Main Concept Research Articles

Transfer Learning with ResNet3D-101 for Global Prediction of High Aerosol Concentrations

In order to better predict the high aerosol concentrations associated with air pollution and climate change, a machine learning model was developed using transfer learning and the segmentation process of global satellite images. The main concept of transfer learning lies on convolutional neural networks and works by initializing the already trained model weights to better adapt the weights when the network is trained on a different dataset. The transfer learning technique was tested with the ResNet3D-101 model pre-trained from a 2D ImageNet dataset. This model has performed well for contrail detection to assess climate impact. Aerosol distributions can be monitored via satellite remote sensing. Satellites can monitor some aerosol optical properties like aerosol optical thickness. Aerosol optical thickness snapshots were the input dataset for the model and were obtained from NASA’s Terra-Modis satellite; the output images were segmented by comparing the pixel values with a threshold value of 0.8 for aerosol optical thickness. Hyperparameter optimization finds a tuple of hyperparameters that yields an optimal model that minimizes a predefined loss function on given independent data. The model structure was adjusted in order to improve the performance of the model by applying methods and hyperparameter optimization techniques such as grid search, batch size, threshold, and input length. According to the criteria defined by the authors, the distance domain criterion and time domain criterion, the developed model is capable of generating adequate data and finding patterns in the time domain. As observed from the comparison of relative coefficients for the criteria metrics proposed by the authors, ddc and dtc, the deep learning model based on ConvLSTM layers developed in our previous studies has better performance than the model developed in this study with transfer learning.

The factors involved in surgical decision-making in younger women diagnosed with breast cancer in Aotearoa New Zealand: A qualitative analysis.

Women diagnosed with breast cancer must make important surgical decisions. The decision-making process for younger women is complex, with this group more likely to have an advanced diagnosis and life-stage considerations that can impact on treatment. This study investigated the decision-making process of women aged <50 years who had undergone breast cancer surgery within the preceding 12 months in Aotearoa New Zealand. Twelve women participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews to explore the factors that influenced treatment decisions. Thematic analysis resulted in three themes. Fear was the main concept identified as the primary influence on initial decision-making. Good quality shared decision-making between patient and clinician was found to provide essential support during the diagnosis to treatment period. In addition, women expressed a need for multi-modal presentation of medical information and more material reflecting younger women. These findings inform provision for younger women making surgical decisions when diagnosed with breast cancer.

Regulation of Underground Space in Realising Community Welfare and Legal Certainty for Investment

The purpose of this research is to analyze and discover the regulation of underground space in realizing public welfare and legal certainty for investment and offer future concepts of underground space regulation in realizing public welfare and legal certainty for investment. This research is normative juridical research with statutory, historical, comparative, and conceptual approaches. The findings of this research show: (a) it has not been regulated regarding property rights, utilization of underground space for private and public, the authority of the central and local governments as well as the authority of notaries and/or PPAT, institutions, and the implementation of underground space. (b) has been regulated but the norms are unclear and not yet comprehensive regarding rights to underground space in the form of Right of Use, HPL and HGB. (c) there are still norms that regulate optional in the regulation of underground space; (d) there are conflicts of legal norms between sector laws. This research concludes that the current underground space regulation is inadequate to support welfare and legal certainty for investment, because there is no support from the Underground Space Law as an instrument of renewal. In addition, the main concept of the Draft Basement Law for the future is directed at public welfare and legal certainty for investment. The draft builds on the philosophical foundation of the welfare state the sociological foundation of the need for underground space utilization, the recognition of rights to underground space, and the juridical foundation of legal certainty.

Untravelling the Complexities of Marriage: Fantasy and Reality in Olga Grushin's the Charmed Wife

Literature is the expression of life in words of truth and beauty. It is an art form that can include works in various non-fiction genres such as biographies, diaries, memoirs, letters and essays. Diasporic literature often delves into the complexities of identity formation in a new cultural context. Fantasy literature is set in an imaginary world that often but not always includes real-world places, events and characters. The fantasy reveals the difference between reality and imagination. Olga Grushin is a Russian-American novelist born in Moscow to the family of Boris Grushin a prominent Soviet sociologist. The Charmed Wife explores feminism, love, family along self-identification. Cinderella is the protagonist of the tale. She is referred to as Jane in the fantasy tale and experiences challenges in her life. The writer addresses the reader and highlights the difference between imagination and reality in her writing. It portrays the pain of the woman particularly after her marriage. The main concept that you can learn from this story is that living in an imaginary world will not make your life smoother. This paper focuses on Jane’s pain and suffering of the women character who has decided to save their own life.

