Introduction: Sustainable architecture is a design and construction approach that seeks to reduce human impact on the environment and promote a more sustainable future. It is based on the use of environmentally friendly materials, energy efficiency, and adaptability to the changing needs of users and the environment. The One Health approach views sustainable architecture as a fundamental pillar in the ambition to achieve a comprehensive and holistic approach to minimize the environmental impact of buildings and improve the quality of life of their occupants.Objective: To analyze sustainable architecture from a One Health approach.Methods: 67 articles were identified, of which 25 were included, more than 75% from the last 3 years. These articles were sourced from academic search engines such as PubMed, MedLine, Ovid, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar.Development: Green building strategies, the use of non-toxic materials, and the integration of green spaces not only reduce environmental impact but also promote the physical and mental health of residents while preserving surrounding ecosystems. However, their implementation requires multidisciplinary collaboration, coherent public policies, and greater social awareness to scale effective solutions.Conclusions: The review highlights how sustainable architecture, aligned with OneHealth, can mitigate global crises such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and emerging diseases.

Interactions of multiple abiotic stresses exacerbate mollusk diversity loss in a high-discharge coastal mangrove wetland.

Generating societal value from natural capital on corporate-owned land: a real estate case study from Mauritius.

Historical and future water quality risks driven by climate change: Strategic management and overcoming challenges.

Review: European consumers' attitudes towards the benefits of reducing meat consumption - the role of diverse and interconnected drivers.

Are intertidal habitats keeping up with nutrient export? Insights from modelling climate and management scenarios.

Effective decoupling of mutations and the resulting loss of biodiversity caused by environmental change.

Disentangling adaptive strategies of eukaryotic phytoplankton to environmental stressors in the sediment-laden Yellow River: A multi-method perspective from eDNA and morphology.

Promising governance approaches for reversing biodiversity loss

ABSTRACT Forest restoration is essential for reversing biodiversity loss and enhancing ecosystem services. While its ecological dimensions are well recorded, the societal aspects, particularly public support, remain underexplored. This study examines the factors influencing public support for forest restoration in Sweden and Spain, two regions with distinct ecological and socio-cultural contexts. Drawing on a standardised survey (n = 241) and a generalised linear model (GLM), we analyse the influence of socio-demographic, behavioural, and perception-based factors. The findings reveal contrasting age-related patterns: older individuals in Sweden show greater support for restoration, while younger individuals are more supportive in Spain. Longer travel times to forests are associated with reduced support, especially in Sweden. Positive perceptions of forest benefits, including biodiversity, risk mitigation and recreation, enhance support, whereas perceptions of forest exploitation are linked to reduced support, particularly in Spain. These results underscore the need for context-sensitive communication and engagement strategies. Tailoring policy measures to local perceptions and values is vital for fostering public participation and ensuring the success of forest restoration initiatives.

Wetlands are essential components of biological systems that provide several ecological services. Urban Wetland (UW)settings enhance city resilience by enhancing water purity, sequestering carbon, offering homes for animals, mitigating heat-island(HI)impacts, and offering recreational possibilities. Nonetheless, the preservation of UWenvironments encounters several obstacles, including diminished hydrological processes, altered water cycles resulting from barriers, pollution from waterways, habitat degradation owing to land-use changes, and biodiversity decline due to the introduction of invasive species. The article examines the theoretical framework of UW, including its ecological, economic, and cultural significance (EECS) andsusceptibility. This biodiversity governs the local environment, carbon storage, fuelwood supply, fishery-related enterprises, and other ecological,social,and economic factors. Furthermore, UWprovidesother biological functions, such as preserving the purity of water via sedimentation and nutrient retention. Globally, wetlands face several challenges, both man-made and natural.

Agri-Environment Measures (AEM) are the primary policy tools under the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy to combat farmland biodiversity loss, yet their effectiveness is highly variable. This synthesis paper summarizes findings of a doctoral thesis investigating drivers of variation in modelled biodiversity responses to AEM: (1) the use of different land-use intensity (LUI) metrics, (2) the types of AEM and their species-specific scale of effect, (3) landscape structural complexity across different regions. First, virtual species (i.e. species with known species-environment relationships) were used to explore how using alternative LUI metrics in biodiversity models influences the estimated species-AEM relationships. Second, bird observations for the Mulde River Basin in Germany were used to model farmland bird responses to different AEM across scales. These relationships varied across species and AEM type, but were generally strongest at the landscape level as compared to locally. Lastly, landscape-moderated effects of AEM on red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio) occurrences were analyzed across three study regions in Germany, Spain and Czechia. Positive shrike-AEM associations were stronger in structurally simple compared to complex landscapes, but this effect was inconsistent across regions. These findings exemplify species-, scale- and landscape-dependent AEM effects, and support AEM’s spatial targeting and regional tailoring.

