Institutional Management Research Articles

Credit risk management and loan recovery in micro finance institutions in Ishaka Bushenyi municipality: a case study of Kyamuhunga Sacco

This study assessed the effect of credit management policies on loan recovery in microfinance institutions in Uganda, with a case study of Kyamuhunga Sacco in Ishaka Bushenyi Municipality. The study targeted top management, cashiers, loan officers, clients, and accountants. A combination of simple random and purposive sampling techniques was used to identify the study’s sample size. Data collection methods included questionnaires, observations, and interviews. The collected data was edited, coded, entered into a computer, and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The results were presented in tables for clarity. Based on the study’s findings, 100% of respondents confirmed that Kyamuhunga Sacco applies various credit management policies, including credit terms that address both the length of the credit period and the discount rate, the loan amounts recommended by credit officers, and collateral security requirements. The study further revealed that the rate of loan recovery in microfinance institutions in Uganda is influenced by profitability ratios, efficiency ratios, outstanding loans, and the real annual average growth rate of loans. In line with the third objective, the respondents indicated that there is a significant relationship between credit management policies and loan recovery. Effective credit management policies provide the institution with reasonable and adequate returns on loans, and borrowers are typically granted smaller loan amounts to reduce risk. The researcher concluded that Kyamuhunga Sacco applies a variety of credit management policies, with the majority of respondents agreeing that credit terms include both the duration of the credit period and applicable discount rates, alongside a uniform interest rate. The study recommends that Kyamuhunga Sacco should consider redesigning its credit policy to make credit management more effective, thereby reducing loan losses and write-offs.

Policy on Higher Education: A Comparison of NEP 2020 With NPE 1986 and NPE 1968

Higher education is the post-secondary phase of education, offering specialized and advanced academic programs in various fields. It is crucial for career advancement and contributes to research and innovation. Higher education promotes critical thinking, problem-solving, and personal growth by encouraging exploration and exposing individuals to diverse cultures and viewpoints. India's higher education system has a rich history dating back to ancient times, with institutions like Nalanda and Vikramashila attracting scholars and students from Asia. The colonial period introduced Western-style universities, while post-independence (1947) saw the establishment of Indian Institutes of Technology and Indian Institutes of Management. The 1990s saw economic liberalization in India, leading to a surge of private universities and enhanced collaboration between Indian and foreign institutions. Recent years have seen a renewed commitment to improving the quality of higher education in India, addressing issues of access, affordability, and curriculum relevance. Today, India's higher education landscape is vast and diverse, featuring numerous universities, colleges, and specialized institutions offering a wide array of programs. Comparing various educational policies of the Indian government since independence, particularly in the context of higher education, helps understand the evolution and challenges within the system.

The challenges of strategic management in higher education institutions in Tanzania: A narrative review

This narrative review consolidates existing literature on strategic management in Tanzanian higher education. The review aimed to understand the strategic management challenges and opportunities in higher education institutions. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach was employed to ensure comprehensive coverage of the literature. The findings show that strategic management practices have been formulated, but funding constraints, human resource shortages, and governance challenges hinder their implementation. The review emphasises the need for additional research to tackle the identified challenges and investigate the opportunities for improving strategic management practices in Tanzanian higher education. The study's limitations may stem from the availability and accessibility of pertinent literature, which could impact the thoroughness of the findings.

Transforming Higher-Education-Intitutes: Impact of Change Management on Sustainable Performance Through Transformational Leadership and Knowledge Management

Change management plays a key role in enhancing sustainable organizational performance in a dynamic global business environment. This study investigates the dimensions of change management (i.e., readiness of change, climate for change, and change processes) in boosting the sustainable performance of higher education institutions (HEIs) through knowledge management and transformational leaderships as mediators. This study employed an explanatory, quantitative, and cross-sectional approach for collecting data from the top management of private HEIs in Malaysia. Structural equation modeling using SmartPLS 4.0 is carried out for data analysis. We find that two dimensions of change management (i.e., climate for change and change processes) have a significantly positive impact on knowledge management, and only climate for change has a significantly positive relation with transformational leadership. The results highlighted that knowledge management mediate between climate for change and change processes and HEI sustainable performance. However, transformational leadership acts as a mediator between the climate for change and HEIs’ sustainable performance. No moderating effect of green teams was found between the mediators and HEI sustainable performance. The research findings have several implications for adopting the change management elements for the enhanced sustainable performance of HEIs and guiding the top management of HEIs, policymakers, and related governmental institutes.

