Low Surface Energy Modification Research Articles

Enhanced hydrophobic properties, wear and corrosion resistance of plasma electrolyte oxidation coatings on AZ31B magnesium alloys with addition of TiO2 nanoparticles

Nanocomposite coatings were fabricated on AZ31B magnesium alloy by means of plasma electrolyte oxidation (PEO) with the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles into the alkaline electrolyte, followed by low surface energy modification in the ethanol solution of lauric acid. The dual-layered nanocomposite PEO coatings composed of MgO, Mg2SiO4, anatase-TiO2, rutile-TiO2, and Mg2TiO4 were formed, and the TiO2 nanoparticles incorporated into the PEO coatings via both inertia and reactive modes. Besides, the penetration and adsorption of TiO2 nanoparticles created a distribution gradient in the coating thickness direction. The wear rate of the PEO coatings with TiO2 nanoparticles in 4 g/L was approximately 82 % lower than that of the bare substrate and approximately 39 % lower than that of the PEO coatings without TiO2 addition, respectively. The enhancement in wear resistance was due to the synergistic effect of the lower coefficient of friction (COF), the higher microhardness and the denser microstructure with finer micropores and less microcracks on the coatings than that of the TiO2-free coatings. Besides, the hydrophobic property was enhanced for the low surface energy modified PEO coatings with the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles in the electrolyte. Moreover, a significant enhancement in the corrosion resistance was achieved for the PEO coating with the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles in 4 g/L. It exhibited a higher corrosion inhibition efficiency and a lower corrosion rate than that in other concentrations and without TiO2 addition. The improvement in anti-corrosion property was originated from the formation of phases including TiO2 and Mg2TiO4 in the coating, and denser microstructure with better hydrophobic properties for the PEO coatings with TiO2 nanoparticles in 4 g/L compared with that in other concentrations. Accordingly, the hydrophobic, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant PEO coatings with TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited significant advantages in the field of Mg alloys protection.

One-step fabrication of multifunctional superhydrophobic copper surfaces via laser-assisted ablation PDMS solution

The super-hydrophobic surfaces have been greatly restricted in multi-functional applications because of the poor surface durability and multi-step processes such as preparing rough structures and low surface energy modification. In this work, a multifunctional wear-resistant super-hydrophobic surface (SHS) was primarily developed by one step laser etching polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) i.e. the uncured PDMS layer was laser-ablated just after it was coated on the surface of copper. The wettability, morphology and chemical composition of the surfaces were characterized by a contact Angle measuring instrument, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The results show that the developed SHS has the high contact angle (WCA) of 156.8° and low sliding angle (WSA) of 4.6°; which presents a regular linear grating array and a large number of coral-like rough structures, and the developed SHS can withstand at least 120 tape stripping tests, 40 sandpaper friction abrasion tests, 60 h of high temperature treatment (100 °C∼300 °C) or 240 h of ultraviolet light exposure tests, respectively. The self-cleaning rate and anti-fouling rate of the SHS were 94.2 % and 91.8 %, respectively, and the freezing time of droplets on the SHS is 162 s longer than that on the original copper surface, and almost 3 times longer than that on the smooth surface. In all, the non-polluting wear-resistant multifunctional SHS was primarily developed by laser ablation of metals and polymers, which has strong potential usage in the fields of anti-fouling of industrial pipeline systems and anti-icing of outdoor power transmission systems.

Fabrication of superamphiphobic micro-reentrant structures by inverted electrochemical deposition

Due to excellent oil resistance and shortened liquid-solid contact time, superamphiphobic surfaces have promising application prospects in oil transportation, and petroleum pollution control. Although superamphiphobic surfaces have been constructed on various substrates, there is still a lack of high-efficient methods for fabricating micro-reentrant structures on engineering metal substrates. This paper proposes a new method combining laser processing and inverted electrochemical deposition techniques to achieve high-efficient and large-scale fabrication of superamphiphobic surfaces on copper substrates. Firstly, micropillar array structures are constructed by laser processing, and the structures exhibit excellent superhydrophobicity after low surface energy modification. Then, inverted electrochemical deposition is performed after polishing the top of the array, and local angle of the gas/liquid interface can be controlled by adjusting the distance between the top of the micropillar and the electrolyte level, thus regulating micro-morphology of the roof structure. The influences of electrochemical deposition parameters on characteristics of the micro-reentrant structures are systematically investigated. Finally, superamphiphobic micro-reentrant structures (roof diameter > 190 μm, micropillar spacing <250 μm) with water and oil contact angles exceeding 150° are prepared after lowering the surface energy of the deposited structures. After anti-fouling, blowing, ultrasonic vibration, and tape adhesion tests, the prepared superamphiphobic micro-reentrant structures maintained good water and oil repellency, showing excellent chemical stability and durability. The research may provide a simple, efficient, and low-cost method for high-efficient constructing superamphiphobic surfaces on engineering metal substrates, enriching the fabrication techniques of micro-reentrant structures and facilitating their practical applications.