The European weatherfish Misgurnus fossilis , once widespread across Eurasia, is now critically endangered in Flanders (Belgium), prompting the establishment of a captive breeding programme as part of conservation efforts. During rearing, juvenile weatherfish suffered heavy infections from the ectoparasitic flatworm Gyrodactylus fossilis , leading to mortality events. Although G. fossilis is a natural parasite of M. fossilis , high host densities in hatchery conditions facilitated pathological infection intensities, while adult fish maintained at lower densities showed no visible pathology. This suggests that husbandry practices strongly modulate dynamics of this host–parasite system in captivity. To place these observations in a historical context, we screened both captive-bred fish and archival material (1881–1973, i.e. prior to the anthropogenic introduction of Asian congeners in Misgurnus ) for ectoparasites. Morphological and molecular characterisation revealed infections of three monopisthocotylan flatworms: G. fossilis, Gyrodactylus misgurni (Gyrodactylidae), and Actinocleidus cruciatus (Dactylogyridae). All represent new records for Belgium, with G. misgurni and A. cruciatus considered native due to their occurrence in historical material. Notably, these parasites’ abundance has declined compared to historical collections, raising concerns about their own conservation status. Since parasites contribute substantially to species-richness, ecosystem functioning, and even the health of their host individuals and populations (e.g., their immunological development and resilience) their co-decline alongside endangered hosts represents a hidden and meaningful dimension of biodiversity loss. Our findings highlight both risks and opportunities associated with parasite conservation in ex situ programmes focused on fishes or other vertebrate hosts. High juvenile stocking densities increased parasite burdens and mortality, while improved husbandry practices allowed stable co-existence of host and parasite populations. This indicates that carefully managed captive breeding facilities may act as refugia not only for M. fossilis but also for its specialist parasites, maintaining ecological interactions and genetic diversity that would otherwise be lost. While parasites are often overlooked or actively eliminated in wildlife management, they play essential roles in ecosystems and represent species of conservation concern in their own right. These results emphasise the possibility of including parasites in conservation planning. For the weatherfish and its parasites, ex situ conservation thus provides an experimental framework for developing integrated strategies that safeguard both host and parasite persistence. Future reintroduction initiatives should therefore consider whether to also re-establish native parasite populations, a decision that requires informed discussion among conservation stakeholders. By demonstrating the feasibility of host–parasite co-conservation, this study advances the idea that conservation programmes can optimise resource allocation while preserving the evolutionary and ecological relationships of multiple species simultaneously. This research was funded by an International Coordination Action grant of the Research Foundation – Flanders (G0ADU24N), by the AfroWetMaP project of the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (4255-FED-tWIN-G3 program, Prf-2022-049) and by the European Life-program (Life-B4B). We gratefully acknowledge the support of Olivier Pauwels, curator of the vertebrate collections at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences.

Climate change poses a severe long-term threat to endemic species. Ecologists must have a comprehensive understanding of habitat suitability and environmental variables that control their distribution to minimize biodiversity loss and improve conservation strategies effectively. The MaxEnt model is commonly applied to predict species distribution based on occurrence data and environmental variables. This study investigated the suitable habitats of the endemic Quercus afares in Algeria, evaluated shifts in its range under climate change scenarios and identified the key ecological factors determining its distribution. The results showed that the Area Under the Curve (AUC = 0.992) indicated excellent performance of our MaxEnt model. The major environmental predictor for Quercus afares was the Martonne aridity index (Idm), which had the most useful information. Future scenarios indicate that the highly suitable habitat for Quercus afares is expected to range between 0.2% and 0.14%. The average elevation of suitable habitat changes according to each climate scenario, ranging from 1,086.5 to 1,276.5m. The highly suitable habitat shifts towards the northeast in most future climate scenarios. Our findings represent a decision support tool and contribute to developing effective conservation and management measures of Quercus afares in Algeria.

