Machine-building Industry Research Articles

Methodology for Determining the Criterion for the High-Quality Formation of T-Shaped Joints by Resistance Projection Welding Using Mathematical Modeling

Resistance projection welding of various materials and alloys has become widespread in various branches of the machine-building industry due to the high productivity of the process, technological and economic parameters of manufacture of manufacture and a wide diversity of types of welded joints. Despite its widespread use, technological processes of resistance projection welding in production conditions are not always able to provide consistently high quality of welded joints. Due to the fact that the calculation of welding operation parameters is carried out according to a universal methodology based on the heat balance equation, there are no recommended parameters for different types of joints, which, as a rule, leads to an overestimation or underestimation of welding current values. Incorrectly defined parameters of projection welding lead to the appearance of a large number of defects in T-shaped joints. Mathematical modeling is one of the effective ways to improve the quality of welded joints obtained by resistance projection welding. Existing mathematical models of the projection welding process, as a rule, have significant approximations in setting important parameters of the operation from the point of view of the welding cycle, therefore, the development of a model that takes them into account is an urgent task. The paper examines the developed method of mathematical modeling of projection welding process of T-shaped joints, taking into account the phase control of the heat input power, which is used to determine the influence of energy mode parameters on displacement characteristics of movable electrode of a contact welding machine. Based on the results of mathematical modeling, recommended dependences of the parameters of resistance projection welding modes of T-shaped joints have been obtained. The model of the resistance projection welding process of T-shaped joints is implemented in the ANSYS software product. The adequacy of the developed mathematical modeling methodology has been confirmed by experimental studies of the resistance projection welding process.

СВІТОГЛЯДНІ МАШИНОЗНАВЧІ ЗНАННЯ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

Mechanical engineering competence is a basic component of the professional training of future technology teachers. It is implemented, as a rule, in the specialized education of high school students and directs their professional self-determination to the field of modern production, helps schoolchildren navigate different types of working machines, using as a support the ability to determine their methods of action, and also allows future technology teachers to competently organize extracurricular work and extracurricular education of schoolchildren. Currently, the actual content of mechanical science knowledge of future technology teachers is narrow and irrelevant to their professional activity, as it models the basics of the professional competence of future design engineers in the mechanical engineering industry. The article substantiates the need to replace the functional concept of the content of mechanical knowledge of future technology teachers with the concept of the user of working machines. Accordingly, the knowledge of the engineer-designer of the machine-building industry is being replaced by the basic worldview knowledge of the mechanical engineer as a reference qualified user of working machines or equipment in general. In the study, it was hypothesized that the level of cognitive interest of future technology teachers in machine science knowledge will increase if their content is global. The essence of the method of control questions, which allows modeling the machine science worldview of the user of working machines, is revealed. The pedagogical experiment was conducted at Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University during 2018–2024. It consisted of three series of ascertaining, formative and control stages. At the ascertaining stage of the pedagogical experiment, the actual level of students' interest in mechanical engineering knowledge was determined. At the formative stage, traditional machine learning competence was formed in the control groups and innovative machine learning competence in the experimental groups. At the end of the semesters, at the control stage, an assessment was made of the nature of the shift in the cognitive interests of the students of the control and experimental groups towards machine science knowledge. The theoretical value of the results lies in substantiating the concept of the user of working machines for determining the content of machine learning knowledge of future technology teachers. The practical value of the results lies in the use of technical problems as a didactic condition for the formation of students' machine science competence in the process of using the worldview of machine science knowledge they have learned to solve educational technical problem situations.