Fabrication of PDMS/FA superhydrophobic coatings and its self-cleaning and anti-icing performance

Superhydrophobic coatings have garnered immense attention in recent years. Nevertheless, the creation of superhydrophobic coatings is often associated with high production costs and comparatively intricate fabrication processes. In this paper, we utilize cheap and easily available ultrafine fly ash(FA) as the main raw material to replace the expensive filler substances traditionally used for constructing rough structures, and Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) as a low surface energy modification to construct FA-based superhydrophobic coatings by a simple spraying method. The PDMS/FA coating surface exhibits a water contact angle(WCA) of 157.65°and a water sliding angle(WSA) of 2.00° The irregular morphology of the FA is conducive to forming a rough texture on the coating surface, which captures more air, leading to the formation of a stable air layer. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide an insight into the anti-wetting mechanism of the superhydrophobic surface through an analysis of energetic and dynamic properties. PDMS/FA coatings remain superhydrophobic at 150 °C, in UV, and in varying pH environments. In addition, PDMS/FA coatings offer excellent mechanical, self-cleaning and anti-icing properties. This innovative approach to superhydrophobic coating, utilizing solid waste material as a basic material, demonstrates potential applicative value in fields such as self-cleaning and anti-icing.

Formation mechanism and properties of superhydrophobic surface of ship plate steel

Superhydrophobic surface of ship plate steel was constructed by chemical etching and low surface energy modification. Formation mechanism and properties of the superhydrophobic surface were investigated through SEM, FT-IR, electrochemical analysis and anti-icing evaluation. Corrosion and dissolution of ferrite creates a high-roughness surface with a micro-nano composite structure, and a monomolecular layer of low surface energy material covers steel surface through chelation coordination of stearic acid and Fe, which endows ship plate steel surface with superhydrophobicity. Compared with bare steel, the superhydrophobic surface shows high corrosion resistance, while 75.2% of surface icing is prevented, achieving the purpose of anti-water, anti-icing and corrosion resistance of ship plate steel. In addtion, the simple and cost-effective preparation technique is conducive to large-scale industrial applications in the future.

Construction of superhydrophobic tungsten carbide via laser processing and its thermal, chemical and mechanical properties

Designing microscale microstructures on superhard materials and achieving superhydrophobic surfaces through wettability adjustment have promising application prospects. However, current popular methods for preparing superhydrophobic surfaces have not designed and optimized the microstructures, and achieving superhydrophobicity on superhard materials using conventional industrial methods remains a tremendously challenge. Here, we propose a novel multiscale microstructure design on superhard tungsten carbide (WC) alloy material, achieved through laser processing, which exhibits superhydrophobicity after low surface energy modification. To ensure the designed microstructures possesses excellent mechanical strength and wettability, the influence of size parameters on mechanical strength and their relationship with wettability through finite element analysis (Abaqus) and characterization techniques were conducted. Based on the optimized robust multiscale structure, we also investigated the comprehensive properties of the superhydrophobic surface. The thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability of the WC superhydrophobic surface were explored through experiments involving temperature exposure, immersion in acid-base solutions, friction and wear tests. Our findings demonstrate that the superhydrophobic WC surface exhibits excellent temperature resistance over a wide range, maintaining superior water repellency even after prolonged exposure to chemical solutions and mechanical abrasion tests. In addition, the substrate's microstructure and SiO2 nanoparticles successfully replicated on the optical glass surface through molding technology, creating a consistently superhydrophobic glass microstructure. This work provides a new perspective for designing superhard alloy materials with robust microstructures and offers potential for a series of applications, such as mold, semiconductor and solar cell.