Model for organizing distance learning in an educational institution

Introduction. A relevant area of informatization of education management is modeling the management of an educational institution’s activities in organizing the transition to distance learning. The purpose of the article is to develop and evaluate a structural and functional model of organizing the transition of an educational organization to distance learning based on a comparative analysis of foreign academic literature summarizing the experience of the emergency introduction of distance learning due to the coronavirus pandemic. Purpose setting. The purpose of the article is to develop and evaluate a structural and functional model for organizing the transition of an educational organization to distance learning on the basis of a comparative analysis of foreign scientific and methodological literature. Methodology and methods of the study. The development and evaluation of the model of the management system for the activities of an educational institution for the organization of DL included the solution of the following tasks: 1. Comparative Analysis of Foreign Academic Literature; 2. Development of a universal model for the organization of DL for educational organizations; 3. Model Quality Assessment. Results. A model of the management system of an educational institution for organizing distance learning has been developed. The ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implement, Evaluate) educational process organization model served as a prototype. The methodology for evaluating the model for organizing the transition of an educational organization to distance learning corresponded to the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) approach. The model was evaluated by surveying 44 experts with experience in organizing the educational process in a distance format. A static analysis of the opinions of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) experts showed that the proposed model demonstrates sufficient compliance with the established requirements and is suitable for its intended purpose. Conclusion. The developed model of the system for managing the activities of an educational institution for organizing distance learning is intended for use in educational institutions of the Russian Federation at all levels of education in the situation of assessing the preparation for the implementation of training in a fully interactive mode during emergency situations.

Braving digital retail frontier through artificial intelligence: rhetoric, reality, institutionalization

PurposeThis study explores how artificial intelligence (AI) has been intertwined with rhetoric and the journey of institutionalization in selected case study firms. The mechanism of institutionalizing AI into organizational processes, future technology transformation and the driving forces behind the implementation of AI is being explored.Design/methodology/approachIt adopts the qualitative methodology and multiple case study approach, drawing evidence from ten leading retail sector organizations that have been practicing AI for over a decade. The main data collection method was face-to-face in-depth interviews, supplemented by focus group discussion and documentary reviews. From a theoretical stance, the paper draws on the notions of rhetoric institutionalism.FindingsEmpirical findings revealed that the rhetorical power of the word AI convinces the management of the firm to embrace AI. In contrast to the hype in the media, the real application of AI in the retail sector has not lived up. Therefore, the study delves into the noticeable discrepancy between the buzz surrounding AI and its actual use in retail sectors.Originality/valueThis study contributes to research by postulating that even though AI carries rhetorical power and prompt implementation, the real organizational application is far behind the rhetorical excitements. Foregrounding rhetoric institutionalism, it extends existing institutional theory-inspired management research. The paper also offers learning points to practitioners by illustrating the rise and fall of the AI implementation story. It further showcases how AI tools and techniques could be used by a business, how AI gets implicated in a firm’s business excellence journey and the ensuing management control ramifications.

