Management Package Research Articles

Integrated system to reduce emissions from natural gas-fired reciprocating engines

Natural gas-fired reciprocating engines (NGFRE), which are naturally aspirated are used in the oil and gas industry for the production, storage, processing, and transmission of natural gas extracted from wells. These stationary, lean-burn engines exhibit increased combustion instability and higher emissions of methane (CH4) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) at lower loads, resulting in restrictions on the operational envelope of such engines. In this paper, some of the emission reduction technologies for NGFREs are reviewed. Also, an experimental investigation of an integrated system to reduce emissions and improve the combustion performance of an NGFRE is presented. The integrated system consists of an air management package and integrated sensors including an amperometric NOx/O2 sensor, exhaust temperature thermocouple, pressure transducers and vibration sensors. Experiments were carried out using natural gas and natural gas/propane blends at different load steps, and combustion performance, as well as emissions, were analyzed. For natural gas fuel, the results show that the standard deviation of peak pressure and indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) improved by 67.4 psi and 4.2% respectively, at 40% load. Similarly, CH4 and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) emissions reduced considerably by 84% and 63% respectively. However, CO emissions increased from 8 ppm to 152 ppm. At 60% load, the ITE improved by 3.8% and the CH4 emissions were reduced by 68%. The reduction in VOCs emissions was 63% at 40% load and 69% at 60% load. The findings of this research provide evidence of the effectiveness of the integrated air management system in improving the sustainability of NGFREs. In general, this technology can be implemented on air-assisted combustion applications to improve combustion performance and, consequently, reduce emissions.

Parthenium hysterophorus alleviates wilt stress in tomato plants caused by Ralstonia solanacearum through direct antibacterial effect and indirect upregulation of host resistance.

Heavy damage to tomato crops due to wilt stress caused by the pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum and the insufficient availability of management strategies with desired control levels urged the researchers to investigate more reliable control methods to manage this issue in tomato and other horticultural crops. In this study, Parthenium hysterophorus, a locally and freely available herbaceous plant, was successfully used to manage bacterial wilt of tomatoes. The significant growth reduction ability of P. hysterophorus leaf extract was recorded in an agar well diffusion test and its ability to severally damage the bacterial cells was confirmed in SEM analysis. In both greenhouse and field trials, soil amended with P. hysterophorus leaf powder at 25 g/kg soil was found to effectively suppress the pathogen population in soil and significantly reduce the wilt severity on tomato plants, resulting in increased growth and yield of tomato plants. P. hysterophorus leaf powder at concentrations greater than 25 g/kg soil caused phytotoxicity in tomato plants. The results showed that P. hysterophorus powder applied through the mixing of soil for a longer period of time before transplanting tomato plants was more effective than mulching application and a shorter period of transplantation. Finally, the indirect effect of P. hysterophorus powder in managing bacterial wilt stress was evaluated using expression analysis of two resistance-related genes, PR2 and TPX. The upregulation of these two resistance-related genes was recorded by the soil application of P. hysterophorus powder. The findings of this study revealed the direct and indirect action mechanisms of P. hysterophorus powder applied to the soil for the management of bacterial wilting stress in tomato plants and provided the basis for including this technique as a safe and effective management strategy in an integrated disease management package.

Lethal and sublethal effects of synthetic and bioinsecticides toward the invasive ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus compactus.