A Hybrid Heavy Duty Diesel Power System for Off-Road Applications—Concept Validation

Abstract A multiyear power system R&amp;D program was completed with the objective of developing an off-road hybrid heavy duty diesel engine with front end accessory drive-integrated energy storage. This system was validated to deliver 10.5–25.6% reduction in fuel consumption over current Tier 4 Final-based 18L diesel engines, over various off-road machine application cycles. The power system consisted of a downsized heavy-duty diesel 13L engine containing advanced combustion technologies, capable of elevated peak cylinder pressures and thermal efficiencies, thermal barrier coatings, exhaust waste heat recovery via SuperTurbo™ turbocompounding, and hybrid energy assisting and recovery through both mechanical and electrical systems. Following the concept definition, design, and analysis phases of the program, the final phase focused on building and validating the performance and efficiency in laboratory tests. While aspects of the system such as start/stop and reduced off-road cooling package energy losses were only analytically evaluated, the main 13L concept engine with full hybrid system was successfully built and tested in steady-state and in transient certification and real-world application cycles. Extensive simulations in Caterpillar's DYNASTY™ software environment utilized the validation test data to assess performance more fully and confidently over varied cycles and strategies. An average fuel consumption reduction of 17.9% was realized, and the majority (∼13%) of the benefit stemmed from the core concept 13L engine. To conclude, a total cost of ownership analysis provides context to commercial viability and where adoption focus should be placed.

LiDAR point clouds analysis computer tools for teaching autonomous vehicles perception algorithms

AbstractThe technological developments behind autonomous vehicles cover several areas and engineers training in this field represents a challenge. The main layers include perception, decision making, and acting. In the first one, different technologies can be used. The processing of the information provided by the sensors must allow successive modules to understand the environment and Laser imaging Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology is one of the most promising ones nowadays for this task. It offers great robustness in detection, but the extraction of information from the point cloud involves the development of complex algorithms that could be very time‐consuming if an experimental teaching is intended. This article presents two educational solutions for deepening in perception algorithms using LiDAR for autonomous driving: a closed ad‐hoc computer application for two‐dimensional (2D) LiDAR point cloud processing and an oriented set of commands for three‐dimensional (3D) LiDARs in Matlab. Their use allows main concept exploration in practical sessions with little time consumption and provides students a general overview of the tasks that must be performed by the perception layer in the autonomous vehicles. Furthermore, these tools provide the possibility of organizing different activities in the classroom related to theoretical and experimental issues, and understanding of results because the most tedious tasks are eased.

Curiosity Cartography: Way Finding System Design

This paper analyzes the background concept of Hong Kong M+ Museum, extracts the word "connection" as the main concept of the new way finding system, analyzes the shortcomings of the current way finding system, optimizes and innovates the current way finding system, and adds a Child-friendly design to prevent children from getting lost. Strengthen the location of the service desk and the easy-to-remember areas in the museum to help visitors establish a sense of space.

Application of Health Belief Model (HBM) With Sexual Behavior in Bandar Lor Mojoroto District Kediri 2022

Health belief model is a model used to describe an individual's belief in healthy living behavior, so that the individual will carry out health behavior in the form of preventive behavior. This health belief model is often used to predict preventive health behavior. The health belief model is used to predict various health-related behaviors. The main concept of the Health belief model is healthy behavior determined by individuals in Bandar Lor Village, Mojoroto District, Kediri City.This type of research is analytical observational with a cross sectional approach with a sample size of 54 respondents, taken using the Porposive Sampling technique. The data analysis used was univariate, bivariate, univariate analysis and the Chi Square test. The results of this research show that the statistical test results of Perceived Susceptibility (p=0.306), Perceived Severity (p=0.503), Perceived Benefit of Action (p=0.301), Cues to Action (p=0.209) have no relationship with sexual behavior. Meanwhile, Self Efficacy (p=0.003) has a relationship with sexual behavior. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the perception related to sexual behavior is Self Efficacy. So it is hoped that teenagers can learn and increase their insight into the impact of sexual behavior so that they can avoid negative sexual behavior.