SWOT and PESTEL analyses in assessing the sustainability of In-stream wetlands in Egypt

ABSTRACT In-stream wetlands have emerged as a promising approach for improving drainage water quality. This paper assesses the efficiency and sustainability of natural in-stream wetlands (ISW) within two Egyptian drains (Tellin Drain and Faraa Al Bahwo Drain) for improving drainage water quality through a comprehensive SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) and PESTEL (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, Legal) analysis. The study assessed internal factors, including the cost-effectiveness, performance, and institutional challenges of ISWs, emphasizing their demonstrated capacity to improve water quality and their cost efficiency in pilot programs. However, the study also found weaknesses in institutional frameworks, technical capabilities, and management structure. Both wetland areas face significant external pressures, including political instability, economic challenges such as inflation and funding availability, and the impacts of climate change. Political stability and consistent policy are crucial for the success of ISW projects, yet both wetland areas struggle with governmental inefficiencies and leadership transitions. Economic factors such as inflation and inequality, particularly in Faraa Al Bahwo Wetland, pose additional risks to sustainability. Social factors, including rising health awareness and urbanization, contribute positively to wetland success, but population growth and social resistance remain substantial obstacles. Technologically, both wetlands face challenges related to outdated infrastructure, although advancements in data analytics and technology adoption offer opportunities for improvement. Environmental threats, including climate change and resource depletion, are significant but may be mitigated through effective environmental regulations. A PESTEL-SWOT integration matrix was developed to visualize the interaction between external factors and internal strengths, providing a strategic framework for stakeholders to optimize ISW implementation. These insights emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to wetland management, integrating internal and external factors for effective and sustainable drainage water quality improvement. The study recommends several strategies to tackle these challenges and enhance the sustainability of ISW. EPADP should concentrate on improving internal management by providing staff training and clearly defining roles to boost coordination and accountability. Additionally, it is essential to develop a diversified long-term financing plan that includes public-private partnerships and international climate funds to secure sustainable funding.

Relationship between Transactional Leadership Style of Principals and Their Efficacy in Change Management at Secondary Level

This study investigates the relationship between transactional leadership style adopted by principals and their effectiveness in managing change within secondary schools. Effective change management in educational institutions, particularly at the secondary level, is crucial for adapting to evolving educational landscapes and meeting the diverse needs of stakeholders. Principals play a pivotal role in facilitating and implementing change initiatives, making their leadership styles integral to the success of these endeavors. The objectives of this study were to 1) To investigate the leadership styles of Principal’s at secondary school level.2) To measure the principal’s efficacy in change management at secondary school level. 3) To analyse the relationship between leadership styles of Principals and principal’s efficacy in change management at secondary school level. This research specifically focuses on Federal Government Educational Institutions (FGEI) in the Chaklala and Rawalpindi regions. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data were collected from 142 secondary school teachers through a structured questionnaire, ensuring balanced gender representation (71 males and 71 females). This methodological framework enabled an in-depth analysis of teachers' perceptions regarding their principals' leadership behaviors and capabilities in change management. Data analysis incorporated descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis, providing a robust understanding of the interplay between leadership and change management. Results indicate that principals significantly inspire their staff by articulating a compelling vision for the future, fostering innovative thinking, and supporting teachers' professional development. Teachers expressed strong agreement regarding their principals’ abilities to cultivate a creative environment, exemplify desired behaviors, and acknowledge individual contributions. Furthermore, principals were found to be effective communicators during change initiatives and adept at addressing challenges that arise throughout the transition process. The findings suggest that principals who demonstrate flexibility, actively involve teachers in decision-making, and proactively anticipate potential challenges are more likely to succeed in implementing change initiatives. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed a substantial positive correlation (r = 0.764, p < 0.01) between leadership styles and change management efficacy, underscoring the critical role of effective leadership in facilitating successful educational transformation. Ethical considerations were strictly upheld, ensuring participant confidentiality and voluntary involvement throughout the research process. This study contributes to the existing literature on educational leadership by highlighting the significance of adaptive leadership styles in fostering positive change management outcomes. The findings emphasize the necessity for principals to nurture a supportive school culture that embraces innovation and continuous improvement, ultimately enhancing overall educational effectiveness.

