Main Motivation Research Articles

Benchmark Investigation of SCC-DFTB against Standard and Hybrid DFT to Model Electronic Properties in Two-Dimensional MOFs for Thermoelectric Applications.

Recent studies have shown that metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have potential as thermoelectric materials, and the topic has received increasing attention. The main motivation for this project is to further our knowledge of thermoelectric properties in MOFs and find which available self-consistent-charge density functional tight binding (SCC-DFTB) method can best predict (at least trends in) the electronic properties of MOFs at a lower computational cost than standard density functional theory (DFT). In this work, the electronic properties of monolayer, serrated, AA-stacked, and/or AB-stacked Zn3C6O6, Cd3C6O6, Zn-NH-MOF─for which no previous calculations of thermoelectric performance exist─and Ni3(HITP)2 MOFs are modeled with DFT-PBE, DFT-HSE06, GFN1-xTB, GFN2-xTB, and DFTB-3ob/mio. The band structures, density of states, and their relative orbital contributions, as well as the electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and power factor, are compared across methods and geometries. Our results suggest that GFN-xTB is adequate to predict the MOFs' band structure shape and density of states but not band gap. Our calculations further indicate that Zn3C6O6, Cd3C6O6, and Zn-NH-MOF have higher power factor values than Ni3(HITP)2, one of the highest performing synthesized MOFs, and are therefore promising for thermoelectric applications.

Influence Debt To Equity Ratio and Current Ratio On Profit Growth Of Building Construction Companies Listed On The Indonesian Stock Exchange In 2020

The main motive of investors in investing capital into one or several companies is to obtain profits (profit/return). Investors can find out whether the company is able to provide the expected benefits or returns by measuring management performance within the company. When investing, investors can measure financial performance through the profits generated by the company. Profit is the company's main source to maintain its survival. Profit growth is a change in the percentage increase in profits obtained by the company. In this research, the leverage ratios used are the Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER) and Current Ratio (CR) on Profit Growth. The sample used in this research used a purposive sampling method, namely the annual financial reports of Building Construction Companies on the BEI in 2020 as many as 12 companies. The results of this research show that the Partial Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) has a negative and significant effect on Profit Growth, while the Current Ratio (CR) has a negative and insignificant effect on Profit Growth. Keywords : Debt to Equity Ratio (THE),Current Ratio (CR), Profit Growth

The Logic of Contingent Actuality

Current orthodoxy in modal logic and metaphysics has it that actuality is non-contingent in the following sense: for all p, if actually, p, then necessarily, actually, p. Call this thesis (Actuality) Necessitism and its negation (Actuality) Contingentism. Thus, according to Contingentism, there is at least one proposition p which is actually true but which could have been actually false. In another paper, one of us (Glazier 2023) has recently defended Contingentism. The present paper explores the logic of actuality under Contingentism. After informally introducing Contingentism and outlining what we take to be the main motivations for accepting it, we consider how contingent actuality should be taken to be. We argue that the nature, or essence, of actuality imposes certain limits on the extent to which actuality could have been different, and these then inform our view of the logic of actuality. Turning to the formal study of the logic of contingent actuality, we specify a formal language and a possible world semantics for that language and distinguish a number of natural notions of validity and consequence to which it gives rise. We present axiomatizations of the different resulting logics and examine the variety of iterated modalities in our systems. We establish soundness and completeness results.

A capabilitarian behavioral economics: what behavioral economics can learn from the capability approach

Behavioral economics (BE) accounts for how people actually behave has proven to be very influential in multiple domains. Its insights have dislodged settled assumptions and put forward an improved understanding of human beings and their agency. Although it challenges the conventional approach, advanced by rational choice theory (RCT), because it also formally builds on it, BE shares some of RCT’s advantages as well as its shortcomings. One the one hand, it shares an important focus on freedom. On the other, it is limited to self-interest as the main motivation for human action. The latter is a limitation since human experience is much richer than that. To complement BE’s limitation, this paper suggests Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach (CA). This framework places humans and their quality of life at the locus of attention for the assessment of social states. To do so, it challenges RCT in a more fundamental way and it provides a richer account of human agency, which includes both self-regarding as well as other-regarding motivations. This combination enriches BE’s realism as well as practicality.