Exotic ambrosia beetles are emerging widespread pests of several wild and managed trees and shrubs. Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) is one of the most invasive species causing damage to a broad range of host plants. Little information is available on its control, including the impact of insecticides. Bioassays were conducted to evaluate the potential of four bioinsecticides and seven synthetic insecticides in controlling X. compactus. Beetle mortality and sublethal effects on tunneling, cultivation of the mutualist fungus and reproduction were assessed. Concentration-mortality curves were determined for all tested insecticides. Lambda-cyhalothrin was the most toxic insecticide, showing the lowest estimated 90% and 50% lethal concentrations (LC90 and LC50 ), followed by deltamethrin and thiamethoxam. Acetamiprid caused the highest levels of mortality and brood size reduction under extended laboratory conditions. Moreover, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam and lambda-cyhalothrin caused the greatest mortality and, together with deltamethrin, strongly affected progeny occurrence inside infested galleries and beetle brood size. Among the bioinsecticides, pyrethrins significantly affected beetle survival under laboratory conditions, but not brood size in extended laboratory bioassays. Some of the tested insecticides had significant lethal and sublethal effects only when beetles were exposed to fresher residues, highlighting differences in toxicity persistence. This study provides first baseline toxicity data for synthetic insecticides and bioinsecticides with different modes of action and origin toward X. compactus, and the first evidence that several insecticides can cause multiple sublethal effects on this pest. These findings can help in building suitable integrated pest management packages against this pest. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Does empowerment influence women’s willingness to pay for integrated pest management practices? A case study of mango growers in Zambia

Mango is an important fruit crop in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including Zambia, due to its nutritional value and contribution to food security. However, the invasive and mango-infesting fruit fly is a significant constraint in mango production. Therefore, icipe and partners developed and disseminated the integrated pest management package to curb this menace. The current study uses household-level data from 325 smallholder mango-growing households from selected regions in Zambia to evaluate how empowerment affects women's willingness to pay (WTP) for an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) package for the suppression of mango-infesting fruit flies. We used a double-bounded contingent valuation model to determine the association between Project-Level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI), other social-economics factors, and WTP. The results show that women’s empowerment status positively and significantly increased the likelihood of considering a higher bid for the IPM package. Other factors affecting women’s WTP for the IPM package were women's education level, access to extension services, non-farm occupation, and household income from mangoes, with a positive and significant influence on their WTP. However, distance to the input market, perception of the effectiveness of current fruit fly management methods, and level of mango loss due to fruit flies negatively influenced WTP for the IPM package. Empowering women, especially increasing their access to extension services, and providing livelihood alternatives would increase their uptake of pest management technologies. Efforts to lower women’s domestic workloads, boost their finances, and sensitize others in the community to promote women’s freedom of movement would be vital to empowering women hence increasing their uptake of new agricultural innovations.

The Effect of Traditional and Contemporary Management Accounting Practices on Organisational Outcomes and the Moderating Role of Strategy

This study examines the association between the use of a package of contemporary and a package of traditional management accounting practices with organisational outcomes (organisational performance and competitive advantage), and the moderating role of Miles and Snow’s (1978) strategic typologies on these relationships. Based on the responses from 505 US based financial managers, the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) results indicate that the extent of use of both contemporary and traditional management accounting practices is positively associated with organisational performance and competitive advantage. Furthermore, the findings indicate that with the exception of the reactor typology, Miles and Snow’s (1978) strategy typologies (i.e., defender, prospector, and analyser) moderate the association between the use of management accounting practices with the organisational outcomes. In particular, the findings indicate that the defender (prospector) strategy positively (negatively) moderates the association between the use of a package of traditional (contemporary) management accounting practices with organisational performance. In addition, the results indicate that the defender (analyser) strategy positively (negatively) moderates the association between the use of a package of contemporary management accounting practices with competitive advantage, while the defender (analyser) strategy negatively (positively) moderates the association between the use of a package of traditional management accounting practices with competitive advantage.

System-wide nexus analyses: water distribution rules, agricultural productivity and livelihoods in flood-based livelihood systems