Evolution, topics and relevant research methodologies in business intelligence and data analysis in the academic management of higher education institutions. A literature review

Evolution, topics and relevant research methodologies in business intelligence and data analysis in the academic management of higher education institutions. A literature review

APPLICATION OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) IN TERTIARY EDUCATION

This article explores the application of Total Quality Management (TQM) principles in higher education institutions. TQM is a management philosophy emphasizing continuous improvement, customer satisfaction, and employee involvement. The study analyzes the implementation of TQM in the higher education system, its benefits, and the challenges encountered. The findings, based on a case study approach, indicate that when effectively implemented, TQM principles can significantly enhance the quality of education and institutional management. However, successful implementation requires strong leadership, cultural change, and stakeholder engagement.

Decision Support for Infrastructure Management of Public Institutions

The management of public institutions is focused not only on providing and improving public services but also on managing the physical infrastructure that these institutions use—buildings for provision of such services. The focus of this paper is on decision support to the management of individual buildings and the set of such buildings (portfolio) during the planning phase. More precisely, it is directed towards support towards both the decision-maker (DM) and decision-making process (DMP) when planning construction activities/projects such as maintenance, renovation, reconstruction, extension, construction, design/preparation of project-technical documentation, etc. The aforementioned DMP includes the processing of a large amount of diverse data (technical, economic, social, etc.) expressed differently—numerically or descriptively, as well as in different units of measurement, simultaneously taking into account the different wishes and attitudes of stakeholders (consequently meeting their often conflicting goals and criteria). The above indicates that it is a complex and ill-defined multi-criteria problem faced by the DM/planner. On top of that, and knowing that the DM usually does not have all the necessary knowledge and skills, this paper proposes how to overcome these issues by supporting the DM within the DMP during such a planning process. The proposed concept promotes an integral (considering relevant aspects of this management problem) and inclusive (taking into account the views of relevant stakeholders) approach to managing complex construction projects and their portfolios. It is methodologically based on the logic of decision support systems and multi-criteria analysis. The multi-criteria methods used include the Preference Ranking Organization METhod for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) for the evaluation and comparison of alternatives in an integral manner, as well as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for determining the weights of criteria and achieving an inclusive and consistent approach to relevant stakeholders (based on the goal tree approach). The concept was tested on the planning of infrastructure management at a university in the Republic of Croatia, and it was proven to be useful because it provided the DM with a basis for decision making. The usefulness of the concept was confirmed by the concordance of the plan obtained using the concept and the activities/projects actually realized.

Determinants of plagiarism in plagiarism behavior and their effects on total quality management in a multicultural study

Background and Purpose: Plagiarism is considered an epidemic and a complex problem faced by many students, lecturers and researchers at higher institutions across the globe. This study investigates the causal relationships between the predictors of Plagiarism on the one hand and the intention to plagiarize on the other. It also aims to study the roles of intention to plagiarize in plagiarism behavior and, consequently, the effects of plagiarism behavior on total quality management. Methodology: Seven hundred sixty-eight postgraduate students from Malaysian, Nigerian and Omani higher institutions voluntarily participated in this study following the quota sampling technique. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data gathered. Findings: The results suggested that the predictors of Plagiarism were positively and statistically correlated to the intention to plagiarize, while the intention to plagiarize was statistically correlated with plagiarism behavior. The analysis also indicated that plagiarism behavior was statistically and negatively correlated with total quality factors, namely continuous improvement, academic performance and work ability. Contributions: Overall, this study showed that plagiarism negatively affects the total quality management in higher institutions, thus requiring an urgent response from the institution's authority. Plagiarism has a variety of fatal consequences for the student as an individual and the institution at large. Keywords: Plagiarism behavior, Total Quality Management (TQM), multicultural context.

Design and Staged Implementation of a Multidisciplinary Preoperative Anemia Clinic at a Tertiary Care Medical Center.