Analisis Penerapan Konsep Desain Arsitektur Tropis pada Hotel Alila Seminyak, Bali

Title: Implementation’s Analysis of Tropical Architectural Design Concepts at Alila Seminyak Hotel, Bali Tropical architecture is born from efforts to adjust to the climate in the tropics. Tropical architectural design always shows the form of adaptation of buildings to the environment. Traditional Balinese houses that function as community residential units are one of the tropical architectural typologies with the main advantage of thermal comfort, especially on air circulation flow that flows well throughout the building. However, when reviewing further commercial buildings in Bali, especially star hotels, the implementation of tropical architecture is a theme that requires deep design thinking. Adjustment to Balinese regional regulations on buildings is very binding; limited sites and demands for comfort and suitability of building functions are challenging for architects to design an accommodation building with a tropical architectural concept. Alila Seminyak Hotel is one of the five-star hotels outside the ITDC Nusa Dua area, which tries to form a tropical architectural identity as the main attraction. This qualitative descriptive research takes the case study of Alila Seminyak Hotel. Assessment analysis was carried out on the physical form of the hotel building, which was then appropriated and compared with tropical architectural theory. The results of this study show that the implementation of tropical architecture in the Alila Seminyak hotel building can be classified into several main elements, namely, first is the form of laying the building period on-site, second is the orientation pattern of the building, and third is The physical design of the building emphasizes, that this building have three main concept designs, it is namely insulation, shading, and cross ventilation.

Exploration of students’ scientific literacy in work and energy through STEM-based 7E learning cycle with formative assessment

21st century education requires students to have scientific literacy competencies to overcome problems in society in the globalization era. The low scientific literacy is closely related to students’ difficulties in work and energy topic. Solution is needed to improve scientific literacy by designing appropriate learning model. This study has a purpose to analyze students’ scientific literacy on work and energy through STEM-based 7E learning cycle with formative assessment. This study used embedded experimental mixed method design. The subjects were 27 of tenth grade students of Laboratory UM high school, Indonesia. Data were collected using essays of scientific literacy test with 0.657 reliability and interviews. Data were analyzed quantitatively using paired sample t-test, N-gain, and d-effect size. While the qualitative using data collection procedures, data reduction, coding, presentation, and building a conclusion. The results indicated STEM-based 7E learning cycle with formative assessment was able to increase significantly students’ scientific literacy in medium category. The results showed that majority of students at Conceptual Level which students are able to answer related with the main concept of kinetic and potential energy but but did not go beyond the concepts of scientific discipline. However, students have difficulties on indicator of creating and evaluating the experiments. For future studies, 9E Learning Cycle or aspects of ‘Art’ could be added in STEM to gain even higher students’ scientific literacy.

THE DESCRIPTION OF THE CONCEPT"SOCIAL-INFORMATION COMPETENCE"

Today, the concept of “socio-informational competence” is actively used in the use of language. According to the description, this type of competence represents a person’s ability to correctly relate to information transmitted on social networks, to be able to separate it according to the principle: whether this or that information is needed or not needed, important or not important. Effective mastery of this competency helps prevent a person from wasting time on social networks. The article reveals the lexical, psychological and pedagogical meaning of the concept of “social and informational competence”. The lexical content of the main concept is explained on the basis of its characteristic descriptions.