Heat transfer characteristics of horizontal flow boiling with uniform and non-uniform circumferential heat flux

This study assesses effects of the non-uniform circumferential heat flux on horizontal flow boiling of R141b in a stainless-steel tube at ambient system pressure with an inner diameter of 10.92 mm. The main motivation for this are application in Concentrated Solar Power using the Direct Steam Generation process inside horizontal absorber tubes. Experiments were conducted for two mass velocities (50 and 150 kg m−2s−1) and two mean heat fluxes (3.4 and 11.0 kW m−2), with three different heating conditions (uniform, top-concentrated, and bottom-concentrated). The differences in the Onset of Nucleate Boiling between uniform and bottom-concentrated heating are assessed, and the transient behavior of the wall temperatures is investigated. It is found that the heating condition significantly affects the mean heat transfer coefficient in the case of non-annular flow regimes but practically not in annular flow. The circumferential wall temperature gradient is with uniform heating highest for non-annular flow regimes. But with non-uniform heating the circumferential wall temperature gradient is highest for annular flow. The use of empirical correlations for the heat transfer coefficients are evaluated.

The motivations to play organised club-based sport in Australia

ABSTRACT The way individuals want to consume sport during their leisure time has changed dramatically over past decades. In order to meet sport participant consumer needs, it is important to understand their motivations to play and how these may differ between different demographics. The aim of this study was to investigate the motivations to play sport across: age, gender, residential location and the settings, modes and level of participation. An online survey of sport participants asked about age, gender, residential location, type of sports and physical activities participated in, frequency and duration of play, and motivations for playing organised club-based sport. Survey respondents (N = 4,395) were aged between 13–92 years. The Self-Determination Theory, Fun Integration Theory, and relevant sport motivation research were used to develop the motivations for playing organised sport in the survey and the results are described and discussed based on this information. The main motivations were fun/enjoyment, physical health/fitness, performance/competition and social reasons. Motivations differed between demographic groups and across the lifespan. Sport policy makers and managers should focus on developing flexible and inclusive sporting opportunities that centre, on friendship, fun and skill development, and those diverse intrinsic motivations that better align with participants’ desires to play sport.

Abstract PO5-11-06: Initial Results from a Cohort Study on the Impact of Breast Cancer on Employment in Mexican Patients

