Long-term Leadership Research Articles

MANAGEMENT OF BUSINESS ECOSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN THE FORMATION OF ORGANIZED COMMODITY MARKETS

Modern business tends to cooperate and collaborate as the conditions of its functioning become increasingly complex and require new approaches to strategies, especially in wartime. These relationships align with the concept of business ecosystem management, which has attracted significant attention from researchers in recent years. In such interdependent structures, ways can be found to optimize performance, increase sustainability, and develop innovation, which is critical for the effective management and prosperity of business entities in today's unstable environment. The study focuses on elaborating the authors' opinions on the essence of the concepts of "business ecosystem" and "commodity market". Scholars have drawn attention to the different understandings of the "business ecosystem” concept. The authors also present their vision of the concept of "entrepreneurial business ecosystems", which is that they are diverse and interconnected dynamic groups of entrepreneurs based on the talents and skills of employees, long-term leadership, fair competition, and success in new ventures for greater mobility, growth of commodity markets and the ability to transform new ideas into innovations. The methodology for conducting a SWOT analysis of the impact of the business ecosystem on the formation of organized commodity markets is revealed. The strengths and weaknesses of the business ecosystem are identified and characterized, which positively or negatively affect their performance. For each component of the business ecosystem, the opportunities and threats that can both facilitate and impede their development in wartime are identified. An expert assessment of the interaction of strengths and weaknesses, as well as opportunities and threats to the functioning of business ecosystems in the formation of organized commodity markets, is carried out. A SWOT analysis matrix of the strategy for organizing a business ecosystem in forming organized commodity markets is derived on this basis. Obtained results can be used to determine the strategic priorities for developing the business ecosystem and formulate directions for developing commodity markets.

Binational Academic-Service-Community Partnership: A Program to Train, Provide Services and Conduct Research for Sustainable Community Health in Rural Baja, California, Mexico

Background: Viaje Interinstitucional de Integración Docente, Asistencial y de Investigación (VIIDAI) is a binational community health collaboration involving transdisciplinary education, field training, and research efforts that promotes health and provides services to underserved populations in rural Mexico, while also fostering cultural competency in medical and public health students from the Mexico-U.S. border region. Purpose: This paper describes the development and operation of the VIIDAI academic-community-service organization partnership and clinical and public health training program, and highlights the impact, challenges, road map, and powerful lessons of this binational effort. Methods and Approaches: The VIIDAI partnership is a collaboration between San Diego State University, School of Public Health; Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Tijuana, School of Medicine and Psychology; University of California San Diego, School of Medicine; and Old Mission Rotary. Since 1998, VIIDAI has cooperatively implemented projects using a community-based participatory research approach, integrating community members with faculty, students, and health practitioners from the three universities alongside the Rotary to balance research and action for the mutual benefit of all partners involved. Epidemiologic investigations and interventions, health promotion, and clinical care are conducted with active community engagement during semiannual trips. Field activities are conducted in San Quintín, Baja California, Mexico within a rural, predominately indigenous community, targeting a variety of population-specific public health issues. Results: Since its inception, over 3,300 faculty and students have participated in VIIDAI. The community has responded enthusiastically, with over 14,000 clinic visits and broad participation in health promotion interactions. These efforts have led to improvements in multiple indicators of community health, such as decreased prevalence of anemia; improved access to free potable water; increased numbers of students advancing to secondary schools; reduced family sizes and older age of first pregnancy; increased community interest and engagement in health issues and disease prevention; and increased visibility and empowerment among community leaders. Conclusion: The success of the VIIDAI partnership can be attributed to five key elements: (1) stable, long-term leadership; (2) guidance from the host country; (3) equal partnership with the local community; (4) support from a non-academic service organization to help fulfill unmet needs; and (5) mutually beneficial involvement across all participants.

