Malaysian Education Development Plan Research Articles

Cabaran Guru Untuk Mengintegrasikan Teknologi Maklumat Dan Komunikasi (TMK) Bagi Meningkatkan Kemahiran Membaca Dalam Kalangan Murid

Teachers in this country still face various challenges or obstacles to implement ICT to improve reading skills among students. There are still many teachers in Malaysia who do not use ICT facilities in their learning despite being advised by the Malaysian Ministry of Education (MOE). Teachers still practice the old traditional way of teaching in the classroom which is seen as easier. The integration of ICT is very low because the teachers themselves are not skilled and weak in using the technology in reading skills. Thus, the Ministry of Education and Culture has created a Malaysian Education Development Plan 2013-2025 to apply ICT in Learning and Facilitation (PdPc) in the classroom to improve students reading skills. The purpose of this study is to identify the challenges faced by teachers when integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to improve reading skills among students and suggestions to overcome them. The results of the study found that the level of integrating TMK in reading skills is still moderate. It is due to the teacher himself who refuses to change himself to accept the use of ICT in teaching.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP AND TEACHER PERFORMANCE

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between spiritual leadership and teacher performance among secondary school teachers in the state of Kelantan. This study involved a total of 380 respondents, consisting of national secondary school teachers in the state of Kelantan. The research conducted is using a quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to collect data among secondary school teachers in the state of Kelantan. The instrument used to measure Spiritual Leadership in this study was adapted from the Spiritual Leadership Survey instrument developed by Fry (2003). While the questionnaire instrument to test teacher performance was modified from The Framework for Teaching instrument produced by Danielson (2013). To test the hypotheses underlying this study, the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 24 was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive mean, t-Test and correlation tests. A mean descriptive test was conducted to find out the level of spiritual leadership practices of the principal and also the level of performance of the teachers. T-test was conducted to find out the differences in spiritual leadership practices and teacher performance based on gender. While the Pearson Correlation Test was used to test the strength of the relationship between spiritual leadership and teacher performance. The findings of the study show that the practice of spiritual leadership among secondary school teachers in Kelantan is high. Similarly, the performance shown by the teachers is also high. Findings also prove that there is no significant difference in spiritual leadership and teacher performance based on gender. Findings also show that spiritual leadership has a significant relationship with teacher performance. Therefore, it is suggested that the dimensions of spiritual leadership can be applied to principals and teachers in schools to ensure that teachers' performance is always at an excellent level in line with the goals in the Malaysian Education Development Plan 2013-2025. The researcher suggests that further research be conducted in primary schools, religious schools, national type secondary schools and private schools to see the practice of spiritual leadership among school leaders and teachers as well as the influence of spiritual leadership in improving teacher performance.

PELAKSANAAN PENTAKSIRAN ALTERNATIF DIGITAL DALAM KALANGAN GURU PENDIDIKAN ISLAM (GPI) DI SEKOLAH KEBANGSAAN

School- Based Assessment is one of the transformations in the education system. Changes in the field of education also involve a various assessment method, including the use of digital technology. This article will discuss the implementation of digital alternative assessment in primary schools. The use of digital technology in education is recommended by the Malaysian Ministry of Education to ensure that the country's education moves along with modernization. 21st Century Education has been introduced to ensure that the quality of the education system can be improved. Along with the industrial revolution 4.0, the Government is in the framework of implementing the National Digital Education Policy as a step forward to prepare a digitally literate generation. Accordingly, the practice of digital assessment carried out by teachers is expected to provide accurate information and show the true state of the student's learning level. This article is a concept paper that discusses issues related to teachers' knowledge, practices and attitudes in implementing digital alternative assessment in primary schools. This article also discusses and highlights issues related to the knowledge, practice and attitude of Islamic Education teachers in implementing digital alternative assessment in primary schools. The matters discussed are in line with the Malaysian Education Development Plan 2013-2025, which is that the Malaysian Ministry of Education will focus on improving the quality of teaching by improving the quality of teachers and school leadership. The article also put forward some suggestions for the improvement of quality in the implementation of digital alternative assessment of primary schools.