ВИБІР РАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ТИПУ ВІБРОЗБУДУЖУВАЧА ДЛЯ ІНЕРЦІЙНИХ ВИБИВНИХ РЕШІТОК

Casting is one of the most common methods of producing workpieces in the machine building and other industries. In particular, sand mold casting is the most common method for ferrous and non-ferrous metals. This casting method requires subsequent knocking out of the castings from the molds and pans, which is a complex technological operation that requires the use of various types of appropriate vibrating equipment, including inertial knockout grids. Automation and continuous development of production sets tasks for the modernization of vibrating equipment and the development of new design solutions, taking into account the possibility of ensuring the required operating modes, specific operating conditions, requirements for durability, reliability, maintainability and safety of use. An important structural element of vibration equipment is vibration exciters, which determine the efficiency of the process of extracting castings from the molds. The paper analyzes the known technical solutions of vibration exciters dedicated to solving this problem and identifies the main directions for improving the design of vibration exciters, as well as problems that require finding effective solutions. Typical designs are considered and the most common types of vibration equipment for knocking out castings are analyzed. The main types of vibration exciter drives used in inertial knockout screens depending on the specifics of production are identified. These are eccentric, cam, unbalanced, pneumatic and electromagnetic. The article analyzes the designs of vibration exciters and their drives and identifies the main advantages and disadvantages. It is concluded that it is necessary and expedient to reduce the weight and simplify the designs, expand the range of operating modes of these drives. It is proposed to use a hydraulic drive of the vibration exciter, which will improve the characteristics of inertial knockout gratings, provide the ability to work with pre- and post-resonance frequencies, expand the range of operating amplitudes and increase the range of processed molds. The expediency and prospects of developing new technological equipment, in particular, hydraulically driven vibration exciters, are indicated.

Methods of Balancing Technological Systems of Multiproduct Production

The functioning of the machine-building industry has its specifics, particularly periodic changes in the range (size, configuration, and others) of manufactured products. In addition, it is essential to consider the need to reduce the time spent on the production of each unit. Almost continuous changes in technology, failures in the supply of raw materials, uncoordinated logistics, and many other factors often cause significant and unproductive costs, leading to an increase in the technological stage. The most promising direction to reduce the technological time of manufacturing products by multiproduct enterprises is to reduce the waiting time owing to the uniform distribution of each technological transition according to the state of the available workshop equipment (plant, production area, enterprise). This study proposes a novel model of technological systems that enables the adaptation of technological processes for part manufacturing and comprises data structures that define their technical capabilities. The proposed algorithm facilitates a reduction in downtime and an increase in equipment utilization factor. It is possible to optimize the technological processes that change the structure of each production operation to adapt to the existing technology. Testing this methodology demonstrated a significant increase of 8% in the process utilization rate of machinery.

Investigating the types of eating behavior among shift workers in the machine-building industry.

Shift work has become the norm and an absolute necessity in various sectors of public life. Different production processes, technologies, and the nature of certain jobs lead to various health risks. Unhealthy eating behaviors remain common among shift workers across all economic sectors.

METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE USE OF THE TEAMS DIGITAL PLATFORM FOR PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF QUALIFIED WORKERS IN THE MACHINE-BUILDING INDUSTRY

The article provides an in-depth analysis of the use of the Microsoft Teams digital platform as a universal and multifunctional tool for organizing professional training for qualified workers in the machine-building industry. With its extensive capabilities, this platform not only enables effective management of the educational process but also fosters interactivity, flexibility, and access to a wide range of educational resources. Its integration into professional training facilitates the creation of a modern and innovative learning environment that meets the current demands of the industry, contributing to the effective development of essential professional competencies among workers. Microsoft Teams offers significant opportunities for organizing distance learning, which has become increasingly relevant in the context of globalization and digital transformation. The platform creates conditions for structuring the learning process to support group collaboration, multimedia content integration, and detailed monitoring of learners’ progress. A key advantage is the ability to adapt educational materials to the individual needs of participants, thereby fostering a flexible and personalized learning environment. Particular attention in the article is devoted to how Microsoft Teams supports the development of key professional competencies essential for modern professional activities. The platform’s functional capabilities allow the combination of synchronous and asynchronous learning formats, significantly expanding the toolkit available for the educational process. Microsoft Teams integrates traditional teaching methodologies with innovative digital tools such as virtual whiteboards, automated tests, integration with other educational software, and real-time collaborative work. This enables workers to acquire new knowledge at a comfortable pace while receiving necessary support from instructors and peers. The study’s findings also highlight the importance of using such platforms to enhance educational practices in professional training, particularly in the machine-building sector. The recommendations presented in the article will be valuable for educators seeking to effectively incorporate digital technologies into training programs, improving their relevance and efficiency. Thus, Microsoft Teams serves as a critical tool in the modernization of professional education, addressing contemporary educational and industrial challenges.

