Maritime State Research Articles

Impact of cyclone Tauktae on fishermen’s livelihoodin Karnataka: A climate change perspective analysis

The Arabian Sea, off India’s west coast, is undergoing significant changes due to global climate change driven by rising greenhouse gas emissions and warming waters. This is well evidenced by the increasing frequency of cyclonic events along the coast, with five of the eight cyclones recorded in India since 2019 impacting the west coast. Cyclone Tauktae of 2021 was one of the most severe, with extremely recent cyclonic storms wreaking havoc on India’s southern maritime states. This paper examines the extent of damage that happened to households and livelihood-supporting assets, the socio-economic impacts, the social security challenges faced and the preparedness status in Karnataka’s coastal districts. This study also highlights the socio-ecosystem changes that occurred, as well as the coping strategies used in the maritime state of Karnataka in the context of climate change and proposes strategic action plans aimed at effectively mitigating the impacts of tropical cyclones. Keywords: Impact analysis, Socio-economic impact, Socio-ecosystem changes, Tropical cyclones

A Review on the Distribution and Diversity of Pleuronectiformes From Maritime States Within the Exclusive Economic Zone of India

A Review on the Distribution and Diversity of Pleuronectiformes From Maritime States Within the Exclusive Economic Zone of India

Pembuatan Pakan Ikan Pada Kelompok Budidaya Ikan di Ungaran Untuk Mengurangi Biaya Produksi

This community service program is carried out in Beji Village, East Ungaran District, which is around the Indonesian State Maritime Polytechnic campus. This activity is a continuation of the previous service roadmap in the same place where in the previous service activity, making fish food using a pellet molding machine using a petrol motor, this time making fish food using a manual fish pellet molding machine. The aim is to introduce MSME service partners to the fish cultivation group in Beji sub-district about the types of fish pellet molding machines so that they can meet fish feed needs to save production costs. The method for implementing this activity is by providing training by sharing knowledge about the parts of the fish pellet molding machine and the composition of the ingredients that make up good fish feed, followed by the practice of making fish feed using a manual pellet molding machine.

The use of gadgets in the student environment and their impact on the health of students

In the information 21st century, almost everyone interacts with technical devices, including gadgets. A gadget is a small device designed to make life easier and better. Gadgets most often include smartphones, computers, tablets, headphones, smartphone speakers, smart watches and much more. In this article, we will focus on the most common gadgets - a smartphone and a computer, and also consider their effect on the student's body. The results of a social survey of students of the Admiral F. F. Ushakov State Maritime University on the indicator of smartphone screen time used and their well-being from this are presented. The authors show that the abuse of time spent in gadgets negatively affects the state of both physical and mental health of students. The article provides recommendations for a painless interaction.

A Study on Potential Feed Sources to Boost Guppy Fish, Poecilia reticulata Productivity

Aquaculture may simply be referred as “Underwater Agriculture.”India is a major maritime state and an important aquaculture- based country in the worldhaving major aquaculture activitiesin the production of Carp from Freshwater,Shrimp from Brackish water, etc. Feed requirements of fish vary in quantity and quality according to the feeding habits, physiological stages of the species and environmental variations viz., temperature; amount and type of natural food availability in the culture system.A nutritious and cheap feed is a pre requested for profitable aquaculture. Though, use of commercially available feed is in practice in many countries. The feed cost consumes more Than half of running expenditure. Therefore, the search of nutritionally well-balanced feed Prepared from very cheap locally available ingredients in progress in all the aqua farming countries. In the present study, an attempt has been made to well-balanced nutritious feed Particularly from the locally available cheaper ingredients. The objectives of the present study are: to assess the effect of feed on the growth of finfish and shellfish in the laboratory, to prepare the conventional feed with traditional ingredients and to check the effect of feed on the growth performance of ornamental fish - Guppy, Poecilia reticulata.