Abstract BACKGROUND As breast cancer (BC) survival has increased, care must focus beyond the traditional role of curing a disease and provide further attention to patients’ quality of life. In Mexico, women represent an important part of the labor force; and the impact of BC diagnosis and treatment on patients’ employment status has not been thoroughly evaluated. This study shows the initial results of a nation-wide effort to understand the changes in the employment status of Mexican BC patients after their initial treatment. METHODS An online survey was created and distributed in June 2023 through the social media networks of Médicos e Investigadores en la Lucha Contra el Cáncer, a BC NGO. BC patients who had initiated treatment and lived in Mexico were invited to participate. The survey consisted of multiple-choice questions and the opportunity to explain certain responses. Results were analyzed using REDCap, Excel and SPSS. RESULTS 67 patients completed the survey and were employed: 51% had a full-time job, 33% were self-employed, and 16% had a part-time job. Their average age was 50 years (25-68). Only 43% reported having medical insurance from their jobs; of these, 83% included cancer treatment. Most participants (39, 58%) reported having support from their bosses and co-workers at the moment of diagnosis, 13 (19%) did not disclose their diagnosis in their workplace, 10 (15%) perceived an indifferent attitude, and 5 (7%) reported lack of support. Table 1 describes the changes in work status during their initial part of treatment (including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation). After their treatment ended, from the 67 who were initially employed, 34 (51%) patients became unemployed, 26 (39%) were employed, and 7 (10%) were employed with temporary disability. Of the 26 employed patients, 12 (46%) had a full-time job, 7 (27%) had a part-time job and 5 (19%) were self-employed. Of those who were unemployed, 14 (41%) were actively looking for a job. Of the 26 employed participants, 17 (65%) worked at the same place they did before BC diagnosis, 6 (23%) worked at a different place, and 1 (4%) had a second job. Reintegration for most patients was gradual (15, 58%) or immediate (7, 27%). The majority (18, 69.2%) felt supported by their workplace during reintegration. Of note, 11 (42%) patients described having to decrease their work hours/load. When asked about their disease as an obstacle in their work, 8 (31%) patients had to slow down their job rhythm, 8 (31%) had to endure symptoms while working, 6 (23%) had no impediments, and 2 (8%) could only do partial work. Most patients (21, 81%) reported having permits to attend medical consultations or receive treatment, and 9 (35%) mentioned having salary discounts due to their medical appointments. The main motivations to return to work were economic need (11, 42%), returning to “normal life” (10, 39%) and personal growth (3, 12%). Of the 67 patients that were employed before their BC diagnosis, 44 (66%) considered their current health status as an obstacle for their reintegration into the workforce. Moreover, 25 (37%) considered not having any limitations, but 20 (30%) and 14 (21%) reported physical and psychological limitations, respectively, as impediments to their successful reintegration. CONCLUSION BC can represent an obstacle when returning to “normalcy”, given the psychological and physical burden that the diagnosis and its treatment entail. In this study, half of the participants became unemployed upon finishing their BC treatment. This study represents the first necessary step to design strategies that favor the continuation and successful laboral reintegration of BC patients who wish to do so. Table 1: Change of work status during BC treatment BC: Breast Cancer Citation Format: Arantxa Ramirez-Cisneros, David G Gonzalez-Sanchez, Daniela Vazquez-Juarez, Alejandra Platas, Alejandra Platas, Fernanda Mesa-Chavez, Giovanni M. Carrillo, Cynthia Villarreal-Garza. Initial Results from a Cohort Study on the Impact of Breast Cancer on Employment in Mexican Patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO5-11-06.

“CUSTOMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS DIGITAL TRANSACTION’’

This study explores the aspects that impact customers' perspectives and actions about internet purchases in this dynamic economy. From a comprehensive literature review, this research synthesises crucial themes such as user experience, trust, perceived risk, convenience, socio-demographic factors, regulatory environment, cultural effects, and future developments. Results show that efficiency and convenience, rather than worries about security, are the main motivators for people to use digital transactions. Trust appears to be a crucial component as well, and it is heavily influenced by user experience and the reputation of service providers. Consumer attitudes are made more complicated by a number of socio-demographic criteria, including age, income, and digital literacy. Elements such as social shifts away from cash-based economies, technological advancements, legal frameworks, and cultural norms all have a role. Legislators and practitioners alike can utilize the study's findings to better understand how to increase the reliability, security, and adoption of digital transactions. Digital transactions are characterized by a myriad of ideas and phrases, such as user experience, ease, security, trust, demography, innovation, regulatory environment, cultural effects, and future trends. Keywords:-Digital, Transactin, Customer , Perception

UK practitioners' motivations and experiences of farm animal internship programmes

Background: Recruitment and retention of practicing farm animal veterinary surgeons is of growing importance in the UK. Farm animal internships are one route for early career veterinarians to pursue, and can be offered by both universities and corporate practices. Aims: This survey established the motivations, experiences and drivers for farm animal veterinary surgeons undertaking internships. Methods: An online questionnaire consisting of 14 questions of both free text and multiple-choice questions was used to evaluate the opinions of veterinarians who have undertaken farm animal internships in the UK. Findings: The main motivation for carrying out an internship was the desire for support, which was stated by 63.3% of participants. Interns who received weekly or fortnightly contact with a mentor were significantly more likely to regard this as sufficient (P<0.05) compared to interns whose support was less frequent. Conclusions: The results of this questionnaire suggest that internship programmes are well received by those undertaking them.