Ecological Consequences of Changes in the Territorial and Branch Structure of Moscow Manufacturing Industry in 1990–2023

The peculiarities of the dynamics of the volume and structure of emissions from manufacturing enterprises in Moscow in 1990–2023 have been revealed. It is noted that the economic process of deindustrialization in the 1990s–2000s has been replaced in recent years by a small reverse process of reindustrialization, with an increase in the diversity of sectoral structure, and a change in the role and internal structure of machine building and chemical industry. The decrease of manufacturing industry output was noticed, while pollution from large enterprises producing products necessary for the city was preserved; at the same time, the rates of decrease in specific pollution for these enterprises have slowed down in recent years. It is concluded that during periods of crisis and recession there is a faster change in industrial structure compared to the change in pollution structure, and that during the recovery phase the pollution structure changes faster, largely due to the fact that industries are expanded initially without adequate expansion of treatment systems.

On the effectiveness of using carbamide-based salt baths for low-temperature cyanidation of improved carbon and alloy steels

Purpose. A study of cyanidation of improved carbon and alloy steels of grades 30, 30HGT, 30H13 at a temperature of 550–580 °C was carried out in baths based on carbamide and sodium carbonate. Recommendations on the use of these baths for surface hardening of carbon and alloyed improved steels used for the manufacture of machine parts are formulated. Methods. The microstructure of the diffusion layer of steels on transverse sections was studied using a Quanta FEG – 650 electron scanning microscope with an EBCD focused ion beam microanalysis system. Cyanide wear tests were performed under friction conditions analogous to those of die tools. The wear resistance of the carbonitrided samples was investigated on a SMTs-2 friction machine. The tests were performed under both dry friction and boundary friction conditions. Results. The high efficiency of the proposed bath composition at a given temperature has been experimentally shown. As a result of cyanidation, modified layers saturated with solid inclusions (ε-phases) are formed on the surface of steels, characterized by high hardness, low coefficient of friction and high wear resistance. Conclusion. According to the results of the conducted research, it can be concluded that low-temperature cyanidation of improved steels of various grades can be carried out in cyanide-free salt baths. The optimal composition of the cyanide bath is 40% carbamide (NH2)2CO; 40 % soda ash Na2CO3 and 20 % NaCl table salt. The proposed bath does not contain toxic and scarce components, therefore it is environmentally safe and very cheap and can be used with great effect in machine-building, repair and tool industries.

Study of the Social Responsibility of Ukrainian Employers for the Health of Employees on the Example of Enterprises of the Machine-Building Industry in the Kharkiv Region

The work aims to develop a methodical approach to assessing the employer’s level of social responsibility for employee health. Methods of statistical analysis, expert assessments, and content analysis were used. Developed a methodological approach to determining the level of social responsibility of the employer for maintaining the health of workers, which was tested in a sample of 18 enterprises of the machine-building industry of Kharkiv and Kharkiv region; it is determined by calculating an integrated indicator that combines quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the working environment in three planes (sections), which characterize the factors influencing human health: social conditions and lifestyle, the level of ecology of the working space, and the level of medical care at the enterprise. The results of the employer’s efforts to preserve the health of the employee are transformed into the health of the employee, which is analyzed through the indicator “Health Index”.

