Women's Marital Satisfaction Research Articles

Effect of Self-Healing Intervention Program on Psychological Well-Being and Marital Satisfaction of Women Victimized by Domestic Violence

A total of 30 volunteers were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria using convenience sampling. They were then randomized into the experiment (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The participants responded to Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB) and ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale in three stages of pretest, post-test, and follow-up. The experimental group underwent fourteen sessions (90-minute sessions per week) of self-healing. The repeated measures ANOVA and SPSS-26 were used to analyze the data. Self-healing training improved the elements of psychological well-being and marital satisfaction (p < 0.01).

The Effectiveness of Training Bowen's Family Therapy Approach on Marital Satisfaction of Married Women in the Aligodarz of City (In the West of Iran), in 2019

Introduction: Marital satisfaction is one of the most important signs of a favorable relationship between couples. This research aimed to survey the effectiveness of training using Bowen's family therapy approach on marital satisfaction of married women in the city of Aligodarz (In the west of Iran).&#x0D; Method: This study was a quasiexperi mental study using a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of counseling applicant married women in the city of Aligodarz in 2019. By convenience sampling, 30 married women were selected and participated in this study. After recording the subjects' scores in the pre-test stage, the experimental group was exposed to the intervention (training course), but no operations were performed on the control group. Data gathering was carried out using a demographic questionnaire and ENRICH marital satisfaction scale. Frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation indices were used to describe and Chi-square test was used to examine the homogeneity of the two groups in terms of study variables and multivariate analysis of covariance were performed in SPSS 24 software with a significancel level of 5%.&#x0D; Results: Descriptive findings showed that the mean (standard deviation) of the total score of the marital satisfaction variable in the pre-test and post-test stages was 131.60 (26.89) and 142.81 (25.24) in the experimental group and 132.66 (24.09) and 132.26 (21.92) in the control group, respectively. The inferential findings showed that Bowen's family therapy approach has a significant effect on some of the dimensions of marital satisfaction (religious orientation, equality of women and men, children and parenting, sexual relation, financial management, conflict resolution, and marital satisfaction) (p&lt; 0.05). On the other hand, this approach was not practical in improving other aspects of marital satisfaction (relationship with family and friends, leisure time, marital relationship, personality issues, and contractual responses) (p&gt; 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: The present study results showed an increase in marital satisfaction of married women using the Bowen family therapy approach. Therefore, it is recommended to use Bowen's family therapy approach to improve women's marital satisfaction with family problems.&#x0D;

Investigating the Sexual Satisfaction Mediating Role in the Relationship between Health Literacy and Self-Care of Men with Diabetes and Women's Marital Satisfaction

Investigating the Sexual Satisfaction Mediating Role in the Relationship between Health Literacy and Self-Care of Men with Diabetes and Women's Marital Satisfaction

Mediators for Effect of Mindfulness in Promoting Marital Satisfaction: Modeling Structural Equations in an Experimental Study.

Objective: The present study evaluated the model of mediating variables concerning effectiveness of mindfulness in improving women's marital satisfaction. Method: This study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control groups. The statistical population included every married woman in Tehran in the year 1396 (2017). The research sample was composed of 60 married women with moderate marital satisfaction. They were chosen using the convenient sampling technique and were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. The experimental group attended 8 sessions of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and the control group was on a waiting list. Both groups answered the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Interpersonal Reactivity Inventory (IRI), Needs for Intimacy Questionnaire of Bagarozi, Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and the Couple Satisfaction Index (CSI) before and at end of intervention. The data were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using PLS-22 and SPSS-23. Results: In the initial hypothetical model, which included the direct effect of mindfulness on marital satisfaction and its indirect effects through psychological distress, emotion regulation, empathy, marital intimacy and positive emotion on marital satisfaction, coefficients of all model paths were significant at 95% level except direct path of mindfulness to marital satisfaction (t = 1.14), marital intimacy to marital satisfaction (t = 0.48) and positive affection to marital satisfaction (t = 1.75). After removing the non-significant paths, the model was tested again and the model fit index (GOF = 0.47) was a very good fit for the modified overall model. Conclusion: The results identified mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention was effective in enhancing marital satisfaction through reducing psychological distress and improving emotion regulation and empathy.