Abstract Water management and distribution rules in flood-based livelihood systems (FBLS) have a key role in enhancing system-wide productivity and livelihoods. While such potential has to a certain extent been harnessed in DG Khan FBLS in Pakistan, it has not yet been fulfilled in the Tana River and Fogera FBLS in Kenya and Ethiopia, respectively. These three systems are considered among the major sources of water and food security in their respective regions by the local governments and communities. Drawing from 105 individual interviews with Pakistani FBLS farmers, the paper establishes that a package of water management and distribution rules have significantly contributed to (a) mitigating excessive upstream floodwater use, (b) reducing downstream water scarcity and (c) realizing nearly 4 tons ha−1 harvest of the major wheat crop across the upstream and downstream areas. This yield is about 20% higher than the country-wide average, and two-third of the maximum achievable. Furthermore, 86% of the upstream and three in four of the downstream farmers have managed to cover their livelihood needs that included health, school, housing, transportation, energy and food expenses. On the other hand, the analyses based on individual interviews with 94 and 147 FBLS farmers from Kenya and Ethiopia respectively, uncovered the negative consequences of the absence of a comprehensive package of water management and distribution rules. In Kenya, the downstream small-scale farmers that account for two-third of the Tana River FBLS population frequently suffer from floodwater scarcity. They could not cultivate the high return rice crop and their staple maize yield was low at about 1.25 tons ha−1 or 20% of the maximum attainable. Four in five reported poor livelihoods. The upstream large-scale farmers however often diverted excessive floodwater; over 90% usually grow rice as well as maize as a second crop for home consumption. The situation in Fogera is similar. The water distribution rules prioritized the upstream rice cultivation introduced a decade back to boost economic growth. This, as informed by 95% of the interviewed farmers, has caused downstream floodwater scarcity, about 30% maize yield reduction and livelihood deterioration. These findings on the impacts of water distribution rules can contribute to formulating investments that better achieve the productivity and livelihood potentials of FBLS across Africa and globally.

Accelerating HIV and AIDS services delivery in Kigoma region, Tanzania.

Tanzania Commission for AIDS and UNAIDS reports 1.7 million Tanzanians are HIV-positive. The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS set 95%, 95% 95% targets to be achieved by 2025. An assessment was done to understand the region's position, which found the underperformance of critical HIV and AIDS indicators. This prompted the region to accelerate HIV interventions by providing frontline healthcare providers with skills and knowledge, essential equipment, and other infrastructure, after which the assessment of the indicators was conducted to document the outcome of interventions. we conducted a descriptive study in Kigoma region in June 2022 by comparing HIV and AIDS indicators performance in the pre-intervention and post interventions arms. High-volume CTCs were purposefully selected. We used a pre-tested checklist to assess new HIV-positive on antiretroviral (ARV), pregnant women living with HIV on ARV, and people living with HIV offered multi-month dispensing. We further assessed HIV viral load (HVL) specimen collection, HIV suppression status, and HVL test results turnaround time. We cleaned the information using an MS Excel sheet and tabulated results using STATA software version 13. we assessed 27 care and clinics. The proportion gain in the index client elicitation was 13%. Sexual partners mentioned during index client elicitation had an increase of 145 individuals. The yield among consented sexual partners gained by 14%. The ARV initiation among new HIV -positive and pregnant women living with HIV gained a proportion of 2%. Multi-month dispencing was found to have an 8% increase. The turnaround time for HVL test results decreased by 21 days, and the viral load suppression status increased by 4%. the assessment demonstrated the accelerated HIV and AIDS service delivery due to implementing a comprehensive package of HIV and AIDS management. We recommend in-service capacity building regarding training, basic equipment, and infrastructure.

A technology package to improve growth and yield of sweet sorghum in ex-coal mining land, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Huge ex-coal mining land provides the soil for crop development, yet soil improvement is required. Fertilizer and soil organic matter application and liming are standard practices to improve soil productivity. The integrated crop and land management (ICLM) package offers alternative technology to increase growth and crop yield. This study aimed to evaluate an ICLM technological package to improve sweet sorghum growth and production in the ex-coal mining land. The sweet sorghum of Bioguma 1 Agritan variety was used as the indicator crop. The ICLM was composed of mixed organic fertilizers (1,000 kg granule organic fertilizer ha<sup>-1</sup>, 10 kg Procal soil amendment ha<sup>-1</sup>, 10 kg Kayabio biofertilizer ha<sup>-1</sup>, and 5 kg NPK fertilizer ha<sup>-1</sup>), mixed inorganic fertilizers (300 kg NPK ha<sup>-1</sup>, 50 kg Urea ha<sup>-1</sup>, 10 kg Procal soil amendment ha<sup>-1</sup>, and 10 kg Kayabio biofertilizer ha<sup>-1</sup>), and local bio-activators. The field trial used a group-randomized design with four frequencies of bio-activator application and five replications. Mixed organic fertilizer was used to cover the planting holes, where previously, the seed was soaked by a bio-activator and put into holes. The mixed fertilizer was applied to a 14-day-old plant using the hole punch method (<em>tugal</em>). Results of this study showed that local bio-activator significantly affected the sorghum growth and yield. The best frequency of bio-activator application was three times spraying. ICLM are prospective technology to improve soil condition, crop growth, and crop yield in ex-coal mining land.