Заключительные «Исторические письма» В.И. Ламанского (предисловие к публикации)

The article introduces the publication of the fragments of the sixth “Historical Letter on the Attitude of the Russian People to their Tribesmen” and the conclusion prepared by Vladimir Ivanovich Lamansky, a Slavophile and professor at St. Petersburg University. It is noted that other works of the scientist, on which he worked in the following years, remained unfinished. The facts allowing to indicate the date of writing the “Historical Letters” are given: 1859–1862, work interrupted by Lamansky's trip abroad (1862–1864). It is suggested that the “Historical Letters” were a continuation of the research direction outlined by Lamansky in his master's thesis “On the Slavs in Asia Minor, Africa and Spain” (1859), i.e. they were the result of his archival and desk work. The trip to the Slavic lands enriched the scholar with real knowledge of the Slavic peoples, their history and current situation, which made many of the arguments in the “Historical Letters” irrelevant. There are two subjects that Lamansky touched upon in his “last” letters, and which were further developed in his research and work. Firstly, these are the works in the field of national ethnography: his long-term leadership of the ethnographic department of the Russian Geographical Society, the organisation of the Slavic Congress and the Ethnographic Exhibition in 1867, the publication of the ethnographic journal “Zhivaya starina” (1890), the project of the of the ethnographic department of the Russian Museum (1899). Lamansky's statements on ethnography as fatherland studies or ethnology are presented, revealing his understanding of ethnographic science. Secondly, this is a historiosophical interpretation of the Oriental Question, considering it as an episode of interaction between two civilisations: the Greco-Slavic and the Romano-Germanic. The incompleteness of the “Historical Letters” is pointed out, which is reflected in the gaps in their publication.

Name is Sheikh Hasina (HPM): The Power of Motivation & Ability for Political Maneuvering Thru Psychological Behaviors as Foundations

HPM Sheikh Hasina having served as Prime Minister of Bangladesh for over 19 years. It has secured her to be the longest serving PM in Bangladesh-history. Thus, this study examines whether the power of motivation and ability in political maneuvering through psychological behaviors have served it effectively. It conducted SWOT and PEST analyses of HPM’s power of motivation and ability for political maneuvering that secured the long-term. The SWOT analysis here examined political Strengths (S), Weaknesses (W), Opportunities and Threats (T) that a leadership can review. The PEST analysis here examined the Political (P), Economic (E), Social (S), and Technological (T) issues involved with the power of political maneuvering for getting things done. For psychological behavioral assessment in politics, few prepared speeches were in review, which indicates HPM’s propensity for strategies of cooperation and risk-taking orientation in most cases where conflicting strategy is found rarely. Here the power of motivation and ability has transformed how a government provides effective services in any developing country like Bangladesh. This political-maneuvering skill is named as Akim’s Model, which can ensure success in political arena with a reward of long-term leadership in a country like Bangladesh. HPM has set an example in the 21st century business-driven world.

SUSTAINABLE LEADERSHIP AND PERFORMANCE OF SMS BUSINESSES IN TANZANIAS ILALA DISTRICT: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING

This study aimed to identify leadership practices that contribute to Ilala, Tanzanias SME success and sustainability. The study examined how sustainable leadership affected Tanzanias Ilala SMEs long-term performance. The study focuses on successful SME leaders in micro, small, medium, and large firms with one to 100 employees and 5 million to 800 million Tanzanian shillings in capital investment (Tshs). This study links variables using quantitative data. Validate the models accuracy. Using t-tests and path values, PLS validates hypotheses. We concluded from the data: Research shows that organizational learning affects SMEs long-term leadership. Sustainable leadership improved Tanzanias Ilala SMEs social performance. The research found that sustainable leadership helped SMEs in Tanzanias Ilala region. Organizational learning improves SMEs long-term social performance in Tanzanias Ilala. According to research, sustainable leadership does not affect economic success. Sustainable leadership seems to indirectly promote sustainable economic success. Organizational learning moderates sustainable leadership and environmental performance. Organizational learning (OL) alters the link between sustainable leadership (SL) and sustainable social performance (SSP). Organizational learning (SECP) moderates sustainable leadership and economic performance. The government may promote leadership development. Training and mentoring can make SMEs more productive and sustainable.

임원 승진을 위한 리더십 평가 사례 연구

The purpose of this study was to explore and propose the improvement of leadership evaluation and development process for executive promotion candidates through A Company’s case. To this end, this study went through a preliminary diagnosis, case and achievement data collection, evaluation process and result collection, and evaluation procedures for sharing and adjusting evaluation results. Evaluation data were collected through organizational personnel data for multi-source evaluation and multi-faceted evaluation, self-essays, Hogan diagnosis, and interviews with respondents in the organization, and analyzed and evaluated according to A Company's leadership competency diagnosis frame. As a result of the study, first, the current leadership and future integrated executive leadership potential were finally derived from the cases of 2 executive candidates. Second, after restructuring using “accountability” and “complexity management” as a framework to confirm the future potential of executives, it was decided through an executive promotion recommendation matrix. Third, using the executive promotion recommendation matrix derived through leadership diagnosis, leadership development measures were derived according to the short-term and long-term leadership development framework. Through this study, it is expected that executive promoters will be provided a turning point for soft landing in their roles as executives.