INSTILLING STUDENT LEADERSHIP PRACTICES TOWARDS TEAMWORK THROUGH CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN SECONDARY STUDENTS

The article describes a new understanding of how to instill student leadership practice towards teamwork through co-curricular activities in secondary students. The Malaysian Education Development Plan (PPPM) 2013-2025 specifies that students should be able to lead and work in a team as students are the frontrunners in future leadership. The study method used was a quantitative survey using a questionnaire to identify student leadership practices and their relationship with student teamwork in Malaysia. The study respondents comprised 446 students selected through random group cluster sampling. The findings showed a significant relationship between student leadership practices and teamwork based on gender aspects. The results also showed a strong and significant positive relationship between student leadership practices and teamwork among respondents (r = .760, p < .01) and student leadership variance of 51.3% in teamwork (r²=.513, F=155.253) This study also showed that only two dimensions of student leadership practices namely ‘setting shared vision’ (β = .446, p < .01) and ‘setting motivating action’ (β = .186, p < .01) acted as the predictor of teamwork for students participating in co-curricular activities. New research results from this study proved that the practice of student leadership in co-curricular activities had improved teamwork skills, especially in developing student's leadership potential, and it can also attract students' interest in active involvement. The implication of this study is to provide students with leadership practice and teamwork skills as they are essential for future human models' marketability.

Learning Visual Arts Language for Level One Students through Game -Based Learning Kit

Fun teaching methods are very important in helping the learning process of Visual Arts Education especially in the Field of Visual Arts Language (BSV). This fun teaching method is usually closely related to the use of interesting Teaching Aids (ABBM). Game -based ABBM will be able to create a more fun and meaningful teaching and learning process. This article is a concept paper to discuss the use of game-based Learning Kits to help the learning of Visual Arts Language (BSV) among Form One students. The use of game-based learning kits is expected to help teachers in improving students 'understanding and interest during the teaching and learning sessions of Visual Arts Language as well as to diversify teachers' teaching methods in line with the Malaysian Education Development Plan (PPPM) 2013-2025 which focuses on improving teaching quality through improvement the quality of teachers and school leaderships.

Learning Visual Arts Language for Level One Students through Game -Based Learning Kit

Fun teaching methods are very important in helping the learning process of Visual Arts Education especially in the Field of Visual Arts Language (BSV). This fun teaching method is usually closely related to the use of interesting Teaching Aids (ABBM). Game -based ABBM will be able to create a more fun and meaningful teaching and learning process. This article is a concept paper to discuss the use of game-based Learning Kits to help the learning of Visual Arts Language (BSV) among Form One students. The use of game-based learning kits is expected to help teachers in improving students 'understanding and interest during the teaching and learning sessions of Visual Arts Language as well as to diversify teachers' teaching methods in line with the Malaysian Education Development Plan (PPPM) 2013-2025 which focuses on improving teaching quality through improvement the quality of teachers and school leaderships.

Application of Stem in the Mastery of Mathematics Learning In Primary School

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) is an important agenda in the Malaysian Education Development Plan (PPPM) 2013-2025. Mathematics teachers play an important role in teaching and learning in the classroom. This study is a needs analysis study in the first phase of Design and Development Research (DDR). The purpose of this need's analysis study is to identify the need for the development of STEM application models in Mathematics mastery in primary schools. The study was conducted qualitatively using the interview method. Informants such as mathematicians, STEM experts, model development experts and primary school mathematics resource teachers were interviewed. All these experts were selected by purposive sampling and met the set criteria. Interview data were analyzed using thematic techniques, namely transcription, coding and themes verbatim. The findings of this study indicate that there is a need for researchers to develop STEM application models in mathematics mastery. Therefore, researchers suggest that further research is needed to make a study to discuss the impact and importance of STEM applications in mathematics learning mastery in primary schools.

