Cultural Marginalization Research Articles

Who Am I and Where Do I Belong? The Impact of Heritage Cultural Identity Salience on Immigrant Workers Acculturation Strategies.

There has been growing interest among organizational researchers in the relationship between acculturation strategies and organizational outcomes of immigrant employees. However, what is noticeably missing from the literature on acculturation strategies is how cultural values such as heritage cultural identity salience affect an immigrant employee’s acculturation strategy and subsequent work attitude and behaviors. Drawing on Berry’s (1997) acculturation strategy and framework, we examined heritage cultural identity salience, harmony enhancement, integration and marginalization acculturation strategy, turnover intention, and affective commitment among immigrant employees in the USA. In this time-lagged study, we found that heritage cultural identity salience was negatively related to marginalization and positively related to integration. Harmony enhancement significantly buffered the relationship between heritage cultural identity salience and marginalization and integration, respectively. Heritage cultural identity salience had significant indirect effects on affective commitment via marginalization and both affective commitment and turnover intention via integration. Lastly, results from the moderated mediated analysis showed that the indirect effect of heritage identity salience on affective commitment and turnover intention via integration was significantly different at varying levels of harmony enhancement. Our study affirms existing research on acculturation strategy and extends the literature by introducing harmony enhancement as a moderator. The use of Berry’s (1997) framework and the results of this study provide useful insights into the inclusion and retention of immigrant employees in the US workforce. Practical implications, as well as theoretical contributions, are discussed.

The inverted logic as a source of carnival familiarity

In breaking away from the dominant rituals, the sanctioned church holidays, and traditional rules of behavior, the article analyzes the placement of carnival culture on the margins of official culture, the inversion of social principles introduced into a reality devoid of constitutive norms in normal life, eliminating any social division by reversing values and destroying the existing order. A historical perspective raises important questions about the unparalleled features of the carnival, including the combination of people, regardless of their social and intellectual differences. In line with the adoption of the culture of laughter and its tools, the dynamics of carnival managed to assume a reversal, degradation, grotesque, bottom-up logic in order to bring people together and facilitate their interpersonal relationships.

Proposal for a new housing model for the inland areas regeneration. The BioVillage 4.0

In addition to cities and metropolises, the European territory is made up of many small settlements, custodians of a vast material and immaterial heritage, very often of great historical, cultural and environmental value. In recent decades, these realities have undergone a significant demographic decline induced by the new requirements of contemporary life: the lack of job opportunities, inadequate infrastructure, and poor essential services have encouraged the population to move to the cities, starting a process of social, cultural and economic marginalisation of rural areas. However, the current environmental crisis and the problems of urban densification are encouraging the birth of a ‘new perspective’ that considers the enhancement of inland areas and small towns as a possible driver for the sustainable development of territories and the definition of a new city-countryside relationship. Therefore, recovering inland areas is becoming an increasingly important necessity, which is leading to the drafting of many plans and interventions aimed at reversing the demographic decline trend. Among the most representative projects, two European strategies are based on the Ecovillage and Smart Villages models. Both models emphasise the role of local communities in deciding what action should be carried out to valorise small towns. However, the modalities and nature of the interventions and their methodological approach are substantially different. In view of the above, and starting from the analysis of some emblematic case studies, the paper investigates the peculiarities of the Ecovillage and Smart Villages models, with the aim of highlighting their main criticalities and potentials. From the comparison between the two strategies, a new model for the recovery and valorisation of small towns is proposed, which is called BioVillage 4.0.

Toward an impact‐driven framework to operationalize social justice and implement ICT4D in the field of information

AbstractInformation researchers can further social justice and social equity to meet the needs of minority and underserved populations experiencing intersecting modes of cultural marginalization. Scholars of information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D) can find overlooked intersections with social justice in “community networking” research since the 1980s to overcome the digital divides between the haves and have‐nots. To frame social justice initiatives within a consolidated vision of ICT4D in the field of information, this article proposes an impact‐driven framework, expounded through five interrelated elements: why (motivations), with who (engaged constituencies), how (at external and internal levels to change traditional practices), and toward what (goal). It is explicated through select historical instances of “community networking” and digital divides, ICT4D, and social justice intersections. Significance of the elements is also demonstrated via this author's select information‐related social justice research conducted in the United States. The urgency for critical and reflective conversations is important owing to historically abstracted human information behavior theory development within information research outdated in multiple contextualized needs of contemporary times. Historically situating impact‐driven social justice research is important to further the relevance, existence, and growth of the information field as it strengthens its ties with ICT4D.

