Main Newspapers Research Articles

Markaðsvæðing frétta: Greining á innihaldi frétta í tveimur dagblöðum og tveimur vefmiðlum fyrir og eftir hrun

Miklar breytingar hafa orðið í fjölmiðlun undanfarna áratugi. Breytingarnar eiga sér pólitískar, efnahagslegar og ekki síst tæknilegar rætur og hafa m.a lýst sér í samþjöppun eignarhalds, aukinni markaðsvæðingu og harðnandi samkeppni. Erlendar rannsóknir benda margar til þess að þessi þróun hafi haft veruleg áhrif á blaða- og fréttamennsku og fjölmiðlar leggi aukna áherslu á fréttir af glæpum, íþróttum og frægu fólki, en minni á fréttir af stjórnmálum, efnahagsmálum eða alþjóðamálum. Ýmsir fræðimenn hafa einnig haldið því fram að þessa sjái stað í netmiðlum í ríkari mæli en hefðbundnum miðlum á borð við dagblöð, þar sem eiginleikar netsins og stafrænnar miðlunar ýti undir slíkt. Ísland hefur ekki farið varhluta af þessum breytingum, en lítið er vitað um áhrif þeirra á efnið sem fjölmiðlar framleiða. Í þessari grein er gerð grein fyrir niðurstöðum rannsóknar á innihaldi frétta í stærstu dagblöðum og veffréttamiðlum hér á landi árin 2005 og 2013, eða fyrir og eftir efnahagshrunið 2008. Þær benda til þess að umfang frétta af pólitík og efnahagsmálum sé hlutfallslega minna nú en var fyrir hrun, en svokallaðar mjúkar fréttir, af íþróttum, afþreyingu og frægu fólki séu að sama skapi hlutfallslega fleiri. Það á einkum við um vefmiðlana en síður um dagblöðin.

Automatic Topic Title Assignment with Word Embedding

AbstractIn this paper, we propose TAWE (title assignment with word embedding), a new method to automatically assign titles to topics inferred from sets of documents. This method combines the results obtained from the topic modeling performed with, e.g., latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) or other suitable methods and the word embedding representation of words in a vector space. This representation preserves the meaning of the words while allowing to find the most suitable word that represents the topic. The procedure is twofold: first, a cleaned text is used to build the LDA model to infer a desirable number of latent topics; second, a reasonable number of words and their weights are extracted from each topic and represented in n-dimensional space using word embedding. Based on the selected weighted words, a centroid is computed, and the closest word is chosen as the title of the topic. To test the method, we used a collection of tweets about climate change downloaded from some of the main newspapers accounts on Twitter. Results showed that TAWE is a suitable method for automatically assigning a topic title.

AI Implementation Strategies in the Spanish Press Media: Organizational Dynamics, Application Flows, Uses and Future Trends

This research analyses the artificial intelligence application strategies adopted by the Spanish press media at the height of the generative AI boom, extending previous studies on integrating AI technology into journalistic routines. We studied the dynamics of implementation of AI solutions in the main newspapers in Spain, determining the departments or professionals involved, the current uses, and how AI affects their organization chart and professional profiles, as well as providing insights into the future trends of this technology in the sector. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology was employed, based on interviews with a purposive sample of executives from the 10 newspapers with the largest circulation in Spain: El País, La Vanguardia, Marca, La Voz de Galicia, As, ABC, El Mundo, El Correo, El Diario Vasco and Mundo Deportivo. The results reveal that AI is conceived in the Spanish press media as an assistant aimed at optimizing all kinds of mechanical processes and existing products, not at amplifying coverage or generating final pieces that reduce the standard of quality essential to their subscription model. Groups such as Prisa, Vocento or Unidad Editorial centralize their AI strategy, while Grupo Godó delegates this management to its headers. These newspapers consider that AI will boost the renewal of job profiles in their structures, despite the fact that they do not currently have strictly specialized professionals.