Evaluation of Marital Satisfaction and its Related Factors in Women Referred to Jahrom Women’s Clinic in 2021

Background and Objectives: Marital satisfaction is one of the concepts that causes sexual health in a person and one of the most important factors in the family is marital satisfaction. The aim of this study was to investigate marital satisfaction in women referred to the gynecology clinic in Jahrom. Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in 2021 with the participation of 194 women referring to the women's clinic in Jahrom city using easy and accessible sampling. The data collection tools were demographic-social characteristics and Inrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire. Results: The majority of women (49%) had high marital satisfaction and 19.1% had very high marital satisfaction. There was a significant inverse correlation between cohabitation and marital satisfaction (P=0.03, r= -0.2). Also, a significant inverse correlation was observed between the number of children and the level of marital satisfaction (P=0.002, r= -0.2). There was a significant relationship between income level and marital satisfaction (P=0.04) Conclusion: The rate of marital satisfaction in women in Jahrom is in the medium to high range and the component of cohabitation and the number of children was one of the factors that played a role in improving marital satisfaction of women. Therefore, demographic factors are related to the level of marital satisfaction of individuals and due to the effect of marital satisfaction on family strength and stability, it is necessary to consider in planning social, environmental and demographic characteristics of couples to improve the health of families

Comparison of cognitive and emotional schema in women with and without marital satisfaction

Objectives: Various factors are effective in dissatisfaction and marital conflicts. Schemas play an important role in behavior and relationships. This study examined the role of cognitive and emotional schemes in women's marital satisfaction. Methods: This study was a cross sectional research and the population consists of all married women 20-55 years old in Tehran. 100 women were selected using stratified random sampling in categories of housewives and employed and place of living and completed questionnaires. The assessment tools included The Young's early maladaptive Schema Short Form (YSQ-SF), Leahy Emotional Schemas (LESS) and Enrich Marital Satisfaction questionnaire. Women with and without marital satisfaction were separated based on t score obtained from the ENRICH questionnaire. Results: Findings showed no significant differences in demographic data for women with and without marital satisfaction (P &lt;0.05). Results of independent t test and Mann-Whitney showed that women with and without marital satisfaction are different in all schemas except schemas of sacrifice and unrelenting standards and schemas of control, blame, comprehensibility, acceptance of feelings, consensus, validation and higher values of emotional schemas (P &lt;0.05).The regression analysis showed Abandonment schema and unrelenting standards schema and schema of guilt and validation of emotional schemas can predict marital satisfaction (P &lt;0.05).And schemas guilt , blame, emotional deprivation and unrelenting standards simultaneously correlated with marital satisfaction (P &lt;0.05). Conclusion: The formation and development of cognitive and emotional schemas during life can influence various aspects of married life. So that these schemas have an important role in evaluation of emotional partner and attitude toward them.

A Comparative Study of the Effect of Group Reality Therapy Training and Group Cognitive-Behavioral Training on Empathy and Self-Control and Marital Satisfaction of Women with Marital Conflict

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of reality therapy and cognitive-behavioral training on empathy and self-control of women with marital conflicts. Methods: The design of the present study was a quasi-experimental with pre/post-test and follow-up, and included a control group. The statistical population of the study included all women with conflict with their husbands who referred to counseling centers in 7th district of Tehran in 2020. Among them, 60 people were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups and a control group (twenty individuals in each group). Initially, all three groups underwent a pre-test, followed by 8 sessions of reality therapy for the first experimental group (Glasser, 2012) and 8 sessions of cognitive-behavioral training (Free, 1999) for the second experimental group. At the end, post-test was performed for all three groups and after three months, a follow-up test was performed to confirm the results. Data collection tools included the Sanai and Barati Marital Conflict Questionnaire, the Julif and Farrington Empathy Questionnaire, and the self-control Questionnaire of Tanji et al. Findings: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that both reality group therapy and cognitive-behavioral training had a significant effect on empathy and self-control of women with marital conflict (P&lt;0.01). cognitive-behavioral training has been more effective on self-control than reality group therapy. However, reality group therapy has been more effective on empathy than cognitive-behavioral training. Conclusion: Due to the effectiveness of both methods on research variables, the use of these trainings by psychologists and counselors in the psychological education program for people with marital conflict is recommended. Also, due to the greater impact of each training on one variable, it is suggested that paired training programs be adjusted based on these findings.

