This study aims to analyze the influence of education and training, personnel innovation, service orientation, and reward-punishment system on the implementation of reform in the Indonesian National Police (Polri). Institutional transformation requires strengthening the capacity of officers through systematic education and training, fostering innovation in policing tasks, focusing on public service orientation, and implementing fair reward and punishment mechanisms. The study employs a literature review method, reviewing 50 scholarly articles, national and international journals, and official Polri reports over the last ten years (2015–2025). The findings indicate that continuous education and training enhance technical and managerial competence, while personnel innovation promotes creativity and operational efficiency. Service orientation reinforces an organizational culture that is responsive to public needs, and the reward-punishment system ensures compliance with procedural and ethical standards. The integration of these four variables contributes significantly to the success of reform implementation. The literature emphasizes the need for education planning based on organizational needs, fostering operational innovation, enhancing service orientation, and applying a transparent and fair reward-punishment system. These findings provide a foundation for policymakers to design more effective, adaptive, and sustainable reform strategies, improving professionalism, accountability, and public trust in the institution.

The article investigates the role of leadership potential in ensuring effective project management under conditions of structural change, using the regions of Ukraine as an empirical case. The relevance of the study is determined by the growing importance of project-based management in an environment characterised by increased uncertainty, innovation-driven transformations, and deep structural disruptions that intensified after 2022. Under such conditions, managerial competencies, particularly leadership potential, become a critical factor influencing project implementation and organisational performance. Within the study, the leadership potential of innovation-oriented managers is conceptualised as an integral latent construct that combines emotional intelligence, leadership behaviour, and innovation orientation. The empirical basis of the research consists of survey data collected from managers across various industries and regions of Ukraine (N = 210), as well as official statistical data reflecting regional project and investment activity for the period 2018–2024. The methodological framework integrates psychometric analysis, the index method for constructing composite indicators, and fixed-effects panel regression to assess the relationship between leadership potential and project management performance. Project management performance is assessed using an integral index based on official statistical proxies, including capital investment volumes, expenditures on innovation activities, and regional gross value added. The empirical results reveal a statistically significant positive relationship between managers’ leadership potential and project management performance at the micro level. The integral leadership potential indicator demonstrates stronger explanatory power compared to its individual components, supporting the relevance of a comprehensive approach to evaluating managerial human capital. At the same time, the meso-level analysis indicates a substantial weakening of the relationship between leadership potential and project management performance after 2022. This finding suggests that, during periods of profound structural shock, exogenous factors such as security conditions, infrastructure constraints, and institutional changes dominate over managerial characteristics in shaping project outcomes. The scientific novelty of the study lies in combining psychometric measurement of leadership potential with quantitative regional analysis of project management performance while explicitly accounting for structural change. The practical implications of the findings include their potential use in designing management decisions aimed at fostering innovation-oriented leadership and enhancing project effectiveness under unstable and rapidly changing conditions.

The construction sector is under increasing pressure to enhance project performance, particularly through strengthening project manager competencies (PMC). Although the importance of managerial competencies has been widely acknowledged, limited research has examined how PMC influence project performance (PP) through underlying organizational mechanisms. This study addresses this gap by investigating the direct effect of PMC on PP and the mediating roles of team performance (TP) and stakeholder engagement (SE). A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted among 288 project team members in Pakistan’s construction sector. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that PMC have a significant positive effect on PP. Furthermore, TP and SE significantly mediate this relationship, highlighting the critical role of effective team dynamics and proactive stakeholder involvement in translating managerial competencies into improved project outcomes. This study contributes to the literature by integrating the Resource-Based View and stakeholder theory to explain the mechanisms linking managerial competencies to project performance. The findings provide practical implications for construction firms and policymakers by emphasizing the strategic importance of developing managerial competencies, strengthening team collaboration, and enhancing stakeholder engagement across the project lifecycle. Keywords: Project manager competencies; Project performance; Team performance; Stakeholder engagement; Resource-Based View; Stakeholder theory; Construction industry.