Muzička kultura u Bosni i Hercegovini - "grosso modo" / Music Culture in Bosnia and Herzegovina - "Grosso Modo"

The independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina, after centuries of integration into different social and state solutions, enabled new research and different views on the issues of autonomous and autochthonous culture of Bosnia and Herzegovina and music culture, so at the end of the 20th century, research on music in B&H intensified. The aim of this paper is to present the main guidelines of the development path of music culture in B&H and to point out its continuity regardless of the assumptions of its discontinuity. The question of the place and importance of culture and music culture is essential in every society, including Bosnia and Herzegovina, although in the overall social context, especially in the current economic and other circumstances in B&H, culture and music culture are not given adequate attention. The historical and comparative method of researching the problems of music culture development in B&H presents the most important developmental characteristics and points to a certain continuity of development of Bosnian music culture as part of the overall cultural heritage which is often unfairly on the margins of Bosnian culture of living.

Концептуальные особенности этноконфессиональной напряженности в социальных сетях

The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the information and communication environment of the Internet is a highly insecure space, where there are ethno-confessional conflicts and social tensions that require special study. This article is based on the materials of a number of field studies conducted by the research team during 2019–2021, in particular, monitoring of thematic Internet communities of ethnic orientation, interviews with representatives of extremist communities, with representatives of radical movements in Islam, as well as with representatives of radical subcultures of a racist orientation. The authors conclude that the main factors that influenced the formation of a personality prone to xenophobia were social deprivation, economic disadvantage and cultural marginalization of the environment in which the person grew up. Ethnic, linguistic, religious diversity contains prerequisites for the emergence of discrimination and conflictogenicity.

Toward a Restorative Math Pedagogy: A Theoretical Overlay Between Two Relational Approaches to Schooling and Mathematics Instruction

Emphasized by the fallout of the pandemic, critical math scholars have long-since called for resistance to the cultural marginalization, systemic racism and violence of math instruction by crafting a liberatory and humanizing mathematics education. In response to that call, this paper illuminates the theoretical connections between the frameworks of two relational approaches to schooling, Restorative Justice in Education (RJE) and Cognitively Guided Instruction in Mathematics (CGI). Through discussing the intersections of the components of both frameworks and their shared vision of equity and agency for all students, this paper argues that integrating restorative justice into math instruction is not only possible, but necessary.