Data Sets Formation on the Physical Properties of Oxide Scale Components for Theoretical Assessment of Efficiency Parameters of Laser Cleaning of Carbon Steels and Related Processes

There is a need in machine-building industries nowadays to automate technologies, in particular, laser ones, to remove surface oxide layers – mill scale, rust – from steel products/pieces in order to improve the energy effectiveness of processing. Herewith, a theoretical assessment method for the intensity of heating of the oxide layer and the phase transition in it can be used to optimize laser cleaning (LC) of the steel surface. To realize this, it is possible to use some calculation and modeling procedures that require, as a first step, the data collection and verification on the temperature-dependent properties of iron-containing condensed phases, as possible components contained, in particular, in scale, which is typically widespread into various metal products. In this regard, the formation of database for characteristics of oxide scale components by the way of selection of information on thermophysical (including optical) properties of the components mentioned and of steel base, which are required for a reliable calculation of the thermal efficiency parameters of the technology for laser cleaning of carbon steels, as well as such actively developed related technologies as laser cutting, drilling, coating remelting, etc., was chosen as the task of our research. An analytical overview of published experimental data made it possible to systematize information on a number of transport and other physical properties of iron-containing components at ambient pressure, including thermal conductivity (k) and diffusivity (a), density ρ, irradiation absorptance and integral emissivity in the temperature range from T ≈ 298 K to the melting temperatures of oxide and metal phases and above them. At the same time, a preliminary thermochemical estimation shows (on the calculated data) the existence of such thermodynamically stable forms of the condensed phase in the heating spot of scale layers during its LC at the melting point and above it, as Fe3O4, FeO, and Fe, which is consistent with known experimental data. Comparison of the values of a calculated by us (using the published values of k, ρ and molar heat capacity and using extrapolation in the high-temperature region) for the types of scale components under consideration with a set of experimental values of this parameter in current literature revealed the presence of differences for both oxide and metal phases. These new values make it possible to fill in a gap in the temperature range T = 1600–1800 K that existed in the data on the thermal diffusivity. The value of a = (0.83–0.92)·10–6 m2/s was also calculated for liquid iron oxide for the T ≈ 1800 K, which was not measured experimentally, that, obviously, prevented modeling of not only laser surface processing, melting and cleaning of steels, but also calculations in the field of metallurgical and other technologies, which are characterized by the presence of iron oxide melts during heating.

Formation of professional competence in students of industry mechanical engineering specialties at chemistry tuition

The peculiarities of chemical education in training future specialists of the machine-building industry in the conditions of distance learning were considered. The need to update the content and quality of chemistry education based on a competency-based approach according to its structure was founded. A thorough review of the created distance course "1M Chemistry " and the algorithm for the formation of competencies in it according to Bloom's taxonomy, i.e. according to six main categories: knowledge, understanding, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation were provided. The relevance of a purposeful, competent approach to the teaching of chemical material for the students of the Faculty of Mechanics and the importance of an emphasis in the distance chemistry course on the practical orientation of education, a combination of informational and problem-based methods of teaching the material were shown. Package of test tasks and calculation tasks of various levels of complexity were developed for the formation of the competence to analyze and evaluate. The role of independent work of students as a separate element of the distance course for the formation of higher-order cognitive skills that allow students to work at a creative level was proven. An analysis of students' assimilation of theoretical material and the ability to apply theoretical knowledge to solve problems of different levels of complexity was carried out. A diagram of students' qualitative success according to different types of knowledge diagnosis was presented. The ability of students to establish the correspondence between theoretical knowledge and the ability to apply it practically was assessed. Organizational and pedagogical conditions that allow the effective formation of professional competences when teaching chemistry in a technical university of a non-chemical profile were determined. The possibility of improving chemical education of students due to the development of educational and methodological materials in the distance course, which create an opportunity not only to form a system of subject skills and abilities, but also to carry out a qualitative diagnosis of the acquired knowledge in the discipline, was shown. Provision of effective teaching of chemistry based on new information and educational technologies and a modern strategy for effective training of qualified personnel were implemented

ANALYSIS OF MODERN METHODS FOR OPTIMIZING TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN MACHINE-BUILDING PRODUCTION USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