This article provides a detailed analysis of the process of developing digital competence among management undergraduates as a key element of modern professional training. The main components of digital competence are systematized, including informational, technical, communicative, analytical, and creative skills, as well as critical thinking and innovation capacity. International standards of digital competence (DigComp) and national educational standards of Ukraine are examined, which define the essential knowledge and skills required for future managers in the fields of digital technologies, data analytics, managerial decision-making, and information security. The study analyzes modern information technologies applied in the educational process, including learning management systems (LMS), online simulators and business games, analytical platforms, cloud services, and collaborative tools for team-based work. Methods for developing and assessing digital competence are identified, such as testing, practical assignments, project-based activities, portfolio creation, and collaborative assessment, which allow comprehensive evaluation of students’ skills and planning for their further development. Particular attention is given to the prospects of integrating modern technologies into curricula, including the use of artificial intelligence, machine learning, virtual and augmented reality, which facilitate personalized learning, modeling of complex managerial situations, and practical skill development. The advantages of actively using digital platforms for distance and hybrid learning, big data work, analytics and visualization of results, as well as development of digital communication and team collaboration, are analyzed. It is concluded that the comprehensive use of information technologies and modern pedagogical methods effectively fosters digital competence of future managers, enhances their professional readiness, analytical and communication skills, creativity, critical thinking, and adaptability to a dynamic digital environment. Such an approach ensures the preparation of competitive specialists capable of acting effectively in the digital economy and global labor market.

ABSTRACT This study analyses the paradox of state resilience under incompetent governance. The work substantiates the hypothesis that the resilience of political systems is ensured not by the efficiency of leadership but by institutional inertia, social adaptivity and societal stratification. A nonlinear mathematical model of the dynamics of state resilience is constructed, taking into account the factors of managerial incompetence, societal adaptivity, institutional memory and external stochastic disturbances. Numerical simulations are performed via the Monte Carlo method, and the phase transitions of resilience are analysed. Special attention is given to the role of the middle class as an attractor of stability, and the structure of ‘meaningless resilience’ is described, in which the state maintains order despite managerial degradation. Philosophical and systemic aspects of the phenomenon of institutional immortality are discussed. The key results demonstrate that state resilience can be interpreted as a function of the structural connectedness of society and the inertia of institutions rather than the quality of governance. This work reveals the fundamental mechanisms of the long‐term stability of political systems under conditions of managerial competence degradation.

Purpose This study investigates the influence of digital entrepreneurship on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) development in South East Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach A descriptive survey design was used. The sample size was determined based on the Borg & Gall formula, resulting in a total of 1,377 respondents. A structured questionnaire was developed and administered to 1,377 small- and medium-scale businesses cut across the States. Descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations, were utilized to summarize survey responses. The study also used multiple regression analysis for data analysis at 5% level of significance. Findings Findings revealed that e-commerce transactions and digital business model adoption significantly and positively impact SME development, while digital skills show a modest effect. Access to digital financial services is not statistically significant, indicating persistent barriers to financial inclusion. Human capital variables, particularly education, work experience and managerial competence, also emerge as critical enablers. The findings underscore the need for integrated digital and human capital strategies to enhance SME resilience and growth. These relationships are interpreted through social network, social capital and institutional theory to explain how digital tools interact with embedded SME systems in South East Nigeria. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on digital entrepreneurship in emerging economies by disaggregating it into four key dimensions of e-commerce transactions, adoption of digital business models, extent of digital skill acquisition as well as determining the extent of access to digital financial services and empirically assessing their effects on SME development in South East Nigeria. The study offers actionable insights for policymakers, SME support institutions, fintech firms and digital skills providers by identifying which digital components most effectively drive SME growth in institutionally constrained environments.

Teachers’ managerial competence plays a crucial role in ensuring effective and relevant learning, particularly in vocational education. Teachers are required not only to master subject matter but also to plan, manage, and evaluate learning through well-structured and contextual learning tools. This Community Service activity aimed to strengthen teachers’ managerial competence through training on the development of learning tools using a deep learning approach at SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Tangerang Selatan. The implementation method included conceptual material delivery, practical training, and mentoring in designing learning tools. The deep learning approach was applied to encourage learning designs that emphasize deep understanding, critical and reflective thinking, and alignment with workplace demands. The results showed an improvement in teachers’ understanding and skills in developing more systematic, innovative, and adaptive learning tools aligned with 21st-century competencies. This activity contributed positively to strengthening teachers’ roles as learning managers and supporting the improvement of learning quality in vocational schools.