Developing an Economically Viable Nutrient Management Package that Sustains Growth, Yield and Quality of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)

The field experiment was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2021 to develop an economically viable nutrient management package for chilli that sustains growth, yield and quality of the produce at the same time. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with six treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of organic, inorganic and combined nutrient management practices. The results revealed that the state recommended practices (Farm yard manure @ 25 t ha-1 + Azophos @ 2 kg ha-1 + recommended dose fertilizers (RDF)) registered the highest plant height (71.7), number of branches per plant (24.7), leaf area (22.5 cm2), number of fruits per plant (79.4) and yield per hectare (16589 kg). However, interms of economics the organic nutrient management practices performed well with 50 % N requirement through organic manures (50 % FYM + 50 % Vermicompost) + seedling treatment with Beejamrit + Ghanajeevamrit @ 250 kg ha-1, Jeevamrit @ 500 litres ha-1 time-1 twice a month with irrigation water fetching higher benefit cost ratio (2.40). The quality parameters like total soluble solids (TSS) and ascorbic acid content were also higher (5.84 °brix and 127.46 mg 100 g-1 respectively) under 50 % N requirement through organic manures (50 % FYM + 50 % Vermicompost) + seedling treatment with Beejamrit + Ghanajeevamrit @ 250 kg ha-1, Jeevamrit @ 500 litres ha-1 time-1 twice a month with irrigation water applied plots compared to other nutrient management practices. It can be concluded that the application of state recommended management practices had a positive effect on growth and yield. However for getting economically sustainable and quality chilli, the organic package – 50 % N requirement through organic manures (50 % FYM + 50 % Vermicompost) + seedling treatment with Beejamrit + application of Ghanajeevamrit @ 250 kg ha-1, Jeevamrit @ 500 litres ha-1 time-1 twice a month with irrigation water can be suggested.

Cultivation of Local Rice Varieties in Bangladesh: Assessing the Farm Level Determinants

One of the main objectives of the green revolution is to replace the local (traditional) cultivars with high-yielding varieties (HYVs). Replacing HYVs in the local cultivars-intensive areas would increase rice production and strengthen national food security. To do this, it is necessary to identify the determinants of cultivating local rice varieties by farmers. Therefore, this study used fractional logistic regression and a cognitive approach in the popular Aman and Boro season local rice variety-intensive areas to find out the causes of cultivating local rice varieties. The findings reveal that the main cause is the adverse ecology, where HYVs are not suitable, but local cultivars have physiological attributes to be well suited. The local cultivars are growing mainly in the Haor and flood-prone ecosystems, where modern varieties can not be sustained. The profitability of local rice cultivars is better than the HYVs as well. Moreover, farmers’ socioeconomic conditions such as age, education, occupation, income, and farm size influence the cultivation of local rice varieties. The yield, land topography, and market price also have an impact on the adoption intensity of local cultivars. The farmers also opined that the special grain quality of the local rice cultivars attracts the farmers, consumers, and market price that lubricate the intensity of local rice varieties adoption in the specific areas of Bangladesh. The findings of this study would be helpful for the rice breeders, scientists, and policymakers to develop suitable modern rice cultivars and management packages for boosting rice production in the targeted local rice cultivars intensive areas of Bangladesh.