Exploring the effectiveness of online learning tools and technologies while teaching Maritime English to future ship engineers

Maritime English proficiency is crucial for future ship engineers to effectively communicate, operate, and ensure safety in the globalised marine industry. The study is devoted to analysing the integration of language and technical skills, highlighting their symbiotic relationship in the educational context. This paper explores the development of modern approaches to teaching Maritime English, emphasising continuous assessment and adapting teaching strategies. The assessment and evaluation methods were used to measure language proficiency, demonstrating the importance of ongoing assessment to monitor progress and adapt teaching strategies. Additionally, this article examines the influence of e-learning and digital resources, shedding light on advancements, challenges, and opportunities in Maritime English education. The importance of cross-cultural communication training is discussed, emphasising its role in preparing future ship engineers for an international working environment on a ship. Case studies, best practices, and lessons conducted at Kherson State Maritime Academy (KSMA), Ukraine, are shared to provide practical insights for teachers. The implications of international language proficiency regulations in the maritime industry are also addressed. By analysing the impact of these pedagogical approaches on ship engineers' safety and crisis management capabilities, this article highlights the tangible benefits of effective Maritime English education. For mobile learning app developers, the study suggests integrating features that promote collaborative learning, interactive assessments, and personalised feedback to optimise learning experiences. Overall, integrating online learning tools and technologies (e.g. Moodle LMS) presents a promising avenue for advancing Maritime English education and preparing future ship engineers for the challenges of the marine industry today.

Educational Opportunities in the Maritime Sector and the Development of the Bangladeshi Economy

The concept of a blue economy recognizes the seas and oceans as main drivers for economic development with great potential for innovation and growth. Bangladesh is blessed with an approximately 700 km long coast with nearly 1,18,813 sq. km. of maritime area. Hence it is likely to emerge as an important maritime State. The maritime sector in this country has a huge potential to boost national economic growth and thereby harness the blue economy. To tap the benefits from this sector, among others, there is a need to develop maritime human resources. Competent maritime human resources are considered the backbone of the blue economy and hence the national economic growth. As such Bangladesh needs to emphasize more on developing human resources in this sector through proper maritime education. Collaboration at the national and international level in the area of maritime research and education may be given priority to mitigate the challenges militating against the national economic growth. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Maritime University, Bangladesh may play a key role in unlocking the potential of Maritime Education for enhanced national economic growth.

China’s Discourse of Maritime Power: A Thematic Analysis

ABSTRACT The Chinese government is rapidly expanding its navy to achieve the goal of becoming a ‘strong maritime state’. China’s government leaders emphasise that a strong Chinese maritime state bears no resemblance to historical naval powers, and argue that naval expansion is for ‘strategic support’ of maritime power building. This article interrogates official claims about the distinctiveness of China’s naval build up. Through an analysis of Chinese policy papers and scholarly literature produced between 2003 and 2023, the study identifies major themes of China’s maritime power. It concludes that the development is mostly aligned with the typical conceptual framework of maritime power building, even though its official discourse has pushed the concept of maritime power in novel and expansive directions.

Impacts of coastal protection measures along the coast of Kerala, India (through remote sensing techniques)

ABSTRACT The maritime state, Kerala, is located along the southwest coast of the Indian peninsula, which extends from Trivandrum district (8° 17´ 41.03´´ N, 77° 5´ 37.29´´ E) in the South to Kasaragod district (12° 45´ 20.76´´ N, 74° 51´ 58.92´´ E) in the North, exposed to the waves from the Arabian Sea. The shoreline is extremely dynamic due to the impact of waves, tides, currents, coastal orientation and other associated occasional coastal hazards. The annual climatic calendar for the Kerala coast can be broadly classified as South-West monsoon (June to September), North-East Monsoon (October to December), and Pre-monsoon or Non-Monsoon (January to May). Prior to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, a standardised seawall section had been preferred for highly eroding coastal stretches. The coastal hazards in addition to the tsunami impact paved the way for considering several other structures for coastal protection, of which groyne fields have been predominantly implemented. As it is essential to quantify the performance assessment of these protection measures, an exercise using the DSAS (Digital Shoreline Analysis System) tool was carried out, the results of which are presented and discussed in this paper.