When Uncertainty Meets Capability: How Managerial Competence Shapes Firms’ Real and Financial Investments under Economic Uncertainty

Moral degradation and low discipline alongside poor learning motivation within Islamic religious education at boarding schools strongly necessitate highly effective classroom management strategy innovations. This community service initiative aims to implement Islamic values based classroom management at Miftahul Khoer Two Boarding School to systematically overcome these specific problems. The research utilizes a Participatory Action Research design featuring systematic stages including diagnostic observation, interactive workshops, simulations, implementation mentoring, and comprehensive evaluation. The intervention outcomes reveal a highly significant systemic improvement; teacher managerial competence increased by thirty five percent, student discipline rose by twenty five points, and learning motivation surged by twenty seven points. Program success was ultimately achieved through establishing participatory classroom agreements, applying humanistic approaches, and balancing educational rewards with punishments. In conclusion, integrating Islamic spiritual values with modern management principles proves exceptionally effective in transforming authoritarian teaching approaches into genuine empowerment, fostering internal discipline, and strengthening student learning commitments.

The effect of the BREATHe paramedic - paramedic mobile game on nursing and paramedic students' competence development - A quasi-experimental study.

This study aims to investigate the mechanism by which exercise adherence influences psychological resilience through the chain mediating effects of health literacy and emotional management skills, as well as to explore the moderating role of general self-efficacy in this pathway. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 9103 university students using questionnaire methodology. Variables including exercise adherence, health literacy, emotional management competence, psychological resilience, and general self-efficacy were analysed employing SPSS 26.0 and the PROCESS macro, to construct a chain mediation model. Exercise adherence not only directly enhances psychological resilience (β=0.137, p<0.001) but also generates an indirect effect through the serial pathway of "improving health literacy → enhancing emotional management competence" (β=0.026, 95% CI [0.010, 0.043], excluding zero). Concurrently, general self-efficacy positively moderates the relationship between exercise adherence and health literacy (β=0.033, p<0.001), thereby amplifying this chain mediation effect. This research elucidates the mechanism through which exercise adherence influences psychological resilience via chain mediation pathways. The findings provide a robust theoretical underpinning for university mental health education initiatives along with practical guidance for physical activity promotion programmes.

The managerial capability of madrasah principals plays a strategic role in determining the quality of governance and the effectiveness of decision-making in Islamic educational institutions; however, decision-making practices that are fully grounded in musyawarah (consultative deliberation), rational analysis, and emotional stability of leaders remain suboptimal in many madrasahs. This study aimed to analyze the managerial capability of madrasah principals in the decision-making process and to identify the factors that influence it within the context of Islamic education. A qualitative approach with a descriptive design was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document studies involving the principal and teaching staff at MTs Al-Amanah Al-Gontory. Data credibility was tested using source and method triangulation, while data analysis was conducted thematically through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the principal’s managerial capability is relatively strong in the areas of planning, organizing, implementation, and supervision. Decision-making processes are carried out in a participatory manner through musyawarah with teachers, taking into account emotional stability, Islamic leadership values, and institutional sustainability. These findings indicate that strengthening the managerial competence of madrasah principals contributes significantly to decision quality and institutional climate. The study underscores the importance of developing managerial leadership rooted in Islamic values to enhance the effectiveness of madrasah governance in responding to contemporary educational dynamics.

This study assesses the Human Resource Management (HRM) competencies of small and medium enterprise (SME) managers in Tangub City, Philippines, focusing on five key HRM areas: training and evaluation, career planning and development, reward schemes, recruitment and selection, and appraisal systems. A concurrent mixed-methods approach was employed, combining a quantitative survey of 275 employees and qualitative interviews with 10 participants. The findings reveal significant gaps in HRM competencies, particularly in training and evaluation and career planning, with managers showing a lack of proficiency in these critical areas. These deficiencies are attributed to limited resources, insufficient training, and the managerial overload commonly faced by SME leaders. The study concludes that for SMEs to improve HRM practices and employee satisfaction, managers must pursue targeted training and advanced educational opportunities. This research contributes new insights into the HRM challenges faced by SMEs in developing economies and offers practical recommendations for improving managerial competencies through structured training programs and academic development. The findings provide valuable implications for policymakers, educational institutions, and future researchers aiming to enhance HRM practices in SMEs.