The Needs of Design Thinking Practices among D&T Students Based on Teachers Perspective: A Qualitative Approach

Thinking skills are one of the six main aspirations of the Malaysian Education Development Plan to provide students with intellectual abilities, including critical, creative, logical and metacognitive thinking. Design thinking is an essential element in thinking skills, especially education today because it can help increase the creativity and innovation to solve a problem. Subjects such as Design and Technology and Reka Cipta are significant transformations in ensuring that students master theory, practical skills, and creative and critical thinking. Hence, this study explores the need to apply design thinking for Design and Technology subjects based on the teacher’s perspective? In this qualitative study, four D&T teachers in Sepang, Selangor, were selected as study participants using purposive sampling. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The conclusions supported researchers to identify the problems and the need to apply design thinking in the teaching and learning process of D&T in secondary schools. Through data analysis, three principal themes were formed to explain the study's results in detail. Teachers were aware that the transformation of education and the application of design thinking could positively influence student development, particularly in terms of improving 21st-century skills, enhancing student understanding, designing a fun learning atmosphere, and applying elements across the curriculum.

A Revised Bloom's Taxonomy: An Essential Approach to Constructing Assessment Questions for the Probability and Statistics Course

Malaysia's education system has taken action to implement Malaysia's Education Development Plan 2015-2025 in response to the needs of the latest economic and educational revolution. The plan emphasises critical thinking abilities and STEM knowledge as key factors. However, an assessment approach that does not contain both parts is one factor contributing to the plan's lack of accessibility. Bloom's taxonomy is presented as a technique for determining the level of difficulty of assessment in STEM disciplines. One of the statistics courses was chosen to represent STEM. An essential approach has been implemented, which includes a qualitative method. The quality of an assessment question can be determined using a document analysis technique that involves reviewing a collection of question items, as well as revising Bloom's guidelines, verbs, and taxonomy descriptions for the course.

Relationship between Academic Achievement and Interest Factors Based on Collaborative Learning Approach among Form Six Economics Students

Economic literacy is an essential piece of an individual’s daily life regardless of background. An acquaintance of economic literacy empowers individuals to decide rationally in the face of economic issues that impact the lives of communities and nations in a dynamic atmosphere. Malaysia has been in the third phase in executing the Malaysia Education Development Plan (2013-2025). Thus, the Ministry of Education Malaysia took a visionary step by advancing a virtual learning platform called Google Classroom or known as Digital Educational Learning Initiative Malaysia (DELIMa), at the school level. This approach satisfies the learning needs and wants of Generation Z students. An active learning climate such as a collaborative approach boosts the learning process positively. Nevertheless, the economic achievements and interests of the students identified were not promising. Interest and achievement factors are closely interrelated. Accordingly, this study attempted to identify the perception of students’ interest in economic learning and the relationship between interest factors and economic students’ achievement based on a collaborative learning approach. This survey study was conducted on 207 Form Six economics students in Malacca, Malaysia. The research instruments involved in collecting data were questionnaires and student achievement tests. The outcomes of the Pearson correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between interest and achievement factors among economics students. Contextually, this approach could support economics students gain access to and manage learning content more easily. The researcher proposes that this learning by the Google Classroom-assisted digital platform approach be continued in the future to facilitate students to access learning content. The conclusions of this study confirmed that futuristic pedagogical methods such as cybersecurity, gamification and heutagogy would complement the landscape of the learning environment in Malaysia in the future. Thus, added studies on other factors that support the efficacy of the implementation of digital collaborative learning approaches should be developed. Keywords: Academic Achievement; Interest; Google Classroom; Online Learning; Economics Education. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/13-1-01 Publication date: January 31 st 2022

APLIKASI TEKNIK FUZZY DELPHI DALAM PEMBANGUNAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN STEM TENAGA NUKLEAR BAGI MATA PELAJARAN SAINS TINGKATAN EMPAT