Mapping of potential sea-cage farming sites throughspatial modelling: Preliminary operative suggestionsto aid sustainable mariculture expansion in India

Sea cage farming in marine open waters is considered as the most viable technique in Indianmariculture to enhance production. Owing to the support of the government in researchand development, and policy initiatives, marine cage farming is progressing steadily in thecountry. Technological guidance from research institutions and financing under the ambitious“Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)” and blue growth mission objectives haveinspired stakeholders and fisheries administrators in maritime states to explore open seacage culture. Site selection is a key parameter affecting the success of cage culture systemsand, technically analysed geo-referenced demarcation of spatial information is necessaryfor minimising the risks. Thus, in the light of rising demand for spatial allocation of coastalareas, the present study identifies and aggregates locations within 3 km of the coastline,that have the potential for sea cage farming operations in the country. The site suitabilitywas examined based on optimal standards required for the prospective candidate speciesselected for mariculture in India. The locations were vectorised in a GIS platform, and thepotential areas available for sea cage installations were demarcated. An optimised sitesuitability schema was developed for the spatial demarcation of potential site selection.The preliminary results identified 134 sites covering a total area of 46,823.2 ha suitablefor marine cage culture along Indian territorial waters. Among the coastal states, the topthree states holding the maximum area suitable for sea cage farming are Andhra Pradesh(11,792 ha), Gujarat (11,572.2 ha) and Tamil Nadu (7,673 ha). It is envisaged that spatialsuitability demarcation even on this pilot scale will accelerate the expansion of sea cagefarming in the country. Keywords:GIS Mapping, Mariculture, PMMSY, Sea cage farming, Site suitability, Spatial planning

The European way of Ukraine for the organization of search and rescue at sea

The article examines the legal framework for the organization of search and rescue at sea in Ukraine in the context of European integration, and also investigates the existing shortcomings and overlaps in the distribution of functions and assignment of tasks between the State structures of Ukraine, and identifies the areas for reforming the organization of search and rescue at sea to improve efficiency and bring Ukraine closer to the state of search and rescue at sea in the European Union (EU).
 The relevance of the study lies in the strategic direction of Ukraine towards EU membership and the approximation of Ukrainian legislation to that of the European Union, which requires reform of legal regulation in the field of search and rescue at sea in Ukraine.
 Ukraine, as a maritime state and a member of the International Maritime Organization, has assumed an international obligation under the International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue, 1979, and acceded to it by Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine No. 2786-XII of November 17, 1992.
 Accordingly, the purpose of the publication is to conduct a theoretical study of the issues related to Ukraine’s implementation of the international obligation to search for and save human life in case of maritime disaster in the context of European integration and trends for its improvement.
 The methodological basis of the study is a systematic structural analysis of the organizational (institutional) and legal regulation of search and rescue at sea.
 The article also provides conclusions on the areas of legal reform and improvement of the efficiency of the organization of search and rescue at sea in Ukraine with a view to improving the legal regulation of this area of legal relations to a level which would be in line with international standards and bring it closer to the legislation of the European Union.

