Masan City Research Articles

Damage Analysis of Typhoon Surge Flood in Coastal Urban Areas Using GIS and ADCIRC

Choi, H.; Lee, H.J., and Kim, G., 2019. Damage analysis of typhoon surge flood in coastal urban areas using GIS and ADCIRC. In: Lee, J.L.; Yoon, J.-S.; Cho, W.C.; Muin, M., and Lee, J. (eds.), The 3rd International Water Safety Symposium. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 91, pp. 381-385. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Typhoon Maemi, which landed in the coastal area of Masan City on September 12, 2003, was the largest coastal disaster in Korea. Typhoon surges can cause extreme flood damage when they overlap with high tides. In this study, the maximum flooding zone according to the highest tide was calculated and the accuracy of the flooding model was analyzed by comparing it with the actual flooding zone in the Masan Bay area. A GIS-based hydrologic model for flood forecasting can complement the disadvantages of complex multidimensional flood damage estimation in which data acquisition and processing are complicated. It is important to establish a method to minimize damage by developing a more accurate damage simulation model. It is necessary to utilize data such as high-resolution satellite images and LiDAR for accurate analysis data considering the topographical characteristics of typhoon surge flood areas in the future.

COUPLED HYDRODYNAMIC-HYDROLOGICAL MODELING FOR STORM SURGE INUNDATION IN THE COASTAL AREA

Tropical cyclone easily causes inundation damage to low-lying coastal area and the damage may be amplified due to tide motion, sea-level rise, riverine discharges. Specifically, typhoons are accompanied by intensive rainfall, which will of course raise the river water level and thus enhance the flooding damages. If the tidal cycle coincides the high water, flooding will be even aggravated. In the present study, we simulated storm surge motions at the coastal area considering combined effects of tidal and river discharge with aim to improve the accuracy of flooding prediction. The quasi 3-dimension ocean circulation model, Delf3D was used which solves the unsteady shallow water equation in the 2D and 3D. Since Delft3D is much applicable to accommodate the indirect flooding factors such as riverine discharge and short waves, outer-coupled modeling system was established to account for combined tide-surge-riverine discharge effects. In such integrated system, 11 tidal constituents were input as open boundary condition using TPXO 7.2 model, while the water level per unit time was preliminary calculated by HEC-HMS model and input as the upstream boundary conditions for river inside the domain. Typhoon MAEMI which attacked Masan city located at southern coast of South Korea and caused severe inundation damages in 2003 was selected for the study event. Basic information for typhoon such as path, wind speed, atmospheric pressure every 3 hours was provided by the Korea Meteorological Agency and was adopted. The simulation was implemented with tide and storm surge boundary conditions focusing on the target area, Masan, while the additional consideration on the discharge of the river inside the domain was also made. Simulated water level at the fixed location was compared to the observation for its verification and the extent of inundation areas of Masan were compared between observed and calculated. The marginal contribution of riverine discharge on the flooding area(or depth) was assessed by comparing tide-surge with tide-surge-riverine discharge simulations. Finally, the importance of the specific consideration on the riverine discharge during storm surge modeling can be addressed.

An Exploratory Study on Low-Income Elderly Women's Residential Mobility Experiences: Focusing on Masan City

An Exploratory Study on Low-Income Elderly Women's Residential Mobility Experiences: Focusing on Masan City

신형식부방파제의 개발과 정온도에 관한 연구

In this study, a new type floating breakwater was proposed to improve the capability of wave attenuation compared with the existing floating breakwater in Wonjun Port, which is located in Masan City, Korea. In order to develop the optimal design, many different configurations considering the shape and location of vertical barrier and horizontal plate were examined based on the shape of existing floating breakwaters in Wonjun and Tongyeong Port. The analytical and numerical results of the new type floating breakwater showed better performance in long-period wave attenuation than the existing floating breakwater in Wonjun. Therefore, the new type floating breakwater can improve harbor tranquility in Wonjun Port. 핵심용어: new type floating breakwater, vertical barrier, horizontal barrier, long-period wave, performance of wave decrease, ì‹ í˜•ì‹ë¶€ë°©íŒŒì œ, 연직커튼판, 수평판, 장주기파랑, íŒŒëž‘ì œì–´ì„±ëŠ¥

