Magnetic Tape Research Articles

“Forget the rest ...”: Notes on Magnetic Tape and Other Antiquated Media as Archives of Afro-Atlantic Liturgy

“Forget the rest ...”: Notes on Magnetic Tape and Other Antiquated Media as Archives of Afro-Atlantic Liturgy

A study on usefulness of neural network equalizer to reduce impact of amplitude fluctuations in magnetic tape

As digital data grows explosively year after year, magnetic tape devices, with their high reliability and long-term storage capacity, are widely used for backup and archiving. Magnetic tape devices with larger capacity are required, and it is necessary to improve track density. We have previously constructed a simulator that considers inter-track interference due to narrower tracks in barium ferrite (BaFe) magnetic tape drives and evaluated its performance. In this study, we develop a simulator which more accurately models the experimental data, considering amplitude fluctuations caused by the problem of poor tape running, and discuss the usefulness of a neural network equalizer to reduce the effects of amplitude fluctuations. As a result, we show that applying the neural network equalizer is useful in reducing the impact of amplitude fluctuations caused by the problem of poor tape running.

Evaluating the risk of data loss due to particle radiation damage in a DNA data storage system

DNA data storage is a potential alternative to magnetic tape for archival storage purposes, promising substantial gains in information density. Critical to the success of DNA as a storage media is an understanding of the role of environmental factors on the longevity of the stored information. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of exposure to ionizing particle radiation, a cause of data loss in traditional magnetic media, on the longevity of data in DNA data storage pools. We develop a mass action kinetics model to estimate the rate of damage accumulation in DNA strands due to neutron interactions with both nucleotides and residual water molecules, then utilize the model to evaluate the effect several design parameters of a typical DNA data storage scheme have on expected data longevity. Finally, we experimentally validate our model by exposing dried DNA samples to different levels of neutron irradiation and analyzing the resulting error profile. Our results show that particle radiation is not a significant contributor to data loss in DNA data storage pools under typical storage conditions.

Implementasi Inovasi Program Multiple Intelligences Research (MIR) di Sekolah Dasar Inklusi Ponorogo

The educational tendency in Indonesia to equalize intelligence standards between students through formal tests can kill students' potential intelligence, interests and talents. Minimal awareness of the concept of multiple intelligences (multiple intelligences) educational institutions in Indonesia need more innovative solutions so that efforts to improve the quality of education can be more optimized. The MIR program innovation initiated by Munif Chatib is the right solution so that the concept of different student intelligence can be understood and appreciated as a basis for determining methods and styles in learning activities. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research with a case study type of research (case study). The data collection technique used is an in-depth interview (indepth interview), participatory observation and documentation processed using Miles, Huberman and Saldana's interactive model data analysis technique which consists of four stages in the form of data collection, data condensation, data presentation and data verification. The location of this research was carried out at SD Immersion Ponorogo as a school with branding inclusion. This research aims to analyze the process of spreading MIR program innovation so that it can become a new breakthrough in the world of education to better appreciate and develop students' various intelligences. The research results show that the process of spreading innovation is carried out in line with Everett M Roger's theory of innovation diffusion which consists of innovation, communication channels, time period and social systems as an effective and efficient dissemination strategy. The MIR program is used as a reference for teachers in determining students' learning styles and models at Immersion Elementary School according to their multiple intelligences more effectively and efficiently. The learning styles used include: storry telling, brainstorming, tape recording, journal writing, fieldtrip, and project based learning.

The Jimmie Barker corpus: A Muruwari man’s documentation of Aboriginal languages, history and culture between 1968 and 1972

ABSTRACT Jimmie Barker (1900–1972) was a Muruwari Elder, Cultural Knowledge Holder, linguist, historian, ethnographer, inventor and sound engineer who produced over 113 h of audio recordings using reel-to-reel tape recorders between 1968 and 1972. Jimmie was supported in his endeavours by Janet Mathews and the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) (formerly, the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies). The “Barker Collection” of audio recordings is now housed in the AIATSIS Collection. Jimmie initially set out to record a Muruwari-English dictionary, but this expanded into documenting Muruwari language and culture, as well as personal, family, domestic and international history. Much of the collection comprises self-elicitation, metalinguistic analyses, oral histories and reflections. It includes some of the earliest recordings and language documentation by an Aboriginal person of other Aboriginal people, observations of typological properties and language change in Aboriginal languages, and critical analyses of linguistic and anthropological research. Since 2021, Roy J. Barker, grandson of Jimmie and Muruwari Cultural Knowledge Holder, has overseen a team of linguists designing a time-aligned ELAN corpus of Jimmie’s recordings for language revival outcomes. The recordings are transcribed, annotated with metadata and coded with cultural and language tags with consideration to the FAIR and CARE Principles.