Building diverse leadership in an academic medical center: The ACCLAIM program

As healthcare systems become more complex, medical education needs to adapt in many ways. There is a growing need for more formal leadership learning for healthcare providers, including greater attention to health disparities. An important challenge in addressing health disparities is ensuring inclusive excellence in the leadership of healthcare systems and medical education. Women and those who are underrepresented in medicine (URMs) have historically had fewer opportunities for leadership development and are less likely to hold leadership roles and receive promotions. One successful initiative for improved learning of medical leadership—presented as a case example here—is the Academic Career Leadership Academy in Medicine (ACCLAIM) at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine. ACCLAIM is uniquely designed for faculty identified as having emerging leadership potential, with an emphasis on women and URMs. Using a leadership learning system approach, annual cohorts of participants (Scholars) interactively participate in a multi-faceted nine-month long learning experience, including group (e.g., guest-speaker weekly presentations and exercises) and individual learning components (e.g., an individual leadership project). Since its initiation in 2012 and through 2021, 111 Scholars have participated in ACCLAIM; included were 57% women and 27% URMs. Two important outcomes described are: short-term impact as illustrated by consistent improvements in quantitively measured leadership knowledge and capabilities; and long-term leadership growth, whereby half of the ACCLAIM graduates have received academic rank promotions and almost two-thirds have achieved new leadership opportunities, with even higher percentages observed for women and URMs; for example, 87% of URMs were either promoted or achieved new leadership positions. Also consistently noted, through qualitative assessments, are broader healthcare system knowledge and shared tactics for addressing common challenges among Scholars. This case example shows that the promotion of leadership equity may jointly enhance professional development while creating opportunities for systems change within academic medical centers. Such an approach can be a potential model for academic medical institutions and other healthcare schools seeking to promote leadership equity and inclusion.

외국인 교원의 채용과 역할 수행 과정에서 나타난 디커플링 연구

This study has been conducted to examine the decoupling patterns and causes of universities in the process of hiring international academics and performing their roles. To address this questions, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 international, Korean academics and staffs working at research-oriented universities, teaching-oriented universities, and universities that focus on both teaching and research. As a result of the analysis, the pattern of decoupling was different depending on the mission of the university. In research-oriented universities, 1) emphasis on the symbolic role of the internationalization, 2) alienation in the decision-making process, and 3) preference for international academics for window dressing have appeared. On the other hand, in teaching-oriented universities, 1) preference for international academics in contract positions to meet the full-time academics’ retention rate, and 2) cost-saving recruitment that did not consider actual role performance in the face of financial difficulties have been observed. In the case of universities that focus on both teaching and research, 1) the quantitative emphasis on research performance and 2) the visibility of international academics were emphasized, showing the similar decoupling pattern to research-oriented universities.
 Through the analysis, factors that promote and reduce the expression of decoupling have been found. The promoters were 1) the global university rankings which are used as a mean to change the fixed higher education hierarchy, 2) government university evaluation indicators and 3) the need to manage the attraction of international students. On the other hand, factors that suppress the development of decoupling are 1) strong institutional entrepreneurs, 2) the governance of a new organization that does not have a fixed hierarchical relationship, 3) securing a critical mass that international academics can normally perform, and 4) a long-term leadership.

A review of molecular, physiological, behavioral, and ecological studies in a Special Issue devoted to the movement ecology of fishes

Much new information on the movement ecology of fishes is present in this Special Issue of Environmental Biology of Fishes. Authors submitted manuscripts in response to now-deceased Editor-in-Chief David Noakes’ call for papers under the theme of “fish movement: molecules, models, and migration.” In a little over a year and a half, 30 papers were submitted on the molecular biology, behavior, physiology, and ecology of bony and cartilaginous fishes (and even a jawless fish) that inhabit both fresh water and salt water. Briefly summarized in this introductory article are the findings of the authors published in this Special Issue, organized under six main themes—movement patterns, innovative techniques, anthropogenic disturbances, behavior and environmental relationships, predictive models, and management and conservation biology, and suggestions are offered for future research. We are pleased to see David’s goal of integrating information at every scale of research, from genomics to theoretical models and landscape ecology, realized in this multi-disciplinary compilation. We dedicate this Special Issue to our fond remembrance of his friendship and his long-term leadership in ichthyological science.