Parents' perception on middle school foodservice using environment friendly agricultural products (EFAP) in Masan area

The purpose of this study was to investigate parent’s perception of a middle school foodservice in Masan city, Korea that uses environmentally friendly agricultural products (EFAP). From May 29, 2009 to July 11, 2009, questionnaires were distributed to 350 parents of middle schools located in Masan city. A total of 295 responded and 276 (response rate, 78.9%) were used for the final analysis after excluding improperly completed questionnaires. First, 47.8% of the parents responded that they had participated in the school foodservice operation (receiving food, attending foodservice-related events, working as a meal service aid, evaluating suppliers). Receiving food (53.7%) accounted for the greatest proportion in the participating area. Second, most subjects (83.0%) responded that they were aware of the use of EFAP. Additionally, 96.4% of the subject approved expanding the use of EFAP for all items. Third, their degree of interest in the school foodservice was 3.86, and satisfaction with the school foodservice was 3.94 based on a 5-point Likert scale. The overall satisfaction on the quality of EFAP used in the school foodservice was 3.68 based on a 5-point Likert scale. Fourth, awareness that the school used EFAP in the foodservice by the parents who participated in school foodservice operations was higher than that of parents who did not participate. Satisfaction (4.10) with the school foodservice by parents who participated in school foodservice operations was significantly higher than that (3.79) of parents who did not participate (p ＜ 0.001). In conclusion, parent’s participation in school foodservice operations should increase to improve the quality of the school foodservice and improve communication between parents and the school. (Korean J Nutr 2012; 45(2): 113 ~ 123)

Seroprevalence of Antibodies againstAnisakis simplexLarvae among Health-Examined Residents in Three Hospitals of Southern Parts of Korea

The present study was performed to estimate the seroprevalence of larval Anisakis simplex infection among the residents health-examined in 3 hospitals in southern parts of Korea. A total of 498 serum samples (1 serum per person) were collected in 3 hospitals in Busan Metropolitan city, Masan city, and Geoje city in Gyeongsangnam-do (Province) and were examined by IgE-ELISA and IgE-western blotting with larval A. simplex crude extract and excretory-secretory products (ESP). The prevalence of antibody positivity was 5.0% and 6.6% with ELISA against crude extracts and ESP, respectively. It was also revealed that infection occurred throughout all age groups and higher in females than in males. A specific protein band of 130 kDa was detected from 10 patients with western blot analysis against crude extract and ESP among those who showed positive results by ELISA. Our study showed for the first time the seroprevalence of anisakiasis in Korea. The allergen of 130 kDa can be a candidate for serologic diagnosis of anisakiasis.

마산 연안의 침수 수치모형 실험

태풍 "매미"는 2003년 9월 12일 오후 9시에 중심기압 950 hPa을 가지고 경남 남해안에 상륙하였다. 본 연구에서는 태풍 매미로 인한 마산 연안의 침수와 태풍해일을 해석하기 위해 3차원 침수모형을 구축하였으며, 침수지역을 현장 조사하였다. Hydromet-Rankin Vortex 모형을 이용하여 바람장 및 기압장을 해석하였으며, 3차원 침수모형을 이용하여 마산연안 침수지역, storm surge 및 태풍류를 수치계산하였다. 침수지역과 storm surge에 대한 수치모형의 계산결과는 현장 조사결과와 거의 일치하였다. 마산항에서 3차원 모형에 의한 storm surge의 최고 수위는 238 cm, 현장관측치는 230 cm로 비교적 정확하게 평가하였다. 3차원 모형과 2차원 모형 결과를 비교하였는데 3차원 모형이 2차원 모형보다 storm surge를 보다 정확하게 해석하였다. 마산만에서 태풍해일에 의해 발생한 태풍류는 표층에서는 30~60 cm/s 크기로 만내로 유입하나, 저층에서는 20~40 cm/s 크기로 만외로 유출하는 흐름이 탁월하였다. Typoon Maemi landed on the southern coast of Korean Peninsula at 21:00, September 12, 2003 with a central pressure of 950 hPa. A three dimensional (3D) inundation model was established to calculate the storm surge and flooded area due to Typoon Maemi. A field survey of storm surge traces in Masan City was carried out to evaluate the inundation water depth. Hydromet-Rankin Vortex model was used to calculate the atmospheric pressure and the surface wind fields. The inundation area, storm surge and typoon-induced current were calculated using the 3D model. The peak of computed storm surge in Masan Port using the 3D model was 238 cm, and the observed peak was 230 cm. The simulated storm surge and the inundation area showed good agreement with field survey data. The comparison of the 3D and the two dimensional (2D) models of storm surge was carried out, and the 3D model was more accurate. The computed typoon-induced currents in the surface layer of Masan Bay went into the inner bay with 30~60 cm/s, while the currents in the bottom layer flowed out with 20~40 cm/s.