Food security has been a top priority for the Cuban State since 2011; however, it is exposed to various critical factors: insufficient domestic food production, limited access to food in the international market, degradation of natural resources, and loss of biodiversity (FAO, 2013). Various social issues affect local agricultural development. The migration of young people to more developed areas leads to a reduction in the agricultural workforce, population aging, rising food prices, and the need for training of producers who gain access to land for its proper management (Munster, 2016). To analyze the impact of the use of best practices defined by the Local Agricultural Innovation Project (PIAL, Spanish acronym), a study was carried out with a sample of 25 farming families in the municipality of Pinar del Río, Cuba, for the period 2020-2024. The research methods were the following: bibliographic review, interviews with families, and workshops with domain experts. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the application of these best practices in the agricultural sector, assessing the results in the sociocultural, economic, and productive areas; knowledge management; and women's participation and leadership (Ortiz et al., 2015). The aspects analyzed include food security and sovereignty, efficiency of integrated productive systems, and quality of life, with a focus on gender equity and female leadership. The results show that the use of the best agroecological practices in the productive sector allowed an average monthly increase of about 5000.00 Cuban pesos per family. Substantial changes are observed in the recovery of the agrarian culture at the level of families, children, and youth. All the men and women from the 25 families received training on topics relevant to their interests, resulting in increased autonomy, empowerment, and leadership of women in the local development of these rural communities.

This study examines the influence of soil types on building construction in Khana Local Government Area (LGA) of Rivers State, Nigeria, and evaluates the implications for environmental economics and environmental sustainability. A mixed-methods survey design was adopted, involving laboratory analysis of soil samples focusing on grain size distribution, plasticity index, and shear strength and a questionnaire administered to 400 construction professionals, of which 320 responses were returned. Soil analysis revealed predominantly clay, sandy, and loamy soils, each posing distinct challenges for structural stability, foundation performance, and environmental impacts such as erosion, settlement, and biodiversity loss. Questionnaire findings indicate that soil-related construction failures increase environmental costs, reduce structural durability, and elevate long-term economic burdens. Sustainable practices such as soil-appropriate foundation designs, erosion control measures, rainwater harvesting, and the use of eco-friendly building materials were identified as effective mitigation strategies with economic and ecological benefits, including cost savings, reduced degradation, and improved public health. The study concludes that integrating soil science into construction planning is critical for sustainable development in Khana LGA and recommends strengthened building codes, enhanced professional training, sustainable material adoption, and GIS-based geotechnical mapping to improve construction outcomes and minimize environmental risks.

Abstract Corresponding with the accelerating crises of climate and biodiversity loss has been a call in contemporary environmentalism to think and act at planetary scales to address a planetary problem. One prominent proposal, stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), would attempt to replicate the cooling effect of volcanic eruptions by tactically injecting reflective particles into the atmosphere in an attempt to reverse global warming. This article first constructs a new case for SAI on behalf of the wild, an idea that has appeared in passing within several influential arguments for solar engineering but has not received widespread endorsement. I then introduce the reader to Aldo Leopold’s land ethic and defend one interpretation that is supported by mainstream interpreters in the literature, drawing the reader’s attention to the important role that a human/nature parallel plays in Leopold’s moral reasoning and the value he places on preserving biodiversity. Then, I apply this framework to SAI and argue that it poses an intractable dilemma for ‘geoengineering for the wild.’ I provide a novel reading of Leopold’s famous essay “Thinking Like a Mountain” and argue it illustrates the importance of two distinct forms of intellectual humility in his thought. Then, I present the dilemma. It appears when one answers a simple question: is it better for SAI to “work” or “fail?” As I will discuss, this question is too simple, but it is revealing. I will argue in what follows that from a Leopoldian outlook both success and failure in solar geoengineering should deeply trouble us. This constitutes 'the climate engineer's dilemma.'