This study was conducted quantitatively to develop a nuclear energy STEM learning module based on expert consensus. Nuclear energy education in the field of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) is an important agenda in the Malaysian Education Development Plan (PPPM) 2013-2025 to meet the aspirations of the country and the needs of the global world. The role of teachers is important in the teaching and learning of nuclear energy so that the objectives of the lesson are achieved. Learning the topic of nuclear energy is considered a difficult topic to understand because it cannot be seen, felt or smelled. Teachers with limited knowledge of nuclear energy also contribute to students’ knowledge misconceptions. This study was conducted using Fuzzy Delphi technique questionnaire instrument on 11 experts to obtain views and consensus. Fuzzy Deplhi technique data were analyzed to determine the elements of sub - topics, content, strategies and learning styles as well as appropriate resource training in the learning modules. The results of the study showed that all elements met the requirements, namely the threshold value d was less than 0.2 and the percentage of the expert group was more than 75%. This shows that all the items are required by the expert panel in developing the nuclear energy STEM learning module for the form four Science subject.

Differentiated Pedagogical Instructions in the Context of Learning Style and Fairness to Students: The Thoughts of Ibn Sahnun

This article discusses a new teaching approach that is in line with the latest education that focuses on student -centered learning. This approach to teaching Differentiated Instruction is in line with Imam Ibn Sahnun's thinking on the importance of teacher teaching that focuses on student learning style and justice to all students regardless of their level of ability and capability in the classroom. This approach is an appropriate paradigm shift in responding to the call of the Ministry of Education Malaysia in fulfilling the objectives of the Malaysian Education Development Plan 2013- 2025 which is to close the achievement gap among students and the expectations of the Ministry of Education Malaysia in the release letter number 14 of 2018 which states teacher evaluation to pupils are holistic (Ministry of Education Malaysia, 2018). Differentiated Instruction is a relevant teaching method and suitable for use in teaching because it has a teaching aspect that involves all students without differentiating between students whether the students have excellent, moderate, or poor level of learning mastery. This article focuses on the philosophy of Differentiated Instruction which emphasizes on the learning style of students and also the thinking of Imam Ibn Sahnun who emphasizes on the teaching of teachers who should give justice to all students regardless of the background of students and so on and should be the method of teaching Differentiated Instruction very appropriately used in teaching to diverse pupils.

Validity and Reliability of Google Classroom Assisted Economics Learning Impact Instrument Using the Rasch Measurement Model

The 7th shift of the Malaysian Education Development Plan (2013-2025) highlights the Ministry of Education's efforts to leverage the use of ICT to improve the quality of learning in Malaysia. Currently, Malaysia is at the final phase in the implementation of the 3rd wave (2021-2025) of the development plan, in line with its aim to catalyse changes in the education system. In line with recent technology advances, the call is welcomed by educationists. However, there are still questions on whether ICT is accepted by students and whether it is more effective to support the learning of economics compared to the traditional teaching method. In this regard, it is important for teachers to practice effective teaching methods. The use of an effective teaching method could address issues related to students’ economic achievement due to the lack of interests, self-efficacy and negative attitude. This pilot study is aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of Google Classroom-supported economics learning impact instruments. Forty-six economics students were selected from three schools. The Rasch measurement model was used to test the reliability of the instrument through analysing the item’s reliability, individual reliability, Cronbach's alpha value, individual-item discrimination, standardised residual correlation, item polarity, and item fit. The study found that the instrument has good validity and reliability. The reliability of the item and instrument respondents reliability test is high at 0.82 and 0.91, proving that the instrument is suitable for use in the actual study. It is hoped that the findings of this study will contribute to the development of knowledge, particularly in developing questionnaires among Malaysia teachers and provide economics teachers a tool for assessing the impact of learning. Appropriate follow-up actions by teachers can be taken to improve effective learning processes in the future. It is suggested for this questionnaire to be used in a real-world study on the impact of using Google Classroom-based learning on students’ interest, self-efficacy, attitude and acceptance.