This article explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into machine-building production processes, focusing on the optimization of gear production for KrAZ trucks. Through a detailed analysis of AI applications in various industries and a review of relevant literature, the study identifies key opportunities and challenges in implementing AI technologies in mechanical engineering. The research presents a comprehensive examination of the benefits of AI-driven systems in improving production efficiency, quality control, and predictive maintenance. A case study on automated gear grinding quality control demonstrates how AI, coupled with advanced sensors and machine learning algorithms, enhances process precision and reduces defects. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of AI-driven systems in improving precision, reliability, and cost-effectiveness in gear manufacturing, with an observed accuracy rate of approximately 95% or higher. Also highlights a precision rate of ±0.005 mm in gear tooth surface finishing, leading to consistent gear performance and reliability. Additionally, AI-driven predictive maintenance strategies are shown to predict equipment maintenance needs with up to 90% accuracy, maximizing productivity and reducing maintenance costs by up to 30%. Moving forward, further research and implementation efforts should focus on selecting and integrating appropriate AI systems into existing production processes, to maximize efficiency and innovation within the machine-building industry. Keywords: artificial intelligence, gear grinding, quality control, data analysis, automation

Legal Cooperation of Kazakhstan with the BRICS Countries on the Production and Operation of Medical Electric Vehicles with Artificial Intelligence Technologies

This scientific article is devoted to the study and analysis of legal relations between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the BRICS countries in the field of the production and operation of medical electric vehicles with artificial intelligence technologies. Particular attention is paid to legislative measures that promote the formation and development of a new industrial sector, such as the production of medical electric vehicles with artificial intelligence technologies. The research uses a number of methods, including studying empirical data, comparative legal analysis, synthesis, generalization, and scientific forecasting. The article proposes legislative measures to solve the problems facing the medical electrical machinebuilding industry and the unmanned medical electric vehicle industry, as well as the difficulties of integrating automation and digitalization into the production process of transportation plants in Kazakhstan and the BRICS countries. In the order of forecasting, the authors propose the adoption of several laws that are relevant to the issue under consideration. These proposals include the signing of new international cooperation agreements between Kazakhstan and the BRICS countries aimed at the introduction of digitalization at machine-building plants in Kazakhstan for the production of medical electric vehicles equipped with artificial intelligence technologies.

MODELING OF PHASE TURNING PID HOUR OF PERMANENT COOLING OF HIGH-CARBON ALLOYING STEELS

On the basis of the author's analytical model together with finite element models, simulation of phase transformations during continuous cooling of high-carbon alloyed steels, intended for the manufacture of metal products of responsible purpose, in particular for the metallurgical and machine-building industries, was performed. The simulation results are summarized by constructing thermokinetic diagrams of austenite decay in the process of continuous cooling of steels 65Cr3SiMoV, 80Cr3MoV, 80Cr5MoV. The obtained results will be used during the adjustment of industrial modes of heat treatment of metal products of responsible purpose, in particular, back-up rolls of rolling mills. At the next stage of research, it is advisable to construct isothermal and structural diagrams of steels 65Cr3SiMoV, 80Cr3MoV, 80Cr5MoV including the determination of the distribution of structural components according to the depth of the strengthened layer (0–100 mm), which will allow to create scientifically based principles for improving the technology of heat treatment of support rolls rolling mills, which are made of high-carbon alloy steels.

THE USE OF WEB SERVICES TO OPTIMIZE THE LOGISTICS PROCESS IN THE ENGINEERING INDUSTRY

One of the important sectors in the economy is the metallurgical industry, which supplies raw materials and semi-finished products to other strategically important industries. The issue of quality control in this area is very relevant. Since the quality of the metal depends on the quality of subsequent products, products that must withstand all prescribed loads and regulations, as well as ensure safe operation for many years. Accordingly, all products of the metallurgical industry are subject to mandatory certification. The quality certificate is an official document and confirms the declared characteristics of the metal. All information from the quality certificate should be recorded in the information system in such a way that it is possible to track each specific batch of metal with the characteristics declared according to the certificate from purchase to release of finished products. The article discusses new possibilities of using web services for the exchange of information on quality certificates between contractors with various information systems. The essence of this innovative method is that the metal supplier transmits the data according to the quality certificate together with the electronic printed form, and the buyer accepts this data and writes it to the integration bus using web services for subsequent transmission to the necessary information systems. Thus, the risk of errors that are present during manual input will be eliminated, the time for entering and processing information will be reduced to ensure the full operation of technical control in the organization. Purpose. Optimization of the process of material and technical support by metal rolling for enterprises of the machine-building industry. Methodology: the article used survey, analysis, comparison, modeling. Results: a new method of transmitting information on quality certificates using web services, which allows you to avoid errors during manual entry, as well as optimize the registration process of admission. Practical implications it is advisable to apply the obtained results for enterprises of the machine-building industry engaged in the purchase of rolled metal.

