Luminous Panel Research Articles

Rothko’s deep darkness

The paintings of artist, Mark Rothko (1903–1970), are considered in their religious dimension. The essay pursues the significance of Rothko’s words and works by moving from biographies and Rothko’s own writings to sites Rothko purportedly loved (e.g., Fra Angelico’s paintings at San Marco in Florence, Santa Maria Assunta on Torcello in Venice, Matisse’s Red Studio at the Museum of Modern Art). Moreover, the essay seeks to illuminate insight into the meaning of Rothko’s luminous panels (considering the artist’s claim to “paint reality”), and the reasoning behind his idiosyncratic instructions for installing his works low to the ground and in groups. The context of the Rothko Chapel (Houston, Texas) is also considered. Rothko’s Jewish heritage and education recall the “luminous cloud” of the Hebrew Bible, while his love for San Marco and Torcello evoke the all-encompassing beauty of Orthodox sacred spaces. Perhaps in these images Rothko saw glimpses of the reality he sought to paint and discovered a way to display his work and communicate its reality most effectively.

Design process in the urban context - Mobility and health in Special Flood Hazard Area

Resume In developing countries, unplanned urban growth, lack of infrastructure services, pollution, diseases, and flooding generate urgent needs. Floods cause diseases and damage to countries at all levels of development because they usually lack the preparedness for current climate variability. In Brazil, Municipal Civil Defense (JMCD) – in a 600,000 inhabitants city-, together with other city agencies, established a safe route (SRP) to be implemented during flood occurrences. This map is available for download as a PDF. This work aims to present the developed methodology, tools, and ways to design, in a collaborative way, a conceptual, innovative system model capable of bringing together needs like resilience, safety and sustainability, contributing to urban resilience, mobility, risks communication and health. Different design processes: design thinking, wayfinding system, signage, norms, and laws were used to create a dynamic conceptual design in the urban development. As a result, visual identity, pictograms icons, totems and luminous panels are presented. Luminous system is projected to be linked to rivers height (measured in hydrological gauging stations) to guide users to safe routes. The information technology which can link water height in rivers, to the different levels of flood in the designed system is not among the objectives of this study. Developing strategies to face the potential effects of climate change in the transportation sector poses a major significant challenge. Proper tools are required to prepare to change and provide meaningful environmental, health, social, and security solutions with the quickness the modern cities demand.

Brightness Model for Neutral Self-Luminous Stimuli and Backgrounds

ABSTRACTThe fundamental goal of color appearance research is to establish a correlation between the optical properties of stimuli and their corresponding perceptual attributes. Stimuli seen on a self-luminous background occur frequently in everyday situations when viewing lamps and luminaires, luminous panels with light emitting diodes (LEDs) and organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), traffic signals, and advertisements. In this article, the impact of the luminance of a neutral self-luminous background on the brightness perception of neutral self-luminous stimuli was investigated in a series of magnitude estimation experiments. A brightness model has been developed with the spectral radiance from stimulus and background as input. The cone excitations are calculated using the CIE 2006 10° cone fundamentals. Luminance adaptation to the background is included by adopting a background-dependent semisaturation constant in the Michaelis-Menten function modeling cone response compression. The performance of the model is very good if negative and positive contrast scenes are modeled independently.

Electroluminescent Materials Can Further Enhance the Nighttime Conspicuity of Pedestrians Wearing Retroreflective Materials.

We investigated the nighttime conspicuity benefits of adding electroluminescent (EL) panels to pedestrian clothing that contains retroreflective elements. Researchers have repeatedly documented that pedestrians are too often not sufficiently conspicuous to drivers at night and that retroreflective materials can enhance the conspicuity of pedestrians. However, because retroreflective elements in clothing are effective only when they are illuminated by the headlamps of an approaching driver, they are not useful for pedestrians who are positioned outside the beam pattern of an approaching vehicle's headlamps. Electroluminescent materials-flexible luminous panels that can be attached to clothing-have the potential to be well suited for these conditions. Using an open-road course at night, we compared the distances at which observers responded to pedestrians who were positioned at one of three lateral positions (relative to the vehicle's path) wearing one of two high-visibility garments. The garment that included both EL and retroreflective materials yielded longer response distances than the retroreflective-only garment. This effect was particularly strong when the test pedestrian was positioned farthest outside of the area illuminated by headlamps. These findings suggest that EL materials can further enhance the conspicuity of pedestrians who are wearing retroreflective materials. EL materials can be applied to garments. They may be especially valuable to enhance the conspicuity of roadway workers, emergency responders, and traffic control officers.