Management Approach Against Pod Borer, Eucrysops Cnejus F. Attacking Yard Long Bean

Several management approaches were evaluated against pod borer attacking yard long bean during April - July, 2019 at Entomology Research Field, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. The management package namely sanitation + spraying bio-pesticide Antario (Package 1), sanitation + spraying bio-pesticide Spinosad 45 SC (Package 3) and sanitation + alternate spraying of Antario and Spinosad 45SC (Package 4) showed almost equal effectiveness in reducing flower and pod damage by pod borer and higher yield. But the management package sanitation + spraying bio-pesticide Antario (Package 1) appeared best as it provided the highest marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR) (10.09), which was followed by sanitation + alternate spraying of Antario and Spinosad 45SC (6.97) (Package 4), and sanitation + spraying biopesticide Spinosad 45 SC (5.29) (Package 3). The effectiveness of sanitation +Bt kurstaki) (Package 2) was poor in respect of yield (12.06 tha-1) and MBCR (3.44).
 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(3): 233-237, September 2020

Crop-management practices influence weed dynamics, yield and economics of soybean (Glycine max)

A field experiment was conducted during 2018 and 2019 at Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, to study the effect of crop-management practices on weed dynamics, yield and economics of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 4 replications, comprising 5 treatments of different crop-management practices, viz. conservation organic, conservation chemical, conventional chemical, organic management + conventional tillage and package of practices. The results showed that, conservation chemical was found the most effective in controlling total weeds (5.5 m2 ) and reduction of dry-matter accumulation by weeds (24.8 kg/ha) as compared to the package of practices, conventional chemical, conservation organic and organic management + conventional tillage at 30 days after sowing (DAS). However, at 45 DAS, conservation organic was the most effective in controlling total weeds (5.9 m2 ) and reduction of dry-matter accumulation by weeds (35.9 kg/ha) as compared to organic management + conventional tillage, conservation chemical, package of practices and conventional chemical on pooled basis. Significantly higher seed (1,850 kg/ha), haulm (2,824 kg/ha), net returns (`48,913/ha) and benefit : cost ratio (3.2) of soybean were recorded under conservation chemical followed by package and practices and conventional chemical.

Influence of Temperature Variability on Survival and Development of Citrus Leaf Miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae) in Tanzania

Due to limited information on Phyllocnistis citrella’s Biology, study was aimed to examine the effects of different temperature levels on biology of citrus leaf miner under controlled laboratory conditions at the Entomology laboratory of Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania from December 2011 to September 2012. Leaf samples (1,985 leaf samples) considered to contain larvae in serpentine mines were collected and individually incubated at room temperature. The emerging adults were wet preserved in 70% ethanol while some dry preserved using special micro pins under microscope for future identification. A Monterey LG8920 pheromone trap was set in every 10m2 at SUA citrus orchard to trap adult moths to supplement sample sources. Citrus leaf miners species collected were identified and four different temperature levels (20, 25, 30 and 35°C) were monitored at each developmental stage. Results revealed longer development time (egg to adult) at 200C and shorter at 300C in 28 and 10 days while the total mortality was 26.67% at 200C and 6.67% at 300C respectively. Oviposition period and rate were negatively and positively influenced by temperature (from 9.26 days at 200C to 6.21 days at 300C and 15.2 eggs/ female/ day at 300C and 6.8 eggs/ female/ day at 200C respectively). The overall fecundity was 28.2 eggs/ female at 200C and 57.1 eggs/ female at 300C. High larval mortality rate was recorded compared to the egg stage while no mortality observed at pupa stage. Conclusively, the pest on this temperature range (200C, minimum to 300C, maximum) has high fecundity, low mortality rate and the developmental time was positively correlated with high temperature, therefore considered optimum temperature range for its survival and development. Other researches especially Integrated Pest management are imperative for sound management package as per the pest in Tanzania and beyond.