Sacrifices on the Altar of Science: The Case of Model Organisms

This research traces and examines specific examples of the application of model organisms during the experimentation of biomedical sciences and psychology. The main purpose of the study is to compare how scientists utilize animal models for experiments with specific cases of humans who were used as test subjects, focusing on methodologies and main motivations. A core question that motivated this work is: Can we use the term ‘‘model organisms’’ to refer to human beings? In other words, can human beings be considered analogue models, specifically model organisms? This study will try to respond to the above question, by drawing upon theoretical frameworks and definitions from the field of philosophy of science, particularly focusing on the concepts of the analogue model, model organisms, and animal model. It will also analyze specific examples of experimental utilization of animal models, such as Hippocratic physicians’ experiments involving goat brains, Galen's experiments on a pig during the Greco-Roman period, and the utilization of guinea pigs in modern scientific research. Finally, the study will examine historical examples where humans were used as test subjects including the Nazi medical experiments during World War II and the Stanford prison experiment conducted by psychology professor Philip G. Zimbardo.

DIVERSIFICATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION: MAIN MOTIVES AND GOALS

In today's global business environment, diversification of business processes is becoming a strategic necessity for Ukrainian enterprises, as it allows them to adapt to new conditions and challenges that accompany integration into the European economic area. Highlighting the motivations and goals of business process diversification is especially relevant in connection with the war in the country and martial law. The study is aimed at identifying the main motives and goals of diversification of business processes of Ukrainian enterprises in the context of European integration. In the course of the analysis, various methods were used, such as analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction, analogy and systematic approach, to study the main motives and goals of business process diversification

On the generalization of Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for [formula omitted]-convex function via fractional integrals

The main motivation in this article is to prove new integral identities and related results. In this paper, we deal with E`-convex function, Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities, and Katugampola fractional integrals. Firstly, we established the Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for E`-convex function via Katugampola fractional integrals operators. After that we obtain several new identities and give new results of Holder's inequality, Jensen's integral inequality, Young's inequality, and Power mean inequality for E`-convex function by using Katugampola fractional integral operators. We make connections of our results with various results recognized in the literature.

Bangladesh and New Development Bank (NDB): Accession and after, money and more

AbstractThis article examines Bangladesh's new membership in the BRICS‐led New Development Bank (NDB), as the Bangladesh country study for the Special Section on ‘The Evolution of New Development Bank: A Decade Plus in the Making’, in Global Policy journal. In September 2021, Bangladesh became the first country outside of the original BRICS founding members to join NDB. The analysis details how Bangladesh went about joining NDB, especially the geopolitics and diplomacy between Bangladesh and the key NDB founding members (India, China, Russia) which supported Bangladesh's entry; why Bangladesh joined NDB, the main motivations or interests; and how NDB membership is turning out for Bangladesh after acceding to the Bank, what are Bangladesh and the Bank actually doing together, are they realizing the main opportunities as intended, or are outcomes not as intended. Throughout the analysis, we assess how Bangladesh's membership in NDB compares to its multi‐decade memberships in the World Bank, Asian Development Bank (ADB), Islamic Development, and its newer relations with the other new China‐supported multilateral bank, Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). This study combines primary data gathered from field research, primary desk research, and cross‐verification with the related data, and secondary sources.

Motives of gifted high school students for pursuing a teaching degree at university

Introduction. The problem of professional choice is one of the most pressing for any high school student. Gifted children are no exception. At the same time, the choice of a professional path is based on very different motives, which affects the success of professional self-determination and further career self-actualization. The choice of teacher’s training by gifted high school students is also made for various reasons. The purpose of the article is to identify the motives of gifted high school students for pursuing a teaching degree at university. Materials and methods. The participants in the study were 97 gifted students (51 students in 2022 and 46 students in 2023) who entered pedagogical courses at Kostroma State University. Methods: “Career Anchors” technique by E. Shein (translation and adaptation by V.A. Chiker, V.E. Vinokurova) “Methodology for diagnosing socio-psychological attitudes of the individual in the motivational-need sphere” by O.F. Potemkina; questionnaire by I.N. Grushetskaya, S.M. Nemchenko. Results. The study data showed that about a third of respondents took into account the opinions of their parents when making professional choices. The participants understand the essence of their profession, and, based on this understanding, they are satisfied with their choice (the percentage of gifted students who regret their choice is 2% in 2022; 4.3% in 2023). More than a half of the freshmen who entered the teacher’s training courses, starting from their first year, think about their professional future and the steps necessary to build a career. The students surveyed strive for independence, the opportunity to work independently and to implement their values and ideals into work to achieve socially important goals; they value a balance between career, family, personal interests and other aspects of life. The study showed that respondents often focus on external motivational factors of their professional choice, despite the “helping nature” of the chosen areas of training. According to the results of our study, the main motives for choosing a profession were an interest in this profession and correspondence of the profession with skills and abilities. Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the need for systematic work with all categories of applicants, especially with gifted high school students, who often make their professional choice spontaneously, not consciously, relying on past achievements in various types of activities, focusing on the opinions of parents and teachers.