Dietary fiber consumption from school lunch in south area of Korea

In recent years, the school aged children and adolescents have been choosing to eat much more fast foods, high fat main dishes, cake and soft drinks, compared to the older generations. Dietary fiber consumption was one of the dietary guidelines for improving their health for example preventing obesity or overweight or related metabolic syndrome. This study was conducted to estimate the dietary fiber intake of children aged 11 to 15 from school lunch. Total 130 lunch dishes, that is, the 30 kinds of cooked rice, 29 kinds of soup, 64 kinds of entrees, 16 kinds of kimchi were collected from three primary schools and three middle schools in Masan city. Among them, 50 cousines which were the basic components of Korean meals, were analyzed the contents of dietary fiber. Cooked rices, soups, entrees and kimchies were provided the dietary fiber approximately 0.45g(0.05~0.88), 1.90g(0.59~2.74), 2.04g(0.62~5.07), 3.63g(1.25~5.25), respectively. From Korean traditional cousines at school lunch, the school aged children and adolescents could consume dietary fiber average 8.0g even though except fruits.

Storm Surge Hindcasting of Typhoon Maemi in Masan Bay, Korea

Typhoon Maemi crossed the south coast of Korea at 21LST, September 12, 2003, where its storm surge accompanied by high waves and astronomical high tide induced the most severe coastal disaster in Korea. In particular, Masan City facing Masan Bay had the worst damages from the storm surge flooding with the maximum surge height of ∼230 cm recorded at Masan Port. In order to obtain the design surge heights for the coastal structures in Masan City, a hindcasting study of storm surge for Typhoon Maemi was conducted using a fine-scale regional surge model which was connected to the larger scale surge models by a nested grid system. The sea surface pressure and wind fields were computed by a primitive vortex wind model to obtain the input data for the storm surge model. The hindcasted surge heights were compared with the observed surges at Masan Port as well as at the major tide stations on the south coast of Korea. The hindcasted surges were in a good agreement with the observed surges for both the maximum heights and the occurrence times.

A Study on the Processes of Small Libraries Changing Sociological Role and Its Direction of Movement in Masan City

A Study on the Processes of Small Libraries Changing Sociological Role and Its Direction of Movement in Masan City

Accumulation history of anthropogenic heavy metals (Cu, Zn, and Pb) in Masan Bay sediments, southeastern Korea: A role of chemical front in the water column

In Masan Bay, the drainage basin for the wastewater of heavily-industrialized cities and harbors in the southeastern Korea, a composite analysis of sediment cores reveals that accumulation history and behaviors of heavy metals are distinctive depending on anthropogenic activities and dissolved oxygen in water column. In the inner bay, Cu, Zn, and Pb have been enriched, associated with organic and sulfide matter, over background levels since the mid-1940s. It seems to result from the deposition of stream-disposed sewage under a poor water circulation before most of sewage collected in Masan City has been treated and disposed through an outfall into the outer bay since the late 1993. The outfall disposal contaminated the topmost sediments of the outer bay with the three metals, 2.2 to 3.2 times as much as the background. The three metals are strongly associated with Mn in the bay mouth, probably resulting from their oxidative precipitation beneath a chemical front of water column that forms by expansion and mixing of anoxic bay bottom water with oxygenated coastal water. The bay sediments seem to act as a mobile pool in that Mn and the pollutant metals are often remobilized to the anoxic bottom water in summer.