Ultrasonic cavitation strengthening and generation of superhydrophobicity for the surface of in situ (ZrB2 + Al2O3)/AA6016 matrix composite

To enhance the operating stability and durability of the aluminum matrix composite, the superhydrophobic surface is constructed on the substrate of in situ ZrB2 and Al2O3 nano-particle reinforced AA6016 matrix composite. The method incorporating ultrasonic cavitation treatment and low surface energy modification is applied. The performance of the obtained superhydrophobic surface is investigated through comprehensively analyzing micro and nano surface structures, roughness, water contact angle, chemical composition, and mechanical property. The results indicate that the water contact angle and water sliding angle of the specimen treated with cavitation for 9 min and then modified with fluorosilane attain 163.8° and 7.3°, respectively. High superhydrophobicity is accomplished. Long exposure to ultrasonic cavitation treatment results in the shift from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity. The presence of particle-reinforced phases induces a pinning effect, causing the accumulation and entanglement of dislocations beneath the surface. This phenomenon leads to a 64.7 % increase in surface hardness, and the thickness of the work hardening layer reaches about 300 μm. The obtained conclusions shed light on the preparation of superhydrophobic surface for the aluminum matrix composite, and the application of aluminum matrix composites in harsh environment is expected to be broadened.

Novel superhydrophobic sponge with flower-like architecture for oily emulsion separation and organic pollutants photodegradation

Design functionalized absorbent materials that fulfillment complex requirements in sophisticated water-treatment fields remains challenging. In this paper, a novel superhydrophobic/superoleophilic sponge with flower-like channel structures and a photodegradation functionality was fabricated via in-situ chelation of zinc oxide (ZnO) and nano-Ag particles. After low surface energy modification with POTS, the as-prepared sponge displayed remarkable superwettability, with a water contact angle (WCA) of 158.8° ± 1.3°. This endowed it with the ultrafast, selective absorption of diverse oils that are 33.9–135.2 times of their own weight. The prepared sponge’s emulsified oil separation efficiency can reach 99.87%, owing to its superhydrophobic/superoleophilic properties and the electrostatic attraction demulsification, guiding effect of ZnO layer crystal plane. Furthermore, the construction of Schottky barrier at the ZnO@Ag interface reduced the recombination rate of photoexcited electrons and electron-holes. Thereby, the prepared sponge’s photodegradation efficiency reached up to 97.07% after 4 h sunlight irradiation. Notably, the stress attenuation of the prepared sponge was only 14.6% after 100 absorption cycles, indicating its excellent mechanical stability. Moreover, the prepared sponge showed excellent environmental tolerance under severe conditions with its WCA stably exceeding 150.0°. Thus, this durable superwetting sponge can be effectively used for oil/water emulsion separation and organic pollutant degradation.

Study on Friction and Wear Characteristics of Axial Piston Pump Valve Plate Pairs Modified with Different Surface Energies

To explore the friction and wear performance of the valve pair with different wetting combinations under various working conditions in hydraulic oil lubrication, a low surface energy modification method was adopted in this paper to improve the surface wettability of the upper sample composed of SAF2507 and the lower sample composed of CFRPEEK, and to prepare valve plate pairs with different wetting combinations. The MMU-5G friction and wear testing machine was used to investigate its friction and wear characteristics under hydraulic oil lubrication. The results show that the surface free energy of SAF2507 and CFRPEEK decreased significantly after the treatment with a low surface energy solution, and the surface free energy of the upper and lower samples decreased by 41.9% and 42.2%, respectively. The oil contact angle of samples remained lipophilic, but the oil contact angle increased significantly. Under the working condition of low speed (800 r/min), the surface wettability of the valve plate pair has a great influence on its friction and wear characteristics. When operating at high speed (1200 r/min), the surface wettability of the valve plate pair has little influence on its friction and wear characteristics.

Fabrication and Energy Collection of Superhydrophobic Ultra‐Stretchable Film

AbstractSuperhydrophobic surfaces have broad application prospects in various fields due to their special surface wettability. However, most artificial superhydrophobic surfaces are fabricated on rigid substrates or flexible substrates with low deformability, and their performance is difficult to guarantee when a large deformation occurs, hindering further application. Here, a superhydrophobic ultra‐stretchable (SU) film is fabricated by simple template replication and low surface energy modification method using the mixture of vulcanized natural latex (VNR) and silicone emulsion as raw material. The prepared SU film exhibits excellent elasticity and wettability stability and can maintain good superhydrophobicity even after 500% tensile strain. Moreover, droplets dropped on the SU film are bounced in time without any residue, avoiding the accumulation of droplets on the film. Finally, a magnetoelectric generator composed of a SU film and an electromagnetic system are developed to realize the efficient utilization and conversion of droplet energy via droplet impacting and bouncing behavior.