Implementation of Simulation Modeling of Single and High-Volume Machine-Building Productions

The authors of this article analyze the existing methods and models of technological preparation of machine-building industries. The structure of a three-level simulation model with network-centric control, the structures of individual elements of the simulation model, and the process of simulation modeling are described. The criteria for choosing a rational option for the processing technological route have been determined. During this research, a simulation program was implemented in C++. It allows you to select the optimal scenario for the operation of a production site based on two criteria: time and cost. The volume of implementation is about 2 × 103 lines of code. A diagram of the modeling algorithm for the implemented program and a description of the classes and their interactions are given in the article. The developed simulation model was tested at a machine-building enterprise using the example of the “Pusher” part, manufactured under single-unit production conditions. The technological equipment used for the manufacture of this part was formed in the form of input data of the simulation model. The results of simulation modeling for the selected part are described. For each variant of the technological processing route, the values of variable costs and the duration of the production cycle were determined.

Vibration sensor as the basis of an equipment monitoring system

Currently, the high complexity and instability of engineering production processes leads to the need to make management decisions under conditions of uncertainty, which significantly affects the efficiency of production as a whole. Reducing uncertainty in operational production planning of machine-building industries is possible by analyzing data on the flow of technological processes collected using equipment monitoring systems, i.e. measuring and information systems. It is proposed to use vibration sensors as the main source of information to obtain reliable data on the operation of equipment. General issues regarding vibration sensors are considered and a variant of their classification according to various features is presented, such as sensitivity, operating principle, method of obtaining information, signal conversion mechanism, signal measurement method. Several versions of vibration sensors have been developed, designed to collect information about the level of vibration during processing and included in the diagnostic module for monitoring equipment operation. The first version of the printed circuit board is based on a microcontroller based on ATMega328P, designed to read MEMS accelerometer data and transmit the collected information using a wireless communication module to the operator panel for display in real time and transmission for storage and processing to the server. To charge the battery, a charge controller based on the TP4056 chip and a low-dropout linear stabilizer TPS730 are used. In the second option, the MPU9250 inertial measurement module is used, and information processing and data transmission is carried out using a specialized module NINA-B306. A printed circuit board of any of the presented options is installed in a vibration control sensor mounted on the back side of a three-jaw chuck inside the machine body. This placement of the diagnostic module eliminates the possibility of its unintentional damage while ensuring the required quality and reliability of signal transmission. The vibration sensor, fixed to the cartridge using quick-release strips, consists of a board located in the housing. Above the board there is an insert that protects the board from the battery. The housing is closed from above with a lid using screw washers through a gasket to ensure the housing is sealed. The clamping screw is used to secure the board in the case. The vibration sensor is turned on using a button. The proposed vibration sensor can be used as the basis of an measuring and information systems, because information about the level of vibration of a technological system, recorded by sensors, like a human cardiogram, provides comprehensive information about its condition. A diagnostic module built on the basis of a vibration sensor will increase the efficiency and “transparency” of machining processes and collect statistical data that allows assessing the efficiency of equipment operation.

Development of the personnel potential system of the enterprise using the example of the machine-building industry of Ukraine