영혼의 그리스도론적 특성에 대한 종말론적 고찰

Human beings are not absolute beings that can enable themselves, but sort of accidental beings that airse from inevitable beings. Humans cannot find of themselves the reasons for their existence. The Bible teaches that humans are God’s creatures and ‘the image of God’ (Imago Dei) (cf. Gn 1:26-27). The first characteristics of human beings created in the image of God is that they are born with the spiritual and mental abilities which make them distinct and distinguished from the other creatures. Made of clay, humans are finite and limited, but as the breath (=spirit) of God is breathed into them, they can surpass themselves despite their limit. It is the teachings of the Bible as well as the Church that human beings are the union of the soul and the body, but the function and role of body and soul are not the same. Traditionally, the Catholic Church teaches that ‘the soul is the form of the body.’ Therefore, although humans are the whole unity of soul and body, the former is relatively regarded as more essential and unique.&#x0D; In this paper topics related with the immortality of the soul will be dealt with. It will be examined if the soul is immortal, and if so, how that is possible. Especially, this issue will be approached in terms of the relationship with Jesus Christ, who takes the second hypostasis of the Trinity. In this paper, the claim that immortality of the soul is impossible will be examined along with the opposite assertion that it is possible. Next, if the immortality of the human soul is considered possible, discussed will be the intermediate stage which is assumed to exist after the death of an individual, as well as a purgatory, which can be said to be a form of the intermediate state. The most important starting point that will lead and comprise the related topics is Christology. Therefore, this paper will be focused on developing various topics related with eschatology from the perspective of Christology. It is the teachings of the Bible and the Catholic Church that Christology should be the starting point, main concept and conclusion of all the Christian theology and faith. Hence, topics of the immortality of the soul and eschatological subjects thereof will be examined through christological contemplation.

The Impact of the Butterfly Effect Concept on Jorie Graham's Selected Poems

The butterfly effect states that the flapping of a butterfly's wings in Brazil causes a hurricane in Texas. It is the main concept of chaos theory that is developed by the American meteorologist Edward Lorenz. Besides, it is a term used to explain the high sensitivity of nonlinear dynamical systems to their initial conditions. The study applies the concept of the butterfly effect to the poems of the American poet Jorie Graham. It analyses two collections of her poems, Erosion and The End of Beauty, where the main purpose is to prove that every minor change in a chaotic poem, whether in the external form or in the content, leads the reader to order in one way or another. In other words, from the middle of the chaotic poem emerges a small part that restores order to the whole poem. The poet’s seemingly disordered techniques employed in her poems are strategically used to create the sense of order in the middle of chaos.

Sustainable Tourism from Architectural Perspective: A Literature Review

This article discusses the main concept of sustainable tourism to comprehend the terminology on definition, aspects, and main concept. Furthermore, the discussion continues how architecture plays an important part in achieving the sustainability of tourist attraction areas, and the practical ways that have been done from an architectural perspective. The discussion on the architecture subject is divided into 2 parts: the heritage buildings and new buildings, and how the architectural decision in those areas plays a part in supporting sustainable tourism. In heritage building tourism, it is important to ensure the building is in good condition physically and functional. Adaptive reuse is mainly being used to revitalize heritage buildings. In new buildings, several ways can be done to support sustainability in tourism and it's usually by designing an environmentally low negative impact building's design. If these strategies are applied in building design, it is possible to develop a tourism area that emphasizes the concept of sustainability.

Resilience and the shift of paradigm in ecology: a new name for an old concept or a different explanatory tool?

In the shift from the balance of nature to the flux of nature paradigm, the concept of resilience has gained great traction in ecology. While it has been suggested that the concept of resilience does not imply a genuine departure from the balance of nature paradigm, I shall argue against this stance. To do so, I first show that the balance of nature paradigm and the related conception of a single-state equilibrium relies on what Eliot Sober has named the "Natural State Model (NSM)", suggesting that the NSM has instead been dismissed in the flux of nature paradigm. I then focus on resilience as the main explanatory concept of the flux paradigm. After distinguishing between two main different understandings of "resilience", namely engineering resilience and ecological resilience, I argue that the former is close to the concept of balance or stabilityand still part of the NSM, while the latter is not. Finally, I claim that ecological resilience is inconsistent with the NSM, concluding that this concept-being incompatible with the NSM-is not part of the balance of nature paradigm but rather a genuinely new explanatory tool.