From the Editors

From the Editors

The Emergence of Football: Sport, Culture and Society in the Nineteenth Century

Peter Swain's monograph The Emergence of Football: Sport, Culture and Society in the Nineteenth Century makes an important contribution to one of the major ongoing debates within the historiography of soccer. This centers on the significance afforded to the public schools and their former pupils in the codification of the game, its spread, and the extent to which forms of folk football had died out by the 1830s. The book is structured around ten chapters. Following the introduction, chapter 1 examines the earliest evidence for football in Britain. Swain carefully chronicles its presence from (possibly) the twelfth century onward, mainly through evidence of government legislation and rulers’ attempts to curtail its existence, owing to its sometimes violent nature.This is a solid opening before the author goes on to discuss the historiography of the Industrial Revolution in chapter 2. Having provided new evidence for the presence of camping or “camp-ball” until its demise in the 1830s, the author then moves on to challenge the view posited by Graham Curry and Eric Dunning that there was “a cultural marginalization of folk football” during the period from 1780 to 1850, in which a “civilizing spurt” occurred whereby people became less inclined to participate in or view violence.In chapter 4, Swain draws largely on the work of fellow “revisionist” Adrian Harvey and, at times, challenges his opinions on the state of folk football in the nineteenth century. Swain then provides evidence in chapter 5 of how folk football continued in forty-two areas in England and Scotland, arguing that “the so-called ‘civilising spurt’ had bypassed vast areas, if not all, of the country and that, after 1830, mass, folk and traditional forms of football were certainly not ‘dead’ as claimed by many ‘dominant paradigm’ historians.” In chapter 6, Swain provides more evidence for forms of football outside the public schools, although as he admits, the origins of the game were complicated, and some forms gave way to religious interference and other “immense economic, social and cultural pressures, particularly with regard to Parliamentary enclosures and migration, and collapsed under the pressure” (124–25).In chapters 7 and 8, he specifically addresses the idea that the playing of football went into decline “in the wider community between 1830 and 1860” by providing more evidence to the contrary. For example, Swain has unearthed reports of a ten-a-side match between the parishes of Ruskington and Walcot in 1831, while it was also played in Sheffield, London, and Bedford that year (135). Chapter 8 is the shortest chapter, but at the end, Swain references an array of examples he has found in the newspapers covering the 1840s until the 1850s, highlighting, as he states, “that the game was extant all across the country outside the public schools” (166). His references include reports from the army, religious meetings, the workplace, school outings and festivals, clubs, and other forms of associational culture.The final two chapters focus on the formation of the English Football Association in 1863 and the development of clubs in Sheffield, Lancashire, and elsewhere. In chapter 9, Swain stresses that a strong culture of football in Sheffield “prevented the FA from disbanding in 1867” and that this area had a much stronger influence on the rules of the game than has been acknowledged elsewhere (186). The growth of professionalism within football in Lancashire was aided by an existing culture of commercialized sport and the influence of the lower middle class. In the final chapter, Swain reaffirms his belief in the importance of these men, rather than the educational elite, in helping to get the FA off the ground as the organization was “saved from oblivion by Sheffield and then recast into the professional game by the lower middle and working classes, particularly in the cotton towns of south-east Lancashire, drawing on their own footballing cultural heritage” (232).Generally, the overall structure of the book's chapters might have been improved as the author varies between the use of subheadings (some chapters have none) and more structured sections. Chapters 5, 6, 9, and 10 each have a conclusion, while the others do not, and the book lacks an overall conclusion at its end. More maps would also have been welcome given the rich geographical detail throughout. In producing such a passionate work, Swain has certainly made his mark on the historiography of the origins of association football, with his highly detailed research adding greatly to the study of regional areas and to what we know about how the world's most popular sport initially developed.

Land Deterioration and Environmental Damage: A Postcolonial Eco-critical Study of How Beautiful We Were (2021)

The paper tries to answer, how western corporations are responsible for land deterioration and environmental damage under the guise of development. It brings forth neocolonial forces into the limelight that have caused ecological damage. The study is guided by the postcolonial eco- critical model of Huggan and Tiffin (2010). Huggan and Tiffin assert the intertwined correlation among environmental violence, marginalization of the indigenous groups, and destruction of land by the neocolonial agencies. The findings are based on data supplied by textual analysis of the novel. The study reveals the ways in which oil corporations exploit the resources, contaminate the land, damage the environment, and cause economic inequality. It is a typical fictional study of neocolonial agencies’ ironic dreams of development and progress. The novel not only voices the environmental injustices and the disastrous consequences of Oil Corporation but also the cultural and social marginalization of locals. It has been suggested that western neocolonial corporations are the real culprits of ecological damage in Asia and Africa. Therefore, time is ripe for the world to reverse the damage and take a step towards inclusive and human-centered sustainable development.

The Planet: A Lament for Environmentally Engaged Citizenship?

This article focuses on Garin Nugroho’s stage play The Planet: A Lament, which combines song and dance, predominantly from Eastern Indonesia, with video and other visuals that bewail the human destruction of the natural environment. I argue that the performance embodies a call for planetary citizenship that bridges art and spirituality as well as aspects of deep ecology and political ecology. The combination of art and spirituality facilitates intimate connections between audiences and phenomena that are otherwise relatively inaccessible and difficult to grasp due to their specific philosophical, scientific, socio-political or cultural-linguistic character. Moreover, the stage play draws connections between some of the worst environmental disaster zones in Indonesia and the socio-political, religious and cultural suppression or marginalisation of the people living in the affected areas. I seek to demonstrate how its engagement with marginalised ethnic groups, cultural traditions and religions provide a foundation for environmental renewal. At the same time, some aspects of this foundation are weakened by ambiguities around the sponsorship and promotion of the production. This article discusses the play’s structure, aesthetics and representation of race and religion; its position in Nugroho’s larger socially, politically and environmentally engaged oeuvre; and the politics of promotion and sponsorship.