Water collection and transportation on superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic bioinspired heterogeneous wettability surface

In recent years, the ability of superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic bioinspired heterogeneous wettability (SSBHW) surfaces to collect freshwater has gained significant attention due to their potential to mitigate water scarcity. Inspired by nature’s creatures, this paper presents an SSBHW surface that can efficiently collect freshwater resources from the atmosphere, drawing inspiration from cactus needles and spider silk spindles. The superhydrophobic (SHO) surface was prepared by wet etching and low surface energy modification on copper surface. Based on the SHO surface, the superhydrophilic (SHI) patterns consisting of spindle-shaped and wedge-shaped were constructed by laser ablation. The prepared SHI pattern was not only trapped airborne droplets but also enabled the directional transport of droplets. To enhance the efficiency of water collection, the smaller spindle-shaped pattern spacing in the SHO region was designed, which help to transport the condensed water quickly towards the SHI region because of the surface energy gradient force. The synergistic effect between the advantages offered by the SHO and SHI surfaces results in a significant improvement in water collection efficiency. The water collection efficiency of the SSBHW surface is 870 mg cm−2 h−1, which is 3.32 and 2.2 times higher than that of the SHI and SHO surfaces, respectively. In addition, the mechanism of enhancement of the moisture harvesting behavior of inhomogeneous wettable surfaces was analyzed. This work provides a new strategy for the study of catchment surfaces, making it an effective solution for obtaining fresh water resources in arid regions.

Generation of superhydrophobicity on surface of multiphase aluminum alloy through the combination of ultrasonic cavitation treatment and surface modification

The presented study aims to develop a method that combines ultrasonic cavitation and fluorosilane modification for producing superhydrophobic surface on the aluminum alloy substrate. Micro-nano structures are induced through cavitation erosion at different exposure time, and the samples are further modified using a low surface energy modification method. The results show that ultrasonic cavitation is effective for preparing the surface structures required for superhydrophobicity. The water contact angle of about 140° is obtained through an ultrasonic cavitation treatment of 60 min. After surface modification with fluorosilane, the water contact angle increases to 162.5°, and the water sliding angle is reduced to 3.5°. The microscopic phases with high hardness on the aluminum alloy surface are retained, while the microscopic phases with low hardness are removed. Furthermore, the surface hardness is improved by more than 30 %, and work hardening layers of about 200 µm in thickness are produced beneath the target surface.

A facile and high-efficient method to fabricate slippery liquid-infused porous surface with enhanced functionality

Inspired by Nepenthes pitcher, slippery liquid-infused porous surface (SLIPS) has been extensively investigated owing to its potential applications required for water repellence. However, the existing preparation methods for SLIPS involve complicated processing technologies and toxic chemical reagents, which seriously restricts practical applications. Herein, we prepared the SLIPS on Al substrates by nanosecond pulsed laser ablation, low surface energy modification, and infusion of lubricant. The optimal laser parameters for the preparation of the SLIPS were explored. The as-prepared SLIPS showed good slippery performance with a sliding angle smaller than 5° for various liquids. A series of performance tests, including knife scratching, repeated tape peeling off, sandpaper abrasion, heating, hot water jet impacting, and long-term water immersion, were conducted to investigate the mechanical strength and durability of the prepared SLIPS, and the SLIPS showed high mechanical strength and good durability. Moreover, the fabricated SLIPS could also resist corrosion solution, avoid contamination, protect the substrates against freezing rain and have superior water collection efficiency in moist environments. Thanks to the excellent performances, the prepared SLIPS has promising potential for practical applications.