Development of an Agility Test for Badminton Players and Assessment of Its Validity and Test-Retest Reliability.

Badminton requires open and fast actions toward the shuttlecock, but there is no specific agility test for badminton players with specific movements. To develop an agility test that simultaneously assesses perception and motor capacity and examine the test's concurrent and construct validity and its test-retest reliability. The Badcamp agility test consists of running as fast as possible to 6 targets placed on the corners and middle points of a rectangular area (5.6 × 4.2 m) from the start position located in the center of it, following visual stimuli presented in a luminous panel. The authors recruited 43 badminton players (17-32 y old) to evaluate concurrent (with shuttle-run agility test--SRAT) and construct validity and test-retest reliability. Results revealed that Badcamp presents concurrent and construct validity, as its performance is strongly related to SRAT (ρ = 0.83, P < .001), with performance of experts being better than nonexpert players (P < .01). In addition, Badcamp is reliable, as no difference (P = .07) and a high intraclass correlation (ICC = .93) were found in the performance of the players on 2 different occasions. The findings indicate that Badcamp is an effective, valid, and reliable tool to measure agility, allowing coaches and athletic trainers to evaluate players' athletic condition and training effectiveness and possibly detect talented individuals in this sport.

An Experimental Study to Determine Proper Lighting Conditions in Powder Rooms

In this study, a mock powder room was installed with variable LED lighting environments in order to conduct the experiments. The experimental conditions include luminaire type, illuminance ratio, vertical illuminance and color temperatures. The evaluation methods used were the Semantic Differential Method and a subjective evaluation on activities through observation. The SD evaluation result factor analysis categorizes ideas into three factors: brightness, emotion, and glare. The vertical bracket or the combined luminaire (luminous panel+ Vertical bracket) has better brightness than luminous panel. A vertical illuminance of 500lx is not significantly difference as compared to 600lx, allowing 500lx to be considered standard. The emotional atmosphere is evaluated as being better at lower color temperature. The luminous panel is the best for reducing glare while the vertical bracket is the worst. The best conditions differ according to the illuminance ratio of the luminous panel and vertical bracket. In the subjective evaluation (satisfaction with lighting environment, suitability to activity) the combined luminaire and 4000K received the best evaluation.

表示板用導光板の光学設計に関する一考察

表示板用導光板の光学設計に関する一考察

光ファイバを用いた面光源の高輝度化検討

光ファイバを用いた面光源の高輝度化検討

光ファイバを用いた面発光パネル

光ファイバを用いた面発光パネル

特集 次世代画像技術 並進表示面を持つ体積走査型ディスプレイの開発とその応用

特集 次世代画像技術 並進表示面を持つ体積走査型ディスプレイの開発とその応用

An approximate calculation of interreflections in rooms with mixed diffuse-specular surfaces.

This paper discribes an approximate calculation method of interreflections in rooms with both diffuse and specular surfaces. The approximation is based on the assumption that surfaces with both diffues and specular reflections can be treated solely as uniform diffusers for all interreflections. For evaluation, luminous exitance is calculated by means of a digital computer for luminous panels of different sizes and rooms of different geometries. The results show that approximation errors are less than one percent.

Digital metering device with light-guide optics

Considerable success has been achieved at present in the application of light-guide fibers in the field of science and technology. The application of light-guide fibers is particularly promising in information-measuring and computer techniques. One of the basic requirements specified for computing systems with digital metering consists of the case of reading the results of computations and measurements. In this respect, the most promising digital metering devices reproduce their computed (measured) results directly in the form of a group of figures displayed "in line" on a luminous panel [1]. Existing digital metering mechanisms with a linear display are made in the form of mechanical or electrooptical devices (stroboscopic, projection, multielement with incandescent and neon lamps, luminescent and mosaic devices, as well as devices with transparent plates illuminated at their ends, figure-indicating lamps, etc.). These devices have such drawbacks as complicated structures, utilization of moving elements, insufficient brightness, or reproduction of figures with generally accepted configurations, the necessity of using auxiliary decoding circuits, limited angular vision in obtaining readings, cumbersome construction, large size, etc. [2,8]. The digital display device made from light-guide fibers uses a simple code, does not require decoding circuits, and provides figures with a generally accepted outline and the possibility of reading them rapidly and conveniently at considerable distances within a wide angle of vision. The figures have an adequate definition and brightness, and the device is economical to run and has a long life. The principle of operation of a digital display device made from light-guide fibers is illustrated in the figure. Digits of a given order from 0 to 9 are located in a rectangle of width B and height H, so that the outtine of each of them is reproduced by luminous lines which consist of the ends of illuminated fibers placed in a strictly de