Concentrations and accumulation profiles of polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in aquatic tissues, and ambient air from South Korea

Polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/DFs), including 2378-substituted isomers were present in samples of shellfish and fish, and ambient air collected from Masan Bay, and Masan City, South Korea. Total concentrations of PCDDs/DFs in mussel and clam were 750 pg g −1, lipid weight (lw), and 3418 pg g −1, lw, respectively. Total concentrations of PCDDs/DFs in mullet, gizzard and flounder were 52, 82, and 122 pg g −1, lw, respectively. Shellfish tissues contained a greater number of PCDD/DF isomers, contributing greater total concentrations of PCDDs/DFs compared to fish collected from the same locations. The predominance of 2378-substituted PCDDs/DFs in fish is represented in greater total concentrations of 2378-TeCDD equivalents (TEQs), whereas there was very limited occurrence of 2378-substituted isomers in shellfish. TEQ concentrations in samples of mussel and clam were 0.97 and 12 pg g −1, lw, respectively. Total TEQs in mullet, gizzard and flounder were 12, 22 and 18 pg g −1, lw, respectively. In fish 2378-substituted PCDDs accounted for 100% of the total concentrations of PCDDs, and 2378-substituted PCDFs accounted from 59% to 73% of the total PCDFs. The 2378-substituted isomers accounted for only 3% of the total PCDDs/DFs in shellfish. Ambient air collected from two sites contained a wide range of isomers of tetra- through heptachlorinated PCDDs/DFs. Even though the total concentration of PCDDs/DFs in ambient air (12.8 pg m −3) collected from an industrial area was 2-fold greater than that in air samples (6.3 pg m −3) collected from an urban/rural area, total TEQs (0.07 and 0.08 pg m −3) there was no statistical difference between the two samples.

한방의료 이용노인의 노인의료 서비스에 대한 태도분석

The proportion of population over sixty-fiver will be expected to increase from the current level of 7.1% in 13.1% of in 2021. Then health services for them should be extended. And also the utilization of oriental medical care from the elderly has been increased and should be extended. Purpose of this study is to investigate current state of behavioral attitude and satisfaction of the oriental medical services for the elderly of inpatient in the hospital.br/ The four hospitals were selected arbitrarily from Pusan and Masan City, 277 over- sixty five elderly was responded by questionnaire are and analysed with SPSS program. Some major results of the survey are as follows;br/ 1. About half(45.7%) of the respondents is to the age group of 65 to 69. and the low level of income is 28.9% as comparatively very high.br/ 2. Major utihzation of the mpatients is 68.1% m the heart and circulatory system, and the proportion by the case following as first 48.7% second 34.4% cerebral arteriosclerosis and hypermia and stroke. and third 2.9% to of hlghpertenSlon.br/ 3. About half of them( 48. 7%) prefer to onental medical care than western medical carebr/ 4. Major motivation of hopitalization of oriental medical hospital is following as first coperating both oriental and western medical care in the same hospital, next more effective than wetern medical care. third services kindly, firth favorable place, environmental and facility, and five transportion.br/ 5. The differentials of preference to oriental medical care by demographic charactenstics were found out as that of similar to by sex. resident and education but education career of low level to be more preference, while not significant statistics level. Then the elderly of low income IS more prefer to onental medical care. but not signifIcant statistic level among the 3 class of economic levels.br/ 6. The satisfactory status of oriental medical service of them are found out as favorable about more 80% in service of physicians and nurse services. And the differentials of the satisfaction by the demographic characteristics are not significant in general.br/

마산시 초.충 교사들의 영양지식, 식생활 습관 및 영양태도

마산시 초.충 교사들의 영양지식, 식생활 습관 및 영양태도