The features of functioning of the expression "another thing that"

The object of the study is a textual staple "another thing that", which was formed on the basis of the noun "thing". The subject of the study is its structural, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties. The purpose of this article is to present the results of the analysis of the specified properties of the staple and, on this basis, to show the features of its functioning in modern Russian. One of the aspects of consideration is the analysis of contextual modifications of the staple and the establishment of its main variant. Syntactically, its ability to function both in the text and in a complex sentence is analyzed. The main attention is paid to determining the type of relationship that a staple establishes between fragments of text, and identifying the dependence of the type of relationship on the semantics of the components that make up the staple. Considerable attention is paid to the pragmatic properties of the staple, its ability to convey the evaluative opinion of the speaker is considered. The material for the analysis was text fragments obtained with the help of the National Corpus of the Russian Language (NKRR). The material was collected using a continuous sampling method, as well as using the "lexico-grammatical search" option in the main newspaper and oral corpus of the NKRR. Descriptive and quantitative research methods were used in the analysis of linguistic material. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time a detailed analysis of the features of the functioning of the structure is presented in modern literary texts and media texts. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, a paperclip "another thing that" functions in the text as a "text paperclip". The main variant of the bond is a structure that includes the union "what". This text staple establishes a contradictory relationship between fragments of text, which is due to the semantics of the pronominal adjective "another" that is part of it. The pragmatic component of the staple is its ability to reflect the speaker's position in terms of evaluating situations opposed in the text and indicate a change of sign from plus to minus, and vice versa.

Inoculation Reduces Misinformation: Experimental Evidence from Multidimensional Interventions in Brazil

Abstract Misinformation is widely seen as a threat to democracy that should be promptly addressed by scholars, journalists, and policymakers. However, some of the debated solutions are either controversial (internet platform regulation) or may be difficult and costly to implement in many settings (fact-checking corrections). This study investigates the effectiveness of preemptive interventions, a type of solution that has received considerably less attention in this debate. Studies show that interventions through awareness and media literacy campaigns can inoculate citizens against misinformation, but these interventions are restricted to a few contexts and settings. Our paper uses two field experiments, one of which was conducted in partnership with Brazil’s main newspaper, to investigate the effectiveness of multidimensional interventions against misinformation in São Paulo. The findings show that preemptive interventions can indeed reduce rumor acceptance and provide insights into the strategies to combat misinformation in democracies.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MASS MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION WITH THE PROCESS OF THE DWELLING OF HUNGARIAN IMMIGRANTS IN THE SOUTH OF BRAZIL

This work aims to answer the questions of, what is the communication and mass media role in the process of settling down in a new landscape through analysis of the publications and communications in the medium newspapers, ranging the year from 1921 to 1989. The main newspaper this research focuses on is the "O Correio do Povo" which is the main local newspaper of the city of Jaraguá do Sul, also the "Jaraguá: Seminarios Nacionalistas" another newspaper that circulated for a few years in the city. Thus, the focus is on reporting and analyzing the newspaper advertisements and reports, to answer the questions of, what is the communication and mass media role in the process of settling down in a new landscape by the Hungarian immigrants in the South of Brazil. Based on archive research, focused on the role of the media in the process of immigration and colonization in Jaraguá do Sul. The timeline range covers the propaganda made for the arrival of Europeans to the south - before 1891 as presented in books -, going through the publications in the local newspapers from 1921 to 1989. Finally, a brief introduction was made about the nowadays publications, reinforcing the role of the newspaper in remembering, which generates questions about its new roles in society under a digital acceleration. The whole analysis brought up also the main values and needs of the community during the first decades, through the portrait of the current in the past, which the newspaper helped to compose. Such aspects will help in the reflection of future analyses on how it was reflected in the local architecture.

Carioca football in times of “Seidl's disease”: tension and commotion in the height of the spanish flu of 1918

This article aims to understand the actions and speeches of the agents involved with Rio de Janeiro soccer, emphasizing the Metropolitan League of Land Sports and its first division members, at the height of the influenza circulation in the Federal Capital, between the end of September and early December 1918, with the suspension of the Carioca Championship of that year being decreed within that period. For this purpose, the main newspapers in Rio de Janeiro that addressed the events related to the epidemic and its effects were collected, systematized and analyzed from perspectives that were not always in agreement.

Political clientelism and print media in Mexico: the reduction of the government advertising budget as a catalyst in the change of editorial line in the main newspapers of the country

A partir de la reducción del presupuesto gubernamental en materia de publicidad oficial, distintos diarios en México, que solían tener una postura editorial leal al gobierno en turno, decidieron tomar otra dirección, comenzando a ejercer un trabajo periodístico crítico y de denuncia tanto hacia la figura presidencial como a personajes del partido político establecido en el poder, Morena. Las históricas prácticas clientelares, acompañadas de la compren-sión sobre la forma en la que los medios de comunicación impresos se han relacionado con el aparato gubernamental en México, funcionan como eje para argumentar cómo la cancelación o mutación de las mismas ha hecho que diarios como El Universal, Excelsior o Reforma, ahora se asuman como contrapesos al poder político. En tanto, el ensayo funge como una aproxi-mación contextual y teórica sobre cómo se podría abordar el fenómeno de forma empírica.

