The effect of a high-frequency low-temperature plasma of reduced pressure on the amorphouscrystalline structure and absorption-kinetic and capillary properties of cellulose are investigated. The following have been established: a change in the morphological structure of cellulose fiber, intensification of adhesion and the kinetics of capillary absorbability due to high-frequency low-temperature plasma modification of cellulose. The data obtained permit the conclusion on a possible increase in cellulose activity in the heterogeneous process of its treatment.