Preoperative anemia is common and associated with adverse outcomes in surgical patients. There is limited information to guide the design and implementation of preoperative anemia clinics (PAC), which represents a critical barrier to entry for many practices. This is a descriptive observational study highlighting the design and implementation of a multidisciplinary PAC, including key steps in planning, stakeholder engagement, organizational structure, identification of target populations, establishing anemia treatments, information technology and electronic health record integration, provider training, and data infrastructure. Demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory results, and anemia treatments for individuals evaluated in the PAC from November 4, 2019 through September 15, 2023 are enumerated. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) assessing changes in anemia symptoms and well-being after surgery are evaluated for 2 subsets of patients (one before PAC implementation [pre-PAC], another after PAC implementation [post-PAC]), without formal statistical comparison given limited sample sizes. The PAC was initiated as a multidisciplinary effort under support from a Mayo Clinic Practice Transformation Award in 2019, including broad representation from anesthesiology, surgery, and medical practices, along with institutional project management support (eg, project manager, information technologists, systems engineers). While initially limited to cardiac surgery patients, the PAC underwent planned incremental expansion to include other surgical services. Over the study period, 1188 PAC consultations across 1159 unique patients met eligibility criteria, with a median age of 66 (57-73) years and 58.1% women. The most common etiology of anemia was iron deficiency (69.1%) followed by anemia related to cancer (17.3%). Anemia-directed therapies were recommended in 1038 (87.4%) encounters, with 730 (70.3%) of those receiving recommended treatment preoperatively. Seven hundred nine (97.1%) treatments included intravenous iron and 146 (20.0%) included erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. Fifteen pre-PAC and 38 post-PAC implementation patients completed PROs. PAC implementation was accompanied by earlier resolution of anemia symptoms and less pronounced declines in postoperative well-being scores. This report highlights the key steps for successful PAC implementation. Treatment is possible for most patients and may be accompanied by improvements in patient-important outcomes.

Student perspectives on quality management and intercultural education: a case study in a public university in the Amazon of Peru

ABSTRACT Universities should implement quality management systems and promote intercultural education to improve academic excellence, diversity, and social equity. The study analyzes students' perceptions of quality management and intercultural education in higher education institutions. Using a mixed methodological approach, the researchers surveyed 408 students through questionnaires (analysed with SPSS) and conducted 23 in-depth interviews (systematized with ATLAS.ti). The results revealed that university authorities have implemented significant actions, such as institutional agreements, intercultural training, cultural events, and curricular updates, while academic activities are mainly focused on research projects, conferences, and workshops. Crucially, 86% of the students advocated for a regionalised intercultural education with universal access, without cultural distinctions. In conclusion, the study revealed a positive perception of the quality of management and intercultural education, highlighting the need to strengthen management leadership, improve faculty intercultural teaching methodologies as well as develop specific strategies that create more inclusive, diverse, and equitable learning environments through proactive, and comprehensive intercultural practices.

Implementing Sharia-Based Total Quality Management in Islamic Educational Institutions Impact on Organizational Performance

This study explores the implementation of Sharia-Based Total Quality Management (TQM) in Islamic educational institutions and its impact on organizational performance. While TQM has been widely applied in various sectors, its integration with Islamic principles remains underexplored. Many Islamic educational institutions struggle to align modern management practices with Islamic ethics, creating inefficiencies in resource management and stakeholder engagement. Using a qualitative research design, this study collected data through interviews, observations, and document analysis from five Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia that adopted MS 1900:2014 certification. The findings reveal that Sharia-based TQM enhances leadership, operational processes, and stakeholder involvement. Key Islamic values, such as justice (al-‘adl), accountability (mas’uliyyah), and consultation (shura), play a central role in decision-making, fostering an ethical and collaborative work environment.Unlike previous studies that focus on secular institutions, this study provides empirical insights into the role of Islamic ethics in quality management. The adoption of Sharia-based TQM leads to improved efficiency, cost reduction, and institutional credibility, attracting more students, funding, and partnerships. It also enhances employee productivity, reduces turnover, and strengthens financial sustainability.This study highlights the importance of integrating Sharia principles into TQM to improve institutional performance while preserving Islamic identity. The findings offer practical recommendations for policymakers and educational leaders to optimize Sharia-based quality management.