Features of the Circulation of ARVI Pathogens During of Emergence and Widespread of SARS-CoV-2 in the 2018–2021

Relevance. The long-term leadership of ARVI pathogens determines their significance in the damage caused to both health and the economy of the country. Aim. To identify the features of the structure of ARVI during the emergence and widespread spread of SARS-CoV-2. Materials and methods. The article uses methods used in epidemiological surveillance of acute respiratory viral infections. Results and discussion. The results of the diagnostic available ARVI pathogens monitoring during epidemic seasons 2018-2021 are presented. The tendency of greater engagement of aged group 15 y.o. and older in epidemic process by morbidity and hospitalization due to SARI was shown. 49 818 nasal swabs from patients with influenza infection, 36 044 – with ARVI and 59 062 – with SARS-CoV-2 were tested. The top three in the structure of ARVI were INF, HEV-D and HRSV (in the 2018–2019 season); INF, SARS-CoV-2 and HEV-D (2019–2020); SARS-CoV-2, HEV-D and HPIV/HCoV (2020–2021). The activity of viral pathogens also differed: for HPIV, HAdV, HEV-D, HMPV, a decrease in activity was noted during the appearance of SARS-CoV-2 (2019–2020) and some of its growth in the following season; in relation to HRSV and INF - a decrease in activity during the last two seasons, and for INF – extremely low activity in the 2020-2021 season; the activity of seasonal HCoV even increased slightly. The data of genetic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 positive samples showed the heterogeneity of its population with a representative of variants (Alfa, Delta) as well as endemic for Russia and Moscow variants only. The recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2021–2022 northern hemisphere influenza season and in the 2022 southern hemisphere influenza season are presented due to their drift changeability. Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 was influenced by the activity of ARVI pathogens with the almost complete displacement of influenza viruses from the circulation in the period 2020–2021.

A bank’s intellectual capital and its importance in building competitiveness on the example of Polish listed banks

Motivation: Contemporary banks operating in the knowledge-based economy are constantly looking for sources of improving their competitiveness and attractiveness compared to the banking sector. Therefore, the ability to flexibly respond to changes taking place in the market environment and use the resources and experience in a creative way becomes essential. Intellectual capital is a source of the bank’s intangible resources, such as knowledge, employee skills, service quality, social relations and image, and innovations. The present study focuses on the structure of intellectual capital, which has been long discussed for a long time and became a subject of numerous studies. The concept of division of the bank’s intellectual capital into three subsystems was herein presented: organizational capital (KORG), innovative capital (KINN) and institutional capital (KINS). These subsystems will be included in the creation of a synthetic measure defining the bank’s competitiveness.
 Aim: The objective of this study is to present a method enabling the assessment of the competitiveness of listed banks in Poland with the use of multidimensional statistical methods, taking into account diagnostic variables that determine the economic and intellectual capital of banks, including its subsystems.
 Results: The article systematizes the concept of the division of intellectual capital. Thanks to the aggregate measure of the bank’s competitiveness, the author presented a ranking of banks, indicating the leader among the 11 banks listed on the stock exchange in Poland in 2009–2019. The proposed multidimensional analysis of the bank considers its financial and intellectual resources, which means that stakeholders can evaluate the bank’s data and its long-term development strategies. The long-term leadership position may indicate the bank’s condition and its intensified activities in intellectual capital development, which may be important information for stakeholders.