SYSTEM-PARAMETRIC IMPERATIVES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AQUACULTURE IN THE UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGION

Topicality. Modern socio-economic development is characterized by a steady growth of resource-ecological, economic, political and other crisis problems. These factors create a high level of threats to food security both at the national and international levels. For Ukraine, this problem is actualized as a result of russia's military aggression. This situation determines the need for comprehensive knowledge of the specified problems in the interests of sustainable development of Ukraine.
 Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is a scientific and methodological search for promising directions and effective solutions to the problems of sustainable food security in Ukraine over a fairly long time scale. At the same time, the task of scientific substantiation of the mobilization strategy for the development of domestic (within the territory of Ukraine) natural resource potential of aquaculture is set.
 Materials and methods. Regulatory and legal materials, including the Law of Ukraine "On Aquaculture", the report of the State Fisheries Agency of Ukraine, etc., which determine state policy in the field of fisheries and aquaculture development, were used as the information base of the research. The methodology and methods of the theory of complex systems, the principles of nonlinear and synergistic interpretations, etc. are used as tools for solving the tasks in the work.
 Research results. The scientific and economic foundations of the development of the aquaculture development program based on the natural resource potential of the Ukrainian Black Sea region have been developed. The work presents the results of research related to the formation of a conceptual basis for the development of a program-oriented direction of aquaculture development in relation to the conditions of Ukraine. Based on the high level of uncertainty of the studied problems in the work, the field of aquaculture of the state (region) is considered as a complex (non-linear) socio-ecological-economic system (SEES). Particular importance in the work is given to the question of the methodology of forming a system of imperatives for the development of complex objects, which is considered according to such directions as actual, categorical, modal and hypothetical imperatives. The specified system of imperatives is considered in connection with other development factors as one of the important elements of the driving forces of the development of the SEES, in relation to the conditions of development of the Ukrainian Black Sea region.
 Conclusion. Methodological and methodological approaches to the system-parametric understanding of complex socio-ecological-economic objects discussed in the work are an important basis for substantiating effective directions of development and ways of solving problems of sustainable development of natural and economic systems. The development of aquaculture in the Ukrainian Black Sea region is considered as a problem of solving the issues of ensuring national food security, improving the quality of life of the country's population and a factor in the revival of Ukraine as a maritime state.

TRANSFORMASI KABUPATEN CILACAP MENUJU WILAYAH BERKARAKTER NEGARA KELAUTAN

This research was conducted to contribute ideas regarding maritime countries. How regions within a maritime state must implement certain instruments in order to be said to be part of a maritime state. This research aims to provide a description of the transformation of Cilacap district into a region based on its character as a maritime country. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative with the type of data including secondary data and the collection technique used is library research. The data analysis technique used is the qualitative content analysis data analysis technique, namely which is the author analyzes secondary data, then uses theory to explain a phenomenon or event that the author is researching. This research concludes that based on six important sources of instruments related to transformation into a region that has the character of being part of a maritime country, Cilacap, with its potential and optimal utilization, has taken steps to become a region that has a maritime character. This research recommends that more in-depth research can be carried out regarding areas that actually already have potential or have implemented certain instruments as part of a maritime country.

The use of video materials in online classes of English for specific purposes

Problem statement . In recent years, the distance format is no longer a rarity and is being actively introduced into the educational process. However, in higher school, when teaching specialised subjects, including English for specific purposes, there is a certain difficulty in making a class dynamic and interesting for students. The use of video materials seems to be one of the ways to solve this problem. The aim of the study - to consider the issues related to the use of videos in classes of English for specific purposes. Methodology . The research covers such topics as advantages of using videos in English language teaching and criteria for their selection as well as preparation of video-related tasks. It also highlights specifics of using news video content as a tool for teaching English. Particular attention is paid to the use of video content in distance learning conditions. The examples of practical experience of using videos in English classes for thirdand fourth-year students studying “Transport Processes Technologies” in Admiral Makarov State Maritime University of Maritime an Inland Shipping in St. Petersburg are given. Results . The use of videos in distance learning classes has a significant number of advantages for students. The practice showed that the most interesting and effective to be used in online classes are newscasts. Conclusion . It is concluded that the process of class preparation using video materials is challenging for teachers, but at the same time that its use has a positive impact on their professional growth and on the effectiveness of the educational process.