PERSEPSI GURU TERHADAP GAYA PEMBELAJARAN VAK DALAM MEMBANTU PELAJAR PERALIHAN MEMBACA DAN MENULIS (Teachers’ Perception on VAK Learning Style to Support Transition Students’ Reading and Writing Skills)

The Malaysian Education System aims to ensure that every student reaches their full potential, especially in literacy (reading and writing skills). In this regard, every student must master the Malay language in line with the requirements of the Malaysian Education Development Plan 2013 - 2025. Writing and reading is an important element in the development of students referring to the Malay language DSKP. These elements can be identified through easy access from increased decision performance as a result of an organized, systematic, and continuous learning process. This study aims to obtain teachers' perceptions of VAK learning style in helping students transition to reading and writing in a school in Puchong. This study uses a qualitative design by involving a total of 3 teachers with a structured interview method. The results of the study found that having a positive attitude towards VAK learning style and applying in PdPc transition class. The selection of learning styles that are appropriate to students' abilities is also important in optimizing the effectiveness of the reading and writing process. Keywords: Teacher perception; VAK learning styles; Transition students, Reading and writing

Language Learning Strategies And Readability Of Form Four KBD Arabic Textbooks

There have been efforts to empower the Arabic language as a subject with the potential to strengthen the Early Integrated Curriculum (KBD) in Malaysia. The importance of mastering this subject is also emphasized in the Malaysian Education Development Plan (2013-2025). Thus, the need to examine language learning strategies with students’ text readability is relevant. However, studies related to the readability of Arabic texts have been found to be limited and there are still weaknesses of students in using language learning strategies. Thus, this study aims to identify the relationship between language learning strategies and the readability of form four KBD Arabic textbooks among Government Aided Religious Schools (SABK) students. The Schema theory and the Interactive Reading Model by Rumelhart (1977) were used as the basis of this study. Meanwhile, quantitative design by survey was implemented on 694 students in five zones of SABK using the proportional strata random sampling technique. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially covering frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation tests, and Kuder Richardson 20. The results of the study showed that the language learning strategies were at a moderate level. On the other hand, the level of readability of the Arabic textbooks of the students was disappointing. There was a weak significant positive relationship between language learning strategies and readability of form four KBD Arabic textbooks among SABK students. The implications of the study contributed to the applicability of the theories and models underpinned in the context of this study. The results of the study can also be used by teachers to help students improve their language learning strategies as well as to increase the readability achievement.

KEPIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, IKLIM SEKOLAH DAN KEPUASAN KERJA GURU

The Malaysia Education Development Plan 2013-2025 focuses on empowering school principal leadership as the main platform for developing school excellence. Therefore, this study was conducted to look at the transformational leadership relationships practiced by principals into two main elements that influence school excellence, namely the school climate and also teacher job satisfaction. A cross-district survey was used to collect data involving regular daily secondary school teachers in Kelantan. A total of 390 teachers from the population of 10866 were randomly selected using the grade sampling method. The instrument consists of 20 items already used to measure transformational leadership among principals (Femke Geijsel, Peter Sleegers & Rudolf van den Berg, 1999), 3 things to measure teacher job satisfaction (Johnson, Stevens & Zvoch, 2007), and 21 items used to measure school climate (James Griffith, 2003). The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 25.0. The findings show that there is a significant positive relationship between transformational leadership towards the school climate and teacher job satisfaction. The findings can be used by school leaders in efforts to develop the school climate and environment as well as to adopt recommended approaches to improve teacher job satisfaction levels.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPUASAN KERJA DAN PRESTASI KERJA GURU