Exploring the Margins of Kotha Culture : Reconstructing a Courtesan’s life in Neelum Saran Gour’s <em>Requiem in Raga Janki</em>

In their article, “Exploring the Margins of Kotha Culture: Reconstructing a Courtesan’s life in Neelum Saran Gour’s Requiem in Raga Janki,” Chhandita Das and Priyanka Tripathi discuss the invisible challenges in life of a famous courtesan Janki Bai Ilahabadi through close analysis of Neelum Saran Gour’s 2018 novel, Requiem in Raga Janki. In this novel, Janki belongs to the infamous kotha but she never fails to seek her subjectivity. This marginal place of Janaki’s belonging will be discussed by appropriating and the theoretical framework of Indian feminist Lata Singh’s (2007) for whom courtesans have been represented as “‘other’ in history” (1677). Other than Singh, bell hooks’ ‘margin as a space of radical openness’ (Yearning 228), Veena Oldenburg’s spectacular scholarship on courtesans’ in ‘Lifestyle as Resistance’ (1990) will be synthesized to deconstruct the social hierarchy. Although baijis or tawaifs in India possess rich artistic heritage but surprisingly enough they have been often in a questionable space wherein their individual and social integrity has been compromised. Gour attempts to rewrite life of a courtesan from Allahabad and in the process creates an alternative discourse or understanding of a courtesan’s life through Janki, matron, yes! not patron of Indian classical music and tradition.

Travelling Noodles and Migrating Pieces of Raw Fish

Travelling Noodles and Migrating Pieces of Raw Fish

PATRIARCHAL OPPRESSION ON WOMEN IN PAKISTAN REFLECTED IN MALALA YOUSEFZAI AND CHRISTINA LAMB’S I AM MALALA

The study explores the patriarchal oppression on women reflected in Malala Youefzai and Christina Lamb’s I am Malala. The study aims to identify the forms, the cause, and the impact of the patriarchal oppression on women especially on the Pashtun women of the Swat Valley, Pakistan. The research designed used is a qualitative research. Meanwhile, the approach employed is psychological approach. The study shows that there are some forms of patriarchal oppression on women: cultural dominance, powerlessness, exploitation, violence and marginalization. The women are discriminated and mistreated in many ways. The patriarchal oppression on women is the result of the regime of General Zia’s government and also the rules set by the Taliban group. Pashtun women are marginalized. It is an excuse of keeping the Chasity and dignity that the civilization had changed. Culture and tradition play a role as the cause of patriarchal oppression on the Pashtun women where many families dictate a strong preference of sons over daughters. Meanwhile, there are two impact of patriarchal oppression on Pashtun women, physically and emotionally. Many women become illiterate, have no skills except doing housework and end up depending on men for their survival. They also suffer of excessive fear and anxiety and the worst impact is being killed.

Trans*, female bodybuilding and racial equality: narratives from a Hong Kong Chinese gender-fluid bodybuilder

ABSTRACT This article examines the construction of femininity and sexuality, specifically as trans* intersect with race/ethnicity, in sport. The third author (S.F.’s) lived experiences as a Hong Kong Chinese gender-fluid bodybuilder who competes in international women’s bodybuilding contests serve as an impetus to examine cultural norming and marginalization in professional sport. Narrative analysis and autobiographical memory are used to understand SF’s construction of identities in relation to her sociocultural environment and as a political process that alerts us to the power structures that permit certain stories to be told while silencing others. Specifically, this article problematizes how professional women bodybuilders are being constructed as objects that are expected to embody Whiteness and ‘authentic heightened femininity’. It highlights how the intersection of genderfluidity, race/ethnicity and bodybuilding defy dominant understandings of what is aesthetically, experientially and physically acceptable within the ‘norm’ in both ‘Eastern’ and ‘Western’, and masculine and feminine worlds. The discussion aims to provide implications to moving beyond the enduring binary gendered, racialized and sexual assumptions in women sport.

Legislative and Reformative Approaches to Combat Trafficking of Women and Children in India

Society and culture play important roles in satisfying the needs of every human group. At the same time, it is also true that certain sections of society have their place at the margins of mainstream culture and thus their marginalization becomes the focal point of victimization. Women and children face many such problems in society and resultant that their exploitation becomes continuous affairs in the hands of dominant people. Trafficking is one of the worst forms of human exploitation in which both women and children become safe targets. There are various socio-cultural and socio-economic factors responsible for the trafficking of women and children in economically poor countries of the world. India is also facing such problems being a developing country. The present paper attempts to highlight the efforts taken in India for protecting and restoring the rights of victims of trafficking.