Politik Hukum Pembangunan Kemaritiman Dalam Batasan Wilayah Perairan di Indonesia

The importance of maritime development legal politics is because the Indonesian nation until now has not had a national policy on the development of an integrated archipelagic state, weak understanding and awareness of Indonesia as an archipelagic state, has not set the boundaries of territorial waters even though the territorial waters, weak defense and state resilience from the seaside. Based on these problems, efforts to protect and ensure state security by sea are absolute. How is the legal politics of maritime development within the boundaries of territorial waters in Indonesia and how the enforcement of maritime law in Indonesian maritime waters is related to the country's maritime security? This research uses empirical juridical research methods, through tracing and reviewing secondary data, in the form of laws and regulations, academic manuscripts, policy recommendations, and scientific works of experts in the field of maritime development. The results of the discussion of the internationally recognized politics of maritime development law are very important, as a rule that can be used as a reference, especially by countries that have ratified it in determining maritime policy. The government has set various development policies and development of the maritime sector and is still weak in consistency and priority of implementation of these programs. Law enforcement in the maritime sector of Indonesia related to state maritime security is indispensable for the implementation of state maritime security in inland waters, archipelagic waters, Indonesian territorial seas, sea lanes, straits for international shipping of the Indonesian continental shelf, EEZ, and additional zones due to various forms of threats and threats to the Indonesian sea which has abundant natural resource potential and geographical position and strategic geopolitics.

Maritime Heritage and the Belt and Road Initiative: A Historiographical Perspective on Malaysia's Journey as a Maritime Nation

The seas and oceans have traditionally been a source of inspiration in the search for truth, and has gone on to successfully negate the human worldview that associated it with various elements of mythos and superstition. The seas and oceans also have their own advantages in that they have strengthened the relationship between countries and helped form a united spirit, mutual understanding, unity, and generate wealth. It is an invaluable, irreplaceable, and unmodifiable treasure. In the traditional narratives of the Malay World, the close tie between "sea-folk" and seas such as the South China Sea, the Sulu Sea, the Sulawesi Sea, the Flores Sea, the Java Sea, the Banda Sea, and so on which are all found within in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean is undeniable. In fact, it is no exaggeration to say that the changes and developments that exist in the Southeast Asian region today, i.e. from bearing the characteristics of traditional governments to becoming modern nations are anchored to the seas and oceans, and the role played by seafaring tribesmen who had the seas run in their blood. However, nowadays it seems that these services and sacrifices for thousands of years seem to have remained only in the annals of history and not been paid much heed to. The emergence of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) doctrine introduced by China in 2013 appears to have given new hope to the seas and oceans to be elevated once again and used as an agenda for development by various countries in the region. Hence, this paper aims to discuss several terms, concepts and scopes in marine discipline; the importance of marine history teaching in the region from a histiographical perspective; the extent of how far the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) doctrine has been given serious attention by Malaysia towards becoming a maritime state; the opportunities and obstacles challenges; and some prerequisites to be taken into account in making this mission and vision for Malaysia a reality.

Maritime Heritage and the Belt and Road Initiative: A Historiographical Perspective on Malaysia's Journey as a Maritime Nation

The seas and oceans have traditionally been a source of inspiration in the search for truth, and has gone on to successfully negate the human worldview that associated it with various elements of mythos and superstition. The seas and oceans also have their own advantages in that they have strengthened the relationship between countries and helped form a united spirit, mutual understanding, unity, and generate wealth. It is an invaluable, irreplaceable, and unmodifiable treasure. In the traditional narratives of the Malay World, the close tie between "sea-folk" and seas such as the South China Sea, the Sulu Sea, the Sulawesi Sea, the Flores Sea, the Java Sea, the Banda Sea, and so on which are all found within in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean is undeniable. In fact, it is no exaggeration to say that the changes and developments that exist in the Southeast Asian region today, i.e. from bearing the characteristics of traditional governments to becoming modern nations are anchored to the seas and oceans, and the role played by seafaring tribesmen who had the seas run in their blood. However, nowadays it seems that these services and sacrifices for thousands of years seem to have remained only in the annals of history and not been paid much heed to. The emergence of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) doctrine introduced by China in 2013 appears to have given new hope to the seas and oceans to be elevated once again and used as an agenda for development by various countries in the region. Hence, this paper aims to discuss several terms, concepts and scopes in marine discipline; the importance of marine history teaching in the region from a histiographical perspective; the extent of how far the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) doctrine has been given serious attention by Malaysia towards becoming a maritime state; the opportunities and obstacles challenges; and some prerequisites to be taken into account in making this mission and vision for Malaysia a reality.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Melalui Pelatihan Teknis Operasional Mesin Cetak Pelet bagi Kelompok Budidaya Ikan Kelurahan Beji Kabupaten Semarang