Sesame: A power spectrum emulator pipeline for beyond-ΛCDM models

The mysterious nature of the dark sector of the Λ-cold-dark-matter (ΛCDM) model is one of the main motivators behind the study of alternative cosmological models. A central quantity of interest for these models is the matter power spectrum, which quantifies structure formation on various scales and can be cross-validated through theory, simulations, and observations. Here, we present a tool that can be used to create emulators for the non-linear matter power spectrum, and similar global clustering statistics, for models beyond ΛCDM with very little computation effort and without the need for supercomputers. We use fast approximate N-body simulations to emulate the boost, B(k, z) = Pbeyond − ΛCDM(k, z)/PΛCDM(k, z), and then rely on existing high-quality emulators made for ΛCDM to isolate Pbeyond − ΛCDM(k, z). Since both the ΛCDM and beyond-ΛCDM models are simulated in our approach, some of the lack of power on small scales due to the low force-resolution in the simulations is factored out, allowing us to extend the emulator to k ∼ 3 − 5 h Mpc−1 and still maintain good accuracy. In addition, errors from the simulation and emulation process can easily be estimated and factored into the covariance when using the emulator on data. As an example of using the pipeline, we create an emulator for the well-studied f(R) model with massive neutrinos, using approximately 3000 CPU hours of computation time. Provided with the paper is a fully functioning pipeline that generates parameter samples, runs a Boltzmann solver to produce initial conditions, runs the simulations, and then gathers all the data and runs it through a machine learning module to develop the emulator. This tool, named Sesame, can be used by anyone to generate a power spectrum emulator for the cosmological model of their choice.

Complexity of Supersymmetric Systems and the Cohomology Problem

We consider the complexity of the local Hamiltonian problem in the context of fermionic Hamiltonians with N=2 supersymmetry and show that the problem remains QMA-complete. Our main motivation for studying this is the well-known fact that the ground state energy of a supersymmetric system is exactly zero if and only if a certain cohomology group is nontrivial. This opens the door to bringing the tools of Hamiltonian complexity to study the computational complexity of a large number of algorithmic problems that arise in homological algebra, including problems in algebraic topology, algebraic geometry, and group theory. We take the first steps in this direction by introducing the k-local Cohomology problem and showing that it is QMA1-hard and, for a large class of instances, is contained in QMA. We then consider the complexity of estimating normalized Betti numbers and show that this problem is hard for the quantum complexity class DQC1, and for a large class of instances is contained in BQP. In light of these results, we argue that it is natural to frame many of these homological problems in terms of finding ground states of supersymmetric fermionic systems. As an illustration of this perspective we discuss in some detail the model of Fendley, Schoutens, and de Boer consisting of hard-core fermions on a graph, whose ground state structure encodes l-dimensional holes in the independence complex of the graph. This offers a new perspective on existing quantum algorithms for topological data analysis and suggests new ones.