Achieving superhydrophobicity of the FeCoCrMnNi surface via synergistic laser texturing and low temperature annealing

Superhydrophobic surfaces are highly desirable due to their remarkable water-repellent behavior. Laser texturing with subsequent low surface energy modification is a versatile strategy for creating such surfaces. In this study, via synergistic laser texturing and low temperature annealing, superhydrophobicity was first attempted to be achieved on the FeCoCrMnNi surface. By optimizing the laser parameters, the arrays with large depth-to-width ratios were constructed. Subsequently, by annealing at a low temperature, the transition process from superhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity was successfully achieved on the FeCoCrMnNi surface. The effects of the hatching interval on the wettability were investigated, and the mechanism of wettability transition for FeCoCrMnNi was discussed. According to the experimental results and analysis, the textured surfaces exhibited excellent superhydrophobicity at different hatching intervals and a maximum contact angle of 165° was obtained. Furthermore, the created superhydrophobic surfaces possessed good liquid capture and self-cleaning capabilities and enabled magnification for optical imaging. The wettability transition after low temperature annealing was attributed to the absorption of airborne organic compounds. This study provides an efficient, clean, and versatile strategy to achieve superhydrophobicity of the FeCoCrMnNi surface by laser processing.

Antiadhesion Superhydrophobic Bipolar Electrocoagulation Tweezers with High Conductivity and Stability.

Irregularly shaped electrosurgical devices face significant challenges in electrosurgery due to serious blood and tissue adhesion. Superhydrophobic surfaces inspired by lotus leaves have attracted great attention for their promising antiadhesion properties. However, there are few methods for efficiently preparing superhydrophobic irregularly shaped bipolar electrocoagulation tweezers (BETs). Herein, we propose a simple and environmentally friendly method to fabricate antiadhesion superhydrophobic surfaces on BETs. The superhydrophobicity is obtained by combining laser texturing to form rough structures and low surface energy modification via stearic acid. The formation mechanism of superhydrophobicity is investigated through analyzing microstructures and chemical compositions by scanning electron microscopy, white-light interferometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The functionalized BET surfaces exhibit excellent water repellency with a contact angle of 159.6°, a roll-off angle of 1°, and a surface energy of 14.3 mJ/m2, possessing excellent antiadhesion properties against blood, chicken breast tissue, and pork tissue. Compared with ordinary BETs, the mass of blood, pork tissue, and chicken breast tissue adhered to the superhydrophobic BET is reduced by 97.70, 70.34, and 75.35%, respectively. Moreover, the superhydrophobic BETs have excellent conductivity and maintain good antiadhesion properties after low-temperature storage for 2 weeks, after being impacted by sand and blood and 30 cycles of tape peeling tests. With outstanding antiadhesion performance, the superhydrophobic BET may have promising application prospects in the electrosurgery field.

Fabrication and Experimental Study of Micro/Sub-Micro Porous Copper Coating for Anti-Icing Application.

Micro and sub-micro-spherical copper powder slurries were elaborately prepared to fabricate different types of porous coating surfaces. These surfaces were further treated with low surface energy modification to obtain the superhydrophobic and slippery capacity. The surface wettability and chemical component were measured. The results showed that both the micro and sub-micro porous coating layer greatly increased the water-repellence capability of the substrate compared with the bare copper plate. Notably, the PFDTES-fluorinated coating surfaces yielded superhydrophobic ability against water under 0 °C with a contact angle of ~150° and a contact angle of hysteresis of ~7°. The contact angle results showed that the water repellency of the coating surface deteriorated with decreasing temperature from 10 °C to -20 °C, and the reason was probably recognized as the vapor condensation in the sub-cooled porous layer. The anti-icing test showed that the ice adhesion strengths of the micro and sub-micro-coated surfaces were 38.5 kPa and 30.2 kPa, producing a 62.8% and 72.7% decrease compared to the bare plate. The PFDTES-fluorinated and slippery liquid-infused porous coating surfaces both produced ultra-low ice adhesion strengths of 11.5-15.7 kPa compared with the other non-treated surfaces, which showed prominent properties for anti-icing and deicing requirement of the metallic surface.

Simple Method to Generate Droplets Spontaneously by a Superhydrophobic Double-Layer Split Nozzle.