This service aims to increase the knowledge and skills of the fish farming group in Beji Village, Semarang Regency, regarding the operational technicalities of pellet printing machines to empower village communities. The method used in this service was training, which included lectures, questions and answers, and direct practice in making fish food pellets with material provided to participants, including knowledge of tool operation, tool components, and troubleshooting on tools. This service partner was a fish farming group in Beji Village, East Ungaran District, to improve the community's economic level around the new campus of the Indonesian State Maritime Polytechnic in Ngobo sub-district, which borders Beji sub-district. This service evaluation instrument used an assessment of the training participants by practicing operating, disassembling, and installing spare parts for the fish pellet printing machine themselves. The results of this service showed that most members of the fish farming group in Beji sub-district could operate the fish pellet press and care for it well. Apart from that, the quality and quantity of catfish feed increased because the the fish farming group had been able to produce fish feed independently.

Why Not Mahan? Path Dependence in Modern Japanese Geostrategic Thinking of the Pacific

Abstract It is well known that during the 1930s and the 1940s intellectuals in Japan, an island state, devoured geopolitical theories constructed in a typical ‘land power’, Germany. Not only did this fad contradict the geographical reality of Japanese territory. It was also at odds with Japan’s contemporary national identity as a maritime state. This article highlights intellectual path dependence as the key to explaining this conundrum. The initial decision that paved the way for the adoption of the German tradition of geopolitics was made shortly before the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War by political scientist Onozuka Kiheiji, who consciously opted for the geographical ideas of Friedrich Ratzel instead of the naval strategy of Alfred Thayer Mahan as a theoretical guide and justification for empire-building. This article illustrates how the choice made by Onozuka induced his students, who became leading intellectual figures after World War I, to follow the evolution of German geopolitics and to propagate the ideas of Karl Haushofer at the beginning of the Pacific War. The article ends by briefly describing how the Geopolitik tradition was overcome by the formation of a new maritime national identity after the war.

Politik Birokrasi dalam Keamanan Pelabuhan di Indonesia: Sebuah Sebab Ketidakamanan

Abstract The economy of maritime states such as Indonesia rely on the sea, not only to extract natural resources but also as an essential medium for domestic and international trade. Focusing on the aspect of trade, it is important for maritime states such as Indonesia to have sea ports that function optimally. One of the determinants of the functionality of sea ports is port security. Despite being a maritime state, the security of sea ports in Indonesia is questionable. The presence of the so called “port mafia” and numerous accounts of crime in Indonesian sea ports as well as maritime traffic accidents indicate that Indonesia is not doing well enough to safeguard the security of her ports. This article scrutinizes the security of major international ports in Indonesia. Analysis is conducted using the bureaucratic politics theory framework. Based on the assumptions of the bureaucratic politics theory, this paper finds that the multiple actors involved in securing Indonesia’s major international ports have failed to function in a coordinated matter due to poor implementation of port security policy. The poor implementation of port security itself is caused by the competing interests of said actors. Keywords: Bureaucratic competition, bureaucratic politics, Indonesia, Port security, Sea ports