Purpose – This study explores the strategic role of human capital, dynamic managerial capability, and organizational agility in driving organizational performance within SMEs in Bali, Indonesia. Research methodology – Investigates the direct and indirect effects of human capital and dynamic managerial capability on organizational performance, mediated by organizational agility. A quantitative survey was conducted with 396 SMEs, using PLS-SEM for data analysis. Findings – Human capital enhances organizational agility but does not directly impact performance, while dynamic managerial capability positively influences both agility and performance. Organizational agility is found to significantly improve performance and partially mediates the relationship between human capital, dynamic managerial capability, and organizational performance. This research contributes to the critical role of organizational agility in transforming internal competencies into tangible performance outcomes, especially under volatile market conditions. Research limitations – Research is limited by its geographic scope, cross-sectional design, and reliance on self-reported data. Future studies could explore the dynamic interplay of these factors across different regions and over time. Practical implications – SME managers should prioritize developing agile capabilities and enhancing dynamic managerial competencies to effectively convert human capital into improved organizational performance under volatile conditions. Originality/Value – Organizational agility as a crucial mechanism that translates internal competencies into tangible performance outcomes, especially under conditions of environmental turbulence.

Existing time management assessment systems or tools mainly rely on self-report questionnaires, which lack objectivity and fail to fully capture children’s actual behaviours and developmental levels in everyday contexts. To address the absence of a scientific, task-based evaluation framework for children in the preschool-to-primary transition stage, this study constructs a three-tier indicator system for time management ability using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and determines the corresponding weights of each indicator. Based on field observations and interviews, children’s time-related behaviours in learning and daily routines were investigated to identify high-frequency tasks and refine assessment criteria. Consequently, a practical evaluation tool titled “My Schedule” was developed, integrating perception, planning, and regulation tasks to measure children’s time management competence. Experimental validation demonstrated that the tool possesses good reliability and validity, and effectively differentiates children’s performance across various age and ability levels. The results confirm that this FAHP-based system can objectively assess children’s abilities in time perception, task planning, and self-regulation. The study not only enriches the methodological framework for time management assessment but also provides valuable guidance for teachers and parents in cultivating children’s executive functions and self-management skills during early education.

This meta-analytic study aims to comprehensively examine the relationship between mental health, learning capacity among health education students, and competencies in nosocomial disease risk management through cross-contextual empirical synthesis. An analysis of 47 studies involving 12,847 participants from 15 countries demonstrates a strong, statistically significant association between students' mental health and competencies in nosocomial infection prevention, as reflected by a correlation coefficient of r=0.68 (p&lt;0.001) and a 95% confidence interval of 0.61-0.74. Students with high mental health scores (M=78.4; SD=8.2) exhibited substantially superior understanding of infection prevention protocols, namely 43% higher than the control group (M=54.7; SD=12.1; t(846)=18.42; p&lt;0.001; d=2.31). Structural equation modeling confirmed learning capacity as a significant partial mediator (β=0.52; p&lt;0.001), with an indirect effect reaching 35.4% and a 95% CI range of 28.6-42.1%. Mindfulness-based psychoeducational interventions were shown to enhance nosocomial risk identification abilities by 38.7% (F(2,564)=42.18; p&lt;0.001; η²=0.41) while reducing clinical anxiety by 31.2% (t(382)=9.84; p&lt;0.001). These findings extend the frameworks proposed by Song (2024) and Schutte et al. (2025), which primarily emphasize cognitive aspects, by demonstrating that the integration of psychological dimensions yields a multidimensional predictive model explaining 64.3% of the variance in risk management competence (R²=0.643; F(5,841)=304.76; p&lt;0.001), surpassing conventional models that account for only 38-45% of the variance.

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of data analytics adoption on the effectiveness of strategic decision-making among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nairobi County. Methodology: A descriptive correlational research design was employed, and data was collected from 89 SME managers through structured questionnaires scored on a five-point Likert scale. Analysis was conducted using SPSS, generating descriptive, correlation, regression, and ANOVA results, presented through tables. Findings: Data analytics showed a positive but weak correlation (r = .0.058, p = .918). The regression models explained only minimal variance, with R² values ranging from .001 to .043, confirming that data analytics adoption, in isolation, does not drive effective strategic decision-making in the sampled SMEs. The study concludes that while data analytics adoption resources are available within many SMEs, they remain underutilized and insufficiently aligned with strategic objectives. Investments are often directed at infrastructure without ensuring integration, user competence, or strategic governance. As a result, data analytics adoption has yet to translate into measurable improvements in decision quality. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study recommends that SMEs emphasize alignment of data analytics adoption with business priorities, strengthen user training, and adopt structured evaluation frameworks to link data analytics adoption spending to decision outcomes. Future research should explore mediating factors such as organizational culture, managerial competence, and industry dynamics, which may condition the relationship between data analytics adoption and decision-making effectiveness.