Single-Track Magnetic Tape Absolute Position Sensor with Self-Adaptivity.

In this study, we demonstrate a single-track magnetic code tape-based absolute position sensor system. Unlike traditional dual-track systems, our method simplifies manufacturing and avoids crosstalk between tracks, offering higher tolerance to alignment errors. The sensing system employs an array of magnetic field sensing elements that recognize the bit sequence encoded on the tape. This approach allows for accurate position determination even when the number of sensing elements is fewer than the number of bits covered, and without the need for specific spacing between sensing elements and bit length. We demonstrate the system's ability to learn and adapt to various magnetic code patterns, including those that are irregular or have been altered. Our method can identify and localize the sensed magnetic field pattern directly within a self-learned magnetic field map, providing robust performance in diverse conditions. This self-adaptive capability enhances operational safety and reliability, as the system can continue functioning even when the magnetic tape is misaligned or has undergone changes.

The southernmost people of Greenland – Dialects and memories

During the mid-20th century, old South Greenlanders still spoke their genuine dialects when Mâliâraq Vebæk, herself a South Greenlander, born 1917, collected on tape stories and descriptions of pre-modern daily life from 23 informants. In this volume, the texts appear in dialectal transcription and translated into English, as well as in sound on the inserted CD-Rom, containing the tape recordings. Among the South Greenlandic dialects, the southernmost from the Cape Farewell region is now extinct and attracts particular interest, because this area received emigrants from the gradually depopulated southeast coast during the 19th century. The so-called qavak-dialect of the Cape Farewell region thus became an interesting mixture of the southeast and southwest Greenlandic dialects. This publication is targetted at linguists and is the first and only presentation of the South Greenlandic dialects. A phonological introduction is offered for the benefit of the linguists, but any reader of English (or the dialects) interested in stories, Greenland etc. can fully enjoy the texts.

Instant TV. The Forgotten History of Video Tape Recording (and the Coverage of the Eichmann Trial)

This article adopts a media archaeological approach to the Eichmann trial (1961) to explore the technology and media constellations that enabled its global television coverage. Drawing on extensive archival research, it offers insights into the technological setup and institutional cooperation crucial for the broadcast. In this context, video tape recording played a pivotal role, facilitating instantaneous reporting from around the world. Informed by actor-network theory, the article highlights the interplay of different (non)human actors who were interested and enrolled in a short-lived actor-network that soon became obsolete with the advent of communication satellites. Through recounting the story of the trial coverage, it not only recalls the forgotten use of a technology but also sheds light on emerging television formats and infrastructures that persisted far beyond the brief prominence of Instant TV.

Serpentinization as a Tape Recorder of (Dis)Continuous Mantle Exhumation along the Alpine Tethys Ocean-Continent-Transition

Abstract Serpentinization has been widely documented and investigated at mid-ocean ridges (MOR) and subduction zones. In contrast, at magma-poor rifted margins serpentinization has received much less attention, despite its importance in controlling rheology and mass fluxes during breakup and establishing of a steady-state MOR. In this study, we present new petrological and geochemical data on subcontinental exhumed serpentinized peridotites from the spectacularly exposed Platta, Tasna and Totalp nappes in the Eastern Central Alps in SE Switzerland, belonging to the Alpine Tethys Ocean Continent Transition (OCT). The results testify of a complex history of fluid–rock interactions recorded by several serpentinization events starting with lizardite mesh and bastite textures (S1), subsequently followed by a succession of serpentine-filling veins with distinct textures and serpentine polysomes that include spherical polyhedral serpentine (S2); chrysotile ± polygonal ± lizardite banded veins (S3); lamellar antigorite veins and patches (S4) and chrysotile crack-seal (S5). The serpentinization sequence differs at proximal (i.e. continentwards) and distal (i.e. oceanwards) domains of the OCT. At proximal domains of the OCT (Upper Platta, Tasna) serpentinites record the complete serpentinization sequence (S1 to S5), whereas at distal domains (Lower Platta) serpentinization is restricted to pseudomorphic mesh and bastite (S1) and chrysotile crack-seal (S5). We attribute this discrepancy to contrasted mechanisms of mantle exhumation along the OCT. While at proximal domains mantle is unroofed along continuous and single large offset detachment faults allowing for the formation of all serpentine generations, mantle exhumation at distal domains is a more discontinuous process, controlled by sequential out-of-sequence detachment and flip-flop faults preventing the full development of all serpentine generations. In this frame, the nature and order of formation of the serpentine polysomes are directly controlled by the conditions of serpentinization (i.e. temperature, mantle composition and fluid/rock ratio). We propose that this new conceptual model can be extrapolated to serpentinization at slow to ultra-slow MORs, where close similarities in the serpentinization sequences have been recently reported.