The Effectiveness of Pluralist Family Communication Model Education on Marital Satisfaction in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of teaching the pluralistic family communication model on marital satisfaction of women with premenstrual syndrome. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with pre/post-test and control group. The statistical population consisted of all women with premenstrual syndrome who referred to marriage clinic of Kermanshah (Iran) in autumn and winter of 2016. Of these, 30 were selected by purposeful sampling and were selected through an initial interview and randomly placed into treatment and control groups in equal numbers. The Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire was used in two stages of pre-test and post-test for data collection. Group intervention of the pluralistic communicative communication model was performed on the experimental group for 9 one-and-half hour weekly sessions, while no intervention was performed for the control group. Results: The results of one-way covariance analysis on pre-treatment and treatment scores showed that the teaching of the pluralistic family communication model had a significant effect on marital satisfaction of women with premenstrual syndrome (p&gt; 0.001). Conclusion: based on the findings of the present study, teaching a pluralistic communication model that is based on high-level dialogue plays a key role in marital satisfaction of women with premenstrual syndrome.

The Effect of Consulting Based On PLISSIT Model on Marital Satisfaction of Women during Pregnancy

Background & aim: Pregnancy is a critical period in the women's life which causes great changes in their feelings, sexual desire, satisfaction and sexual compatibility and the number of sexual intercourses. This study was carried out to determine the effect of counseling based on the PLISSIT model on marital satisfaction of women during pregnancy. Methods: This was an interventional study and conducted on 128 pregnant women with gestational age of 13 to 33 weeks, who were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received sexual counselling based on the PLISSIT model and control group received routine care. The marital satisfaction score was measured 2 and 4 weeks after the intervention. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and paired t-test. Results: Comparing the mean score of marital satisfaction among pregnant women in the two groups showed no statistically significant difference between groups before intervention (P=0.524). However, the mean score of marital satisfaction in the second and fourth weeks after intervention was higher in the intervention than control group (p <0.001). Also, the results of paired t-test showed that the mean score of marital satisfactionin the intervention group was significantly increased after intervention (p <0.05), whereas in the control group, no significant difference in the marital satisfaction score was seen over time. Conclusion: Sexual counseling based on PLISSIT model can improve marital satisfaction in pregnant women. It is, therefore, recommended to incorporate sexual counseling in the prenatal care of pregnant wome, particularly those with sexual dissatisfaction.

Effectivness of Communication skills training on marital satisfaction and reducing marital conflicts of female students of the University of Medical Sciences

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of communication skills training on marital satisfaction and reduce marital conflict in female students of the University of Medical Sciences. The research method was quasiexperimental with pre-test-post-test design Including a control group control group. The statistical population of the study Consisted of the total number of female students of the University of Medical Sciences 25-40 years old, from which 30 women were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Pre-test, post-test and follow-up data were obtained for each participant using Inrich Marital Satisfaction and Sanaei,s Marital Conflict Questionnaires. The experimental group underwent communication skills training for ten sessions twice a week and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by Repetead measure ANOVA with SPSS software version 22. In the experimental group, the mean (standard deviation) of marital satisfaction increased from 126.20 (8.76) before the intervention to 155.60 (9.47) after the intervention and to 162.60 (9.26) in the follow-up. Follow-up increased, also in the control group, the mean (standard deviation) of women's marital satisfaction increased from 126.26 (10.64) before the intervention to 12.446 (10.89) after the intervention and to (84.8) 121/40 decreased during the follow-up(p < 0.01). The difference between the experimental group in all three stages was statistically significant, except for the post-test and follow-up, which were not statistically significant (P <0.01). In the experimental group,

Child-Free Lifestyle and the Need for Parenthood and Relationship with Marital Satisfaction among Infertile Couples.