Investigation of theoretical macro-structural specifics of ensuring the strategic technological sovereignty and long-term leadership

Investigation of theoretical macro-structural specifics of ensuring the strategic technological sovereignty and long-term leadership

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF FORMATION OF REGIONAL INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

According to the results of 2020, in the rating of the subjects of the Russian Federation for the production of gross agricultural output, the Republic of Bashkortostan came in 6th place and 2nd in the Volga Federal District. The long-term leadership of the republic in terms of the development of the agro-industrial complex is largely explained by the presence of large areas of agricultural land (more than 7.2 million hectares), sufficient labor resources and relatively favorable soil and climatic conditions for the development of many branches of agriculture. However, in the XXI century, without the introduction of agro-innovations and the development of high-tech agriculture, processing industry, an effective system for the sale of manufactured products, it is becoming increasingly problematic to ensure the long-term competitiveness of the agro-industrial complex of the region both at the All-Russian and global levels. Current trends in the development of agribusiness in the world and in our country clearly show the priority of using the latest achievements of scientific and technological progress and significant investments in new agricultural technologies at the regional level in order to ensure high quality products and compete with domestic and foreign companies. Within the framework of this study, the need to improve the interaction of agribusiness with the scientific and educational sphere and the formation of the regional innovation infrastructure of the agro-industrial complex in the Republic of Bashkortostan with the coordinating role of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan is actualized. The authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of the key problems in the creation of a regional agro-industrial scientific and production cluster in the Republic of Bashkortostan and outlined priorities in its development.

Experiential Learning and Mentorship in Global Health Leadership Programs: Capturing Lessons from Across the Globe.

Objectives:The changing global landscape of disease and public health crises, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic, call for a new generation of global health leaders. As global health leadership programs evolve, many have incorporated experiential learning and mentoring (ELM) components into their structure. However, there has been incomplete consideration on how ELM activities are deployed, what challenges they face and how programs adapt to meet those challenges. This paper builds on the co-authors’ experiences as trainees, trainers, organizers and evaluators of six global health leadership programs to reflect on lessons learned regarding ELM. We also consider ethics, technology, gender, age and framing that influence how ELM activities are developed and implemented.Findings:Despite the diverse origins and funding of these programs, all six are focused on training participants from low- and middle-income countries drawing on a diversity of professions. Each program uses mixed didactic approaches, practice-based placements, competency and skills-driven curricula, and mentorship via various modalities. Main metrics for success include development of trainee networks, acquisition of skills and formation of relationships; programs that included research training had specific research metrics as well. Common challenges the programs face include ensuring clarity of expectations of all participants and mentors; maintaining connection among trainees; meeting the needs of trainee cohorts with different skill sets and starting points; and ensuring trainee cohorts capture age, gender and other forms of diversity.Conclusions:ELM activities for global health leadership are proving even more critical now as the importance of effective individual leaders in responding to crises becomes evident. Future efforts for ELM in global health leadership should emphasize local adaptation and sustainability. Practice-based learning and established mentoring relationships provide the building blocks for competent leaders to navigate complex dynamics with the flexibility and conscientiousness needed to improve the health of global populations.Key TakeawaysExperiential learning and mentorship activities within global health leadership programs provide the hands-on practice and support that the next generation of global health leaders need to address the health challenges of our times.Six global health leadership programs with experiential learning and mentorship components are showcased to highlight differences and similarities in their approaches and capture a broad picture of achievements that can help inform future programs.Emphasis on inter-professional training, mixed-learning approaches and mentorship modalities were common across programs. Both individual capacity building and development of trainees’ professional networks were seen as critical, reflecting the value of inter-personal connections for long-term leadership success.During program design, future programs should recognize the “frame” within which the program will be incorporated and intentionally address diversity—in all its forms—during recruitment as well as consider North-South ethics, leadership roles, hierarchies and transition plans.

LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT: A PSYCHOLOGICALLY-INFORMED PROCESS THAT SPAWNED A GENERATION OF CEOS

Karol Wasylyshyn and Raj Gupta provide an in-depth look at a long-term leadership development process at Rohm and Haas that was dubbed “one of the best CEO universities” in the world. On a deeper level, they provoke reflection on the value of connecting holistically with high potential employees and on how, in doing so, we can maximize both human potential and business growth.