Comparison of the H2O, HDO and δD stratospheric climatologies between the MIPAS-ESA V8, MIPAS-IMK V5 and ACE-FTS V4.1/4.2 satellite datasets

Abstract. Variations in the isotopologic composition of water vapour are fundamental for understanding the relative importance of different mechanisms of water vapour transport from the tropical upper troposphere to the lower stratosphere. Previous comparisons obtained from observations of H2O and HDO by satellite instruments showed discrepancies. In this work, newer versions of H2O and HDO retrievals from Envisat/MIPAS and SCISAT/ACE-FTS are compared. Specifically, MIPAS-IMK V5, MIPAS-ESA V8 and ACE-FTS V4.1/4.2 for the common period from February 2004 to April 2012 are compared for the first time through a profile-to-profile approach and comparison based on climatological structures. The comparison is essential for the scientific community to assess the quality of new satellite data products, a necessary procedure to validate further scientific work. Averaged stratospheric H2O profiles reveal general good agreement between 16 and 30 km. Biases derived from the profile-to-profile comparison are around zero between 16 and 30 km for MIPAS-IMK and ACE-FTS comparison. For HDO and δD, low biases are found in the MIPAS-ESA and ACE-FTS comparison in the same range of altitudes, even if associated with a larger de-biased standard deviation. The zonally averaged cross sections of H2O and HDO exhibit the expected distribution that has been established in previous studies. For δD the tropical depletion in MIPAS-ESA occurs at the top of the dynamical tropopause, but this minimum is found at higher altitudes in the ACE-FTS and MIPAS-IMK dataset. The tape recorder signal is present in H2O and HDO for the three databases with slight quantitative differences. The δD annual variation for ACE-FTS data and MIPAS-ESA data is weaker compared to the MIPAS-IMK dataset, which shows a coherent tape recorder signal clearly detectable up to at least 30 km. The observed differences in the climatological δD composites between databases could lead to different interpretations regarding the water vapour transport processes toward the stratosphere. Therefore, it is important to further improve the quality of level 2 products.

Poetic transcribbling: Ted Berrigan & Harris Schiff’s Yo-Yo’s with Money and Beaned in Boston

ABSTRACT In 1977 and 1978, the poets Ted Berrigan and Harris Schiff attended two baseball games, pretending to be game announcers and recording their repartee on a newly-released TCM-100 cassette tape recorder. The transcription of first game, between the Yankees and the Red Sox on September 14, 1977, was published by United Artists in 1979 as the mimeograph book Yo-Yo’s with Money. The second experiment, a May 26, 1978, Red Sox – Tigers game, was a ‘failure’, as Schiff puts it, and the audio recording was never fully transcribed. Using readings of tonal shifts in the text, an interview with Schiff, and archival material, including the Beaned in Boston tapes and Yo-Yo’s with Money’s original mimeograph title page and transcript, this essay examines Schiff and Berrigan’s self-reflexive process. I argue that the TCM-100 extends the qualities – immediacy, frequency, and ephemerality – which make the mimeograph so appealing as a production technology to writers and artists, and this moment occurs in anticipation of mimeo’s obsolescence. Furthermore, I suggest that these collaborative works can be viewed as ‘transcribbling’, a ludic form of transcription, enabled by this combination of tape recorder and mimeo.

Barriers in cancer risk reduction in community in Indonesia: a qualitative study

Integrated development post of non-communicable diseases (Posbindu penyakit tidak menular/PTM) is one of the strategies implemented by the MOH of Indonesia for prevention, screening, and early detection through community empowerment and community involvement in reducing the number of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer. This study aimed to explore the barriers to reducing the risk of cancer. Twelve participants were involved in this study using in-depth interviews and participant observations. All the interviews and discussions were recorded using an audio tape recorder and also using field notes, and then a transcript was transcribed verbatim. Five themes emerged namely providing funding for the program, obtaining appropriate support from the government based on the community’s needs and a health workforce shortage, sharing and discussing the health information, and cultural practices of the community as barriers to reducing the risk of cancer in the community. The study results can be used as evidence to develop and sustain effective strategies to address the barriers to reducing the risk of cancer in communities in Indonesia.