Objective: Marital satisfaction is considered as satisfaction with a marital relationship on which the presence of a child has different effects. Concerns about a childfree life and its effect on marital satisfaction in infertile couples are very critical. Therefore, this study was intended to characterize and compare concerns about a childfree lifestyle and the need for parenthood and their relationship with marital satisfaction in infertile couples. Method: A total of 200 men and 200 women who referred to fertility centers in Tehran participated in this cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling method was used for sampling. Demographic survey, ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, and Fertility Problem Inventory were used for data collection. The resulting data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical tests (Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Regression). Results: The mean scores for concern about a childfree lifestyle and the need for parenthood in women were significantly higher than in men. The variables rejection of a childfree lifestyle and the need for parenthood were respectively predictors of marital satisfaction in women and men.Conclusion: Since marital satisfaction in infertile couples is affected by their feelings about having a child and becoming a parent, it is therefore suggested that appropriate counseling be provided in supportive healthcare programs for infertile couples to promote their marital satisfaction.

Cognitive-Behavioral and Existential Therapies for Marital Satisfaction in Women: A Comparative Investigation of the Efficacy, Stability and Mechanisms of Changes

Due to limited of comparative studies on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), as an objective approach, and Existential Therapy (ET), as a subjective approach, on marital relationship, the current study investigates the efficacy of these two types of group psychotherapy on marital satisfaction in women. Hence, the main objects of this study are: comparative study on the efficacy of ET and CBT on marital satisfaction, stability of the intervention after 2 months, and assessing the mechanisms of changes. 16 eligible women who enrolled in the study were randomly assigned to ET or CBT groups. They were requested to fill out the marital satisfaction questionnaire (MSQ) at three stages: pre-treatment, post-treatment and after 2-month follow-up. Repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to analyze the data. The results show that there are statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-treatment and pre-treatment and follow-up in both interventions (p 0.05). Finally, although both treatment groups do exert a significant improvement on marital satisfaction (F = 89.423, p < 0.05), but the mechanisms of the changes in subscales, including “Attraction”, “Rapport”, “Attitude” and “Investment”, are different. The follow-up results show that CBT and ET have stable influences on marital satisfaction. Despite the limited number of participants, in both approaches the subscales changes are significant over time. Marital satisfaction in CBT is enhanced by greater improvements in “Rapport” and “Attraction” between the couples, but in ET it occurs more through the enhancement of “Attitude” and “Investment”.

Prevalence of mental health problems in women in polygamous versus monogamous marriages: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

While some studies suggest different mental health outcomes among women in polygamous versus monogamous marriages, no published systematic review or meta-analysis has analyzed the relevant research literature. This article aims to review the evidence of marriage types (i.e., polygamous and monogamous marriages) and differences in the prevalence of mental health issues. Eleven electronic databases, along with further identified references lists, were searched. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. They included 3166 participants, and 986 women were in a polygamous marriage. All studies were rated for quality and were tested for publication bias. Meta-analyses were conducted on the five symptoms to assess for the effect of marriage type. The studies indicate a significant association of marriage type with psychological symptoms. The meta-analysis indicates that women in polygamous marriage had worsened mental health as compared with women in monogamous marriages. The weighted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were somatization 0.53, 0.44-0.63; obsession-compulsion 0.35, 0.14-0.56; interpersonal sensitivity 0.42, 0.12-0.73; depression 0.41, 0.15-0.67; anxiety 0.41, 0.15-0.68; hostility = 0.47, 0.28-0.66; phobic anxiety 0.39, 0.17-0.61; paranoid ideation 0.35, 0.24-0.47; psychoticism 0.41, 0.23, 0.59; and Global Severity Index (GSI) 0.43, 0.25-0.60. A higher self-esteem and life satisfaction among women in polygamous marriages and statistically superior family functioning among women in monogamous marriages were also found. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the marital satisfaction of women in polygamous versus monogamous marriages. Results are consistent with the existing research on the prevalence of mental health issues among women in polygamous marriages. Nonetheless, these women were found to have elevated self-esteem and life satisfaction than women in monogamous marriages. Directions for future research are indicated.

Anxiety, depression and marital satisfaction in women with hyperemesis gravidarum: A comparative cross-sectional study in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Klang, Malaysia.

Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of vomiting that occurs among pregnant mothers. Due to the nature of HG, pregnant mothers may feel fatigued and burdened by it and questions have been raised about the emergence of psychiatric illness during this period of vulnerability. A comparative cross-sectional study using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), M.I.N.I (MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview) and ENRICH- EMS (Evaluation and Nurturing Relationship Issues, Communication and Happiness - Marital Satisfaction Scale) were performed in a group of 112 pregnant women. There were no differences in the prevalence rate of any anxiety disorder among the patient with HG vs comparative group (9% vs 3%, P > 0.05) and depressive disorder in women with HG vs comparative group (16% vs 8%, P > 0.05) respectively. There were associations between HG and gravida, past history of miscarriage, and gestational diabetes (P < 0.05). After adjustment, only past history of gestational diabetes was associated with HG as a protective factor (AOR 0.034 95% CI 0.002-0.181; P=0.0014). We found that women in the HG group tended to score statistically significantly higher than the comparison group for depressive symptoms in the HADS Depression subscale (P=0.041). We found no convincing association between HG and anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, and marital satisfaction, but women with HG statistically significantly reported more depressive symptoms than women who were not diagnosed with HG. Psychiatric evaluation should be considered for women with HG.

The relationship between quality of life, perceived stress, marital satisfaction in women conceived through ART

ABSTRACT Background The stress experienced during pregnancy and the decrease in marital satisfaction affects the quality of life of the woman negatively. Objective This study conducted to determine the quality of life and the relationship with perceived stress and marital satisfaction in pregnant women with ART. Methods This study is a descriptive and corelational study. The study sample consisted of 120 pregnant women with ART. The patient descriptive form, the Married Life Scale (SWML), The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and The Fertility Quality of Life (FertiQoL) were used for data collection in this study. Results The mean of the total score of PSS was 16.38 ± 4,721, the mean score of SWML was 23.03 ± 4.42 and the mean of the total score of FertiQoL was 81,25 ± 17,56. There was a moderate negative correlation (r = −0,551, p = 0,001) between the total score of the FertiQol and the total score of PSS and there was a moderate positive correlation (r = 0,452, p = 0,001) between FertiQol total score and SWML. Conclusion This study found that the rate of perceived stress affected the quality of life negatively and marital satisfaction affected the quality of life positively in pregnant women with ART.

The Mediating Role of Marital Conflicts in the Relationship between Communication Beliefs, Emotional Disorders, Marital Relationships, and Marital Satisfaction of Women with Addicted Spouses

The Mediating Role of Marital Conflicts in the Relationship between Communication Beliefs, Emotional Disorders, Marital Relationships, and Marital Satisfaction of Women with Addicted Spouses

Maternal omentin-1 level, quality of life and marital satisfaction in relation to mode of delivery: a prospective cohort study

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the maternal omentin-1 level, quality of life and marital satisfaction of women with cesarean and vaginal delivery.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was conducted on 45 women with elective cesarean delivery and 45 women with vaginal delivery who referred to a public hospital in Tehran, Iran. Maternal omentin-1 level was measured by ELISA kits within 24 h after delivery. The maternal quality of life and marital satisfaction in the third trimester of pregnancy and at 12 weeks postpartum were measured using WHOQOL-BREF and the Kansas marital satisfaction questionnaires, respectively. For making between-groups and within-groups comparison, independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test and chi-square test were applied accordingly.ResultsThe level of maternal omentin-1 was reported to be higher in vaginal delivery group compared to the cesarean group (p = 0.02). No significant difference was found in the quality of life between the two groups in the third trimester of pregnancy and at 12 weeks postpartum period. However, women in both groups had lower scores in physical dimension at 12 weeks postpartum compared to the third trimester of their pregnancy [mean ± SD in vaginal group = 59.28 ± 15.5 vs. 64.44 ± 15.05, p = 0.003 and mean ± SD in cesarean group = 60.07 ± 14.84 vs. 66.50 ± 11.32, p < 0.001]. The results of paired samples t-test indicated that women in NVD group had significantly higher psychological wellbeing at 12 weeks postpartum compared to the third trimester of pregnancy [mean ± SD 68.9 ± 16.82 vs. 65.73 ± 16.87, p = 0.001]. There was no significant difference in marital satisfaction between the two groups at 12 weeks postpartum (P = 0.07). The results of paired samples t-test showed that women in CS group had significantly lower marital satisfaction at 12 weeks postpartum compared to the third trimester of pregnancy [mean SD 18.86 ± 2.04 vs. 19.28 ± 1.79, p = 0.01].ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that women with NVD had higher omentin-1 level than women with CS. No significant difference was found in quality of life and marital satisfaction between NVD and CS and omentin-1 level. High level of omentin-1 in NVD may act as a protective factor for mother against metabolic disorders.