Developing the power of the pack: the long-term leadership impact of peer mentoring for female clinicians as part of the RCP's Emerging Women Leaders Programme

With women making up 54% of junior doctors1 and almost 60% of new medical students2 why does it remain that only 32% consultants and 24% trust medical directors are women?1 Bismark et al explored reasons and remedies for the under-representation of women in medical leadership roles and identified three contributing drivers: capacity, capability and credibility.3 It has …

Factors Influencing Socially Responsible Leadership Development in College of Agriculture Students

The purpose of this study was to examine factors impacting college student leadership development within a college of agriculture at the University of Missouri. This study employed descriptive relational survey methods to examine the impact of involvement factors (participation in organizations, community service and leadership education) on college student leadership development. The target population was all junior and senior students in the College of Agricutlure, Food and Natural Resources at the University of Missouri (N=1,124). Out of the calculated sample size (n=287), 107 participants completed the online instrument (37.3%). In the examination of the leadership outcomes, the greatest mean was reported for the outcome of commitment and the lowest mean was reported for the outcome of change. Most students were involved with two to five different organizations during their college career. A majority (92.5%) of the students reported that they have engaged in community service during their college career, although 44.9% of respondents did not participate in community service on a regular basis. Students responded as being involved in one to two short-term leadership education programs, but no long-term leadership education programs. Eight separate linear regression models were analyzed to determine the impact of involvement factors on the development of socially responsible leadership.

LESSONS LEARNED FROM NURSING HOME CIVIL MONETARY PENALTY PROJECTS

Nursing homes must comply with numerous federal/state regulations to receive Medicare and Medicaid funding. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in deficiency citations, and depending on the severity of the deficiency, a resulting Civil Monetary Penalty (CMP). Through the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Civil Monetary Penalty Reinvestment Program, CMP funds are reinvested to support activities that benefit nursing home residents and that protect or improve their quality of life or quality of care. This symposium presents some of the unique challenges, successes, failures, and surprise findings from CMP-funded nursing home quality improvement projects in two, predominantly rural Midwestern states: Oklahoma and Kansas. Dr. Williams presents findings of a pilot-study testing an adaptation of a successful family caregiver telehealth support intervention in the nursing home setting and implications for future research. Dr. Sturdevant shares successes, challenges, and unanticipated results from the “It’s Not OK to Fall” project, a comprehensive, 3 year fall prevention project implemented in Oklahoma nursing homes. Lastly, Ms. Round’s paper describes the implementation and findings of a Long-term Care Leadership Academy aimed at improving leadership and team building skills of three levels of nursing home staff, including Administrators/Directors’ of Nursing, RN/LPN charge nurses and certified nursing assistants. Discussant, Dr. Kathleen Buckwalter Ph.D., FAAN, RN, will discuss how principles of nursing home culture change provides a common framework for these projects and conclude by offering suggestions on how promotion of these principles might improve the quality of care provided by nursing homes.

Populist Parties in Lithuania: Curious Case of Party Order and Justice and its Leadership

Abstract The article discusses conceptualisation of populism, Lithuania’s party system and electoral dynamics and their relation to the sustainability of populist parties. Special attention is given to Party Order and Justice, a former populist and protest party, and its leadership, namely to the issues related to scope and competencies of a leader’s intra-partisan power, leadership selection rules and history, development of leaders’ political careers and their electoral activity. The L ithuanian party system now exhibits moderate fragmentation without centrifugal tendencies. Voter volatility is still relatively high, yet the share of new parties has dropped to zero. The protest and populist parties in Lithuania went into the margins of political establishment. Popularity of the Order and Justice party has long been connected to the formerly impeached president Rolandas Paksas. His long-term leadership in the face of plummeting electoral support and an emphasis on his political martyrdom resulted in poor electoral performances, ensuing internal squabbles and his departure. Party Order and Justice’s internal regulations, however, remained favourable to strong leadership.

Understanding and responding to new forms of competition

PurposeThe purpose of this note is to provide some brand strategy perspectives to Sheth and Koschmann’s Do brands compete or coexist? How persistence of brand loyalty segments the market.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a comment piece written in response to Sheth and Koschmann’s “Do brands compete or coexist? How persistence of brand loyalty segments the market”.FindingsIn their article, Jagdish Sheth and Anthony Koschmann provide a very useful empirically grounded example of how categories can evolve to be dominated by two or three key players and some of the implications which result from that. In doing so, they offer a number of useful insights. At the same time, however, it should be recognized that a number of competitive forces have emerged in recent years that have disrupted long-established equilibria and threatened long-term leadership in numerous categories. This note describes the nature of those forces and outlines three strategic approaches to improve the odds of long-term brand leadership and success.Originality/valueThis response to Sheth and Koschmann’s paper provides a scholarly dialogue centered upon the premise of brand loyalty within the context of market competition.