The aim of this research is to examine the strengths and weaknesses of Translation Studies programs in Saudi Arabia from the graduates&amp;#39; and employers&amp;#39; perspectives. The research focuses specifically on curriculum alignment and graduates&amp;#39; employability. The research is informed by the competence-based model of translation, Constructive Alignment theory, and employability concepts. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods research design is used for this research. Quantitative research is carried out using structured questionnaires from 100 graduates and 50 employers. The research instruments aim to measure graduates&amp;#39; and employers&amp;#39; perceptions of graduates&amp;#39; linguistic competence, cultural competence, technological competence, and project management competence. Statistical analysis techniques used for quantitative research include descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, ANOVA, effect size statistics (Cohen&amp;#39;s d and Eta squared), and post-hoc tests using Tukey&amp;#39;s method. The research findings show that graduates performed well in linguistic and cultural competence areas. There are no statistically significant differences between graduates and employers in these areas. However, graduates performed poorly in technological competence and project management competence areas. The research found significant gaps between graduates and employers&amp;#39; perceptions in these areas. ANOVA analysis showed substantial discrepancies between competency domains, which indicate structural imbalances in curriculum design. These results indicate a partial match between educational training and the requirements of the modern translation industry. The study concludes that, although the translation studies programs offered in Saudi Arabia have a good foundation in theory and bilingual training, they need to be integrated with training on using technology, artificial intelligence, and working with professionals to improve the employment prospects of graduates. The results of this study can be used as a set of recommendations for improving the curriculum of translation studies programs.

Background and Objectives: Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs) are strategically important to the Indonesian economy because of their role in creating jobs and boosting regional economies. This study aims to analyze and examine the influence of Human Resource Competence, Financial Literacy, and Internal Control on the Quality of Financial Management of MSMEs in West Java Province. Despite the strategic role of MSMEs in supporting economic growth, many MSMEs still face challenges related to financial transparency, weak internal controls, and limited managerial capacity. This study addresses the gap between theoretical standards of financial management and actual practices implemented by MSMEs. The findings are expected to provide insights for MSMEs and local governments in formulating strategies to strengthen financial management capacity and support business sustainability and competitiveness. Research Design: This study employs a quantitative research design with a causal associative approach to examine the causal relationships between Human Resource Competence, Financial Literacy, and Internal Control and the Quality of MSME Financial Management. Research Location and Duration: The research was conducted among MSMEs operating in West Java Province during 2025, using primary data collected within a single research period to capture the actual condition of MSME financial management practices. Methodology: This study uses a quantitative approach with primary data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to MSMEs in West Java Province. Sampling was determined using the Slovin formula with a 10% margin of error, resulting in 100 respondents. Prior to data analysis, the research instrument was tested using validity and reliability tests to ensure data quality. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS with multiple linear regression methods to examine the effect of Human Resource Competence, Financial Literacy, and Internal Control on the Quality of MSME Financial Management. Model testing includes classical assumption tests, partial hypothesis tests, and coefficient of determination. Results: The results show that Human Resource Competence, Financial Literacy, and Internal Control have a positive and significant effect on the Quality of Financial Management of MSMEs in West Java Province, as indicated by regression coefficients of 0.517, 0.595, and 0.688, respectively, with a significance value of 0.000. These findings confirm that improvements in managerial competence, financial understanding, and internal control implementation directly enhance MSME financial management quality. Conclusion: This study concludes that strengthening human resource competencies, improving financial literacy, and implementing effective internal control systems are essential for improving MSME financial management quality. Practically, the findings suggest that local governments and supporting institutions should prioritize internal control training and financial management mentoring programs to achieve greater improvements in MSME governance and long-term sustainability.

Project portfolio governance is central to strategy implementation. However, there is little in-depth appreciation of the competences needed by senior managers working on portfolio governance boards. We apply an interpretive research approach known as “phenomenography” to address this issue. Current rationalistic approaches to the study of competence limit themselves to describing competence as two separate components: the personal attributes the worker possesses and an external list of work attributes. Phenomenography overcomes this limitation by suggesting that it is the meaning that work takes on for people as they experience it that constitutes competence, rather than a set of attributes. Hence, to understand competences, we need to understand how senior managers conceive of their work. Our findings revealed that senior managers hold four different conceptions of this work, each with multiple attributes. These conceptions exist along a hierarchy of increasing complexity, richness, and inclusiveness. We used these findings to build a guiding framework that could be used for the assessment and development of senior managers’ competences on portfolio governance boards. We also argue that our practical and pragmatic insights can inform practice for strategic decision-makers more broadly, beyond the specific context of these senior managers.