“The impact of orthognathic surgery on articulation proficiency and speech intelligibility in skeletal Class III malocclusion: 18 months follow up”

IntroductionOrthognathic surgery results in the positional change of the maxilla and mandible that may affect speech. The present study evaluated the effect of combined maxillary advancement and mandibular setback surgery on articulation proficiency and speech intelligibility in patients with non-syndromic skeletal Class III malocclusion. MethodsIn this prospective study, twenty-five patients with skeletal class III malocclusion and consecutively treated with Lefort-1 maxillary advancement and mandibular setback (BSSO) orthognathic surgery were included in this study. The speech sample was recorded with a digital audio tape recorder one day before surgery and at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months after surgery. Three qualified and experienced speech and language pathologists evaluated articulation errors and intelligibility of speech samples. Repeated One-way analysis of variance was used to compare articulation proficiency and speech intelligibility at different time intervals. ResultsThe substitution, omission, distortion and addition errors showed no significant changes at 3 months and 6 months. The total articulation errors decreased to zero at 9 months and no significant increase was observed till 18 months (P < 0.05). Speech intelligibility showed statistically non-significant improvement at any time interval. Cephalometric skeletal parameters SNA and N ḻ A°. were significantly correlated with addition and total articulation errors at 18 months follow up. ConclusionsThe ortho-surgical treatment improves speech (decreases. articulation errors) in most of the patients usually 6–9 months post-surgery. Speech intelligibility is not affected by bimaxillary orthognathic surgery in skeletal class III patients. The articulation errors were correlated to changes in position of maxilla.

A Comparative study of Operating System for Internet of Things

Internet Of Things is nowadays one of the most advanced and in trend technology. Internet Of Things basically means the network which internally connects all hardware and software devices. All these devices connected through Internet Of Things can be controlled by the user. One of the core components of Internet Of Things is Operating System which is a kind of software written through which the use of punch cards and magnetic tapes were replaced and programs can be run by a single user with less efforts and less time consumption. Review paper is basically about how the Internet Of Things and Operating System operates, there pros and cons, features, core components, their cause of origin and how the Operating System is crucial component of Internet Of Things. The most renowned companies serving Internet Of Things as well as Operating System services are also listed, when and how they started, their products which were made specifically for the Internet Of Things purpose or were afterwards made to be used for Internet Of Things purpose. Not only the information about Internet Of Things and Operating System technologies are listed but also how these two are related to each other is also mentioned review paper. What was the past and present of the Internet Of Things and Operating System technology is listed here but what can be the future of the Internet Of Things and Operating System is also tried to be predicted on the basis of facts and figures. As a conclusion Operating System itself is a powerful technology but Internet Of Things needs Operating System to be implemented otherwise without Operating System Internet Of Things is just some hardware machines which needs to be operated in same old way though knobs and switches or Operating System can be said as a core of Internet Of Things world to some extent. Keywords- Internet Of Things, Operating System, Kernel, UI, GUI, NLI, CLI, API, Blockchain.

An Analysis of Code-Mixing Used by the English Teachers

The type of insertion code-mixing was the most dominant type used by students in communicating. This study aimed to analysing the types of code-mixing and the teachers’ reasons of code-switching used by the English teachers in teaching English. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The subjects of this study are two English teachers who taught English subject. The teachers who teach in 10th and 11th grades of language major. The data were collected using two methods, such as observation and interview. The instruments used are video recorder, tape recorder, observations sheets, and interview guide. Researcher analyze the data, data collected will be transcribed into written form to facilitate classification. The transcribed data in script form will be analysing using Hoffman’s theory. The results showed that there are three types of code-mixing used by the English teachers. There are intra sentential code-mixing (62.1%), intra lexical code-mixing (18.7%), and involving a change in pronounciation (19.2%). Moreover there are total 198 utterances, which is of 49 utterances used because the students’ English ability are low, 33 utterances used to diagnosing students, 29 utterances used to get closer to the students, 16 utterances used to making a joke, and 71 utterances used because the habit factor.

Ethnobotanical Studies on the Ferns and Fern Allies of Rajasthan

Description is given of the ethnobotanical importance of species of ferns and fern allies collected from different localities throughout Rajasthan. The 'tribal' informations are confirmed by Ayurvedic Vaidiyas and 'Hakeems'.In Rajasthan the well-known tribal races are Bheel, Garassia, Sanshi, Meena, Gadaria-lohar, etc. Some of them inhabit the Aravallies and Chambal revines which possess sufficient vegetation of pteridophytes (Bir and Verma, 1963 ; Bhardwaja et al., 1979 ; Bohra et al., 1980). Ethnobotanical survey of these places has yielded interesting results, some of which are given in the present paper. During survey, Tape recorder was used as the language of many 'Tribal races' could not be understood well and got the conversation translated by some educated persons of the race, now residing in urban areas.