Given the problems of traditional droplet generation devices, such as the complex structure and processing technology, difficulty in droplet separation, and low transfer accuracy, we propose a low-adhesion superhydrophobic double-layer split nozzle (SDSN). It realizes spontaneous droplet generation by using an interfacial tension force inside the micro-hole to drive the droplet snap-off. It successfully achieves stable and highly consistent droplets on the micrometer-scale circular micro-hole. Droplets with a volume in the range of 0.65-1.75 ± 0.007 μL can be precisely achieved by adjusting the hole size of the SDSN from 100 to 500 μm. The SDSN is prepared by conventional mechanical drilling, chemical etching, and low surface energy modification. Compared with traditional droplet generation devices, no photolithography process is required, and the cost is lower. Moreover, the droplets can be obtained directly without any post-processing, avoiding the problem of separating droplets from another solution. The stability of SDSN is good, and the droplet volume is not affected by the fluctuation of external conditions. The rate of droplet generation can be freely adjusted by adjusting the speed of the electronic microinjection pump without affecting the droplet volume. It enables efficient droplet transfer without liquid residue, which improves the transfer accuracy and helps to save the use of expensive reagents. This simple but effective structure will be of great help to make breakthroughs in next-generation spontaneous droplet generation, liquid transport, and digital microfluidic devices.

ZnO nanoparticles coated and stearic acid modified superhydrophobic chitosan film for self-cleaning and oil–water separation

The aim of this study was to prepare superhydrophobic chitosan films using a ZnO nanoparticle coating and stearic acid hydrophobic modification. A 1 % concentration of ZnO nanoparticles and a 1 % concentration of stearic acid generated a superhydrophobic film with the largest contact angle (WCA) of 156°, which was attributed to the synergy of micro/nano-level hierarchical structure and low surface energy modification. The superhydrophobic film showed better stability to acid, alkali, heat, and UV irradiation than a neat chitosan film and a reduction in light transmittance of 14.4 % at 354 nm. The superhydrophobic chitosan film also showed excellent self-cleaning and oil–water separation performance. Our findings will expand the application of chitosan films in food packaging, outdoor self-cleaning materials and oil–water separations.

An extremely efficiency method to achieve stable superhydrophobicity on the surface of additive manufactured NiTi Alloys: “Ultrasonic Fluorination”

The realization of superhydrophobic helps to enhance the anti-corrosion, self-cleaning and other properties of the material surface. Compared with polymer materials, metallic have superior strength, hardness and stability in superhydrophobicity. For most metals, the standard superhydrophobic treatment method is a combination of micro-nano hierarchical structure and low surface energy modification Herein, SLM-NiTi with broad application prospects in biomedical and engineering fields is selected for the first time. The nanosecond laser processing method was used to construct the surface with the micro-nano hierarchical structure, and a new low surface energy modification method (ultrasonic fluorination) was innovatively proposed. Ultimately, a stable superhydrophobic surface of SLM-NiTi was successfully achieved. The results show that ultrasonic fluorination treatment can achieve surface modification in only 10 min, which is far more efficient than other low surface energy treatment methods. Simultaneously, it is found that the realization of superhydrophobicity of metallic surfaces depends on the nanosecond laser process parameters. Moreover, the frictional stability and durability of the surfaces are also demonstrated, which inspired new applications in extreme environments. We envision this work not just for SLM-NiTi alloys but for broadly applicable in various metals, dramatically improving the period for realizing superhydrophobic functions on metallic surfaces.

Multifunctional superhydrophobic copper mesh for efficient oil/water separation and fog collection

Exploration of functional materials for use in water treatment is one global requirement for protecting life and the environment. However, the state-of-the-art the materials used in oil/water separation and water harvesting still face challenges such as complicated processing steps, poor microstructure controllability and small-scale preparation. Here, a novel wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) strategy is introduced to fabricate a functional copper mesh by cross machining both sides of the substrate, followed by a one-step low surface energy modification. The WEDM process makes the three-dimensional micro-nano structures can be well protected, and the low energy modification renders the surfaces superhydrophobic. The surfaces with micro-nano structures exhibited excellent superhydrophobicity (WCA≈158.8° and RA≈2°) and high durability towards mechanical abrasion (>100 cycles) and ultraviolet irradiation (>152° for 24 h). For various light/heavy oil/water mixtures, the separation efficiency of the meshes reached 98.1%, and the oil flux could reach 128.5 kL /(mm2·h). The superhydrophobic mesh could realize a highly efficient fog collection [12.0 L/(m2·h)], which was 390% and 830% higher than those treated by WEDM and the untreated copper plates, respectively. Therefore, we expect that the multifunctional superhydrophobic meshes may serve as a promising candidate for alleviating the water pollution and shortage.