The government is very concerned about issues related to schooling because the results of education today will shape our generation in the future. In this regard, the government takes seriously the aspect of national education and implements various initiatives to improve the effectiveness and excellence of schools through one of the aspects contained in the strategic thrust of the Malaysian Education Development Plan (PPPM) 2013-2025 which is focused on the quality of student academic achievement as the main agenda of education reform. Therefore, in an effort to improve and enhance work performance among teachers, there are related issues that need to be emphasized. Teacher job performance gaps are examined and given emphasis from the aspect of job satisfaction, Therefore, this study aims to identify the relationship between job satisfaction factors and teacher job performance. The population of this study consisted of teachers at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan (SMK) in the education sector in the northern region, Peninsular Malaysia. However, for this study, the focus is given to the two locations of the states involved, are Perlis and Kedah. This location was chosen because the schools involved in this study are under one education system that implements the same policies and policies and the implementation of curricular and co-curricular activities is also the same. In fact, the schools involved in this study also received allocations and financial assistance in almost the same amount for the whole country (Ministry of National Education, MOE). For research purposes, this study used the questionnaire distribution method. While the process to analyze the data is using Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) Version 24. The results of the analysis found that job satisfaction has a significant positive relationship with teacher work performance.

I-Think Multiple Changes in The Teachers Teaching

This concept paper will discuss issues related to the concept of i-Think in the teaching process in schools. The definition of i-Think is explained through the introduction of the thinking tool used, namely, the eight thinking maps for teachers and students in the teaching and learning process and the way they are implemented. In addition, this concept paper also explains the importance and challenges of implementing it in schools. It is intended to expose many stakeholders to the importance of applying i-Think thinking maps to create an effective 21st-century teaching and learning process. According to the Malaysian Education Development Plan (PPPM) 2013-2025, it highlights six key features that every student needs to compete globally to strengthen the existing education system. One of the elements mentioned is improving your thinking skills. Today, the development of correct and comprehensive thinking skills is crucial to become a developed and high-quality country, especially in education. Thinking tools such as the use of visual management have proven their effectiveness in low-performing schools such as the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States. Based on the literature review of the use of graphic management in the teaching practices of teachers in Malaysia such as the mind map is still low and does not encourage students to be more creative and critical in their learning. Therefore, our education system which does not emphasize high level thinking skills should be taken seriously by all parties.

A Model of School Improvement Specialist Coaches (SISC+) in Development Teaching Professionalism: A Conceptual Review

The Program for the Professional Schools Coaches Plus (SISC+) has been introduced in Malaysia since 2013 in order to boost teaching standards and achieve better student achievement in key subject areas, such as Bahasa Melayu and english and mathematics. Teacher training under the SISC + program in the Malaysian education system has various impacts. This research paper is to identify a model of SISC + coaching and mentoring initiatives in enhancing the growth of the teaching profession in line with the third wave of school transformation of the Malaysian Education Development Plan (2021-2025). Researchers discovered that the SISC + model is designed with five action steps based on the Growth Model to help teachers improve their teaching quality and develop teacher professionalism. To gain the necessary information, researchers have used library review. Based on the results, the researcher proposed a model that demonstrated teacher professionalism growth through SISC + in terms of knowledge and skills of pedagogical practices. The model is indirectly will help the middle leaders in school to focus on students achievement and teachers development. The study's results will fill in the gaps in future literature reviews of growth of teaching professionalism and the School Improvement Specialists Coaches Plus.

Application of Theory of Social Constructivism in Teaching Arabic Teachers to Apply Higher Order Thinking Skill

Theory of Social Constructivism is a theory that introduced by Vygotsky's emphasis on social interactions that give the impression of a positive impact on a person's mastery of language. Arabic is an additional language in school that studied by students in Malaysia. Through the Malaysian Education Development Plan (2013 – 2025), a revision to the curriculum has been implemented where the Integrated Secondary School Curriculum has been changed to the Standard Secondary School Curriculum. In this Standard Secondary School Curriculum, Higher Order Thinking Skill is an element that needs to be given direct emphasis. This reform is a big challenge for Arabic language teachers who have been emphasizing the teaching of language knowledge more than language skills themselves. Therefore, this theory of social constructivism can be seen to be applied to apply HOTS in the teaching of Arabic language teachers more effectively.