María del Pilar Sinués: una traductora de obras edificantes

"María del Pilar Sinués (1835-1893) wrote more than a hundred works, most of them novels. She also collaborated with magazines and participated in different cultural institutions. The author was a representative of traditional Christian values, and her writings dealt with, and intermingled, literature and pedagogy. She dedicated much of her time and effort to translation; however, her contributions in this regard are less well known. In fact, Sinués de Marco, like Joaquina García Balmaseda (1837-1911) and Faustina Sáez de Melgar (1834-1895), devoted most of her time to translating French works which were published in the main newspapers of her time. This essay discusses how she translated into Spanish the novels of many writers, some of them well known, such as Alfred Musset (1810-1857), Paul Féval (1817-1887) and Hendrik Conscience (1812-1883) and others not so renowned, such as Mauricio Barr (1862-1923), Mathilde Bourdon (1817-1888), and Gyp (1850-1932). The writer’s interest in translating foreign novels that served to educate women and transform them into good Christians will also be analyzed, highlighting how Sinués promoted edifying, formative, and orthodox novels."

Comparative Study of the Information about the COVID-19 Pandemic and COVID-19 Vaccines on the Covers of United Kingdom, France, Spain and United States’ Main Newspapers

This study compares the information coverage of the vaccine against the information of the COVID-19 pandemic in eight newspapers (two per country) from the United Kingdom, France, Spain and the United States. The newspapers analyzed are The Times and The Guardian (United Kingdom), Le Monde and Le Figaro (France), El País and El Mundo (Spain), and The New York Times and The Washington Post (United States). On a methodological level, the work uses a descriptive approach of hemerographic analysis. As a result, it is observed—in the case of coverage of the pandemic—that the presence of affected persons and health personnel in the front-page information was negligible, with a predominance of news journalistic genres (brief and newsworthy, especially), evidencing a leading role of political figures and the high degree of politicization of the crisis. In addition, the visual frames in the analyzed newspapers tended to promote humanization through emotional representation. On the other hand, the results of the news coverage of the vaccine showed a predominance of news journalistic genres, wherein supranational entities and pharmaceutical companies starred in the front pages to a greater extent. The study denotes the importance of media literacy among citizens, especially in the face of this type of informational events of global significance.

‘The Chambre is stronger than the rules’: the performance and parliamentary practices in the nineteenth century French Chambre des Députés des Départements

ABSTRACT This article examines the impact of embodied actions in the daily practices of parliamentary debates in nineteenth-century France. The publication of parliamentary transcripts in the main newspapers at the time confirms the interest of the public in political debates. Instead of simply reporting the content of speeches delivered in the assemblies, these transcripts provided readers with highly detailed accounts of the deliberations, including, for example, the reactions of the audience, as well as the movements and vocal characteristics of political actors. Reproducing the articulations of speeches within the material context of the Chambre, journalists and stenographers sought to allow readers to immerse themselves into the parliamentary experience. Using the analytical frame of experience to examine these material elements within the recorded parliamentary activity found in a representative selection of newspapers, this paper argues that the discursive interactions within the assembly relied on practices that used the materiality of the Chambre. These practices shaped the cultural code of the assembly, which merged within its institutional fabric and exerted a strong influence on the debates. Given the volume of transcripts published during the long nineteenth century, the analysis focuses on a significant parliamentary crisis, the Manuel Affair, to serve as a contextual entry point into the topic.

Direito contra direitos? Uma polêmica do Largo de São Francisco na Folha de S. Paulo: reflexões crítico-discursivas

ABSTRACT In this paper I present results of a project that, in the context of critical discourse studies and the interdiscursive analysis of public policies, focused on representations in online journalism regarding public policies aimed at the homeless population. The research project (CAPES 88881.172032/2018-01) was developed at the Pompeu Fabra University, Spain. Considering the main newspaper of the city of São Paulo, in its digital platform, we have compiled a comprehensive corpus of news about homeless situation published in a period of three years. The choice to specifically address data from Folha de S Paulo is justified because it is the city with the largest homeless population in Brazil. Also, because our previous study has shown that this is the vehicle, among those studied, that publishes more news related to territorial issues, our focus of interest to investigate via the discursive categories of metaphor and representation of social actors.