Soil salinity affects large areas of the world and results in horticultural and biodiversity losses in tropical regions. Garcinia humilis (Vahl) C.D. Adams, fam. Clusiaceae, commonly known as achachairu, is a neotropical evergreen fruit tree native to the Amazonian forests in Bolivia. Its tolerance and responses to soil salinity exclusive of other stressors and within a range of salinity levels have not been reported. This study assessed the physiological, biochemical, and morphological responses of G. humilis to different levels of elevated soil salinity induced by saline irrigation. Physiological variables measured included net CO2 assimilation (An), stomatal conductance of H2O (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration, leaf chlorophyll index (LCI), and the ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm). Leaf and root nutrient analyses were performed to assess nutrient imbalances and the accumulation of toxic ions. Antioxidant responses, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, ascorbic acid, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione, and glutathione reductase; reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical; and lipid peroxidation as indicated by malonaldehyde were also measured. The results indicate that G. humilis tolerates elevated soil salinity induced by saline irrigation with an electrical conductivity of at least 6 dS m−1, which results in stress responses without fatal consequences. Soil salinity induced by saline irrigation of 6 dS m−1 reduced An and gs by approximately 50% during a 30-day period, but there was no evidence of physiological damage based on the LCI or Fv/Fm. The levels of Na+ and Cl− did not reach toxic levels, and the plants were able to prevent damaging imbalances of plant nutrients, indicating an ion-avoidance strategy. Increased antioxidant response to soil salinity induced by saline irrigation possibly prevented ROS and lipid peroxidation damage. G. humilis appears to be moderately tolerant of soil salinity induced by saline irrigation of at least 30 days at 6 dS m−1.

Climate change and biodiversity loss threaten terrestrial productivity. Mitigating productivity loss from interactions between these global change drivers requires a mechanistic understanding of the forces generating productivity benefits from species richness (i.e., overyielding). Progress has been limited by two challenges: i) individual mechanisms can be highly context-dependent, yet multiple mechanisms can produce similar responses to functional diversity loss or altered climate, and ii) most experiments test short-term weather events rather than sustained changes in precipitation. We address these limitations using direct tests of multiple mechanisms within a sustained, full factorial manipulation of plant richness, composition, and precipitation within experimental grasslands. Precipitation consistently increased overyielding, as yield declined in monocultures and increased in polycultures, consistent with greater specialist pathogen accumulation in mesic conditions. Resource partitioning and specialist pathogen dilution-estimated from physiochemical trait dissimilarity and soil pathogen dissimilarity-were positive predictors of overyielding, relationships that strengthened over time. Moreover, overyielding was best explained by the joint influence of resource acquisition traits and pathogen dissimilarities, indicating that multiple mechanisms generated productivity responses to richness. These two mechanisms can explain the robust findings across systems that productivity increases with plant biodiversity. Our findings predict that biodiversity loss will be most damaging in wetter climates, where pathogen dilution amplifies the benefits of diversity.

ARTICLE HIGLIGHTS• Reviews global ballast water management for ecological sustainability• Integrates technological, policy, and social perspectives• Links ballast water control to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)• Identifies hybrid treatment systems as most effective and eco-safe• Proposes strategies for harmonized global compliance and cooperationABSTRACTBallast water is crucial for the stability and safety of ships but poses significant environmental, economic, and public health risks due to the introduction of invasive species, pathogens, and pollutants into marine ecosystems. This review explores the ecological impacts of ballast water discharge, including biodiversity loss, ecosystem disruption, and public health threats from pathogens and harmful algal blooms. Economic consequences, such as damage to fisheries, aquaculture, and coastal infrastructure, are discussed, along with the social impacts on communities reliant on marine resources. Existing regulatory frameworks, such as the International Maritime Organization's Ballast Water Management Convention, and national policies aim to mitigate these challenges but face implementation and enforcement hurdles. Advancements in treatment technologies are reviewed, including mechanical, chemical, physical, and emerging methods like advanced oxidation processes, electrochlorination, and nanotechnology. Integrated treatment systems are highlighted for their potential to address the limitations of single-method approaches. Case studies illustrate successful implementations, while challenges in cost, scalability, and compliance are identified. The review emphasizes the alignment of ballast water management practices with sustainable development goals, advocating for innovation, international collaboration, and capacity building to enhance effectiveness. Future directions include the optimization of treatment technologies, harmonization of regulations, and incentivization of compliance to achieve global environmental and economic resilience. This review underscores the urgency of advancing sustainable ballast water management to protect marine ecosystems, support coastal economies, and promote public health worldwide.