Delivering hypertension care in private-sector clinics of urban slum areas of India: the Mumbai Hypertension Project

In India, the private sector provides 70% of the total outpatient medical care. This study describes the Mumbai Hypertension Project, which aimed to deliver a standard hypertension management package in private sector clinics situated in urban slums. The project was conducted in two wards (one “lean” and one “intensive”) with 82 private providers in each. All hypertensive patients received free drug vouchers, baseline serum creatinine, adherence support, self-management counseling and follow-up calls. In the intensive-ward, project supported hub agents facilitated uptake of services. A total of 13,184 hypertensive patients were registered from January 2019 to February 2020. Baseline blood pressure (BP) control rates were higher in the intensive-ward (30%) compared with the lean-ward (13%). During the 14-month project period, 6752 (51%) patients followed-up, with participants in the intensive-ward more likely to follow-up (aOR: 2.31; p < 0.001). By project end, the 3–6-month cohort control rate changed little from baseline—29% for intensive ward and 14% for lean ward. Among those who followed up, proportion with controlled BP increased 13 percentage points in the intensive ward and 16 percentage points in the lean ward; median time to BP control was 97 days in the intensive-ward and 153 days in lean-ward (p < 0.001). Despite multiple quality-improvement interventions in Mumbai private sector clinics, loss to follow-up remained high, and BP control rates only improved in patients who followed up; but did not improve overall. Only with new systems to organize and incentivize patient follow-up will the Indian private sector contribute to achieving national hypertension control goals.

Mango phenology and fruit fly population dynamics in the transition zone of Ghana.

Crop phenological studies are vital in the formulation of effective integrated pest management packages. A 2-year phenological study spanning 2017-2019 was conducted in eight mango orchards in the transition zone of Ghana, to determine the relationship between the aggregation of culprit fruit fly species and the phenology of the mango crop. A total of 160 shoots were tagged and observed weekly for the plant's developmental processes using the Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemische Industrie mango phenological scale as a guide. Fruit fly monitoring was conducted with two para pheromone attractants (methyl eugenol and terpinyl acetate) in 32 improvised traps. Host fruits sampled at colour break and ripe stages were incubated to identify culprit species. Significant infestation levels were assessed with one way analysis of variance. Three culprit species (Bactrocera dorsalis, Ceratitis cosyra and Ceratitis ditissima) emerged from incubated fruits. Co-infestation between B. dorsalis and C. cosyra was observed mostly at colour break. A residual population of B. dorsalis was observed throughout the crop cycle but peaked at the colour break phenological stage in May and early June, and dropped in August (at post-harvest). The interaction among fruit fly species, season, fruit source and phenological stage of the fruit was significant (P = 0.016). C. cosyra appeared at the beginning of anthesis, increased during flowering to fruit set and peaked in April when fruits were nearing maturity and green. It is therefore important that management practices are implemented throughout the phenological cycle of the crop but intensified from anthesis to post-harvest to reduce pest populations and damage.

Integrated management of thrips-mite and borer complex attacking chilli

Thrips, mite and borer complex are the most serious insect pests which reduce chilli yield remarkably in many chilli growing areas. This study exposed that sustainable bio-rational based management packages including different mechanical approaches and bio-pesticides were effective against Thrips, mite and borer pests in chilli. The results indicated that, spraying of Sodium lauryl ether sulphate (Fizimite) and Matrine (Biotrin) along with blue sticky trap and pheromone mass trapping of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura was most effective against Thrips, mites and borer pests. The lowest number of Thrips and fruit borer infestation was observed from spraying of Sodium lauryl ether sulphate (Fizimite) and Matrine (Biotrin) along with blue sticky trap and pheromone mass trapping of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura treated plots. The highest yield (20.93 t/ha) and net income (145525 Tk/ha) were also obtained from spraying of Sodium lauryl ether sulphate (Fizimite) and Matrine (Biotrin) along with blue sticky trap and pheromone mass trapping of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura treated plots. Only application of chemical insecticides is not effective against the insect pest’s population in a long-term. In contrast, mechanical approaches such as sticky trap, pheromone trap as well as different bio-pesticides are environmental, economical, dependable and that facilitate the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) concept.

Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in Indonesia to Increase the Significant Impact of Management Control Systems

To improve the Management Control Systems, an accidental sampling (non-probability sampling) method is used to apply Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Export and import service companies in the Jakarta Capital City area became the population in this study, with the total sample used is 100 respondents. 3 (three) variables that are the primary key of this research are Management Control System (X1) is an independent variable, and ERP implementation (Y) is classified as a related variable. The results obtained after this study's test indicate that ERP implementation (Y) is significantly influenced by the Management Control System (X1). There are several compromises in implementing an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system in Indonesia. These factors exist in both the manufacturing and service industries. These have been identified as staffing issues where users do not understand how to use the ERP system. This lack of understanding leads to the implementation of non-optimized ERP due to the lack of education and learning about system usage and operational know-how. ERP is an evolution of Enterprise Resource Planning II (MRP II), a further development of Material Requirements Planning (MRP). ERP includes a warehouse management package as a first step, which is the supply control used in manufacturing or servicing products. The second phase of material requirements planning is the ERP route. In addition, the third phase of MRPII was the development of closed-loop MRP. ERP will emerge as Phase 4, an extension of MRP II and business processes. Extended ERP is the fifth phase of ERP, was introduced in 2000 and is much more complex than previous ERP.

Developing an Intake Assessment for Domestic and Family Violence Supported Accommodation

ABSTRACT Domestic and family violence often results in women and children needing to find alternative safe housing and, on some occasions, this need to relocate may result in homelessness. Public housing and case management packages are scarce for women and children experiencing long-term homelessness caused by domestic and family violence. The research reported here led to the identification of criteria to enable the prioritisation of housing program resources to women and their children escaping domestic and family violence. A systematic search and scoping review were undertaken to identify social and wellbeing criteria to support intake assessment. The intake assessment criteria were then validated using a two-stage modified Delphi process with academic experts and domestic and family violence practitioner experts, expanding notions of “expert” in the use of the Delphi process. Differences between academic and practitioner expert contributions were identified. Specifically, the practitioner experts questioned the premise of the tool and identified the need for both temporal and geographic components to ensure the safety of the housing for the women and children. The innovative inclusion of expert practitioners in this study created buy-in and enabled social work practice expertise to inform the development of a DFV housing assessment tool. IMPLICATIONS There is a need for policymakers to gain practitioner buy-in when changing policies and practices. Engaging practitioners within the change processes may include seeking and acknowledging their expert input into the design and development of intake assessment criteria. There is a dearth of valid and reliable assessment tools in social work. While this article focuses on content validity, testing assessment tools for reliability is also required. There are methodological challenges to be overcome when there are finite service resources and small service user numbers.

Wildlife Wrangler: A high-level data processing framework that supports the utilization of species occurrence data for biogeographical analyses

Wildlife Wrangler: A high-level data processing framework that supports the utilization of species occurrence data for biogeographical analyses

Effect of different fertilizer doses on the yield of sesame in Charland

To determine the optimal nutrient management packages for BARI Til-4 in Charland areas and increase production along with farmers’ income, an experiment was conducted under Charland at the multi-location testing site, Bhuapur of the On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Tangail under AEZ-8 Tangail during two consecutive years of Kharif 2016 and 2017.Three different fertilizer doses were used, namely T1: 107-39-32-17-3.6-0.6 kg ha-1 (based on soil test), T2: 37-20-16-13-2-1 kg ha-1 + 5 t ha-1 cowdung (based on IPNS), and T3: 18-8-18-0-0-0 kg ha-1 NPKSZnB. (farmers practice). Between the two years, among the treatments, the soil test-based fertilizer dose provided the highest seed yield (1.39 t ha-1), which was comparable to the IPNS-based fertilizer dose (1.29 t ha-1), while the farmers' practiced fertilizer dose produced the lowest seed yield (0.78 t ha-1). T1 treatment resulted in a yield increase of 7.75 and 78.20 percent when compared to T2 and T3 treatments, respectively. The highest gross return (Tk. 65500 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk. 27637.64 ha-1) from T1 treatment, whereas the lowest return (Tk. 41500 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk. 2505.04 ha-1) were obtained from farmer practice. According to the overall results, a soil test-based fertilizer dose may be recommended in Charland sections of AEZ-8 for increased production and economic return.