Cultural Metallurgy—A Key Factor in the Transition from the Chalcolithic to Bronze Age in the Southern Levant

The causes of the disappearance of Late Chalcolithic society (Ghassulian) in the early fourth millennium bc remain obscure. This study identifies the collapse as the consequence of a change in the approach to metallurgy from cosmological fundament (Late Chalcolithic) to a practical craft (EB1). This endogenous transition accounts for the cultural recession characterizing the transitional period (EB1A) and the discontinuity in ritual practices. The new practical approach in metallurgy is firstly observed in the southern margin of the Ghassulian culture, which produced copper for distribution in the Nile valley rather than the southern Levant. Nevertheless, the Ghassulian cultural markers visible in the newly emerging areas of copper working (southern coastal plain, Nile valley) denote the survival of the old cosmological traditions among metalworkers of the EB1 culture. Their religious expression unveils the extension of the Ghassulian beliefs attached to metallurgy and their metamorphosis into the esoteric fundaments of the Bronze Age religions.

Experiences and perceptions of ageing among older First Nations Australians: A rapid review.

To identify and describe articles reporting the experiences and perceptions of ageing among older First Nations Australians. Following rapid review and PRISMA guidelines, we searched five databases for peer-reviewed articles published prior to October 2019 that reported qualitative accounts of ageing among older (≥ 45years) First Nations Australians. Data were extracted and synthesised thematically. Twenty-one articles were included in the final synthesis. Priorities in ageing highlighted the role of Elders, family, community, culture and connection to ancestral lands. Experiences and perceptions of ageing reflected cultural marginalisation in aged and health care services, and highlighted the importance of cultural identity, resilience and survival as key to ageing well. Our review suggests that mainstream ageing frameworks do not fully reflect the priorities of older First Nations Australians. This has important implications for ageing policy and the design and delivery of culturally safe aged and health care services.

Beyond language: further issues in the Anglophone Cameroon conflict

ABSTRACT It is often assumed that language variation is the main cause of the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon. Using a qualitative approach, this study, however, analyses and explains other, more fundamental causes and contemporary issues that fuel the conflict. These include Cameroon’s colonial history and process of attaining independence; political developments from unification in 1961 to the change in Federal structure in 1972; political corruption; changes in legal and penal code; and economic, cultural and social marginalisation. This paper suggests that if the proper measures are not taken to conceive and realise long-term solutions, the agitators may become an insurgent or terrorist group and cause more violent conflicts, resulting in an increase in the numbers of Internally Displaced Persons within West Africa and of African refugees abroad.

Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’: Recovering history and heritage through the influence of Xitsonga disco muso, Obed Ngobeni

This article explores the influence of the musician Obed Ngobeni (1954–2002) and his backing singers the Kurhula Sisters. It catalogues his significance as a pioneer of Xitsonga disco that helped shape South Africa’s ‘township bubblegum’ sound of the ’80s. The author argues that Ngobeni defied apartheid’s social engineering in an attempt to foster and affirm African cultural values. This form of resistance is exemplified by the influential 1983 track Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’ (There is Progress at ZZ2), later entitled Kazet which has become a recognisable classic and anthem. Veteran musicians such as Mahlathini and the Mahotella Queens, Harry Belafonte and several deejays have recorded versions of Kazet and toured the world, thus extending its reach beyond racial and ethnic confines – placing it on the continent and world music circuit. Ngobeni’s music serves as an example of excellence emanating from the so-called backward and ‘unbookish’ pockets of our country. Hence, the author argues that music on the periphery is central in shaping critical perspectives, cultural affirmation and conscientising people around the issues of labour exploitation, cultural and historical marginalisation. Through the song Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’, Ngobeni reimagined a new, humane and egalitarian society way back in the ’80s before the advent of liberation and democracy in South Africa. Through oral testimonies and interviews of men and women who worked on the ZZ2 farms as well as musical archives and other phenomenological approaches, the story of Ngobeni is revealed with sensitivity to the factors that foregrounded his music.Contribution: This article records, preserves, popularises and studies the role of resistance music through Ngobeni’s song Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’ within the multidisciplinary fields of social sciences, using, in the main, oral history techniques to document the untold rural story of an unheralded artist.