Integrated institutional care based on comprehensive assessment – a case study of Yanda Long-term Care Centre in China

Introduction: Long-term elderly care institutions in China usually solely provide care for daily living to the residents. In response to the multiple needs of the elderly and the policies of integrating health and care by the government, some elderly care institutions started exploring new care models.Yanda Long-term Care Centre is a private institution with more than 5000 beds participating in the interRAI initiative in China. Partnering with a built-in community health care center, it explored integrated institutional care based on interRAI assessment.&#x0D; Practice change implemented: The Centre has established a service model of ""integrated multidisciplinary care based on comprehensive assessment"" to provide integrated health and social care for the elderly. The main concept of the model is to provide comprehensive and effective care through care management and multi-professional teamwork. This care model started its official operation in 2010 and the development is ongoing.&#x0D; Targeted population and stakeholders:The targeted population is all residents in the center especially those with disability or other chronic conditions. Key stakeholders include the management team of the facility, the case managers, the multi-disciplinary care team, the interRAI company in China and the residents’ families. &#x0D; Highlights&#x0D; &#x0D; Yanda Long-term Care Centre adopted a three-tier assessment model. A basic ADL assessment was conducted as initial screening, with disabled residents entering into the next comprehensive assessment which used Long Term Care Facility Assessment Scale (InterRAI-LTCF) as the tool. Specialist assessment scales measuring functional, cognitive, nutritional, spiritual and other dimensions will be employed for specific conditions, such as mini nutritional assessment (MNA), Braden scale for predicting pressure score risk etc.&#x0D; The case managers are responsible for assessing the needs of the elderly and the quality of long-term care services, developing and guiding the implementation of integrated long-term care plans, integrating care resources.&#x0D; Multi-disciplinary care team supported by the built-in community health center，include physician, nurse, therapist, nutritionist, pharmacist, physical and occupational therapist , social worker and so on. They provide comprehensive services, including medical, nursing and rehabilitation services, health management upon needed.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Comments on sustainability and transfer-ability: The service model could be sustainable if the current management team of the facility remains stable. The service procedures, assessment methods, case management and multidisciplinary team formation based on the built-in health care center all provide valuable experiences for other elderly care facilities to learn and practice in China.&#x0D; Discussion: Despite progress made, there are still some barriers, including the lack of training systems for professional assessors, underdevelopment of the insurance system for integrated long-term care services.&#x0D; Conclusion: The model develops individualised service plans based on comprehensive assessment and establishes a case management system, providing integrated interventions and services to high-needs residents. It reduces the incidence of risk, improves residents’ quality of life and acquires high satisfaction from both residents and their families. Attention should be given to a more standardised implementation pathway for comprehensive assessment, cultivation of professional talents and further development of financing and payment systems for integrated long-term care services.&#x0D; &#x0D;

"KONSTITUTSIONALIZMNING PAYDO BO‘LISHI VA UNING RIVOJLANISH ASOSLARI "

"In this article, the classic theories and classical concepts of constitutionalism, as well as the characteristics and practice of constitutional government in the whole world, are considered from a scientific theoretical point of view. Also, the role of constitutionalism in the historical process of the countries of the world up to the stage of achieving democratic freedoms and the fact that it was the basic concept in the organization of state power are studied. In today’s globalized world, we can understand that constitutionalism is the foundation and basis of any developed country from the point of view of the organization of the state and law. It is revealed that constitutionalism played an extremely important role in the gradual development of humanity and in the emergence of basic human rights and freedoms based on the basic concepts and approaches of ancient philosophers. The traditions of constitutionalism in the creation of the state and law, which is one of the most urgent problems of today, and its organization and main concept in this process, are based on deep thoughts and scientific considerations. When familiarizing myself with the article, the proportion of constitutionalism and similar theories created by the human mind in the transition to the democratic society it dreamed of from the beginning of humanity to the present day has been scientifically compared and studied. Based on the concepts of person, state, and society and their rights and obligations before the constitution and the law, the most ideal form of these three subjects is the basis of constitutionalism. It is interpreted through existing theories and methods. "