A Study of Modal Salient Beliefs in The Behavior of Using Dialect Stickers

This study aims to explore the behavioral intrinsic factors of post-95 youth (Generation Z) in using dialect stickers on social platforms. The qualitative research method of semi-structured interviews based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) summarizes the modal salient beliefs of the behavior of using dialect stickers and analyzes the main motivations of users' behavior of using dialect stickers. The findings suggest that post-95 youth (Generation Z) have a positive attitude toward dialect sticker use, driven mainly by the factors of pleasantness and bringing people closer together. Although the advantages of dialect stickers were generally recognized as outweighing the disadvantages, cross-dialect communication barriers remained a major factor in generating negative emotions. Older generations are less receptive to dialect stickers, while the attitudes and behaviors of fellow villagers as well as friends have a significant impact on the use of dialect stickers. The study concluded that the behavioral influences on dialect sticker use need to be further measured and assessed, and the present study provides information on the beliefs of the measurement questionnaire, which provides a valuable reference for dialect sticker design.

عالم ما وراء الطبيعة في الأدب الإنجليزي والأمريكي: دراسة مقارنة

Supernatural fiction invites the reader to a world of mystery and imagination raising questions and sometimes doubts about the reality of this world. As it tempts the reader to explore the “unknown”, it tends to emphasize the possibility of the existence of vague worlds and issues beyond human mind and science. However, this possibility remains a hypothesis because it is always accompanied by a feeling of “uncertainty” which raises our doubts and made us skeptic about the existence and reality of this world. The same supernatural literary works tackle social, religious, and scientific issues as well as posing questions about its reliability which is another form of skepticism. This research argues that Skepticism is not far from the Gothic literary works, it presents various cases of “skepticism” in different supernatural literary works: The Rime of the ancient Mariner (1798), Frankenstein (1818), Young Goodman Brown (1835), The Fall of the House of Usher (1839). Each case of skepticism differs from the other in its form, the circumstances that created it, the purpose behind using it, and the conclusion it ends in. So, analyzing “Skepticism” its existence, different forms and contexts, and connection to Gothic fiction is the main motive of this research.

How management information systems might add value to the decision-making process in organizations

The management information systems are a fundamental issue of the decision-making process in any organization. So, the main motivation for this study was to understand how management information systems might or might not add value to the decision-making process within organizations. To carry out this study, authors have mainly focused on key concepts such as “Management Information System (MIS)” and “decision-making process” through an extensive review of bibliography and papers seeking to delimitate the state of art regarding the identification of their theoretical frameworks. The literature review confirmed that the main mechanism in which management information systems might add value to the decision-making process goes beyond the process itself, helping organizations to make better decisions based on data not on guesses. Another conclusion is that, while strengthening and improving the managers’ decisions, it facilitates and improves communication and collaboration. They seem to play a crucial role in enhancing the decision-making process having impact in the organizations’ performance at all levels. Finally, for suggestions of future studies, researchers should analyze more deeply the effectiveness of the three performance indicators for measuring such contributions of MIS to the decision-making process: speed, precision, and complexity.

Offshore Energy Development in Poland—Social and Economic Dimensions

The development of green technology in the world is progressing extremely rapidly. New possibilities for obtaining energy from renewable sources are constantly being sought and existing solutions are being improved. The multifaceted potential of the seas and oceans is an important aspect being taken into account in the development of the energy systems of a number of economies. One dimension of action in this area is the orientation towards offshore wind energy and the construction of offshore wind farms for this purpose. The purpose of this article is to analyse the importance of offshore wind farms in Poland’s energy system and to assess public perception of the changes taking place in this dimension. The article is based on research and critical analysis of the available literature, legal regulations and industry reports, as well as on the results of our own surveys, the scientific findings of which were developed with the application of statistical instruments using PQstat software, ensuring the expected quality of results. The findings of the article indicate the significant importance of offshore wind farms in the creation of Poland’s energy mix, with differing public attitudes towards their construction. Furthermore, the results of the research indicate a differentiated attitude of society towards the construction of offshore wind farms. The main motivation for majority support of the measure in question are economic reasons, which are connected with the expectation of a real price reduction per 1 kW of energy, as well as increased attractiveness of the region due to investments in this area. The main concern with the measure relates to environmental aspects, with concerns about the functioning of ecosystems in light of the construction and subsequent operation of wind farms. Negative public opinion is also signalled in relation to the potential risk of landscape change in a direction that is undesirable for the studied developed coastal tourist region in Poland.