO) were synthesized by a green hydrothermal method using CeO2 NWs and graphene oxide (GO) as raw materials. During the process of reduction of GO, hydrothermal condition with supercritical water provides thermal and chemical factors to synthesize RGO. The photocatalytic experimental results show that the CeO2 NWs–RGO hybrids exhibit enhanced photocatalytic activity for degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under UV-light irradiation. It is found that the degree of photocatalytic activity enhancement strongly depends on the mass ratio of RGO in the hybrids, and the remarkable photocatalytic activity is 20 times that of pristine CeO2 NWs when the loading amount of RGO is 8.0 wt%. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the excellently elevated absorption ability for the dye through π–π conjugation as well as the effective inhibition of the recombination of photogenerated electrons because of the electronic interaction between CeO2 NWs and RGO sheets.

Magnetically Separable Fe3O4 Nanoparticles-Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for Catalytic Wet Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation

Fe3O4 nanoparticles-decorated reduced graphene oxide magnetic nanocomposites (Fe3O4/rGO NCs) were prepared by a facile one-step strategy, and further used as heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts for catalytic wet hydrogen peroxide oxidation (CWHPO) of methylene blue (MB) at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure. The effects of variables such as the Fe3O4/rGO with the mass ratio of rGO, initial pH, MB concentration and H2O2 dosage were investigated. The Fe3O4/rGO NCs with rGO mass ratio of 10.0 wt % showed the highest H2O2-activating ability, which was six-fold than that of pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). The resulting catalysts demonstrated high catalytic activity in a broad operation pH range from 5 to 9, and still retained 90.5 % catalytic activity after reuse in five cycles. Taking advantage of the combined benefits of rGO and magnetic Fe3O4 NPs, these Fe3O4/rGO NCs were confirmed as an efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for CWHPO to treat organic pollutants. And a reasonable catalytic mechanism of Fe3O4/rGO NCs was proposed to interpret the degradation process.