Two Main Perspective Analysis of Human Capital Management in Fashion MSMes Business Development (Study on Mix Outfit Medan)

Efficient human resource governance ensures smooth commercial growth within the company. Apart from that, to achieve a growing business, two main perspectives are needed in implementing business development. The aim of this research is to examine the impact of the two main perspective on human capital management on business development as well as the influence of the two main perspective on business development in Mix Outfit MSMEs. This research uses descriptive qualitative methodology. This research uses data collection approaches such as interviews, observation, documentation studies, and triangulation. The findings show that Mix Outfit in its business activities has implemented a two main perspective. However, this was less effective, because it was found that there were ongoing problems arising from practices in implementing the two main perspective concept.

OTK-based PUF CRP obfuscation for IoT device authentication

The use of a strong physical unclonable function (PUF) for device authentication in resource-limited settings is promising but susceptible to machine learning (ML) attacks. Several defenses have been suggested, but they often have drawbacks such as increased hardware requirements, compromised reliability, and limited effectiveness against sophisticated ML attacks. To overcome these challenges, a one-time key-based (OTK) obfuscation approach has been proposed aiming to bolster the security of robust PUFs when facing machine learning-based attacks. The main concept involves obtaining multiple stable responses from the PUF and selecting one as the initial key for challenge obfuscation. However, only the challenge input for the selected key is stored on the device side. The server stores all the stable challenge-response pairs and uses this selected key for the first authentication only. After every authentication, the input to the key is updated on both sides. For response obfuscation random number generated by the server is used. Our proposed method can effectively prevent ML attacks with minimal hardware requirements. Arbiter-PUF and Rely-PUF as case studies are analyzed. Experimental findings indicate that when applied to 64 × 64 Arbiter and Rely PUF, our method significantly reduces the effectiveness of various machine learning attacks, resulting in a prediction accuracy of approximately 50.6% and 50.96% respectively. This level of accuracy is comparable to random guessing. The 64-bit OTK-PUF boasts an impressively compact storage footprint, comprising merely 164 Look-Up Tables (LUTs), 276 flip-flops, and a 512-bit of read-only memory (ROM). The execution of the protocol on the Vitis platform takes a mere 0.02 s on the device side.

THE FRAME-SLOT MODEL OF THE CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION ON THE BASIS OF MOTIVATIONAL SPEECHES BY PUBLIC FIGURES

This article introduces the outcomes of the conceptual analysis of motivational speeches delivered by prominent public figures, obtained by means of the UAM Corpus Tool – a cutting-edge software renowned for conducting both automated and manual text annotations. Furthermore, the study is enhanced by a conceptual metaphor analysis, revealing that ontological and structural components are the predominant and efficacious elements in constructing a frame-slot model. In accordance with Minsky’s theoretical framework, the frame-slot model consists of the main concept, and frames as complex structures, resembling multi-layered networks. It is figured out that these intricate structures are formed by slots and subplots [17]. Accordingly, the concept of MOTIVATION comprises a combination of frames reflecting embodied speakers’ experiences such as A LIVING BEING, DIFFICULTIES, PURPOSE, MATERIAL OBJECT, STATE, COGNITION, MOVEMENT, INSPIRATION, LIFE, WORLD, EDUCATION, and LANGUAGE. These components collectively serve as a comprehensive reflection of the perceptual paradigms employed by the selected public speakers, whose speeches serve as the primary corpus for this research. Consequently, the corpus comprises 20 speeches delivered by eminent male and female public figures, featuring Michelle Obama, Oprah Winfrey, Madonna, Kamala Harris, Melinda Gates, Angelina Jolie Voight, Arianna Huffington, Condoleezza Rice, Sheryl Sandberg, Hillary Clinton, Warren Buffett, Steve Jobs, Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk, Bill Gates, Barack Obama, David Beckham, Mark Zuckerberg, Jay Shetty, and Steven Spielberg. This research underscores the significance of conceptual metaphors in understanding how motivational speeches shape our perception of the world and influence our actions. By dissecting the linguistic elements that construct these metaphors, the insights into the strategies employed by public figures to inspire and motivate their audiences are received and elaborated.