Strengthening resilience: the synergistic role of credit risk and customer relationship management in non-bank financial institutions

This study investigates the impact of Credit Risk Management (CRM) on resilience in non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) and explores how Customer Relationship Management (CREM) moderates this relationship. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with data from credit risk managers in the National Capital Region, the study finds that CRM significantly enhances resilience. Moreover, CREM strengthens the impact of credit risk management on resilience, demonstrating a synergistic effect. The findings suggest that NBFIs should integrate CRM and CREM strategies to improve organizational resilience, offering a valuable framework for enhancing stability amidst economic challenges.

Peran Manajemen Hubungan Masyarakat dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Mutu Pendidikan di Sekolah

This study aims to analyze the strategic role of public relations management (PR) in improving the quality of education in schools through various communication mechanisms and community involvement. PR has an important role as a liaison between schools and the community in building trust, disseminating information, and creating a more transparent and participatory educational environment. This study uses a library research method by reviewing various academic literature, scientific journals, and policy documents relevant to PR management in educational institutions. The results of the study indicate that effective communication strategies, both through digital media, routine meetings, and institutional publications, have a positive impact on the image of the school and increase community involvement in the educational process. In addition, well-managed PR can strengthen the relationship between schools and various stakeholders, including the government, the business world, and social organizations, thus supporting the development of more sustainable education programs. The impact of the implementation of optimal PR management is also seen in increasing student learning motivation, active participation of parents in education policies, and improving the quality of teaching through teacher training programs and the provision of more adequate educational facilities. Thus, the role of PR in education is not just an administrative function, but also a strategic element that contributes to creating a more inclusive, innovative, and quality education ecosystem.

Portfolio Management in the Financial Services Industry: Risk and Return Optimization Strategies for Institutional Investors

Portfolio management is a key area of financial services, especially for institutional investors seeking to maximize returns while minimizing risk. This paper focuses on the portfolio management strategies employed by financial platforms, specifically comparing two leading fintech platforms in India: Groww and Zerodha. By analyzing the risk-return optimization strategies, features, and offerings, we evaluate how these platforms contribute to institutional portfolio management and their potential benefits to institutional investors. Keywords: Portfolio Management, Risk and Return, Financial Services, Institutional Investors, Fintech, Groww, Zerodha, Asset Allocation, Diversification, Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT), Robo-Advisory.

The underlying effect of unsystematic financial risk on banks' financial performance: An analytical study of commercial banks

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of credit risk, liquidity risk, and operational risk on the profitability of banks in Jordan. Using data from conventional banks between 2017 and 2023, the study employs the generalized method of moments (GMM) for coefficient estimation to account for endogenous variables. The findings indicate that both credit and liquidity risks negatively affect bank profitability, with this negative effect evident when the risks are considered individually or together. However, operational risk does not have a significant direct impact on financial performance. This research contributes to the understanding of how financial risks influence bank performance, particularly in developing economies, and provides practical insights for senior management in financial institutions, offering guidance on risk management strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of credit and liquidity risks.

Innovative technologies in plastic waste management in educational institutions

One of the pressing global problems in recent years is environmental pollution and inefficient waste management. In this regard, smart bins with automatic waste separation are increasingly being created and introduced, which facilitate recycling and reduce the burden on the environment. The introduction of such bins and simple devices for recycling plastic in educational institutions will not only ensure cleanliness and reduce the amount of waste but will also contribute to the formation of environmental awareness in the younger generation, nurturing in them a sense of responsibility for the environment. The aim of this research is to develop, within the framework of a student startup, and experimentally test smart waste bins with automatic separation of plastic waste and a device for recycling it for secondary use for educational purposes without transportation and additional costs. Based on modern IoT and AI technologies, a smart waste bin with automatic waste separation and a device for recycling collected plastic and creating threads for a 3D printer were developed, implemented in an educational institution, and experimentally tested. Their influence on the formation of environmental awareness among students was confirmed during a survey conducted among students of Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University (Kazakhstan).