The Relationship between religious orientation and promotion of sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction in women of reproductive age.

INTRODUCTION:Marital satisfaction is a situation in which the husband and wife enjoy marrying and feeling emotional; on the other hand, the existence of religious beliefs has a significant effect on family stability. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between religious orientation, sexual satisfaction, and marital satisfaction in women of reproductive age.METHODS:This is a correlational study performed on 150 married women aged 45–45 years who referred to Neyshabur comprehensive health services centers. The sampling method was clustered. The present study used three questionnaires: Spinner Marital Satisfaction, Larson's Sexual Satisfaction, and Allport Religious Orientation Questionnaire. The reliability of these questionnaires was confirmed by the retest method. T-test, Pearson correlation, and one-way ANOVA were used for data analysis.RESULTS:Data analysis showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between religious orientation and sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction. Religious commitment has a predictive role in promoting sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction, with increasing religious commitment, increasing sexual satisfaction, and marital satisfaction.CONCLUSION:Psychologists and counselors in individual and couple counseling sessions with sexual problems and marital dissatisfaction and premarital counseling can increase marital satisfaction with regard to religious factors and religious and spiritual teachings.

The effect of educational classes during pregnancy on the level of sexual satisfaction after delivery in nulliparous women.

BACKGROUND:In the postpartum period, changes in sexual desire and marital satisfaction can be seen. Learning and giving enough information on changes in pregnancy and postpartum can help to increase marital satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of prenatal training on the level of postpartum marital satisfaction in nulliparous women.METHODS:This study is a semi-experimental two-group study in which 150 nulliparous women were divided into two groups: control and intervention groups. The samples into intervention group received routine prenatal care and eight sessions of prenatal education with a training package (educational pamphlet on sexual health and sexual issues and an educational CD on pregnancy and pelvic exercises), and the control group received only routine prenatal care along with a pregnancy education pamphlet. Marital satisfaction was measured before intervention during pregnancy and 3 months after delivery (after intervention) using the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale. Data were analyzed using t-test, paired t-test, Mann–Whitney, and Chi-square test.RESULTS:There was no significant difference in demographic and obstetric variables and pregnancy status between the two intervention and control groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in marital satisfaction during pregnancy between the two groups (before intervention) (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the level of postpartum marital satisfaction in the intervention group (P < 0/05). So that, the average marital satisfaction is increased from 52.2 to 64.6.CONCLUSION:The results of this study show that eight sessions of prenatal education class with a training package (educational pamphlet on sexual health and sexuality and training CD of prenatal and pelvic floor exercise) can improve postpartum marital satisfaction in women.

Attachment, Conflict Resolution, Marital Satisfaction, and Culture in Women

The aim of this study was to compare levels of attachment, conflict resolution strategies and marital satisfaction in women from Israel, United States, Turkey, and Spain (N = 343). A sample of individuals involved in a romantic relationship at ages 18-68 (M = 35.4, SD = 11.83) completed measures of attachment dimensions, conflict resolution strategies, and marital satisfaction. Tucker Phi coefficients revealed the same structure of the scales across all countries. Mean comparisons were used. Differences were observed among women from Israel, Turkey, USA, and Spain in attachment (avoidant and anxiety), as well as in own conflict resolution strategies and in perception of partner’s conflict resolution strategies. In individualistic countries, women reported using conflict withdrawal to a higher extent. Women from collectivistic cultures showed higher levels of avoidant attachment and of use of demand strategy. No cultural differences in women’s marital satisfaction were observed. Results are discussed in light of the combined possible effects of cultural dimensions and individual variables.