Moskowisation of Consciousness of Western Ukrainian Population by Means of the Party-Soviet Press (Based on the Materials of the Archive of the Chernivtsi Regional Newspaper "Soviet Bukovyna". The 1940s—50s of the ХХ Century)

For the first time, based on archival materials, the subject of the research was the practice of Moskowization of the consciousness of the Ukrainian population of Galicia, Northern Bukovyna, and Transcarpathia using the press by communist-Soviet ideologues after the accession of these regions to Soviet Ukraine. The article is based on the archival documents of the editorial office and the filing of the newspaper "Soviet Bukovyna" in the after-war time.The author's aim is to find out the order of elucidation of life of the workers of Bukovyna established by Moskow’s ideologists, the leading ideological emphasis in propagandistic articles and other publications on the pages of the main newspaper in the region. The system of control over the activities of this newspaper by the regional committee of the party is outlined and the closed press reviews' main emphasis regarding the content is highlighted. Such reviews and decisions, which were made by them, are considered in the article as one of the manifestations of the punitive means for those heads of newspapers and their creative collectives who did not adhere to this system.Regulated by the party order of the coverage on the pages of the local party-soviet press of different spheres of life of the region from the point of view of the ruling communist narratives at that time is described. Their main essence was to form a public opinion on the unanimous local workers' support of the party and the Soviet state and the justification of Stalin’s thesis “living became better, living became more fun”. The introduction of this procedure was carried out by publishing the prepared by party-ideological workers and by teachers of the Department of Marxism-Leninism of local universities propaganda articles. The topics, authorship, and frequency of publication of such publications in the columns of the regional and district press were approved quarterly at meetings of the bureau of the party's regional committees.The analyzed practice of Kremlin ideologists of the 1940s and 1950s to impose their own, completely falsified, version of facts and events on the population is consistent with the realities of the latest Russian-Ukrainian war, especially in the Russian-occupied territories of eastern and southern Ukraine.

Framing the Munich Olympics massacre in the Israeli press

ABSTRACT This article analysed the real-time coverage of the 1972 Munich Olympics massacre by the three main Israeli newspapers at the time: Yediot Ahronot, Maariv and Haaretz. It found that while there were noticeable differences in the coverage of the event by the three papers, all of them framed the massacre as integral part of the black-and-white confrontation between Israel and Arab terrorism. Paradoxically, this ‘us’ vs. ‘them’ dichotomy seems to have played into the perpetrators’ hands by casting them as part of a formidable global terrorist network rather than a small fringe group, on the one hand, and as a significant factor affecting the possible evolution of Arab-Israeli peace negotiations, on the other.

«Central Commission on the integration of Kazakh language into documentation management» and «Enbekshi Kazak»

The article is covers the study of the history of the main newspaper in Kazakh language of the Republic of Kazakhstan – «Egemen Kazakhstan» and the role of this newspaper in covering state policy and the national issue in the period from 1923 to 1926, when the newspaper was called «Enbekshi Kazak» («Labor Kirghiz») and was the main organ of press of the Central Executive Committee of the KASSR on the example of the work of the «Central Commission for the Introduction of Office work in the Kazakh language». There are 3 main reasons for choosing the newspaper «Enbekshi Kazak» («Labor Kirghiz») as a research field: 1) the fact that «Enbekshi Kazak» («Labor Kirghiz») was the first official Kazakh-language State newspaper in Soviet Kazakhstan; 2) In the chronological period within the newspaper’s article (1923-1926) publication in the Kazakh alphabet based on Arabic graphics (this is also due to the fact that the information of periodicals, the value of which is not inferior to archival data, is poorly used by researchers due to the specifics of the graphics); 3)Щon the example of the work «Central Commission for the introduction of office management in the Kazakh language» in the 20-30s of the XX century control over the publication of important state affairs on the pages of periodicals and the formation of historical and factual potential over time. Another highlight of the newspaper is its polemical role. Key words: «Enbekshi kazak» («Labor Kirghiz»), KСЕС, kazakh language, record mangement, national question, mass media.

Coronavirus versus the textile industry: cluster lessons for future challenges

Since the pandemic situation was officially declared, part of society was immersed in searching desperately for solutions to combat it. Textile firms addressed with uneven effectiveness the challenge of creating products that helped medical and civil professionals (e.g., personal protection equipment, masks, sanitary material, etc.). To do this, they had to face supply problems, lockdown, and make a significant innovative effort. This work aims to analyze the strategic response of the companies belonging to the Valencian Textile Cluster (VTC) (Spain) to the coronavirus crisis and the territorial factors that influenced it. We carried out a content analysis of the news in the main newspapers during February–July (2020). Our analysis revealed that, on average, VTC firms responded to the challenge more quickly and effectively than other Spanish textile firms. The most influential location-specific factors were the clustering developed, institutional support, and a deep-rooted tradition in producing technical-home textiles, although we also detected that social media collaborated in the process of transferring value information. The influence of all these factors was more intense in the epicenter of the cluster (Ontinyent). Consequently, our results highlight the cluster effect and offer lessons that can help manage unexpected future events more effectively.