Provision of sexual health education in secondary schools: A multidisciplinary lens of stakeholders in southern highlands, Tanzania

IntroductionSchool-based sexual health education reduces risky sexual outcomes for in-school adolescents such as unintended premarital pregnancies, unsafe abortions, increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV and AIDS, early parenthood, a massive dropout from schools and untimely deaths. Despite the teaching of sexual health education in secondary schools, adolescents in Iringa Region are being exposed to increasing risks of sexual behaviours such as premarital sex, multiple sexual partners, and unprotected sex. This study examines stakeholders’ attitudes and beliefs toward providing sexual health education in secondary schools in Iringa Region, Tanzania. MethodsA qualitative approach under cross-sectional design was used. A purposive sampling technique was applied in selecting the Districts and participants for the study while simple random was used in the selection of schools. The participants were purposively selected depending on their position and knowledge of the subject matter. This study had 50 participants in total, 36 of them were teachers (6 from each school) who participated in focus group discussions (FGDs). After that, in-depth interviews with 14 participants were also conducted including 6 headmasters/mistresses, 6 healthcare professionals and 2 District secondary education officers. All FGDs and in-depth interviews used standardized questions to elicit information. The collected data were audio-recorded through tape recorders, transcribed, and translated into English. An initial coding matrix was developed and refined throughout the coding process. Transcripts were coded and analyzed using the content analysis approach. ResultsFindings from this study revealed all stakeholders having positive attitudes toward the provision of sexual health education in secondary schools. Results also revealed participants in favour of adolescents being taught several topics except for homosexuality. Findings on the appropriate age to start learning sexual health education revealed participants having trouble in fixing the right age, however, they said, at least 5 through 10 years before a child initiates sexual activity. ConclusionThe study concludes that stakeholders in the study areas have a positive attitude towards the provision of sexual health education in secondary schools and want students to be taught a wide range of topics before they initiate sexual activity. It is recommended that age-appropriate comprehensive sexuality education be given to teenagers to provide them with the knowledge they need to make informed decisions about their sexuality. This requires concerted efforts from the school, government and community involvement in the provision of sexual health education to in-school adolescents.

SEATON SNOOK AND THE BUILDING OF A PARAFICTIONAL SEASIDE TOWN

AbstractSeaton Snook was a thriving community of fishermen, blacksmiths, teachers, seacoalers, labourers and musicians on the coast of County Durham, UK. After 1968, however, government records and newspaper reports referring to the town cease and there are, apparently, no former residents still living. This article outlines the creation of What Happened to Seaton Snook?, an internet-based archive of sounds and music from the area, its residents and its workers, devised to try and form a picture of the town and what happened there. Among the nearly 100 artefacts in this ethnomusicological study are pieces for piano and harpsichord, pedagogic works, folk tunes for voice and Northumbrian smallpipes, brass band music, Krautrock, psychedelic rock and works for magnetic tape. There are biographies and photographs of people key to the history of the town, and interviews with experts in matters pertaining to the artefacts. The archive also seeks to examine the economic and cultural neglect of the North East of England and the importance of the stories we tell around the music we make.

Silence Speaks Volume in Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot and Krapp's Last Tape

Silence Speaks Volume in Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot and Krapp's Last Tape

Not only Väterliteratur: The engagement of several media in talking about the Nazi past in Wolfgang Glück’s Die kleine Figur meines Vaters (1980)

This article explores the adaptation of Peter Henisch’s novel Die kleine Figur meines Vaters made by Wolfgang Glück. The film produced by three (Austrian, West German and Hungarian) television companies focuses on conversations between father and son that relate to the Nazi past of the latter. What initially was planned as a biographical novel, in the end, became an intermedial work drawing on literature, a magnetic tape containing a recorded oral testimony, photography and film. In this article, I examine the film’s narration and reception to demonstrate that it was one of the first Austrian movies to deal directly with the ambiguous role ordinary Austrians played in National Socialism, which in fact preceded the political debate on Austria’s past generated by the election of Kurt Waldheim to the president’s office in 1986. The analysis of the film was possible thanks to the research conducted in the Austrian National Library in Vienna and the Archives of the Bavarian Television (BR) in Munich.