Methods. The following methods of scientific knowledge were applied during the study of the problems of the development of the system of personnel potential of machine-building enterprises: analysis and synthesis – when identifying modern trends in the development of machine-building and the dynamics of the final results of the economic activity of enterprises belonging to this industry; structuring – when characterizing the machine-building products market; grouping – when classifying enterprises according to the «9 Box Talent Matrix»; comparison – when comparing personnel potential systems existing at metallurgical enterprises of Ukraine; index method – when creating an integral indicator of the company's personnel development. Results. The current state of mechanical engineering development in Ukraine and the world is analyzed and its main trends are highlighted. The structure of the modern world machine-building market is characterized, and Ukraine's place in it is shown. A comparison of the specifics of the conditions under which foreign and domestic companies representing the industry carry out their activities is carried out. The problems of the functioning of domestic machine-building enterprises are identified, attention is focused on the inefficiency of their personnel potential systems. On a sample of ten Ukrainian metallurgical enterprises, the financial and economic indicators of their activity were analyzed, in particular: general profitability, movement and use of labor force, the share of personnel costs in the total structure of costs, and the level of remuneration. With the help of the «9 Box Talent Matrix» the personnel potential of the investigated enterprises was assessed. Novelty. Based on the study of the activities of ten enterprises of the machine-building industry of Ukraine, an idea was formed about the existing state of personnel resources and factors that shape the personnel potential of the enterprise and influence its development. The method of calculating the personnel potential of the enterprise has been improved, which, unlike the existing ones, is based on the calculation of the integral indicator of the development of the personnel of the enterprise proposed by the author, as well as the indicators of the level of profitability of the personnel potential and potential income from the use of the personnel potential at the enterprise. Practical value. The improved methodology for calculating personnel potential proposed by the author can be implemented at any Ukrainian enterprise and serve as a tool for assessing the level of personnel development and the amount of personnel potential, timely identification of problems and the development of effective solutions for their resolution.

Development of new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants based on products from industrial waste integrated processing

The object of this research is the integrated processing of industrial waste from various industries, which makes it possible to reduce the use of material and energy resources and improve the ecological state of the environment. Waste from the chemical, petrochemical, and machine-building industries was subject to integrated technological processing. The common link that united the investigated complex technological cycles was the use of a regenerated mixed sorbent (activated carbon+kieselguhr), on the surface of which topochemical transformations of chemicals that were part of industrial waste took place. Using a regenerated mixed sorbent, exhausted industrial oil which was the mineral basis of the developed new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants was purified. In particular, we have established the conditions for obtaining diethyl ammonium chloride from unusable pesticides of the formula R1R2R3R4C6HCOOH∙HN(C2H5)2, whose topochemical interaction on the surface of the mixed sorbent leads to the formation of a sorbed fragment [sorbent (activated carbon+kieselguhr)]∙[(C2H5)2NC(=S)SK]. Subsequent interaction of aqueous solutions containing copper(II) ions with such a fragment leads to the formation of bis–(diethyldithiocarbamate)copper(II) on the surface of mixed sorbent. The resulting substances of the general composition [sorbent (activated carbon + kieselguhr)]∙{[(С2H5)2NC(=S)S]2Cu} were studied as thickeners and active polyfunctional components of the obtained plastic lubricants. Research into the tribological properties of new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants showed their high anti-wear and heat-resistant properties and the possibility of effective use in highly loaded friction nodes

Formation of intellectual property commercialization strategies

The object of research is the process that forms strategies and methods for effective commercialization of intellectual products at industrial enterprises. The problems of introducing intellectual property objects into the economic circulation in the field of industrial production have been analyzed. The most important of them are economic and managerial problems, which consist in the lack of necessary funding and are determined by the difficulty of assessing the market competitiveness of an intellectual product. Special attention was paid to market, technical-technological, and legal problems, the presence of which inhibits the development of the technological market and significantly affects the efficiency of intellectual and innovative activities. The presence of these problems predetermined the main goal of the study – to devise methods and strategies for the commercialization of intellectual property objects. Three basic strategies for the commercialization of intellectual products have been studied: the strategy of promoting an intellectual product, the strategy of diffusion of innovations, and the strategy of accumulating maximum income. Based on them, an integrated strategy for the commercialization of intelligent products for enterprises of the machine-building industry, which is oriented towards achieving the goals of maximizing the economic and social effect of the production of an intelligent product, was formed and substantiated. The main component of an integrated strategy is an organizational mechanism that provides investment support for innovative activities and scientific and consulting support for an intellectual product. The research results could be used to form programs of intellectual and innovative activity of industrial enterprises and would serve as a basis for further scientific research on these issues