The education policy of the First Democratic Republic of Georgia, published in the Georgian party press of 1918-1921

We present the education policy of the years of the first Republic of Georgia (1918-1921) by observing the main newspapers of the mentioned period ( "Ertoba", "Sakhalkho Sakme", "Sakartvelo", "Sakartvelos Republika"). As you know, the young democratic republic faced many problems. Addressing the issue of nationalization was largely based on a fundamental transformation of the education system. The return of the native language, first of all, required the Georgianization of the educational program, which, in turn, required both material and intellectual resources. Membership of a large European family was associated with the revival of science in Georgia. The issue of Georgia's territorial integrity was also directly related to public education. Accordingly, the education policy of the Sovereign Republic had to be considered in different contexts. Although not a single work has been devoted to the life of Georgia during the years of independence, they are mainly of a historiographical nature. Our research, in particular, focuses on the specifics of the education policy presented in the media, and in-depth research of the issue in this regard is the main task. Based on the theories of media effects, in particular agenda setting and framing, we have outlined the role of the media in leading to a highly contradictory path to education reform. It turned out that the formation of an education system in the Georgian multi-party press was one of the priority issues and different parties pursued a uniform policy on this issue. The media message was as follows: we would connect Europe with the development of science, and we would become a member of the European family only if we were a full-fledged nation. The framework of these messages is defined by the spatial orientation of Georgia - Georgia, not through Russia, but should be directly connected to Europe.

The influence of local and national press on the comic publishing industry in the Polish People’s Republic between 1956 and 1989

ABSTRACT This article analyses the influence of the local and national press on the shape of the Polish comic publishing industry in the Polish People’s Republic (1947–1989). It discusses how the negative attitude of the authorities towards comics gradually changed, leading in the 1970s to the use of this medium both as propaganda and a didactic tool as well as an equivalent of Western popular culture, anchored in the policy of economic stabilisation in Edward Gierek’s era. We describe the main newspaper and magazine series of comics and their authors, examine the national and transnational patterns of visual narration, and show the links between ideology and entertainment. The essential part of our analyses is the political and economic factors that shaped the Polish publishing industry, especially between 1956 and 1989. The article also explores the first political and academic commentaries on comics in communist Poland and indicates the evolution of views on them – from an evil, capitalist medium to a useful (or even fashionable) mode of artistic expression. Finally, our research examines how comic books, their characters and authors from the 1970s and 1980s survived in free and democratic Polish culture. We also investigate some international careers of Polish authors.

Understanding African views of China: analyses of student attitudes and elite media reportage in Kenya

ABSTRACT There are few questions of greater significance in African international relations than China's actions in and engagement with other states. Chinese infrastructure, businesses, and people have blanketed the continent and revolutionized lifestyles, transportation, and political economies. The advantages and detractions of such developments, in turn, have shaped local attitudes. African attitudes towards China, nevertheless, remain largely the subject of conjecture. This article explores the contemporary attitudes of Kenyan university students to China through surveys and contributes empirical data to the literature. Combined with a comparative textual analysis of the main Kenyan newspaper, the article sheds light on largely unknown—but generally assumed—attitudes of Kenyans towards China. The findings question a stereotype of China in Kenya and, by extension, the actions and reactions of other Africans and African states towards it. They also uncover nuanced attitudes that confound the mostly negative Western narrative about China in Africa. Accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as debt, perceived racism and unfair labour practices, Kenyan university students' attitudes and discourse in the elite media have become less positive. There is, in addition, the broad perception that it is Kenya's leadership that benefits from the relationship and not so much its ordinary citizens.

The Day After the First Brazilian Civil Code

The article seeks to understand how the Civil Code of 1916 was received by judicial practice in Rio de Janeiro and by the local press until 1927, covering the first decade of its validity. First, a quantitative research was carried out in order to identify the frequency of mentions of the Code in civil lawsuits in the city of Rio de Janeiro between 1917 and 1927. Next, we conducted a qualitative research, using as source the main newspapers of the time in order to analyse how the press described expectations and criticisms in the application of the new code. The research was structured with the aim of understanding how the Code was applied, criticized and debated in the capital of the county at the time. We found only sparse references to the 1916 Civil Code in Rio de Janeiro’s judicial practice. The analysis of the press coverage returned likewise only a few results, confirming the resistance and reactions of jurists, politicians and the local population to the applicability of the new civil legislation.